A lining jumbo form closure system and method of controlling the same

Abstract

The application provides a lining trolley formwork collection system and a control method thereof. The arched formwork is designed to be hingedly connected with a first side form, a top form and a second side form in sequence, and the two formworks can rotate relative to each other. The top frame body of the bracket is connected with the inner side of the top form, and can realize the bearing of the top form. The first supporting part of the supporting mechanism is connected between the bottom surface of the top frame body and the first side form, and the second supporting part is connected between the bottom surface of the top frame body and the second side form. The first supporting part and the second supporting part can be folded or stretched along the hinge points. The stretching mechanism controls the folding or stretching of the hinge points of the first supporting part and the second supporting part, drives the rotation of the first side form and the second side form, realizes the formwork collection and formwork erection of the lining trolley, and the jacking mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the four-corner door frame, realizes the lifting and lowering of the top form, and the four-corner door frame bears and supports the arched formwork and the bracket. In this way, automatic formwork erection and formwork collection can be realized, the number of hydraulic cylinders is greatly reduced, and the structure of the lining trolley is simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and more specifically, to a lining trolley formwork retraction system and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] Lining trolleys are equipment used in secondary lining construction of tunnels for the construction of concrete lining on the inner wall of the tunnel. Since the lining trolley involves movement within the tunnel during construction, the automatic or semi-automatic formwork removal and erection of the lining trolley can greatly reduce the workload during the movement of the lining trolley (traditional steel formwork trolleys require frequent disassembly and assembly of formwork, resulting in a huge workload and low work efficiency).

[0003] Current lining trolleys typically use a large number of hydraulic cylinders to achieve mold closing and mold erection. This results in higher costs and takes up more space, which is not conducive to the simplification of the lining trolley structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a lining trolley template gathering system and its control method, so as to achieve efficient and reliable lining trolley template gathering and erection through a relatively simple structure.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this application are implemented in the following manner:

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a lining trolley formwork retraction system, including an arched formwork, a bracket, four corner frames, and a lifting mechanism. The arched formwork includes a first side mold, a second side mold, and a top mold. The first side mold, the top mold, and the second side mold are sequentially hinged to form an arch, and the first side mold and the top mold, as well as the second side mold and the top mold, can rotate relative to each other within a set angle range. The bracket includes a top frame body, a support mechanism, and a telescopic mechanism. Multiple bearing units are axially spaced on the top surface of the top frame body. The two side ends of the top frame body and the end of each bearing unit are connected to the inner side of the top mold. The support mechanism includes a first support portion and a second support portion. The first support portion is connected between the bottom surface of the top frame body and the first side mold, and the second support portion is connected to the... Between the bottom surface of the top frame body and the second side mold, the first support part and the second support part are respectively located on both sides of the top frame body. Both the first support part and the second support part have hinge points, allowing them to be folded along these hinge points. Telescopic mechanisms are connected between the first support part and the top frame body, and between the second support part and the top frame body. The telescopic mechanisms control the folding or extension of the hinge points of the first and second support parts, driving the first and second side molds to rotate, thus realizing the lining trolley's mold-retraction and mold-erecting. A lifting mechanism is located at the bottom of the four corner masts, used to lift or lower the four corner masts, realizing the lifting and lowering of the top mold. The four corner masts are located at the bottom of the bracket, used to bear and support the arched template and the bracket.

[0007] In this embodiment, the arched template is designed with the first side mold, top mold, and second side mold hinged sequentially, allowing both templates to rotate relative to each other within a set angle range. Multiple bearing units are axially spaced on the top surface of the bracket's top frame body. Both sides of the top frame body, as well as the end of each bearing unit, are connected to the inner side of the top mold, enabling support for the top mold. The support mechanism includes a first support portion and a second support portion. The first support portion connects the bottom surface of the top frame body to the first side mold, and the second support portion connects the bottom surface of the top frame body to the second side mold. The first and second support portions are located on the top... Both sides of the frame body, including the first and second support sections, are equipped with hinge points, allowing for folding along these points. Telescopic mechanisms connect the first support section to the top frame body, and the second support section to the top frame body. These mechanisms control the folding or extension of the hinge points of the first and second support sections, rotating the first and second side molds to achieve the lining trolley's formwork retraction and erection. A lifting mechanism is located at the bottom of the four corner masts, used to lift or lower the four corner masts, enabling the top mold to be raised and lowered. The four corner masts, located at the bottom of the brackets, support the arched template and brackets. This method utilizes the telescopic mechanisms to control the extension and folding of the support arms, achieving automatic formwork erection and retraction. This significantly reduces the use of hydraulic cylinders, simplifies the structure of the lining trolley, reduces workload, lowers costs, and improves construction efficiency.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in a first possible implementation of the first aspect, the side edges of the connection between the first side mold and the top mold, and the side edges of the connection between the second side mold and the top mold are both inclined surfaces. After the first side mold and the second side mold are respectively hinged to the top mold, there is a concave angle at their respective connection points, so that both the first side mold and the second side mold can be folded toward the inside of the top mold.

