M cycle-based shell-and-tube heat exchanger and air conditioner

Abstract

The application firstly provides a shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on M cycle, which comprises a heat insulation shell, a plurality of coaxial heat conducting cylinders are arranged in the heat insulation shell, the heat conducting cylinder comprises an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder which are coaxially arranged and have open ends, a gap is arranged between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, a gap is arranged between adjacent heat conducting cylinders, the gap between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder of each heat conducting cylinder forms a dry channel, the gap between adjacent two heat conducting cylinders forms a wet channel, a flow dividing area is arranged at one end of the dry channel outlet in the heat insulation shell, and a water film is arranged on the outer cylinder at one side of the wet channel. The countercurrent refrigeration channels between different layers can absorb heat and promote the refrigeration process during work, the refrigeration effect is enhanced, the cooling range is large, the M cycle principle refrigeration is realized by a more compact tubular mechanism, and larger refrigeration capacity can be obtained under unit volume. The application further provides an air conditioner.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of dew point indirect evaporative air conditioning, in particular to a tube-shell heat exchanger and air conditioner based on M cycle. BACKGROUND

[0002] The mainstream of the current refrigeration air conditioning market is the compression type air conditioner, which consumes a large amount of energy when the compressor compresses air. Whether or not the frequency conversion energy saving technology is used, the performance coefficient COP is maintained at 3-4, and the energy saving effect cannot be essentially improved. The emerging evaporative energy saving air conditioner uses water evaporation to exchange heat with the air flowing into the heat exchanger to achieve the purpose of cooling. Although the energy saving effect is greatly improved in essence, the COP is more than twice that of the compression type air conditioner, but due to the insufficient structure design, the cooling range is small, the refrigeration work efficiency is low, and the unit area refrigeration capacity is low, which cannot meet the refrigeration demand.

[0003] Therefore, based on the principle of evaporative refrigeration, a new type of heat exchanger structure is designed, and an air conditioner with low energy consumption, large cooling range, high work efficiency and high unit area refrigeration capacity is developed to meet the large-scale refrigeration demand. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a tube-shell heat exchanger and air conditioner based on M cycle, which uses a more compact tubular structure to obtain greater refrigeration capacity per unit volume.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme:

[0006] The present application first provides a tube-shell heat exchanger based on M cycle, which comprises a heat insulation shell, a plurality of coaxial heat conducting cylinders are arranged in the heat insulation shell, the heat conducting cylinder comprises an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder which are coaxially arranged and have open ends, a gap is arranged between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, a gap is arranged between adjacent heat conducting cylinders, the gap between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder of each heat conducting cylinder forms a dry channel, the gap between adjacent two heat conducting cylinders forms a wet channel, a shunt area is arranged at one end of the dry channel outlet in the heat insulation shell, and a water film is arranged on one side of the outer cylinder where the wet channel is located.

[0007] Further, it further comprises a fixing mechanism for keeping all the heat conducting cylinders relatively fixed, the fixing mechanism comprises a radial fixing mechanism for keeping the heat conducting cylinders concentric and an axial fixing mechanism for preventing the heat conducting cylinders from relatively sliding in the axial direction.

[0008] Further, the radial fixing mechanism comprises a fixing column arranged in the heat insulation shell along the axial direction of the heat insulation shell, all the heat conducting cylinders are coaxial with the fixing column and located outside the fixing column, the fixing column is provided with fixing blocks in the radial direction thereof, the heat conducting cylinders are provided with first clearance gaps for accommodating the fixing blocks, and the outer wall of the heat conducting cylinders at the first clearance gaps is connected with the outer wall of the fixing blocks.

[0009] Further, the heat conducting cylinders are provided with hollow fan ring structures perpendicular to the axial direction, and the first clearance gaps for accommodating the fixing blocks are formed at both ends of the hollow fan ring structures.

[0010] Further, the fixing blocks are connected with the heat insulation shell.

