Data processing method and device of passive optical network system and passive optical network system

Abstract

This invention provides a data processing method, apparatus, and passive optical network (PON) system. The method includes: allocating a first portion of bandwidth to a first optical network unit (ONU) within a first time window, wherein the first ONU has completed registration and is in an operational state; receiving a first data frame from the first ONU within a time corresponding to the first portion of bandwidth; and detecting a second data frame from a second ONU within the first time window, wherein the second ONU has not yet completed registration. This solves the problem of transmission delay in the PON system caused by the quiet window during the ONU registration process, which prevents the system from meeting the low-latency requirements for carrying mobile services, thus achieving the effect of reducing the transmission delay of the PON system and meeting the low-latency requirements for carrying mobile services.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of passive optical networks, and more specifically, to a data processing method, apparatus, and passive optical network system for a passive optical network system. Background Technology

[0002] Passive Optical Network (PON) architecture is a point-to-multipoint network architecture. A PON consists of an Optical Line Terminal (OLT), an Optical Distribution Network (ODN), and Optical Network Units (ONUs). Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a passive optical network architecture based on relevant technologies, such as... Figure 1 As shown, an optical line terminal (OLT) can be connected to multiple optical network units (ONUs) through an optical distribution network, where the distances between each ONU and the OLT vary. A passive optical network system (PON) can limit the maximum distance between ONUs and the OLT, as well as the maximum difference in distance between ONUs and the OLT.

[0003] In passive optical network (PON) systems, optical network units (ONUs) typically need to complete a registration process jointly with optical line terminals (OLTs). This process may include, but is not limited to, the OLT acquiring information about the ONU and the OLT testing the logical distance between itself and the ONU. During the ONU registration process, the OLT cannot know the logical distance to the ONU in advance, and therefore cannot determine when the registration information frame sent by the ONU will arrive at the OLT. The registration information frame sent by the ONU arrives at the OLT within a time window. The start time of this time window is the earliest time when the registration information frame sent by the ONU closest to the OLT arrives at the OLT, and the end time is the latest time when the registration information frame sent by the ONU farthest from the OLT arrives at the OLT. Within this time window, if a normally functioning ONU that has already completed registration sends an uplink data frame, it may conflict with the registration information frame sent by the ONU currently registering. This could cause the uplink data frame sent by the normally functioning ONU to be corrupted and unable to be correctly parsed by the OLT, resulting in data loss. Therefore, in existing passive optical network systems, during this time window, normally functioning optical network units do not send uplink data frames to avoid conflicts with registration information frames sent by registered optical network units. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a quiet window used in a passive optical network system based on related technologies, such as... Figure 2As shown, in an existing passive optical network system, there are optical line terminals (OLTs), optical network units (ONUs) closest to the OLTs, normally functioning ONUs, registering ONUs, and ONUs furthest from the OLTs. The time window during which uplink data frames sent by normally functioning ONUs may conflict with registration information frames sent by ONUs currently registering is usually called a quiet window.

[0004] In existing passive optical network (PON) systems, on the one hand, if the maximum distance difference between the optical line terminal (OLT) and the optical network unit (ONU) is 20 kilometers, the quiet window is at least 200 microseconds. If the maximum distance difference is 10 kilometers, the quiet window is at least 100 microseconds. On the other hand, existing PON systems allow multiple ONUs to register within the same quiet window, which can easily lead to conflicts in the registration frames sent by multiple ONUs. If these registration frames conflict, the OLT cannot parse them, requiring the ONUs to resend them, thus delaying registration. In summary, the registration time for a PON system is delayed, and the more ONUs need to register, the longer the registration time will be. To achieve faster ONU registration and improve user experience, the OLT typically needs to periodically open the quiet window, giving ONUs more registration opportunities.

[0005] Furthermore, in existing passive optical network (PON) systems, the quiet window opened during the optical network unit (ONU) registration process introduces delays to data transmission from normally functioning ONUs. If a functioning ONU has uplink data to transmit at the start of the quiet window, it must wait until the quiet window closes before it can transmit the uplink data. Therefore, the delay caused by uplink data transmission from normally functioning ONUs is at least the size of the quiet window. Moreover, since the quiet window typically opens periodically, the ONU registration process introduces frequent delays to the data transmission of normally functioning ONUs.

[0006] With the development of mobile services, Passive Optical Network (PON) systems have gradually become one of the technologies carrying mobile services. Mobile services, in turn, place increasingly stringent requirements on the transmission latency of the bearer network. For example, the industry currently requires PON systems to carry 5G fronthaul services with a transmission latency of less than 100 microseconds. However, as analyzed above, when the maximum distance difference between the optical line terminal (OLT) and the optical network unit (ONU) in a PON is 10 kilometers, the quiet window during the ONU registration process already introduces at least a 100-microsecond delay to the data transmission of normally functioning ONUs. In addition to the delay caused by the quiet window, PON systems also experience data transmission delays due to fiber optic transmission and dynamic bandwidth allocation. Therefore, existing PON systems struggle to meet the transmission latency requirements of mobile services. Summary of the Invention

[0007] At least some embodiments of the present invention provide a data processing method, apparatus and passive optical network system for a passive optical network system, so as to at least solve the problem that the transmission delay of the passive optical network system caused by the quiet window during the optical network unit registration process of the passive optical network system provided by the related art is unable to meet the low latency requirements for carrying mobile services.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a data processing method for a passive optical network system is provided, comprising:

[0009] A first portion of bandwidth is allocated to a first optical network unit within a first time window, wherein the first optical network unit has completed registration and is in a working state; a first data frame is received from the first optical network unit within the time corresponding to the first portion of bandwidth; and a second data frame is detected from a second optical network unit within the first time window, wherein the second optical network unit has not yet completed registration.

[0010] Optionally, detecting a second data frame from the second optical network unit within the first time window includes: detecting a second data frame from the second optical network unit within a second portion of the bandwidth other than the first portion of the bandwidth within the first time window.

[0011] Optionally, receiving the first data frame from the first optical network unit within the corresponding time window includes: obtaining the first data frame using the redundancy protection measures taken by the first optical network unit for the first data frame.

[0012] Optionally, receiving the first data frame from the first optical network unit within the corresponding time window further includes: when the first data frame is identified as having an error using the redundancy protection measures taken by the first optical network unit, obtaining the conflict position between the second data frame and the first data frame.

[0013] Optionally, after obtaining the conflict location between the second data frame and the first data frame, the method further includes: allocating a first portion of bandwidth within a subsequent first time window, wherein the time corresponding to the first portion of bandwidth does not include the conflict location; detecting the second data frame from the second optical network unit within the first time window; and relocating the conflict location.