[0009] In this implementation, the side edges at the connection between the first side mold and the top mold, and the side edges at the connection between the second side mold and the top mold, are both beveled, creating a concave angle at the connection. This allows both the first and second side molds to fold inwards towards the top mold. This simple structure satisfies the hinged connection between the first and top molds, and between the second and top molds, while ensuring the reliability of the arched formwork after erection and minimizing grout leakage through gaps.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in a second possible implementation of the first aspect, the top frame body comprises n top frame sub-units arranged in parallel. Correspondingly, the first support portion and the second support portion each comprise a connecting crossbar and n support arms. Each support arm of the first support portion has a hinge point at the same position, and its connecting crossbar is connected to each support arm of the first support portion so that each support arm of the first support portion operates synchronously. Similarly, each support arm of the second support portion has a hinge point at the same position, and its connecting crossbar is connected to each support arm of the second support portion so that each support arm of the second support portion operates synchronously.

[0011] In this implementation, n top frame sub-units are connected in parallel to form the top frame body. Each sub-unit uses a connecting crossbar and n support arms to construct the first support part and the second support part. This can reduce material usage and lighten the overall weight of the lining trolley while ensuring the functions of the top frame body, the first support part, and the second support part are realized. This is conducive to further simplifying the structure of the lining trolley.

[0012] In conjunction with the second possible implementation of the first aspect, in the third possible implementation of the first aspect, each of the top frame sub-units has multiple columns on its top surface. The columns closer to the center are taller, and the columns at the same position in each top frame sub-unit are connected to each other. The distance between the two columns closest to the center is the greatest. Each of the two sides of the bottom surface of each top frame sub-unit is provided with a telescopic connecting seat and a support connecting seat. For each side end of the first and last top frame sub-units, the telescopic connecting seat of the side end is hinged to one end of a telescopic rod, and the support connecting seat of the side end is hinged to one end of a support arm. The other end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the support arm. The hinge position of the telescopic rod and the support arm is also the position where the support arm is connected to its connecting crossbar, and the hinge position is higher than the hinge point on the support arm.

[0013] In this implementation, the top surface of the top frame sub-unit is equipped with multiple columns. The columns closer to the center are taller, and the columns at the same position in each top frame sub-unit are interconnected. The two columns closest to the center are spaced the farthest apart. This ensures effective support for the top mold and expands the space between the top mold and the top frame body (mainly the two columns closest to the center), facilitating personnel inspection and operation, and reserving a larger operating space for the construction of the material placement system. Each of the two sides of the bottom surface of the top frame sub-unit is equipped with a telescopic connecting seat and a support connecting seat (i.e., each side has one telescopic connecting seat and one support connecting seat). For each side of the first and last top frame sub-units, the telescopic connecting seat is hinged to one end of a telescopic rod, and the support connecting seat is hinged to one end of a support arm. The other end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the support arm, thus enabling the connection and arrangement of the support arm and the telescopic mechanism.

[0014] In conjunction with the third possible implementation of the first aspect, in the fourth possible implementation of the first aspect, the setting positions of the telescopic connecting seat and the support connecting seat at each side end, as well as the hinge positions on the corresponding support arms, satisfy the following conditions: when the lining trolley template gathering system is in the formwork gathering state, the setting position of the support connecting seat, the hinge position on the corresponding support arm, and the hinge position between the support arm and the side mold form an obtuse isosceles triangle with an acute angle of α, where α does not exceed 30°.

[0015] In this implementation, when the lining trolley template retraction system is in the retraction state, the location of the support connecting seat, the corresponding hinge position on the support arm, and the hinge position between the support arm and the side mold (first side mold or second side mold) form an obtuse isosceles triangle with an acute angle of α, where α does not exceed 30°. This gives the formwork retraction structure a force amplification effect, facilitating formwork retraction. With the combined effect of this force amplification structure and the parallel linkage of the two longitudinal beams (i.e., the linkage between the first and last top frame sub-units), two hydraulic cylinders (telescopic mechanisms) on each side can overcome the demolding force and the weight of the template, ensuring reliable template operation. Therefore, this method, while ensuring that the first and second side molds have the necessary vertical and horizontal displacement for normal operation, achieves the mold raising and lowering action of the template by using a set on each side and multiple sets of structures arranged axially (i.e., n top frame sub-units, one connecting crossbar on each side and n support arms). This greatly reduces the number of hydraulic cylinders and lowers the control difficulty of the system while ensuring reliable operation, normal demolding and shrinkage, and mold raising.