[0011] Further, the axial fixing mechanism comprises a fixing plate, and one end of the heat conducting cylinder is arranged on the fixing plate.

[0012] Further, the fixing plate is arranged on the heat insulation shell.

[0013] Further, one end of the water film extends to the outside of the heat insulation shell, and the heat insulation shell is provided with a second clearance gap for accommodating the water film.

[0014] Further, the heat insulation shell is provided with a fan at each end.

[0015] The application further provides an air conditioner comprising the shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0016] The application has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on M cycle of the application can form dry channels between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder of the heat conducting cylinder, form wet channels between adjacent heat conducting cylinders, and enable the countercurrent refrigeration channels between different layers to absorb heat and promote the refrigeration process during operation, thereby enhancing the refrigeration effect, reducing the cooling range, and realizing the refrigeration of M cycle principle in a more compact tubular mechanism, so that greater refrigeration capacity can be obtained per unit volume.

[0018] Other advantages, objects, and features of the application will be set forth in part in the following specification taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art from a consideration of the following specification and drawings, or can be learned from the practice of the application. The objects and other advantages of the application can be realized and attained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations pointed out in the following specification. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the application clearer, the application provides the following drawings for description:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an embodiment of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a front view of an embodiment of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Sectional view of AA;

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 4 BB section view;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a heat-conducting cylinder;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the heat insulation shell;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the M-loop principle.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature change in the dry channel of a conventional flat-plate counter-current indirect evaporative heat exchanger.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature change in the dry channel of the tubular counter-current dew point indirect evaporation water-cooled heat exchanger of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 11 The simulated cooling range of a conventional flat-plate countercurrent dew point indirect evaporation heat exchange structure.

[0031] Figure 12 The simulated cooling range of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of this invention.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0033] 1-Insulated outer shell; 2-Heat-conducting cylinder; 201-Inner cylinder; 202-Outer cylinder; 3-Dry channel; 4-Wet channel; 5-Water film; 6-Fixing column; 7-Fixing block; 8-First clearance notch; 9-Fixing plate; 10-Second clearance notch; 11-Diversion zone. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments described are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0035] Example 1 - M-cycle based shell-and-tube heat exchanger

[0036] As shown in Figures 1-5 The present application discloses an M-cycle based shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger of the present embodiment comprises an insulated shell 1 which separates the low-temperature environment inside the heat exchanger from the outside to maintain the internal cooling process, and three coaxial heat-conducting cylinders 2 are arranged in the insulated shell 1. In the present embodiment, the heat-conducting cylinders 2 are made of aluminum material, and each heat-conducting cylinder 2 comprises an inner cylinder 201 and an outer cylinder 202 which are coaxially arranged and have both ends open, and a gap is arranged between the inner cylinder 201 and the outer cylinder 202. A gap is also arranged between adjacent heat-conducting cylinders 2. The gap between the inner cylinder 201 and the outer cylinder 202 of each heat-conducting cylinder 2 forms a dry channel 3, and the gap between adjacent heat-conducting cylinders 2 forms a wet channel 4. In the present embodiment, the space between the left end of the insulated shell 1 and the left end of the heat-conducting cylinder 2 forms a shunt area 11, and a water film 5 is arranged on one side of the outer cylinder 202 where the wet channel 4 is located. In the present embodiment, the water film 5 is formed by sticking the natural fiber after absorbing water to the outer surface of the heat-conducting cylinder 2, and one end of the water film 5 extends to the outside of the insulated shell 1. A second clearance gap 10 is arranged on the insulated shell 1 for accommodating the water film 5, and the water film 5 extends to the outside of the insulated shell 1 through the second clearance gap 10 and is connected with a water source to facilitate continuous replenishment of water in the water film 5.

[0037] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5 The shell-and-tube heat exchanger of the present embodiment further comprises a fixing mechanism for keeping all the heat-conducting cylinders 2 relatively fixed, which comprises a radial fixing mechanism for keeping the heat-conducting cylinders 2 concentric and an axial fixing mechanism for preventing the heat-conducting cylinders 2 from relatively sliding along the axial direction.

