A fully covered automatic engraving machine and its working method

Abstract

An automatic engraving machine with full-coverage operation and a working method thereof belong to the technical field of construction engineering equipment. The engraving machine includes an engraving module arranged on a beam and walking wheels and track wheels connected to lifting legs, providing three degrees of freedom in the lateral, longitudinal and vertical directions, so as to enable the engraving machine to move lateral and longitudinally along the working surface so that the engraving module covers the entire working surface and provides a corresponding cutting depth. According to demand, one or more engraving modules can be hung on the beam, which greatly improves the work efficiency per unit time. At the same time, the whole set of equipment uses hydraulics as the actuator, which greatly reduces the labor intensity and manpower input of personnel. The design of the non-jointed frame greatly reduces the equipment preparation volume, making the fuselage compact and easy to transport; it is suitable for a variety of working environments, and its self-contained knife design not only avoids the blind spot of cutting, but also reduces the process of engraving a group of patterns, thereby improving the work accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an automatic engraving machine for full-coverage operation and a working method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of construction engineering equipment. Background Art

[0002] During road construction or maintenance, a road engraving machine is needed to engrave patterns on cement pavement to increase the friction of the road and prevent vehicles from slipping. Existing road engraving machines generally include single-wire cutting machines and frame-type multi-wire cutting machines. Single-wire cutting machines can only engrave one line each time, and require workers to have certain work experience to operate the machine. During the cutting process, workers are required to hold the direction with both hands, bend over and drag the equipment in the process of cutting to make the texture straight and parallel to other textures. After completing the cutting of one texture, the next cutting needs to be re-aligned and operated, which has high labor costs, low work efficiency and high labor intensity. Although the cantilever multi-wire cutting machine can cut multiple parallel textures at the same time, in order to keep the engraved texture straight, the worker needs to exert greater force to control the machine's forward direction, which increases the difficulty of operation for the worker. The use process is more difficult than single-wire cutting, and the work efficiency still cannot meet the requirements. At the same time, due to structural defects, the cantilever multi-wire cutting machine cannot completely cut the entire working surface under certain special working conditions (such as when there are walls at both ends of the cutting surface, roadbeds higher than the working surface, and other obstacles), resulting in blind spots in the operation. Therefore, it is urgent to design a machine that can automatically realize road engraving without operating barriers. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an automatic engraving machine, which is mainly composed of a mountable engraving module and a motorized module that can provide three degrees of freedom: horizontal, vertical, and plumb. When cutting, the cutting direction is controlled by the transverse crawler of the motorized module and the fuselage is dragged (the cutting direction, i.e., the road width direction, is set to be horizontal, and the road forward direction, i.e., the road length, is set to be vertical). When a set of texture cutting processes is completed, the traveling wheels of the motorized module are lowered, the fuselage is lifted and moved to the next working surface. After reaching the next working surface, the traveling wheels are retracted, the fuselage is carried by the crawler wheels, and the cutting direction is fine-tuned by the crawler wheels. After the direction is accurate, the self-contained knife engraving module is lowered to perform cutting operations, which is repeated over and over again. The whole process is executed by the hydraulic system, and the operator intervenes through remote control.

[0004] In order to solve the technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an automatic engraving machine with full coverage operation, which includes a beam, and the two ends of the beam are respectively provided with walking wheels for longitudinal movement and crawler wheels for lateral movement through lifting legs, and the middle of the beam is provided with a mounted self-feeding knife engraving module through a connecting frame;

[0005] A knife shaft assembly moving guide rail and a ball screw are arranged below the knife shaft assembly fixing frame in the mounted self-contained knife engraving module. The knife shaft assembly is hoisted on the knife shaft assembly moving guide rail through a knife shaft limiting slider. The knife shaft outer cover fixed on the knife shaft assembly is connected to the ball screw through a screw nut. The forward and reverse rotation of the ball screw controls the knife shaft assembly to reciprocate along the knife shaft assembly moving guide rail.