[0014] Optionally, the above method further includes: obtaining first distance information of the second optical network unit.

[0015] Optionally, after obtaining the first distance information of the second optical network unit, the method further includes: opening a second time window for the second optical network unit based on the first distance information, and completing the registration of the second optical network unit, wherein the second time window is used to obtain the authentication information of the second optical network unit and measure the second distance information between the optical line terminal and the second optical network unit.

[0016] Optionally, allocating a first portion of bandwidth to the first optical network unit within the first time window further includes: notifying the first optical network unit to take redundancy protection measures for the first data frame.

[0017] Optionally, when an error is detected in the first data frame using redundancy protection measures, obtaining the conflict location between the second data frame and the first data frame includes: when an error is detected in the first data frame by the preset encoding method adopted by the first optical network unit for the payload of the first data frame, restoring the first data frame and locating the conflict location, wherein the damage range of the conflict between the second data frame and the first data frame is within the error correction range of the encoding redundancy protection block of the preset encoding method.

[0018] Optionally, when the error in the first data frame is identified using redundancy protection measures, obtaining the conflict location between the second data frame and the first data frame includes: when signal amplitude detection and signal clock recovery are performed on the preamble that has been lengthened by the first optical network unit and an abnormality is detected in the signal amplitude and / or signal clock, the signal amplitude and / or signal clock are restored to locate the conflict location.

[0019] Optionally, when an error is detected in the first data frame using redundancy protection measures, obtaining the collision location between the second data frame and the first data frame includes: when an error is detected in the delimiter after the lengthening and variation processing of the first optical network unit, correctly identifying at least one part of the delimiter, obtaining the location where the delimiter error occurred, locating the collision location, and obtaining the starting position of the payload.

[0020] Optionally, before receiving the first data frame from the first optical network unit within the first portion of the bandwidth and detecting the second data frame from the second optical network unit within the first time window, the method further includes: sending a registration request message to the second optical network unit, wherein the registration request message is used to notify the second optical network unit to send the second data frame, and the registration request message carries at least the first authentication information.

[0021] Optionally, before sending the registration request message to the second optical network unit, the method further includes: storing the authentication information of the first optical network unit and the second optical network unit, so as to initiate a registration process to the second optical network unit based on the authentication information, wherein the authentication information includes: the identity information of each optical network unit and / or the identity information of the optical network unit user.

[0022] Optionally, the registration request message also carries a delay duration, which is used to instruct the second optical network unit to send the second data frame after waiting for the delay duration.

[0023] According to another embodiment of the present invention, another data processing method for a passive optical network system is also provided, comprising:

[0024] The system acquires a first portion of the bandwidth allocated to the optical line terminal; sends a first data frame to the optical line terminal within the first portion of the bandwidth; and sends a second data frame to the optical line terminal when a preset condition is met. The first data frame is a service data frame sent by an optical network unit that has completed registration and is in operation, and the second data frame is a registration signal frame sent by an optical network unit that has not yet completed registration.

[0025] Optionally, before sending the first data frame to the optical line terminal within the first portion of the bandwidth, the method further includes: obtaining a notification from the optical line terminal that it has taken redundancy protection measures for the first data frame; and taking redundancy protection measures for the first data frame.

[0026] Optionally, the redundancy protection measures for the first data frame include: encoding the payload in the first data frame using a preset encoding method, wherein the damage range of the second data frame is within the error correction range of the encoding redundancy protection block of the preset encoding method.

[0027] Optionally, redundancy protection measures for the first data frame include: lengthening the preamble in the first data frame to obtain a lengthened preamble, wherein the lengthened preamble is used by the optical line terminal to perform signal amplitude detection and signal clock recovery when a collision occurs.

[0028] Optionally, the redundancy protection measures for the first data frame include: lengthening the delimiters in the first data frame to obtain lengthened delimiters. The lengthened delimiters are used by the optical line terminal to identify at least a part of the delimiters when a collision occurs, wherein the delimiters are used by the optical line terminal to identify the starting position of the first data frame.

[0029] Optionally, sending a second data frame to the optical line terminal when the preset conditions are met includes one of the following: the second optical network unit actively sends a second data frame to the optical line terminal; the second optical network unit sends a second data frame after receiving a registration request message sent by the optical line terminal; or the second optical network unit waits for the delay time after receiving the registration request message and the delay time sent by the optical line terminal before sending the second data frame.

[0030] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a data processing apparatus for a passive optical network system is provided, comprising:

[0031] The allocation module is used to allocate a first portion of bandwidth to a first optical network unit within a first time window, wherein the first optical network unit has completed registration and is in a working state; the processing module is used to receive a first data frame from the first optical network unit within the time corresponding to the first portion of bandwidth, and to detect a second data frame from a second optical network unit within the first time window, wherein the second optical network unit has not yet completed registration.

[0032] Optionally, the processing module is configured to detect a second data frame from the second optical network unit within a second portion of the bandwidth other than the first portion of the bandwidth within a first time window.

[0033] Optionally, the processing module is used to obtain the first data frame by utilizing the redundancy protection measures taken by the first optical network unit for the first data frame.

[0034] Optionally, the processing module is further configured to obtain the collision location between the second data frame and the first data frame when the first data frame is identified as having an error using the redundancy protection measures taken by the first optical network unit for the first data frame.

[0035] Optionally, the above device further includes: a positioning module, used to allocate a first portion of bandwidth within a subsequent first time window, wherein the first portion of bandwidth corresponds to a time that does not include conflict locations, and to detect a second data frame from the second optical network unit within the first time window to locate the conflict location again.

[0036] Optionally, the above-mentioned device further includes: an acquisition module for acquiring first distance information of the second optical network unit.

[0037] Optionally, the above device further includes: a registration module, used to open a second time window for the second optical network unit according to the first distance information, and complete the registration of the second optical network unit, wherein the second time window is used to obtain the authentication information of the second optical network unit and measure the second distance information between the optical line terminal and the second optical network unit.

[0038] Optionally, the above-mentioned device further includes: a notification module for notifying the first optical network unit to take redundancy protection measures for the first data frame.

[0039] Optionally, the processing module is further configured to recover the first data frame and locate the conflict position when an error is detected in the first data frame by the preset encoding method adopted by the first optical network unit for the payload of the first data frame, wherein the damage range of the conflict between the second data frame and the first data frame is within the error correction range of the encoding redundancy protection block of the preset encoding method.