[0038] Specifically, the radial fixing mechanism of the present embodiment comprises a fixing column 6 arranged in the insulated shell 1 along the axial direction of the insulated shell 1, and all the heat-conducting cylinders 2 are coaxial with the fixing column 6 and located outside the fixing column 6. A fixing block 7 is arranged on the fixing column 6 along the radial direction thereof, and a first clearance gap 8 is arranged on the heat-conducting cylinder 2 for accommodating the fixing block 7. The water film 5 also extends to the outside of the heat-conducting cylinder 2 through the first clearance gap 8. As shown in Figure 6 In the present embodiment, the cross section of the heat-conducting cylinder 2 perpendicular to the axial direction is arranged in a hollow fan ring structure, and the first clearance gap 8 for accommodating the fixing block 7 is formed at both ends of the hollow fan ring structure. The outer wall at the first clearance gap 8 of the heat-conducting cylinder 2 is connected with the outer wall of the fixing block 7, and in specific implementation, the outer wall at the first clearance gap 8 can be bonded with the outer wall of the fixing block 7. The axial fixing mechanism comprises a fixing plate 9, and one end of the heat-conducting cylinder 2 is arranged on the fixing plate 9. The fixing block 7 is connected with the insulated shell 1, and the fixing plate 9 is arranged on the insulated shell 1 to ensure the air tightness of the inside of the heat exchanger.

[0039] The heat insulation shell 1 of the embodiment is provided with a fan at each end, so that the heat exchanger can press the air flow into and out of the heat exchanger when refrigerating.

[0040] As shown in Figure 8 , it is a M cycle schematic diagram, and the working process is as follows: hot air with low water vapor content (dry air) in the environment is blown into the dry channel inlet by the fan, and is separated at the shunt area at the end of the dry channel, and part of the dry air flows back into the wet channel. The wet channel and the dry channel are separated by a heat-conducting material, and the surface of the wet channel of the heat-conducting material is covered with a water film. When the dry air flowing back into the wet channel flows through the surface of the water film, the water in the water film diffuses (evaporates) into the dry air due to the difference in water vapor concentration, and the energy required for the evaporation process is the latent heat of the water, and the latent heat comes from the internal energy of the water, so the temperature of the water film decreases. In order to maintain the stability of the energy in the wet channel, part of the energy comes from the heat transfer of the heat-conducting material, that is, the heat is transferred from the dry channel to the wet channel through the heat-conducting material, which causes the temperature of the dry channel to decrease. When the dry air in the wet channel flows back to promote water evaporation, the water vapor content of the dry air increases, and gradually becomes saturated wet air, and at the same time, the evaporation effect is weakened, and the temperature in the wet channel is closer to the temperature of the dry air in the environment. After the backflow process in the wet channel is completed, the wet air (working air) is blown out of the wet channel outlet by the fan. The evaporation process in the wet channel and the temperature reduction process in the dry channel are carried out synchronously, so that the air flow along the dry channel is cooled to become cold air, and after reaching a steady state, the cold air (product air) that does not flow back into the wet channel flows out of the dry channel outlet.

[0041] The tube-shell heat exchanger of the embodiment: when the air flow flows, the hot air with low water vapor content (dry air) enters the heat exchanger from the dry channel 3 inlet of each heat-conducting cylinder 2, and after flowing through the dry channel 3, the dry channel 3 air flow converges and shunts at the shunt area 11 at the right end, and part of the air flow flows back into the wet channel 4 between the heat-conducting cylinders 2 and promotes water evaporation to consume heat. In order to maintain the stability of the evaporation process, the heat-conducting cylinder 2 absorbs heat from the space between the adjacent dry channels 3, so that the temperature in the dry channel 3 decreases, and the air in the wet channel 4 reaches saturation and is discharged from the wet channel 4 outlet at the left end. Figure 5 Figure 5 After reaching a steady state, the temperature at the end of the dry channel 3 reaches the lowest, and part of the air flow generated by the shunting becomes cold product air flow, which is blown out by the fan connected to the left end of the heat insulation shell 1. Figure 5