[0006] A column is arranged on the knife shaft assembly fixing frame, an upper column positioning plate is arranged on the top of the column, and a lower column positioning plate is arranged on the bottom of the column; a diesel engine base is arranged on the column through an embedded guide flange, and the diesel engine fixed on the diesel engine base can reciprocate up and down along the column;

[0007] The mounted self-sufficient knife engraving module is also provided with a linkage push rod, and the two ends of the linkage push rod are respectively connected to the diesel engine output shaft and the knife shaft assembly input shaft through a hollow nut-bearing structure, and the two ends of the linkage push rod can rotate around the shaft without interfering with the rotation of the internal shaft; the hollow nut-bearing structure adopts a hollow nut arranged on the outside of the shaft, and a push rod bearing and a push rod bearing seat are arranged on the outer periphery of the hollow nut, and the push rod bearing seat is connected to the linkage push rod; the hollow nut at the input shaft of the knife shaft assembly is fixedly connected to the knife shaft outer cover, and the hollow nut at the output shaft of the diesel engine is fixed to the output end face of the engine housing;

[0008] The driving V-belt acts on the diesel engine wheel and the cutter shaft wheel; when the cutter shaft assembly reciprocates laterally along the cutter shaft assembly sliding guide rail, the diesel engine is caused to reciprocate up and down through the action of the linkage push rod; when the cutter shaft assembly is at the end point of the cutter shaft assembly sliding guide rail, the diesel engine is located at the bottom end of the column and is at the lower limit position; when the cutter shaft assembly is at the midpoint of the cutter shaft assembly sliding guide rail, the diesel engine is lifted to the upper limit position.

[0009] One or more mounted self-contained knife engraving modules can be arranged on the beam.

[0010] A working method of an automatic engraving machine for full-coverage operation comprises the following steps:

[0011] a) Longitudinal movement along the length of the road surface

[0012] When the engraving machine is working, the crawler wheels are retracted upwards by the lifting legs connected to the crawler wheels, the traveling wheels are lowered by the lifting legs connected to the traveling wheels, and the engraving machine is lifted and longitudinally moved to the next working surface to be cut by extending the lifting legs;

[0013] b) Cutting work in the depth direction of the road surface

[0014] The engraving machine moves to the working surface to be cut, the traveling wheels are retracted, and the track wheels are lowered; at this time, the cutter shaft assembly is at the end point of the cutter shaft assembly sliding guide rail, and both the cutter shaft assembly and the side edge of the track wheel are on the starting point working line of the working surface to be cut; the engraving depth is controlled by the lifting legs connected to the track wheels;

[0015] c) Cutting work in the width direction of the road surface

[0016] The track wheel drives the engraving machine to perform cutting work in the width direction of the road surface. When the side of the track wheel reaches the lateral dead point of the working surface, the track wheel stops lateral movement; at this time, the knife shaft assembly continues to move forward for cutting work driven by the ball screw, and at the same time, the linkage push rod pushes the diesel engine to move upward along the column. When the knife shaft assembly moves to the midpoint of the knife shaft assembly sliding guide rail, the diesel engine is lifted to the upper limit position; when the knife shaft assembly continues to move, the linkage push rod pulls the diesel engine to move downward along the column, and stops working when the knife shaft assembly moves to the lateral dead point of the working surface; at this time, the diesel engine falls back to the lower limit position, ready to enter the next round of working cycle.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the engraving machine includes an engraving module arranged on the beam and walking wheels and track wheels connected to the lifting legs. There is no need for manual intervention in the actual cutting work. The mountable modular self-contained knife engraving module can be mounted on one device with one or more engraving modules according to user needs (the attached figure shows the case of three modules being mounted), which greatly improves the work efficiency per unit time. At the same time, the whole set of equipment uses hydraulics as the actuator, which changes the personnel from executors to controllers, greatly reducing the labor intensity and manual input of the personnel in the engraving construction. The design of the non-jointed frame greatly reduces the equipment preparation volume, making the fuselage compact and convenient for transportation while being applicable to a variety of working environments. The design of the self-contained knife not only avoids the blind spot of cutting, but also reduces the process of engraving a group of patterns, thereby improving the work accuracy from another direction.