[0040] Optionally, the processing module is also used to restore the signal amplitude and / or signal clock and locate the conflict position when an abnormality is detected in the signal amplitude and / or signal clock of the preamble that has been lengthened by the first optical network unit.

[0041] Optionally, the processing module is also configured to, when an error is detected in the delimitation processed by the first optical network unit, correctly identify at least one part of the delimitation, obtain the location where the delimitation error occurred, locate the conflict location, and obtain the starting position of the payload.

[0042] Optionally, the above apparatus further includes: a sending module, configured to send a registration request message to the second optical network unit, wherein the registration request message is used to notify the second optical network unit to send a second data frame, and the registration request message carries at least first authentication information.

[0043] Optionally, the above device further includes: a storage module for storing authentication information of the first optical network unit and the second optical network unit, so as to initiate a registration process to the second optical network unit based on the authentication information, wherein the authentication information includes: the identity information of each optical network unit and / or the identity information of the user of the optical network unit.

[0044] Optionally, the registration request message also carries a delay duration, which is used to instruct the second optical network unit to send the second data frame after waiting for the delay duration.

[0045] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a data processing apparatus for a passive optical network system is also provided, comprising:

[0046] The acquisition module is used to acquire the first portion of bandwidth allocated to the optical line terminal; the processing module is used to send a first data frame to the optical line terminal within the first portion of bandwidth, and send a second data frame to the optical line terminal when a preset condition is met, wherein the first data frame is a service data frame sent by an optical network unit that has completed registration and is in a working state, and the second frame is a registration signal frame sent by an optical network unit that has not yet completed registration.

[0047] Optionally, the above apparatus further includes: an acquisition module, configured to acquire a notification from the optical line terminal regarding the implementation of redundancy protection measures for the first data frame; and a protection module, configured to implement redundancy protection measures for the first data frame in response to the notification message.

[0048] Optionally, the protection module is used to encode the payload in the first data frame using a preset encoding method, wherein the destruction range of the second data frame is within the error correction range of the encoding redundancy protection block of the preset encoding method.

[0049] Optionally, the protection module is used to lengthen the preamble in the first data frame to obtain a lengthened preamble, wherein the lengthened preamble is used by the optical line terminal to perform signal amplitude detection and signal clock recovery when a collision occurs.

[0050] Optionally, the protection module is used to lengthen the delimiter in the first data frame to obtain a lengthened delimiter. The lengthened delimiter is used by the optical line terminal to identify at least a part of the delimiter when a collision occurs. The delimiter is used by the optical line terminal to identify the starting position of the first data frame.

[0051] Optionally, the processing module is configured to send a second data frame to the optical line terminal when preset conditions are met, including one of the following: actively sending a second data frame to the optical line terminal; sending a second data frame after receiving a registration request message sent by the optical line terminal; or waiting for a delay after receiving a registration request message and a delay duration sent by the optical line terminal before sending a second data frame.

[0052] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a passive optical network system is also provided, comprising: an optical line terminal and a plurality of optical network units, wherein the optical line terminal includes: a data processing device of the aforementioned passive optical network system, and at least one of the plurality of optical network units includes: a data processing device of the aforementioned other passive optical network system.

[0053] According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, a storage medium is also provided, wherein a computer program is stored therein, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the steps in any of the above method embodiments when running.

[0054] According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, an electronic device is also provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program and the processor is configured to run the computer program to perform the steps in any of the above method embodiments.

[0055] Through at least some embodiments of the present invention, since the first optical network unit can send data frames during the registration process of the second optical network unit, that is, when the second optical network unit is registering, the first optical network unit can send data to fully utilize the bandwidth within the first time window. Therefore, the problem of transmission delay in the passive optical network system caused by the quiet window during the optical network unit registration process in the passive optical network system provided by the related art, which leads to the inability to meet the low-latency requirements for carrying mobile services, can be solved, thus achieving the effect of reducing the transmission delay of the passive optical network system and meeting the low-latency requirements for carrying mobile services. Attached Figure Description

[0056] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0057] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a passive optical network architecture based on relevant technologies;

[0058] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a quiet window used in a passive optical network system based on related technologies;

[0059] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a data processing method for a passive optical network system according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of a working optical network unit transmitting uplink data and a registering optical network unit transmitting a new registration number according to an optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an uplink data frame and a registration signal according to an optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of another data processing method for a passive optical network system according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 7 This is a structural block diagram of a data processing apparatus for a passive optical network system according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 8This is a structural block diagram of a data processing apparatus for a passive optical network system according to an optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 9 This is a structural block diagram of a data processing device for another passive optical network system according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 10 This is a structural block diagram of a data processing device for another passive optical network system according to one optional embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0067] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present application can be combined with each other.

[0068] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0069] Example 1

[0070] The method embodiment provided in Embodiment 1 of this application can be executed in an optical line terminal (OLT) or an optical network unit (ONU). An OLT or ONU may include one or more processors (processors may include, but are not limited to, processing devices such as microprocessors (MCUs) or programmable logic devices (FPGAs)) and a memory for storing data. Optionally, the OLT or ONU may further include transmission components for communication functions and input / output components. Of course, those skilled in the art will understand that the above structural description is merely illustrative and does not limit the structure of the OLT or ONU. For example, an OLT or ONU may include more or fewer components than the above structure, or have a different configuration.

[0071] The memory can be used to store computer programs, such as application software programs and modules, like the computer program corresponding to the data processing method of the passive optical network system in this embodiment of the invention. The processor executes various functional applications and data processing by running the computer program stored in the memory, thereby implementing the aforementioned data processing method of the passive optical network system. The memory may include high-speed random access memory (RAM) and non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memories. In some instances, the memory may further include memory remotely located relative to the processor, which can be connected to an optical line terminal or optical network unit via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks (LANs), mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0072] The transmission component is used to receive or send data via a network. Specific examples of the network described above may include a wireless network provided by a communication provider of an optical line terminal or optical network unit. In one example, the transmission component includes a network interface controller (NIC) for wireless communication with the Internet. In another example, the transmission component may be a radio frequency (RF) module for wireless communication with the Internet.