[0016] In conjunction with the fourth possible implementation of the first aspect, in the fifth possible implementation of the first aspect, sensor mounting points are provided on the first side mold, the second side mold, and the top mold. The sensor mounting point on the top mold is located at the top, the sensor mounting point on the first side mold is located at a first predetermined position, and the sensor mounting point on the second side mold is located at a second predetermined position. The first predetermined position and the second predetermined position are at the same height and are both located at 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the overall height of the arch template. The lining trolley template gathering system also includes a main control device. A distance measuring sensor is installed at each sensor mounting point. Each distance measuring sensor is connected to the main control device to obtain real-time distance information between the sensor mounting point and the inner wall of the tunnel and send the real-time distance information to the main control device so that the main control device can control the operation of the telescopic mechanism.

[0017] In this implementation, distance sensors are installed on the first side mold, the second side mold, and the top mold to obtain real-time distance information (the distance between the sensor and the inner wall of the tunnel), which can be used as a reference when erecting the mold, thereby greatly improving the reliability and safety of the mold.

[0018] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a method for controlling the formwork retraction of a lining trolley, characterized in that the main control device applied to the formwork retraction system of the lining trolley described in the fifth possible implementation of the first aspect, for the formwork erection process of the lining trolley formwork retraction system, the method includes:

[0019] Step S11: Obtain the top wall distance detected by the distance measuring sensor on the top mold; Step S12: Based on the top wall distance, control the lifting mechanism to raise the top mold to a set height distance, wherein the set height distance is 20-50 cm away from the top wall; Step S13: Obtain the first side wall distance detected by the distance measuring sensor on the first side mold and the second side wall distance detected by the distance measuring sensor on the second side mold; Step S14: Based on the first side wall distance and the second side wall distance, control the telescopic mechanism to operate, so that the first side mold and the second side mold synchronously move to the first distance and the second distance respectively, wherein the... The distance between the first distance and the tunnel wall at that location, and the distance between the second distance and the tunnel wall at that location, are both greater than the set height distance; Step S15: Based on the distance to the top wall detected in real time by the distance measuring sensor on the top mold, control the lifting mechanism to operate so that the distance between the top mold and the top wall is x centimeters, where x is the thickness of the tunnel wall to be lined; Step S16: Based on the distance between the first side wall detected in real time by the distance measuring sensor on the first side mold and the distance between the second side wall detected in real time by the distance measuring sensor on the second side mold, control the telescopic mechanism to operate so that the distance between the first side mold and the second side mold and the tunnel wall at that location is x centimeters respectively;

[0020] The method for the formwork closing process of the lining trolley formwork closing system includes:

[0021] Step S21: Control the lifting mechanism to lower the top mold to the top mold retraction position; Step S22: Control the telescopic mechanism to retract the first side mold and the second side mold to the first side mold retraction position and the second side mold retraction position, respectively.

[0022] In the embodiments of this application, this method of controlling the formwork retraction of the lining trolley can safely, reliably, and simply realize the automatic erection and retraction of the lining trolley.

[0023] In conjunction with the second aspect, in the first possible implementation of the second aspect, step S22 specifically includes: For the convergence of the first side mold: controlling the extension mechanism corresponding to the first side mold to extend, resisting the corresponding support arm to fold from its hinge point until the extension mechanism extends to the convergence position of the first side mold. At this time, the distance between the hinge position on the support arm and the hinge position of the first side mold is S, the distance between the hinge position on the support arm and the support connecting seat at the side end is also S, and the included angle at the hinge position on the support arm is β, where β is not less than 120°; For the convergence of the second side mold: controlling the extension mechanism corresponding to the second side mold to extend, resisting the corresponding support arm to fold from its hinge point until the extension mechanism extends to the convergence position of the second side mold. At this time, the distance between the hinge position on the support arm and the hinge position of the second side mold is S, the distance between the hinge position on the support arm and the support connecting seat at the side end is also S, and the included angle at the hinge position on the support arm is β, where β is not less than 120°.

[0024] In this implementation, the mold closing process (convergence of the first and second side molds) utilizes a mold closing structure with force amplification to achieve reliable mold closing and erection. This allows for mold closing and erection actions of the template to be accomplished with a relatively small number of hydraulic cylinders. This significantly reduces the number of hydraulic cylinders and, while ensuring reliable system operation, normal demolding and shrinkage, and mold erection, lowers the system's control complexity.

[0025] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a lining trolley template gathering system in the formwork erection state, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a lining trolley template gathering system in the formwork gathering state, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a bracket in the mold-standing state provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a tray in the mold-collecting state provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the equivalent triangle when the lining trolley template gathering system is in the upright state.

[0032] Figure 6 This is an equivalent graphic diagram of the lining trolley formwork termination system when it transitions from the erected state to the retracted state.