[0018] At the same time, the cutter shaft assembly pushes and pulls the diesel engine up and down through the linkage push rod to reciprocate, realizing the cutting of the blind area under the engraving module and eliminating the blind area of ​​the operation. At the same time, it provides three degrees of freedom in the horizontal (along the road width), vertical (along the road length) and plumb direction (i.e. the vertical direction of the working surface), realizing the horizontal and vertical movement of the engraving machine along the working surface so that the engraving module A can cover the entire working surface and provide the corresponding cutting depth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a stereoscopic image of an automatic engraving machine that operates in a full coverage manner.

[0020] Figure 2 This is the front view of the mounted self-contained knife engraving module.

[0021] Figure 3This is the left side view of the mounted self-contained knife engraving module.

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A is an enlarged view of the middle image.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a top view of the mounted self-contained knife engraving module.

[0024] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of B.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a partial cross-sectional view of A.

[0026] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Enlarged view of C in the middle.

[0027] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the working process of the engraving machine.

[0028] In the figure: 1. diesel engine, 1a. diesel engine wheel, 2. connecting frame, 3. positioning plate on column, 4. column, 5. diesel engine base, 6. positioning plate under column, 7. knife shaft assembly fixing frame, 8. knife shaft assembly sliding guide rail, 9. driving V-belt, 10. knife shaft outer cover, 11. knife shaft assembly, 12. linkage push rod, 12a. push rod bearing seat, 12b. push rod bearing, 13. ball screw, 14. spray dust removal cooling device, 15. embedded guide flange, 16. knife shaft limiting slider, 17. hollow nut, 18. screw nut, 19. diesel engine output shaft, 20. knife shaft assembly input shaft, 20a. knife shaft wheel, 21. beam, 22. walking wheel, 23. track wheel, 24. lifting leg. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, rather than all the contents.

[0030] The solution to the key technical problem of the present invention is: a fully automatic road engraving machine, which mainly includes the following two modules: A mounted self-contained knife engraving module and B motorized module. (See attached Figure 1 )

[0031] Figures 2 to 8The structure of the mounted self-contained knife engraving module is shown in the figure, wherein the diesel engine 1 is fixed to the diesel engine base 5 by bolts using the mounting holes at the bottom, and the embedded guide flanges 15 are installed at the four corners of the diesel engine base 5 to ensure that the diesel engine base 5 is closely matched with the column 4 and can stably reciprocate along the column direction. The upper column positioning plates 3 and the lower column positioning plates 6 at both ends of the column 4 mainly play the role of determining the concentricity of the four columns, ensuring that the diesel engine base 5 can slide smoothly along the column 4, and the column 4 and the knife shaft The knife shaft assembly is connected to a fixed frame 7, a knife shaft assembly sliding guide rail 8 is installed under the knife shaft assembly fixed frame 7, and the knife shaft assembly 11 is hoisted under the knife shaft assembly fixed frame 7 through a knife shaft limiting slider 16, while ensuring that the knife shaft assembly 11 can stably reciprocate along the guide rail. A ball screw 13 is installed in the middle of the two guide rails. After being connected to the knife shaft outer cover 10 through a screw nut 18, the ball screw 13 can be driven forward and reversely to control the knife shaft assembly 11 to slide back and forth along the knife shaft assembly sliding guide rail 8 under the frame.