[0073] This embodiment provides a data processing method for a passive optical network system operating at an optical line terminal. Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a data processing method for a passive optical network system according to one embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0074] Step S31: Allocate a first portion of bandwidth to the first optical network unit within the first time window, wherein the first optical network unit has completed registration and is in working state;

[0075] To address the latency issue caused by the quiet window during optical network unit (ONU) registration in passive optical network (PON) systems, this invention provides a PON system and an ONU registration mechanism to reduce transmission latency. It should be noted that this invention does not restrict data transmission by the active ONU (equivalent to the aforementioned first ONU) within the quiet window. Therefore, this invention uses a noisy window (equivalent to the aforementioned first time window) instead of the quiet window. The start and end times of the noisy window are the same as those of the quiet window. That is, the start time of the first time window is the earliest arrival time of data frames sent by the ONU closest to the optical line terminal (OLT), and the end time is the latest arrival time of data frames sent by the ONU farthest from the OLT. The active ONU can transmit data within the noisy window.

[0076] Step S34: Receive a first data frame from the first optical network unit within the time corresponding to the first portion of the bandwidth, and detect a second data frame from the second optical network unit within the first time window, wherein the second optical network unit has not yet completed registration.

[0077] In response to the registration signal (equivalent to the second data frame) sent by the registered optical network unit (equivalent to the second optical network unit mentioned above), the optical line terminal (OLT) detects the registration signal within the idle bandwidth or data bandwidth. When an optical network unit or a potential optical network unit registers, the registered optical network unit sends a registration signal that reaches the OLT within the interference window. The OLT allocates a portion of the bandwidth within the interference window to the active optical network unit for uplink data transmission; this portion is the data bandwidth. The remaining bandwidth is unallocated and is considered idle bandwidth. The active optical network unit transmits uplink data within the allocated bandwidth obtained within the interference window, and the registered optical network unit sends its registration signal within the interference window. The OLT detects the registration signal within the interference window.

[0078] Optionally, the entity performing the above steps may be an optical line terminal, but is not limited to this.

[0079] In one alternative implementation, the first time window can be any time, the first ONU can send the first data frame, and the second ONU can send the second data frame at any time.

[0080] In one optional implementation, the second data frame sent by the second ONU needs to arrive at the OLT within a second portion of the bandwidth other than the first portion of the bandwidth within the first time window. That is, the first data frame sent by the first ONU and the second data frame sent by the second ONU arrive at the OLT within different bandwidths within the first time window.

[0081] Furthermore, in a passive optical network system consisting of the aforementioned OLT and multiple ONUs, data transmitted by different ONUs may conflict on the OLT side, and the OLT can recover at least the data transmitted by one of the ONUs.

[0082] Through the above steps, since the first optical network unit can send data frames during the registration process of the second optical network unit (i.e., when the second optical network unit is registering, the first optical network unit can send data, thus making full use of the bandwidth within the first time window), the problem of transmission delay in the passive optical network system caused by the quiet window during the optical network unit registration process, which leads to the inability to meet the low-latency requirements for carrying mobile services, can be solved. This achieves the effect of reducing the transmission delay of the passive optical network system and meeting the low-latency requirements for carrying mobile services.

[0083] Because the registration signal sent by the registering optical network unit may conflict with the working data frame sent by the working optical network unit, the registration signal can cause a certain degree of damage to the working data frame at the point of conflict, resulting in errors. Therefore, to minimize the damage caused by the registration signal, the registration signal should be as short as possible. The registration signal sent by the registering optical network unit is a burst signal, which typically includes: the optical module turning on its light-emitting portion, the registration information portion, and the optical module turning off its light-emitting portion. The turning on and off portions of the optical module are defined in passive optical network standards. For example, the ITU-T Gigabit Passive Optical Network (GPON) standard specifies that both the turning on and off portions of the optical module in an optical network unit are 12.8 nanoseconds / 4 bytes. The ITU-T 10-Gigabit-capable Symmetric Passive Optical Network (XGS-PON) standard specifies that the turn-on and turn-off phases of optical modules with optical network units are both 25.7 nanoseconds / 32 bytes. Furthermore, the turn-on and turn-off phases of an optical module are also related to its specific implementation; the actual turn-on and turn-off phases in a specific implementation can be more efficient or shorter than the standard. For example, the turn-on and turn-off phases can be 5-10 nanoseconds, which corresponds to approximately 4-7 bytes in GPON and approximately 13-25 bytes in XGS-PON. The registration information portion only needs to be detectable by the optical line terminal (OLT). For example, at a 10Gbps rate, a 3-byte registration signal is sufficient for the OLT optical module to detect it. If the OLT does not need to correctly parse the registration information, the registration information portion may not include preambles, delimiters, etc. Of course, if the registration information includes preambles, delimiters, etc., the optical line terminal (OLT) can correctly parse the registration information, and the OLT can also recover the working data frames damaged by registration signal conflicts. In summary, under current standards and feasible conditions, taking XGS-PON as an example, the longest registration signal of an optical network unit (ONU) is 67 bytes, and the shortest is 16 bytes. It should be noted that the registration signal sent by the OLT in this embodiment of the invention, as well as the registration information related to the optical module's opening and closing of its light-emitting portion, and the optical module detection, are only used to describe the completeness of the invention and do not constitute a limitation of the invention. Any variations in the relevant standard definitions and specific implementations that apply to the invention are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0084] Optionally, before receiving the first data frame from the first optical network unit within the first portion of the bandwidth and detecting the second data frame from the second optical network unit within the first time window in step S34, the following execution steps may also be included:

[0085] Step S33: Send a registration request message to the second optical network unit, wherein the registration request message is used to notify the second optical network unit to send a second data frame, and the registration request message carries at least the first authentication information.

[0086] The optical line terminal (OLT) obtains the optical network unit (ONT) authentication information or authentication information database under its jurisdiction. The ONT authentication information (i.e., the aforementioned first authentication information) may include, but is not limited to: the ONT's serial number, the ONT's media access control (MAC) address, and the ONT user's registration information (i.e., registration ID). The ONT marks the registered ONTs and the unregistered ONTs respectively.

[0087] An optical line terminal (OLT) initiates registration for an unregistered optical network unit (ONU). This process may include: the OLT sending the ONU's authentication information and registration command (equivalent to the aforementioned registration request message) to the ONU, notifying it to send a registration signal. This registration signal can be specified by the OLT or determined autonomously by the ONU. Simultaneously, the OLT allocates a portion of the bandwidth within its interference window to the active ONU, leaving the remaining bandwidth unallocated.

[0088] Optionally, before sending the registration request message to the second optical network unit in step S33, the following execution steps may also be included:

[0089] Step S32: Store the authentication information of the first optical network unit and the second optical network unit so as to initiate a registration process to the second optical network unit based on the authentication information. The authentication information includes: the identity information of each optical network unit and / or the identity information of the optical network unit user.