[0033] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing how the triangle changes as the telescopic mechanism extends and retracts.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the formwork erection process in the lining trolley template gathering method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0035] Figure 9 This is a flowchart of the formwork retraction process in the lining trolley formwork retraction method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0036] Icons: 100- Lining trolley formwork gathering system; 110- Arch formwork; 111- First side formwork; 112- Second side formwork; 113- Top formwork; 120- Bracket; 121- Top frame body; 122- Support mechanism; 1221- First support part; 1222- Second support part; 123- Telescopic mechanism; 130- Four-corner gantry; 140- Lifting mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a lining trolley template gathering system 100 in the formwork erection state, provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a lining trolley template gathering system 100 in the formwork gathering state, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0039] In this embodiment, the lining trolley template gathering system 100 may include an arched template 110, a bracket 120, a four-corner gantry 130, and a lifting mechanism 140.

[0040] For example, the arched template 110 includes a first side mold 111, a second side mold 112 and a top mold 113. The first side mold 111, the top mold 113 and the second side mold 112 are sequentially hinged to form an arch. The first side mold 111 and the top mold 113, as well as the second side mold 112 and the top mold 113, can rotate relative to each other within a set angle range (e.g., 30°, 60°, etc.).

[0041] For example, the bracket 120 includes a top frame body 121, a support mechanism 122, and a telescopic mechanism 123.

[0042] Multiple bearing units are arranged at axial intervals on the top surface of the top frame body 121. The two side ends of the top frame body 121 and the end of each bearing unit are connected to the inner side of the top mold 113.

[0043] The support mechanism 122 includes a first support part 1221 and a second support part 1222. The first support part 1221 is connected between the bottom surface of the top frame body 121 and the first side mold 111, and the second support part 1222 is connected between the bottom surface of the top frame body 121 and the second side mold 112. The first support part 1221 and the second support part 1222 are located on both sides of the top frame body 121, and both the first support part 1221 and the second support part 1222 are provided with hinge points, and both can be folded along their hinge points.

[0044] Telescopic mechanisms 123 are connected between the first support portion 1221 and the top frame body 121, and between the second support portion 1222 and the top frame body 121. In this embodiment, a hydraulic cylinder is used as the telescopic mechanism 123, but this is not intended to limit the scope of this application. By controlling the extension and retraction of the telescopic mechanism 123, the hinge points of the first support portion 1221 and the second support portion 1222 are folded or extended, thereby driving the first side mold 111 and the second side mold 112 to rotate, thus realizing the demolding and erection of the lining trolley.

[0045] The lifting mechanism 140 is mounted on the four corner masts 130 and is used to lift or lower the four corner masts 130, thereby raising and lowering the top mold 113. Here, the lifting mechanism 140 can be a hydraulic cylinder to ensure reliability.

[0046] For example, the four-corner gantry 130 is disposed at the bottom of the bracket 120 for bearing and supporting the arched template 110 and the bracket 120.

[0047] In this embodiment, the side edges at the connection between the first side mold 111 and the top mold 113, and the side edges at the connection between the second side mold 112 and the top mold 113 are both inclined surfaces. After the first side mold 111 and the second side mold 112 are respectively hinged to the top mold 113, there is a concave angle at their respective connection points (the angle of the concave angle needs to be greater than or equal to a set angle range, generally designed to be slightly greater than the maximum value of the set angle range), so that both the first side mold 111 and the second side mold 112 can be folded toward the inside of the top mold 113.

[0048] This allows for the hinged connection between the first side mold 111 and the top mold 113, and between the second side mold 112 and the top mold 113, through a simple structure, while ensuring the reliability of the arched template 110 after the mold is erected, and minimizing the possibility of grout leakage through gaps.

[0049] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 In this embodiment, the top frame body 121 may include n (n is a positive integer greater than 2) top frame sub-units arranged in parallel. Correspondingly, the first support part 1221 and the second support part 1222 each include a connecting crossbar and n support arms.

[0050] Each support arm of the first support part 1221 has a hinge point at the same position, and its connecting crossbar is connected to each support arm of the first support part 1221 so that each support arm of the first support part 1221 operates synchronously; each support arm of the second support part 1222 has a hinge point at the same position, and its connecting crossbar is connected to each support arm of the second support part 1222 so that each support arm of the second support part 1222 operates synchronously.

[0051] By using n top frame sub-units connected in parallel to form the top frame body 121, and each using a connecting crossbar and n support arms to construct a first support part 1221 and a second support part 1222, it is possible to reduce material usage and lighten the overall weight of the lining trolley while ensuring the realization of the functions of the top frame body 121, the first support part 1221 and the second support part 1222, which is conducive to further simplifying the structure of the lining trolley.

[0052] For example, each top frame sub-unit has multiple columns on its top surface. The columns closer to the center are taller, and the columns at the same position in each top frame sub-unit are connected to each other. The two columns closest to the center are the farthest apart (e.g., 3 to 4 meters apart). Each top frame sub-unit has a telescopic connecting seat and a support connecting seat at each of the two side ends of its bottom surface.