[0032] The cutter shaft assembly 11 is connected to the diesel engine 1 through a linkage push rod 12, and the two ends of the linkage push rod 12 are respectively connected to the diesel engine output shaft 19 and the cutter shaft assembly input shaft 20 through a hollow nut-bearing structure; at the cutter shaft assembly input shaft 20, the hollow nut 17 is threadedly connected and locked with the through hole on the right side of the cutter shaft outer cover 10, and is arranged on the outer periphery of the cutter shaft assembly input shaft 20 without contact; the inner ring end face of the push rod bearing 12b is locked with the right end face of the cutter shaft outer cover 10, the inner ring of the push rod bearing 12b acts on the outer periphery of the hollow nut 17, and the outer ring of the push rod bearing 12b acts on the push rod bearing seat 12a, ensuring that the linkage push rod 12 can rotate around the hollow nut 17 without interfering with the rotation of the cutter shaft assembly input shaft 20 in its inner ring. The other end is connected to the diesel engine end in the same way. At the diesel engine output shaft 19, the hollow nut is threadedly connected to the inner circle thread of the output end face of the diesel engine housing. The hollow nut is arranged on the outside of the diesel engine output shaft 19 without contacting it. The outer side of the hollow nut then acts on the linkage push rod through the bearing and the bearing seat in turn, ensuring that the linkage push rod 12 can rotate around the hollow nut here without interfering with the rotation of the diesel engine output shaft 19 in its inner circle.

[0033] After the two ends of the linkage push rod 12 are respectively connected to the diesel engine 1 and the knife shaft assembly 11 through bearing clamping, it can be realized that it can revolve around the diesel engine output shaft 19 and the knife shaft input shaft 20 without interfering with their normal rotation. The middle part of the linkage push rod 12 is a screw structure, and the length can be adjusted to ensure that the constant distance between the knife shaft assembly 11 and the diesel engine 1 does not change with the knife shaft sliding process, thereby ensuring the required tensioning degree of the transmission V-belt 9 to achieve the requirement of stable power transmission. In this way, the linkage between the knife shaft assembly 11 and the diesel engine 1 is realized, and at the same time, the power of the diesel engine 1 is transmitted to the knife shaft through the transmission V-belt 9 without interfering. When the knife shaft assembly 11 is located at any end point of the knife shaft assembly sliding guide rail 8, the diesel engine 1 is located at the vertical At the bottom of column 4 (the lower limit of the displacement of diesel engine 1), if the knife shaft assembly is driven by the ball screw to slide toward the other end of the knife shaft assembly sliding guide rail 8, the axis point of the diesel engine output shaft, the axis point of the knife shaft assembly input shaft and the midpoint of the knife shaft assembly sliding guide rail will form a right triangle, which obeys the three-side relationship of the Pythagorean theorem. At this time, the knife shaft assembly 11 is displaced toward the midpoint of the knife shaft assembly sliding guide rail 8. Since the constant distance between the knife shaft assembly 11 and the diesel engine 1 remains unchanged, the diesel engine 1 will be affected by the vertical component force from the linkage push rod 12, and will begin to be lifted by the linkage push rod 12 along the direction of column 4 (i.e., the vertical direction). When the knife shaft assembly 11 moves to the midpoint of the knife shaft assembly sliding guide rail 8, the diesel engine 1 is lifted to the upper limit of the displacement. The knife shaft assembly 11 continues to slide along the knife shaft assembly sliding guide rail 8. At this time, the gravity of the diesel engine 1 reacts to the knife shaft assembly 11 through the linkage push rod 12. The knife shaft assembly 11 continues to slide, and the diesel engine 1 is also slowly lowered. The knife shaft assembly 11 is driven by the ball screw 13 to slide from one end of the knife shaft assembly sliding guide rail 8 to the other end. In this process, the diesel engine 1 is lifted from the lower limit point of displacement to the upper limit point of displacement and then returns to the lower limit point, and vice versa; at this point, a working cycle of the mounted engraving module A is realized.

[0034] The frame of the engraving machine mainly includes a running wheel 22, a crawler wheel 23, a lifting leg 24 and a fuselage beam 21. The running wheel 22 and the crawler wheel 23 are respectively connected to the fuselage beam 21 through the lifting leg 24. One or more self-contained knife engraving modules can be mounted on the beam 21 according to the actual working conditions. The motorized module provides three degrees of freedom in the horizontal direction (along the width of the road), the longitudinal direction (along the length of the road) and the vertical direction (i.e. the vertical direction of the working surface) for the mounted engraving module. The role of the motorized module is to carry and drive the equipment to move horizontally and longitudinally along the working surface so that the engraving module A can cover the entire working surface and provide the corresponding cutting depth.