[0090] During the optical network unit (ONU) registration process, the optical line terminal (OLT) authenticates the ONU. Only after successful authentication can the ONU access the OLT. The information used by the OLT to authenticate the ONU includes: the ONU's identity information and the user's identity information. The authentication information of the ONUs accessing the OLT forms an ONU authentication information database. This database can be stored either within the OLT or in a higher-level system (e.g., a passive optical network management system).

[0091] Optical line terminals can initiate a registration process for optical network units corresponding to one or more authentication information based on the optical network unit authentication information database. This controls the number of optical network units registered within an interference window, thereby reducing the probability of conflicts between registration information and minimizing the scope of damage to data transmitted by the working optical network.

[0092] Optionally, the registration request message may also include a delay duration, which is used to instruct the second optical network unit to send the second data frame after waiting for the delay duration.

[0093] After the optical network unit (ONU) is powered on, it waits for the optical line terminal (OLT) to initiate the registration process. If it receives its own registration command, the ONU immediately sends a registration signal to the OLT if the registration command does not specify a delay duration. Alternatively, if the registration command specifies a delay duration, the ONU waits for the delay time specified by the OLT before sending the registration signal to the OLT.

[0094] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of a working optical network unit transmitting uplink data and a registering optical network unit transmitting a new registration number according to an optional embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the optical line terminal (OLT) detects a registration signal within an interference window. This can include: the OLT detecting the registration signal in the idle bandwidth of the interference window, calculating the ranging result, or opening a small quiet window for precise ranging of the optical network unit (ONU). If the OLT detects an error in a data frame sent by a working ONU, it recovers the data sent by the working ONU, estimates that the error occurred due to a registration signal sent by a registered ONU, roughly locates the logical distance of the ONU, and then opens a small quiet window for precise ranging of the ONU. Alternatively, if the OLT detects a partial registration signal in the idle bandwidth of the interference window and an error in the data sent by the working ONU, it recovers the data sent by the working ONU, and then combines this information to roughly locate the logical distance of the ONU and open a small quiet window for precise ranging of the ONU. If the optical line terminal does not detect any registration information in the interference window, it marks the optical network unit. The optical network unit may not have started registration yet, or the registration signal sent by the optical network is weak and does not affect the data sent by the working optical network unit. After adjusting the bandwidth allocation in the interference window, the optical line terminal initiates the registration process for the optical network unit again.

[0095] Based on the registration signal detected in the interference window sent by the registered optical network unit, the optical line terminal roughly estimates the logical distance between the registered optical network unit and the optical line terminal, opens a small quiet window to allow the registered optical network unit to send registration information, the optical line terminal confirms the identity of the optical network unit, calculates the ranging result, and completes the registration process.

[0096] For optical network units (ONUs) whose registration information has not yet been detected within the interference window, they can re-register, or they can register after completing the registration of other ONUs. If the registration signal sent by the registering ONU is determined to be weak, the optical line terminal (OLT) can take the following measures: The OLT adjusts the positions of the idle bandwidth and working bandwidth within the interference window, creating new opportunities to detect the registration signal within the idle bandwidth. The OLT generates a random delay and notifies the registering ONU to resend the registration signal after this delay, thus giving the OLT a new opportunity to detect the registration signal within the idle bandwidth. If the OLT determines that the registering ONU has not yet started registering, the OLT can change its registration strategy, for example, by waiting a longer period before initiating registration for that ONU, to reduce the impact on working ONUs.

[0097] Optionally, in step S34, receiving the first data frame from the first optical network unit within the time corresponding to the first portion of the bandwidth may include the following steps:

[0098] Step S341: Obtain the first data frame using the redundancy protection measures taken by the first optical network unit for the first data frame.

[0099] In order to ensure that when data sent by different ONUs conflict on the OLT side, the OLT can recover at least the data sent by one of the ONUs, the working ONU needs to take redundancy protection measures on the data frames it sends, so that the OLT can recover the data sent by the working ONU based on the redundancy protection measures.

[0100] Optionally, in step S34, receiving the first data frame from the first optical network unit within the time corresponding to the first portion of the bandwidth may further include the following steps:

[0101] Step S342: When the first data frame is identified as having an error using the redundancy protection measures taken by the first optical network unit for the first data frame, the conflict position between the second data frame and the first data frame is obtained.

[0102] In addition to recovering the data sent by the working ONU as much as possible, the OLT, through the above-mentioned redundancy protection measures, can also preliminarily locate the actual location of the conflict between the working ONU and the registered ONU when it is determined that an error has occurred in the data frame sent by the working ONU.

[0103] Optionally, after obtaining the conflict location between the second data frame and the first data frame in step S342, the following execution steps may also be included:

[0104] Step S343: Allocate a first portion of bandwidth within the subsequent first time window. The time corresponding to the first portion of bandwidth does not include the conflict location. Detect the second data frame from the second optical network unit within the first time window and locate the conflict location again.

[0105] That is, when the OLT allocates a portion of the bandwidth to the working ONU in a subsequent time window, it may not allocate bandwidth at the conflict location, so that the conflict location can be further located / confirmed by repeatedly comparing it with the previously determined conflict location through subsequent repeated detection.

[0106] Optionally, in step S31, allocating a first portion of bandwidth to the first optical network unit within the first time window may further include the following execution steps:

[0107] Step S30: Instruct the first optical network unit to take redundancy protection measures for uplink data.

[0108] If necessary, when the optical line terminal allocates bandwidth within an interference window to the working optical network unit, it will also notify the working optical network unit to perform redundancy protection when transmitting data. The working optical network unit receives the bandwidth allocated by the optical line terminal within the interference window, and must perform data redundancy protection when transmitting data within these bandwidths.

[0109] In one alternative implementation, in addition to allocating a first portion of bandwidth to the first optical network unit within a first time window, a third portion of bandwidth may also be allocated to the first optical network unit, wherein the third portion of bandwidth is used for the first optical network unit to repeatedly transmit the first data frame.

[0110] In the interference window, the optical line terminal allocates additional bandwidth (equivalent to the third part of the bandwidth mentioned above) in addition to the normal bandwidth allocated to the working optical network unit, so that the working optical network unit can send data within the normal bandwidth and repeat the data sent within the normal bandwidth within the additional bandwidth.