[0042] The tube-shell heat exchanger of the present application uses a more compact tubular structure, and can obtain greater refrigeration capacity per unit volume; a plurality of backflow refrigeration channels are arranged in layers and nested, so that the backflow refrigeration channels between different layers promote each other in the heat absorption and refrigeration process when working, thereby enhancing the refrigeration effect and reducing the temperature amplitude.

[0043] As shown in Figures 9-12 ​​As shown in the simulation test conducted under the same intake conditions, channel height, and channel length, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of this invention has a significant advantage in cooling amplitude compared to the commonly used flat-plate counter-flow structure. Furthermore, the multi-layered channels used in this invention are themselves equivalent to well-insulated materials, further reducing the impact of the external environment on the cooling effect within the channels. Only a thin layer of insulation material needs to be added to the outer shell, resulting in a smaller air conditioner volume.

[0044] Example 2 - Air Conditioner

[0045] The air conditioner in this embodiment includes a shell-and-tube heat exchanger as described in Embodiment 1. It is smaller in size compared to conventional air conditioners.

[0046] The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments provided to fully illustrate the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are all within the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on the M-cycle, characterized in that: The device includes a heat-insulating shell (1), which contains a plurality of coaxial heat-conducting cylinders (2). Each heat-conducting cylinder (2) includes an inner cylinder (201) and an outer cylinder (202) that are coaxially arranged and open at both ends. There is a gap between the inner cylinder (201) and the outer cylinder (202), and there is a gap between adjacent heat-conducting cylinders (2). The gap between the inner cylinder (201) and the outer cylinder (202) of each heat-conducting cylinder (2) forms a dry channel (3), and the gap between two adjacent heat-conducting cylinders (2) forms a wet channel (4). A diversion area (11) is provided at one end of the outlet of the dry channel (3) inside the heat-insulating shell (1), and a water film (5) is provided on the side of the outer cylinder (202) where the wet channel (4) is located. It also includes a fixing mechanism for keeping all the heat-conducting cylinders (2) relatively fixed, the fixing mechanism including a radial fixing mechanism for keeping the heat-conducting cylinders (2) concentric and an axial fixing mechanism for preventing the heat-conducting cylinders (2) from sliding relative to each other in the axial direction; The radial fixing mechanism includes a fixing column (6) arranged in the heat insulation shell (1) along the axial direction of the heat insulation shell (1). All the heat-conducting cylinders (2) are coaxial with the fixing column (6) and located outside the fixing column (6). The fixing column (6) is provided with a fixing block (7) along its radial direction. The heat-conducting cylinder (2) is provided with a first clearance notch (8) for making way for the fixing block (7). The outer wall of the first clearance notch (8) of the heat-conducting cylinder (2) is connected to the outer wall of the fixing block (7). Fans are provided at both ends of the heat insulation shell (1).

2. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on the M-cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-conducting cylinder (2) has a hollow fan ring structure in the cross section perpendicular to the axial direction, and a first clearance notch (8) is formed at both ends of the hollow fan ring structure to make way for the fixed block (7).

3. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on the M-cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing block (7) is connected to the heat insulation shell (1).

4. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on the M-cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial fixing mechanism includes a fixing plate (9), and one end of the heat-conducting cylinder (2) is disposed on the fixing plate (9).

5. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing plate (9) is disposed on the heat insulation shell (1).

6. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on the M-cycle according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: One end of the water film (5) extends outside the heat insulation shell (1), and the heat insulation shell (1) is provided with a second clearance notch (10) for making way for the water film (5).

7. An air conditioner, characterized in that: Including the shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on the M-cycle as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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