[0035] After the hydraulic oil flows out of the oil tank, it flows through the oil filter and is pumped to the electromagnetic distribution valve by the hydraulic oil pump (the hydraulic oil pump is connected to the diesel engine power of the mountable engraving module). The electromagnetic distribution valve then distributes the high-pressure oil to each actuator to complete the execution of each action; independent reversing, independent pressure regulation and pressure relief are realized. The synchronization valve realizes the synchronization of the hydraulic cylinders in groups of two to ensure the horizontal balance of the equipment. The hydraulic cylinders are independently equipped with a two-way hydraulic lock to ensure the safety of the hydraulic cylinders under non-working conditions. The hydraulic motor provides the necessary conditions for driving the various module components of the equipment (a hydraulic speed regulating valve is also independently set to realize the speed control of any hydraulic motor). Further, the lifting, horizontal and vertical displacement, and sliding of the knife shaft assembly components of the entire equipment driven by hydraulic pressure are realized.

[0036] After the radio control module and the electromagnetic reversing valve are electrically connected, the start and stop of the equipment, emergency shutdown, and maneuvering of each component can be controlled, and the construction personnel only need to control it through the transmitter on the side.

[0037] Fig. 9 A working method of an automatic engraving machine for full coverage operation is shown, comprising the following steps:

[0038] a) Longitudinal movement along the length of the road surface

[0039] When the engraving machine is working, the crawler wheels are retracted upwards by the lifting legs connected to the crawler wheels, the traveling wheels are lowered by the lifting legs connected to the traveling wheels, and the engraving machine is lifted and longitudinally moved to the next working surface to be cut by extending the lifting legs;

[0040] b) Cutting work in the depth direction of the road surface

[0041] The engraving machine moves to the working surface to be cut, the traveling wheels are retracted, and the track wheels are lowered; at this time, the cutter shaft assembly is at the end point of the cutter shaft assembly sliding guide rail, and both the cutter shaft assembly and the side edge of the track wheel are on the starting point working line of the working surface to be cut; the engraving depth is controlled by the lifting legs connected to the track wheels;

[0042] c) Cutting work in the width direction of the road surface

[0043] The track wheel drives the engraving machine to perform cutting work in the width direction of the road surface. When the side of the track wheel reaches the lateral dead point of the working surface, the track wheel stops lateral movement; at this time, the knife shaft assembly continues to move forward for cutting work driven by the ball screw, and at the same time, the linkage push rod pushes the diesel engine to move upward along the column. When the knife shaft assembly moves to the midpoint of the knife shaft assembly sliding guide rail, the diesel engine is lifted to the upper limit position; when the knife shaft assembly continues to move, the linkage push rod pulls the diesel engine to move downward along the column, and stops working when the knife shaft assembly moves to the lateral dead point of the working surface; at this time, the diesel engine falls back to the lower limit position, ready to enter the next round of working cycle.