[0111] After receiving the normal bandwidth and redundant bandwidth within the interference window allocated by the optical line terminal (OLT), the working optical network unit (ONU) transmits data within the normal bandwidth and retransmits the data transmitted within the normal bandwidth within the redundant bandwidth. By transmitting data within the normal bandwidth and retransmitting it within the redundant bandwidth, even if one copy of the data is corrupted by a collision, another copy remains intact, allowing the OLT to recover the uplink data from the uncorrupted data. This redundancy protection measure can be used when there is ample idle bandwidth within the interference window.

[0112] Optionally, in step S342, when an error is detected in the first data frame using the redundancy protection measures taken by the first optical network unit for the first data frame, obtaining the collision location between the second data frame and the first data frame may include the following steps:

[0113] Step S3421: When an error is detected in the first data frame by the preset encoding method adopted by the first optical network unit for the payload of the first data frame, the first data frame is restored and the conflict location is located. The damage range of the conflict between the second data frame and the first data frame is within the error correction range of the encoding redundancy protection block of the preset encoding method.

[0114] The working optical network unit transmits data within the allocated bandwidth during the interference window, employing forward error correction (FEC) and other coding methods for redundancy protection. The extent of damage to the registered signal is within the error correction range of the coded redundancy protection block, allowing the optical line terminal (OLT) to recover the data damaged by the collision and pinpoint the erroneous bit. For example, when FEC uses Reed-Solomon RS(255,223), the error correction capability of the FEC block is (255-223) / 2 = 16 bytes. Therefore, when the damage capability of the registered signal does not exceed 16 bytes, the optical network unit can employ this redundancy protection measure.

[0115] The working optical network unit transmits data within the allocated bandwidth during the interference window, employing FEC (Flexible Encoding Coding) and other coding methods for redundancy protection. It also uses random interleaving of coding blocks to distribute concentrated errors caused by collisions across multiple coding blocks. During reception, the optical line terminal first deinterleaves the interleaved coding blocks to recover the individual coding blocks, performs checksum verification and error correction on each block, and then interleaves the coding blocks again to determine the location of the error. Taking RS(255,223) as an example, each FEC block is 255 bytes. The interleaving order of two FEC blocks is: bit 1 of the first FEC block, bit 2 of the second FEC block, bit 2 of the first FEC block, bit 2 of the second FEC block, ... bit 255 of the first FEC block, bit 255 of the second FEC block, forming a 510-byte FEC interleaved block. When the registration signal disrupts the FEC interleaved block by 16 bytes, the disruption is distributed across the two FEC blocks within the interleaved block, with each FEC block being disrupted by 8 bytes. Of course, more FEC blocks can be interleaved, and the interleaving process can be done in units of 1 bit or multiple bits. This will not be elaborated further here.

[0116] Optionally, in step S342, when an error is detected in the first data frame using the redundancy protection measures taken by the first optical network unit for the first data frame, obtaining the collision location between the second data frame and the first data frame may include the following steps:

[0117] Step S3422: When an abnormality is detected in the signal amplitude and / or signal clock of the preamble that has been lengthened by the first optical network unit, the signal amplitude and / or signal clock are restored, and the conflict location is located.

[0118] The working optical network unit transmits data in burst data frames, which are preceded by fields such as preamble and delimiter. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an uplink data frame and a registration signal according to one optional embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the preamble is mainly used by the optical line terminal (OLT) for signal amplitude detection and signal clock recovery, and is usually obtained by repeating a fixed bit sequence. The delimiter is used by the OLT to identify the start position of burst data frames, and is also usually a fixed bit sequence. If the preamble and delimiter are damaged, the OLT may be unable to correctly parse uplink data frames sent by the working optical network unit (ONU). Therefore, redundancy protection is required for the preamble and delimiter, including preamble lengthening and delimiter length variation. As an optional implementation, the preamble is lengthened to twice its original length plus a registration signal length, with the registration signal appearing at any position in the lengthened preamble. The OLT can complete signal amplitude detection and signal clock recovery in the lengthened preamble. The OLT can roughly determine the location of registration signal collisions by combining information such as the detected uplink data frame signal time point, the signal clock recovery completion time point, and the obtained delimiter position. As another optional implementation, the OLT performs multiple signal amplitude detections at the beginning of the lengthened preamble and selects the signal amplitude with higher reliability for level determination of subsequent signals. As another alternative implementation, after the optical line terminal completes signal amplitude detection by extending the preamble, it locks the signal amplitude for a longer period of time.

[0119] Optionally, in step S342, when an error is detected in the first data frame using the redundancy protection measures taken by the first optical network unit for the first data frame, obtaining the collision location between the second data frame and the first data frame may include the following steps:

[0120] Step S3423: When an error is detected in the boundary after the lengthening and change processing of the first optical network unit, at least one part of the boundary is correctly identified, the location of the boundary error is obtained, the conflict location is located, and the starting position of the payload is obtained.

[0121] The working optical network unit can extend the original boundary. No matter where the conflict between the registered signal and the extended boundary occurs, the optical line terminal can find at least one correct part of the extended boundary and, based on the correct part, can roughly determine the location of the registered signal conflict and obtain the payload start position.

[0122] The following will describe various scenarios from the perspective of the conflict between the registration signal and the working data frame, causing damage, using the following optional embodiment as an example:

[0123] In scenario one, the registration signal sent by the registered optical network unit conflicts with the uplink data frame sent by the working optical network unit, causing an error in the payload of the uplink data frame sent by the working optical network unit.

[0124] For simplicity, in this optional embodiment, the optical network unit (ONU) authentication information database is stored in the optical line terminal (OLT). The OLT initiates a registration process for each ONU corresponding to the authentication information in the database, and each time initiates a registration process for one ONU that has not yet completed registration.

[0125] The optical line terminal (OLT) sends a registration request to the registered optical network unit (ONU). This registration request includes the ONU's authentication information, such as its serial number or the user's registration sequence. Additionally, the registration request may include a delay period before the ONU sends its registration information. The OLT also allocates a portion of the uplink bandwidth within the interference window to the working ONU to meet its bandwidth requirements.

[0126] Upon receiving a registration request from an optical line terminal (OLT), the registered optical network unit (ONU) parses the ONU authentication information and delay time (if the registration request includes this information) to determine if its own authentication information matches the ONU authentication information in the registration request. If they match, the ONU responds to the registration request directly or after waiting for the specified delay time, sending a registration signal to the OLT.

[0127] After acquiring the allocated bandwidth within the interference window, the working optical network unit constructs an uplink data frame that matches the size of the allocated bandwidth. The preamble length of the uplink data frame is twice the preamble length of the normal data frame plus the length of the registered signal. The delimitation of the uplink data frame is lengthened and modified from the normal delimitation. The delimitation length is at least one length longer than the original delimitation length of the registered signal. The payload after the uplink data frame delimitation is augmented with FEC check and FEC block interleaving is performed to form the final uplink data frame, which is then transmitted within the allocated bandwidth within the interference window.