[0053] For each side end of the leading and trailing top frame sub-units (the leading and trailing top frame sub-units each have two side ends), the telescopic connecting seat of the side end is hinged to one end of a telescopic rod, the support connecting seat of the side end is hinged to one end of a support arm, and the other end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the support arm. The hinge position between the telescopic rod and the support arm is also the position where the support arm connects to its connecting crossbar, and the hinge position is higher than the hinge point on the support arm.

[0054] The top surface of the top frame sub-unit is equipped with multiple columns. The columns closer to the center are taller, and the columns at the same position in each top frame sub-unit are interconnected. The two columns closest to the center are spaced the farthest apart. This ensures effective support for the top mold 113 and expands the space between the top mold 113 and the top frame body 121 (mainly the two columns closest to the center), facilitating personnel inspection and operation, and reserving a larger operating space for the construction of the material laying system. Each of the two sides of the bottom surface of the top frame sub-unit is equipped with a telescopic connecting seat and a support connecting seat (i.e., each side has one telescopic connecting seat and one support connecting seat). For each side of the first and last top frame sub-units, the telescopic connecting seat is hinged to one end of a telescopic rod, and the support connecting seat is hinged to one end of a support arm. The other end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the support arm, thus enabling the connection and arrangement of the support arm and the telescopic mechanism 123.

[0055] In this embodiment, the setting positions of the telescopic connecting seat and the support connecting seat at each side end, as well as the hinge positions on the corresponding support arms, satisfy the following conditions: when the lining trolley template gathering system 100 is in the formwork gathering state, the setting position of the support connecting seat, the hinge position on the corresponding support arm, and the hinge position between the support arm and the side formwork form an obtuse isosceles triangle with an acute angle of α, where α does not exceed 30°.

[0056] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 and Figure 5 ,like Figure 5 In the equivalent triangle, when the lining trolley template retraction system 100 is in the upright state, the contraction of the telescopic mechanism 123 causes the support arm to extend and remain straight, so that the setting position of the telescopic connecting seat, the setting position of the support connecting seat, and the corresponding hinge position on the support arm form a triangle. Figure 5 The small triangle in the upper right corner), and the setting position of the support connecting seat, the hinge point on the support arm, and the connection position of the support arm and the side mold (first side mold 111 or second side mold 112) are in a straight line, so that the connection position of the side mold and the top mold 113, the setting position of the support connecting seat, and the connection position of the support arm and the side mold form a triangle ( Figure 5 The entire large triangle in the model is equivalent to a locked state, thus maintaining the reliability of the vertical mold state.

[0057] Please refer to the following: Figure 2 and Figure 6When mold closing is required, the hydraulic cylinder (telescopic mechanism 123) extends, and the support arm splits into two at its hinge point, bending into a bent state. Its hinge position (the hinge point between the telescopic mechanism 123 and the support arm) moves from point A1 to point A2, and the hinge position B between the side mold and the support arm moves to B1. At this time, the setting position of the support connecting seat, the corresponding hinge position on the support arm, and the hinge position between the support arm and the side mold (first side mold 111 or second side mold 112) form an obtuse isosceles triangle with an acute angle of α, where α does not exceed 30° (in this embodiment, α is taken as 30°, but this is not a limitation).

[0058] Please see Figure 7 Let the length of the support arm be L. When the hydraulic cylinder (telescopic mechanism 123) extends and retracts to change the shape of the triangle (OBC), when A2 moves by a displacement L1 under the push of the hydraulic cylinder, the equivalent point B1 moves by a displacement L2. Then the correspondence between the two displacements L1 and L2 is as follows:

[0059] L 2 -(L1+L·sinα) 2 = (L·cosα-L2) 2 (1)

[0060] Right now,

[0061]

[0062] Since α is an acute angle, according to formula (2), L1 is always greater than L2; correspondingly, when the external force acts on point A2, the force F1 is less than the output force F2 at points B1 and C, and

[0063]

[0064] Therefore, this formwork erection and retraction structure (i.e., the lining trolley formwork retraction system 100) has a force amplification effect, facilitating formwork erection and retraction. With the combined effect of this force amplification structure and the parallel linkage between the left and right longitudinal beams (i.e., the linkage between the first and last top frame sub-units), two hydraulic cylinders (telescopic mechanisms 123) on each side can overcome the demolding force and the weight of the formwork, ensuring reliable formwork operation.

[0065] Therefore, this method, while ensuring that the first side mold 111 and the second side mold 112 have the required mold erection and retraction displacement for normal operation, achieves the mold erection and retraction action of the template by using a set on each side and multiple sets of structures arranged axially (i.e., n top frame sub-units, one connecting crossbar on each side and n support arms). This greatly reduces the number of hydraulic cylinders and reduces the control difficulty of the system while ensuring reliable operation, normal demolding and shrinkage, and mold erection.