Claims

1. An automatic engraving machine for full-coverage operation, comprising a beam (21), characterized in that: The two ends of the beam (21) are respectively provided with walking wheels (22) for longitudinal movement and track wheels (23) for lateral movement via lifting legs (24), and the middle of the beam (21) is provided with a mounted self-contained knife engraving module via a connecting frame (2); A knife shaft assembly sliding guide rail (8) and a ball screw (13) are arranged below the knife shaft assembly fixed frame (7) in the mounted self-contained knife engraving module; the knife shaft assembly (11) is hoisted on the knife shaft assembly sliding guide rail (8) via a knife shaft limiting slider (16); a knife shaft outer cover (10) fixed on the knife shaft assembly (11) is connected to the ball screw (13) via a screw nut (18); the forward and reverse rotation of the ball screw (13) controls the knife shaft assembly (11) to reciprocate along the knife shaft assembly sliding guide rail (8); A column (4) is arranged on the knife shaft assembly fixed frame (7); a column upper positioning plate (3) is arranged at the top of the column (4), and a column lower positioning plate (6) is arranged at the bottom of the column (4); a diesel engine base (5) is arranged on the column (4) via an embedded guide flange (15); and a diesel engine (1) fixed on the diesel engine base (5) can reciprocate up and down along the column (4); The mounted self-contained knife engraving module is further provided with a linkage push rod (12), the two ends of the linkage push rod (12) being connected to the diesel engine output shaft (19) and the knife shaft assembly input shaft (20) respectively through a hollow nut-bearing structure, the two ends of the linkage push rod (12) being able to rotate around the shaft while not interfering with the rotation of the internal shaft; the hollow nut-bearing structure adopts a hollow nut (17) arranged on the outside of the shaft, a push rod bearing (12b) and a push rod bearing seat (12a) are arranged on the outer periphery of the hollow nut (17), and the push rod bearing seat (12a) is connected to the linkage push rod (12); the hollow nut at the knife shaft assembly input shaft (20) is fixedly connected to the right end face of the knife shaft outer cover (10), and the hollow nut at the diesel engine output shaft (19) is fixed to the output end face of the diesel engine housing; The transmission V-belt (9) acts on the diesel engine wheel (1a) and the cutter shaft wheel (20a); when the cutter shaft assembly (11) moves back and forth laterally along the cutter shaft assembly sliding guide rail (8), the diesel engine (1) moves back and forth up and down through the action of the linkage push rod (12); when the cutter shaft assembly (11) is at the end point of the cutter shaft assembly sliding guide rail (8), the diesel engine (1) is located at the bottom end of the column (4) and is at the lower limit position; when the cutter shaft assembly (11) is at the midpoint of the cutter shaft assembly sliding guide rail (8), the diesel engine (1) is lifted to the upper limit position.

2. The full-coverage automatic engraving machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: One or more mounted self-contained knife engraving modules may be arranged on the beam (21).

3. The full-coverage automatic engraving machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The engraving machine is also provided with a hydraulic drive module and a radio control module.

4. The working method of the full-coverage automatic engraving machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following working modes are included: a) Longitudinal movement along the length of the road surface When the engraving machine is working, the crawler wheel (23) is retracted upwards by the lifting legs (24) connected to the crawler wheel (23), the traveling wheel (22) is lowered by the lifting legs (24) connected to the traveling wheel (22), and the engraving machine is lifted and longitudinally moved to the next working surface to be cut by extending the lifting legs (24); b) Cutting work in the depth direction of the road surface The engraving machine moves to the working surface to be cut, the walking wheel (22) is retracted, and the track wheel (23) is lowered; at this time, the cutter shaft assembly (11) is at the end point of the cutter shaft assembly sliding guide rail (8), and the side edge of the track wheel (23) is both on the starting point working line of the working surface to be cut; the engraving depth is controlled by the lifting leg (24) connected to the track wheel (23); c) Cutting work in the width direction of the road surface The track wheel (23) drives the engraving machine to perform cutting work in the width direction of the road surface. When the side of the track wheel (23) reaches the lateral stop point of the working surface, the track wheel (23) stops lateral movement. At this time, the cutter shaft assembly (11) continues to move forward to perform cutting work under the drive of the ball screw (13). At the same time, the linkage push rod (12) pushes the diesel engine (1) to move upward along the column (4). When the cutter shaft assembly (11) moves to the midpoint of the cutter shaft assembly sliding guide rail (8), the diesel engine (1) is lifted to the upper limit position. When the cutter shaft assembly (11) continues to move, the linkage push rod (12) pulls the diesel engine (1) to move downward along the column (4). When the cutter shaft assembly (11) moves to the lateral stop point of the working surface, it stops working. At this time, the diesel engine (1) falls back to the lower limit position and is ready to enter the next round of working cycle.

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