[0128] The optical line terminal (OLT) receives uplink data frames from the working optical network unit (ONU) within the interference window. It processes the preamble to obtain the signal amplitude and recover the signal clock, continues receiving subsequent data streams, identifies and delimits lengthening variations to obtain the uplink data frame payload, restores the interleaved FEC blocks in the uplink data frame payload to independent FEC blocks, and performs error correction and verification on these independent FEC blocks to obtain correct FEC data. If errors are detected and located in multiple independent FEC blocks, the errors in these independent FEC blocks are correlated according to FEC interleaving to pinpoint the location of the error in the uplink data frame sent by the working ONU. Based on the location of the error and the delay time (if any) of the registration information sent by the registered ONU, the backhaul transmission time of the registered ONU is estimated. Based on the estimated backhaul transmission time of the registered ONU, the OLT opens an accurate quiet window for the registered ONU in the subsequent bandwidth allocation process. The registered optical network unit (ONU) can send its authentication information within this quiet window. The optical line terminal (OLT) can obtain the registered ONU's authentication information within this quiet window and perform ranging on the ONU. The ONU and the OLT then cooperate to complete the registration process. Here, the quiet window can be either unallocated idle bandwidth or idle bandwidth obtained by the OLT through the overall bandwidth allocation algorithm.

[0129] Optical line terminals can register other optical network units that have not yet completed registration as needed.

[0130] In the second scenario, in this optional embodiment, the registration signal sent by the registered optical network unit conflicts with the uplink data frame sent by the working optical network unit, causing an error in the preamble of the uplink data frame sent by the working optical network unit.

[0131] For simplicity, in this optional embodiment, the optical network unit authentication information database is stored in the optical line terminal (OLT). The OLT initiates a registration process for each optical network unit corresponding to the authentication information in the database, and each time initiates a registration process for one optical network unit that has not yet completed registration.

[0132] The optical line terminal (OLT) sends a registration request to the registered optical network unit (ONU). This registration request includes authentication information for the registered ONU, such as its serial number or the user's registration sequence. Additionally, the registration request may include a delay period before the registered ONU sends its registration information. The OLT also allocates a portion of the uplink bandwidth within the interference window to the working ONU to meet its bandwidth requirements.

[0133] After receiving a registration request from an optical line terminal (OLT), the registered optical network unit (ONU) parses the ONU authentication information and delay time (if the registration request includes this information) to determine whether its own authentication information matches the ONU authentication information in the registration request. If they match, the ONU responds to the registration request directly or after waiting for the specified delay time, sending a registration signal to the OLT.

[0134] The working optical network unit obtains the allocated bandwidth within the interference window and constructs an uplink data frame that matches the size of the allocated bandwidth. The preamble length of the uplink data frame is twice the preamble length of the normal data frame plus the length of the registration signal. The delimitation of the uplink data frame is lengthened and modified from the normal delimitation. The delimitation length is at least one length longer than the original delimitation length of the registration signal. After the uplink data frame is delimited, the payload is increased with FEC check and FEC block interleaving is performed to form the final uplink data frame. Then, the uplink data frame is transmitted within the allocated bandwidth within the interference window.

[0135] The optical line terminal (OLT) receives uplink data frames from working optical network units (ONUs) within an interference window. During preamble processing, it obtains the following information: the location where the uplink data frame signal was detected, the location where signal amplitude detection was completed, the location where the signal clock was recovered, the repetition delimitation location, and the payload start point. It then calculates the differences between these locations. If one or more of these location differences differ significantly from normal location differences, the location of the registration signal collision can be roughly estimated. Combined with the delay time (if any) of the registration information sent by the registered ONU, the backhaul transmission time of the registered ONU is estimated. The OLT continues to receive subsequent data streams, identifies repetition delimitation, obtains the uplink data frame payload, restores the interleaved FEC blocks in the uplink data frame payload to independent FEC blocks, and performs error correction and verification on the independent FEC blocks to obtain the correct FEC data. Based on the estimated backhaul transmission time of the registered ONU, the OLT opens an accurate quiet window for the registered ONU during subsequent bandwidth allocation. The registered ONU can send its authentication information within this quiet window, and the OLT can obtain the authentication information of the registered ONU and perform ranging on the ONU within this quiet window. The optical network unit (ONU) works with the optical line terminal (OLT) to further complete the registration process. Here, the quiet window can be either unallocated idle bandwidth or idle bandwidth obtained by the OLT through the overall bandwidth allocation algorithm.

[0136] Optical line terminals can register other optical network units that have not yet completed registration as needed.

[0137] In the third optional embodiment, the registration signal sent by the registered optical network unit conflicts with the uplink data frame sent by the working optical network unit, causing a delimitation error in the uplink data frame sent by the working optical network unit.

[0138] For simplicity, in this optional embodiment, the optical network unit authentication information database is stored in the optical line terminal (OLT). The OLT initiates a registration process for each optical network unit corresponding to the authentication information in the database, and each time initiates a registration process for one optical network unit that has not yet completed registration.

[0139] The optical line terminal (OLT) sends a registration request to the registered optical network unit (ONU). This registration request includes the ONU's authentication information, such as its serial number or the user's registration sequence. Additionally, the registration request may include a delay period before the ONU sends its registration information. The OLT also allocates a portion of the uplink bandwidth within the interference window to the working ONU to meet its bandwidth requirements.

[0140] Upon receiving a registration request from an optical line terminal (OLT), the registered optical network unit (ONU) parses the ONU authentication information and delay time (if the registration request includes this information), and determines whether its own authentication information matches the ONU authentication information in the registration request. If they match, the ONU responds to the registration request directly or after waiting for a specified delay time, sending a registration signal to the OLT.

[0141] The working optical network unit obtains the allocated bandwidth within the interference window and constructs an uplink data frame that matches the size of the allocated bandwidth. The preamble length of the uplink data frame is twice the preamble length of the normal data frame plus the length of the registration signal. The delimitation of the uplink data frame is lengthened and modified from the normal delimitation. The delimitation length is at least one length longer than the original delimitation length of the registration signal. After the uplink data frame is delimited, the payload is added with FEC check and FEC block interleaving is performed to form the final uplink data frame, so that the uplink data frame can be transmitted within the allocated bandwidth within the interference window.