[0066] In this embodiment, sensor mounting points are provided on the first side mold 111, the second side mold 112 and the top mold 113 for mounting a ranging sensor (preferably a photoelectric sensor).

[0067] The sensor mounting point on the top mold 113 is located at the top, the sensor mounting point on the first side mold 111 is located at the first set position, and the sensor mounting point on the second side mold 112 is located at the second set position. The first set position and the second set position are at the same height and are both located at 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the overall height of the arched template 110 (for example, selecting the position at 2 / 3 of the overall height of the arched template 110, mainly selecting the position of the maximum arc of the arched template 110 when the mold is erected, which is the closest distance to the inner wall of the tunnel. Using the real-time distance at this position as a reference, it can effectively avoid the first side mold 111 and the second side mold 112 accidentally abutting against the inner wall of the tunnel at other positions).

[0068] The lining trolley formwork retraction system 100 also includes a main control device. A distance measuring sensor is installed at each sensor installation point. Each distance measuring sensor is connected to the main control device to obtain real-time distance information between the sensor installation point and the inner wall of the tunnel, and sends the real-time distance information to the main control device so that the main control device can control the operation of the telescopic mechanism 123.

[0069] Distance sensors are installed on the first side mold 111, the second side mold 112, and the top mold 113 to obtain real-time distance information (the distance between the sensor and the inner wall of the tunnel), which can be used as a reference when erecting the mold, thereby greatly improving the reliability and safety of the mold.

[0070] Secondly, this application provides a method for controlling the retraction of lining trolley templates, which can be applied to the main control device in the lining trolley template retraction system 100 in this embodiment.

[0071] Please see Figure 8 The erection process of the lining trolley template gathering system 100 includes: steps S11, S12, S13, S14, S15 and S16.

[0072] Step S11: Obtain the distance to the top wall detected by the distance measuring sensor on the top mold 113.

[0073] Step S12: Based on the distance to the top wall, control the lifting mechanism 140 to operate and raise the top mold 113 to a set height distance, wherein the set height distance is 20-50 cm away from the top wall.

[0074] Step S13: Obtain the first sidewall distance detected by the distance measuring sensor on the first side mold 111 and the second sidewall distance detected by the distance measuring sensor on the second side mold 112.

[0075] Step S14: Based on the first sidewall distance and the second sidewall distance, control the telescopic mechanism 123 to operate, so that the first side mold 111 and the second side mold 112 move synchronously to the first distance and the second distance respectively, wherein the distance between the first distance and the tunnel inner wall at that location, and the distance between the second distance and the tunnel inner wall at that location, are both greater than the set height distance.

[0076] Step S15: Based on the distance to the top wall detected in real time by the distance measuring sensor on the top mold 113, control the operation of the lifting mechanism 140 so that the distance between the top mold 113 and the top wall is x centimeters, where x is the thickness of the tunnel inner wall that needs to be lined.

[0077] Step S16: Based on the distance to the first side wall detected in real time by the distance measuring sensor on the first side mold 111 and the distance to the second side wall detected in real time by the distance measuring sensor on the second side mold 112, control the telescopic mechanism 123 to operate so that the distance between the first side mold 111 and the second side mold 112 and the inner wall of the tunnel at that location is x centimeters.

[0078] By executing steps S12, S13, S14, S15, and S16, the lining trolley formwork gathering system 100 can achieve safe and reliable automatic formwork erection. The formwork erection process is decomposed into two sub-processes (a preliminary process of raising the top formwork 113 and extending the side formwork, and a fine process of raising the top formwork 113 and extending the side formwork), thereby effectively ensuring the safety of the formwork erection. Where x is taken as 15 cm, the set height distance can be 25 cm or 30 cm, and is not limited here.

[0079] Please see Figure 9 The formwork closing process of the lining trolley formwork closing system 100 includes steps S21 and S22.

[0080] Step S21: Control the lifting mechanism 140 to operate and lower the top mold 113 to the top mold 113 retraction position.

[0081] Step S22: Control the telescopic mechanism 123 to operate, and retract the first side mold 111 and the second side mold 112 to the retracted positions of the first side mold 111 and the second side mold 112, respectively.

[0082] By executing steps S21 and S22, automatic mold collection can be achieved efficiently and reliably.

[0083] In this embodiment, regarding the convergence of the first side mold 111:

[0084] The telescopic mechanism 123 corresponding to the first side mold 111 is extended, supporting the corresponding support arm and folding it from its hinge point until the telescopic mechanism 123 extends to the retracted position of the first side mold 111. At this time, the distance between the hinge position on the support arm and the hinge position on the first side mold 111 is S, the distance between the hinge position on the support arm and the support connecting seat at the side end is also S, and the included angle at the hinge position on the support arm is β. Figure 6 In the angle B1A2C), β is not less than 120°.

[0085] Similarly, regarding the retraction of the second side mold 112: the telescopic mechanism 123 corresponding to the second side mold 112 is controlled to extend, resisting the corresponding support arm to fold from its hinge point until the telescopic mechanism 123 extends to the retraction position of the second side mold 112. At this time, the distance between the hinge position on the support arm and the hinge position of the second side mold 112 is S, the distance between the hinge position on the support arm and the support connecting seat at the side end is also S, and the included angle at the hinge position on the support arm is β, where β is not less than 120°.

[0086] Of course, the first side mold 111 and the second side mold 112 are tightened simultaneously to maintain the overall force balance of the lining trolley.

[0087] Using this method for mold closing (the convergence of the first side mold 111 and the second side mold 112), the mold closing and reliable mold erection can be achieved with the help of a mold-erecting and closing structure that has a force amplification effect. This allows for the mold erection and closing actions of the template to be realized with a smaller number of hydraulic cylinders. This greatly reduces the number of hydraulic cylinders and, while ensuring the reliable operation of the system and normal demolding shrinkage and mold erection, reduces the difficulty of system control.

[0088] In summary, this application provides a lining trolley formwork gathering system and its control method. The arched formwork 110 is designed to be sequentially hinged to the first side formwork 111, the top formwork 113, and the second side formwork 112, allowing both formwork pieces to rotate relative to each other within a set angle range. The top surface of the top frame body 121 of the bracket 120 is axially spaced with multiple bearing units. The two sides of the top frame body 121 and the end of each bearing unit are connected to the inner side of the top formwork 113, enabling support for the top formwork 113. The support mechanism 122 includes a first support part 1221 and a second support part 1222. The first support part 1221 is connected between the bottom surface of the top frame body 121 and the first side formwork 111, and the second support part 1222 is connected between the bottom surface of the top frame body 121 and the second side formwork 112. Parts 1222 are located on both sides of the top frame body 121. Both the first support part 1221 and the second support part 1222 are provided with hinge points, and both can be folded along their hinge points. Telescopic mechanisms 123 are connected between the first support part 1221 and the top frame body 121, and between the second support part 1222 and the top frame body 121. The telescopic mechanism 123 controls the folding or extension of the hinge points of the first support part 1221 and the second support part 1222, thereby driving the first side mold 111 and the second side mold 112 to rotate, realizing the lining trolley's mold taking-up and erection. The lifting mechanism 140 is set on the four corner gantry 130 and is used to lift or lower the four corner gantry 130 to realize the lifting and lowering of the top mold 113. The four corner gantry 130 is set at the bottom of the bracket 120 and is used to carry and support the arched template 110 and the bracket 120. In this way, the extension and folding of the support arm can be controlled by the telescopic mechanism 123, thereby realizing automatic erection and retraction of the formwork. This method can greatly reduce the use of hydraulic cylinders, simplify the structure of the lining trolley, reduce the workload of personnel, reduce costs, and improve construction efficiency.

[0089] In this document, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0090] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A lining trolley formwork termination system, characterized in that, Includes arched formwork, brackets, four corner frames, and lifting mechanism. The arched template includes a first side mold, a second side mold, and a top mold. The first side mold, the top mold, and the second side mold are sequentially hinged to form an arch shape. The first side mold and the top mold, as well as the second side mold and the top mold, can rotate relative to each other within a set angle range. The bracket includes a top frame body, a support mechanism, and a telescopic mechanism; Multiple bearing units are spaced apart along the axial direction on the top surface of the top frame body. The two side ends of the top frame body and the end of each bearing unit are connected to the inner side of the top mold. The support mechanism includes a first support part and a second support part. The first support part is connected between the bottom surface of the top frame body and the first side mold, and the second support part is connected between the bottom surface of the top frame body and the second side mold. The first support part and the second support part are respectively located on both sides of the top frame body. Both the first support part and the second support part are provided with hinge points and can be folded along their hinge points. The telescopic mechanism is connected between the first support part and the top frame body, and between the second support part and the top frame body. The telescopic mechanism controls the folding or extension of the hinge point of the first support part and the second support part, thereby driving the first side mold and the second side mold to rotate, so as to realize the lining trolley's mold retraction and mold erection. The lifting mechanism is located at the bottom of the four corner gantry and is used to lift or lower the four corner gantry to achieve the lifting and lowering of the top mold. The four corner gantry frames are located at the bottom of the bracket and are used to support and bear the arched template and the bracket. The top frame body comprises n top frame sub-units arranged in parallel. Correspondingly, the first support part and the second support part each include a connecting crossbar and n support arms. Each support arm of the first support part has a hinge point at the same position, and its connecting crossbar is connected to each support arm of the first support part so that each support arm of the first support part operates synchronously. Each support arm of the second support part has a hinge point at the same position, and its connecting crossbar is connected to each support arm of the second support part so that each support arm of the second support part operates synchronously. Each of the top frame sub-units has multiple uprights on its top surface. The uprights closer to the center are taller, and the uprights at the same position in each top frame sub-unit are connected to each other. The two uprights closest to the center are spaced the farthest apart. Each of the two sides of the bottom surface of each top frame sub-unit has a telescopic connecting seat and a support connecting seat. For each side of the first and last top frame sub-units, the telescopic connecting seat at the side end is hinged to one end of a telescopic rod, and the support connecting seat at the side end is hinged to one end of a support arm. The other end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the support arm. The hinge position between the telescopic rod and the support arm is also the position where the support arm connects to its connecting crossbar, and the hinge position is higher than the hinge point on the support arm. The following conditions must be met for the setting positions of the telescopic connecting seat and the support connecting seat at each side end, as well as the hinge positions on the corresponding support arms: when the lining trolley template gathering system is in the formwork gathering state, the setting position of the support connecting seat, the hinge position on the corresponding support arm, and the hinge position between the support arm and the side formwork form an obtuse isosceles triangle with an acute angle of α, where α does not exceed 30°.

2. The lining trolley formwork gathering system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side edges at the connection between the first side mold and the top mold, and the side edges at the connection between the second side mold and the top mold are both inclined surfaces. After the first side mold and the second side mold are respectively hinged to the top mold, there is a concave angle at their respective connection points, so that the first side mold and the second side mold can be folded toward the inside of the top mold.

3. The lining trolley formwork gathering system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Sensor mounting points are provided on the first side mold, the second side mold, and the top mold. The sensor mounting point on the top mold is located at the top, the sensor mounting point on the first side mold is located at the first set position, and the sensor mounting point on the second side mold is located at the second set position. The first set position and the second set position are at the same height and are both located at 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the overall height of the arch template. The lining trolley template gathering system also includes a main control device. A distance measuring sensor is installed at each sensor installation point. Each distance measuring sensor is connected to the main control device to obtain real-time distance information between the sensor installation point and the inner wall of the tunnel, and sends the real-time distance information to the main control device so that the main control device can control the operation of the telescopic mechanism.

4. A method for controlling the formwork termination of a lining trolley, characterized in that, The main control equipment used in the lining trolley formwork gathering system as described in claim 3. For the formwork erection process of the lining trolley formwork gathering system, the method includes: Step S11: Obtain the distance to the top wall detected by the distance measuring sensor on the top mold; Step S12: Based on the distance to the top wall, control the operation of the lifting mechanism to raise the top mold to a set height distance, wherein the set height distance is 20-50 cm away from the top wall; Step S13: Obtain the distance to the first sidewall detected by the distance measuring sensor on the first side mold and the distance to the second sidewall detected by the distance measuring sensor on the second side mold; Step S14: Based on the first sidewall distance and the second sidewall distance, control the telescopic mechanism to operate, so that the first side mold and the second side mold move synchronously to the first distance and the second distance respectively, wherein the distance between the first distance and the tunnel inner wall at that location, and the distance between the second distance and the tunnel inner wall at that location, are both greater than the set height distance; Step S15: Based on the distance to the top wall detected in real time by the distance measuring sensor on the top form, control the operation of the lifting mechanism so that the top form moves to a distance of x centimeters from the top wall, where x is the thickness of the tunnel inner wall that needs to be lined. Step S16: Based on the distance to the first side wall detected in real time by the distance measuring sensor on the first side mold and the distance to the second side wall detected in real time by the distance measuring sensor on the second side mold, control the telescopic mechanism to operate so that the distance between the first side mold and the second side mold and the inner wall of the tunnel at that location is x centimeters respectively; The method for the formwork closing process of the lining trolley formwork closing system includes: Step S21: Control the lifting mechanism to lower the top mold to the top mold retraction position; Step S22: Control the telescopic mechanism to retract the first side mold and the second side mold to the first side mold retraction position and the second side mold retraction position, respectively; Step S22 specifically includes: For the retraction of the first side mold: control the extension mechanism corresponding to the first side mold to extend and hold the corresponding support arm to fold from its hinge point until the extension mechanism extends to the retraction position of the first side mold. At this time, the distance between the hinge position on the support arm and the hinge position of the first side mold is S, the distance between the hinge position on the support arm and the support connection seat at the side end is also S, and the included angle at the hinge position on the support arm is β, β is not less than 120°. For the retraction of the second side mold: control the extension mechanism corresponding to the second side mold to extend and hold the corresponding support arm to fold from its hinge point until the extension mechanism extends to the retraction position of the second side mold. At this time, the distance between the hinge position on the support arm and the hinge position of the second side mold is S, the distance between the hinge position on the support arm and the support connection seat at the side end is also S, and the included angle at the hinge position on the support arm is β, where β is not less than 120°.

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