[0142] The Optical Line Terminal (OLT) receives uplink data frames from working optical network units (ONUs) within an interference window. It processes the preamble to obtain the signal amplitude and recover the signal clock. It identifies at least one correct portion of the lengthening variation delimiter and determines the location of the conflict between the lengthening variation delimiter and the registration signal based on this correct portion. Then, based on the location of the error and the delay time (if any) of the registered ONU sending registration information, it estimates the backhaul transmission time of the registered ONU and obtains the uplink data frame payload. It restores the interleaved FEC blocks in the uplink data frame payload into independent FEC blocks and performs error correction on these independent FEC blocks. Based on the estimated backhaul transmission time of the registered ONU, the OLT opens an accurate quiet window for the registered ONU during subsequent bandwidth allocation. The registered ONU can send its authentication information within this quiet window. The OLT can obtain the authentication information of the registered ONU within this quiet window and perform ranging on the ONU. The ONU cooperates with the OLT to further complete the registration process. Here, the quiet window can be either unallocated idle bandwidth or idle bandwidth obtained by the OLT through the overall bandwidth allocation algorithm.

[0143] Optical line terminals can register other optical network units that have not yet completed registration as needed.

[0144] In scenario four, in this optional embodiment, the registration signal sent by the registered optical network unit partially conflicts with the uplink data frame sent by the working optical network unit in the idle bandwidth, causing an error in the preamble of the uplink data frame sent by the working optical network unit.

[0145] For simplicity, in this optional embodiment, the optical network unit authentication information database is stored in the optical line terminal (OLT). The OLT initiates a registration process for each optical network unit corresponding to the authentication information in the database, and each time initiates a registration process for one optical network unit that has not yet completed registration.

[0146] The optical line terminal (OLT) sends a registration request to the registered optical network unit (ONU). This registration request includes the ONU's authentication information, such as its serial number or the user's registration sequence. Additionally, the registration request may include a delay period before the ONU sends its registration information. The OLT also allocates a portion of the uplink bandwidth within the interference window to the working ONU to meet its bandwidth requirements.

[0147] Upon receiving a registration request from an optical line terminal (OLT), the registered optical network unit (ONU) parses the ONU authentication information and delay time (if the registration request includes this information), and determines whether its own authentication information matches the ONU authentication information in the registration request. If they match, the ONU responds to the registration request directly or after waiting for a specified delay time, sending a registration signal to the OLT.

[0148] The working optical network unit obtains the allocated bandwidth within the interference window and constructs an uplink data frame that matches the size of the allocated bandwidth. The preamble length of the uplink data frame is twice the preamble length of the normal data frame plus the length of the registration signal. The delimitation of the uplink data frame is lengthened and modified from the normal delimitation. The delimitation length is at least one length longer than the original delimitation length of the registration signal. After the uplink data frame is delimited, the payload is added with FEC check and FEC block interleaving is performed to form the final uplink data frame, so that the uplink data frame can be transmitted within the allocated bandwidth within the interference window.

[0149] The Optical Line Terminal (OLT) receives uplink data frames from working Optical Network Units (ONUs) within an interference window and detects registration signals in the idle bandwidth preceding the uplink data frames. If a registration signal is detected in the preamble of the uplink data frame, the location of the registration signal collision is estimated based on one or two of these signals. Combined with the delay time (if any) of the registration ONU sending registration information, the backhaul transmission time of the registered ONU is estimated. The OLT completes signal amplitude detection, restores the signal clock, identifies duplicates, and obtains the uplink data frame payload. It then restores the interleaved FEC blocks in the uplink data frame payload into independent FEC blocks and performs error correction on these independent FEC blocks to obtain correct FEC data. Based on the estimated backhaul transmission time of the registered ONU, the OLT opens an accurate quiet window for the registered ONU during subsequent bandwidth allocation. The registered ONU can send its authentication information within this quiet window. The OLT can obtain the authentication information of the registered ONU within this quiet window and perform ranging on the ONU. The ONU then cooperates with the OLT to further complete the registration process. Here, the quiet window can be either unallocated idle bandwidth or idle bandwidth obtained by the optical line terminal through the overall bandwidth allocation algorithm.

[0150] Optical line terminals can register other optical network units that have not yet completed registration as needed.

[0151] In scenario five, in this optional embodiment, the registration signal sent by the registered optical network unit conflicts with the uplink data frame sent by the working optical network unit, causing errors in the preamble and duplicate delimitation of the uplink data frame sent by the working optical network unit.

[0152] For simplicity, in this optional embodiment, the optical network unit authentication information database is stored in the optical line terminal (OLT). The OLT initiates a registration process for each optical network unit corresponding to the authentication information in the database, and each time initiates a registration process for one optical network unit that has not yet completed registration.

[0153] The optical line terminal (OLT) sends a registration request to the registered optical network unit (ONU). This registration request includes authentication information for the registered ONU, such as its serial number or the registration sequence of the ONU user. Additionally, the registration request may include a delay period before the registered ONU sends its registration information. The OLT also allocates a portion of the uplink bandwidth within the interference window to the working ONU to meet its bandwidth requirements.

[0154] After receiving a registration request from an optical line terminal (OLT), the registered optical network unit (ONU) parses the ONU authentication information and delay time (if the registration request includes this information), and determines whether its own authentication information matches the ONU authentication information in the registration request. If they match, the ONU responds to the registration request directly or after waiting for a specified delay time, sending a registration signal to the OLT.

[0155] The working optical network unit obtains the allocated bandwidth within the interference window and constructs an uplink data frame that matches the size of the allocated bandwidth. The preamble length of the uplink data frame is twice the preamble length of the normal data frame plus the length of the registration signal. The delimitation of the uplink data frame is lengthened and modified from the normal delimitation. The delimitation length is at least one length longer than the original delimitation length of the registration signal. After the uplink data frame is delimited, the payload is added with FEC check and FEC block interleaving is performed to form the final uplink data frame, so that the uplink data frame can be transmitted within the allocated bandwidth within the interference window.

[0156] The optical line terminal (OLT) receives uplink data frames from working optical network units (ONUs) within an interference window. It processes the preamble to obtain signal amplitude and recover the signal clock. It detects locations where some preambles deviate from the fixed bit sequence, identifies at least one correct portion of the lengthening variation boundary, and detects the location of an error within the lengthening variation boundary. Based on one or both of these factors, it roughly estimates the location of a registration signal collision error. Then, based on the location of the error and the delay time (if any) of the registration information sent by the registered ONU, it estimates the backhaul transmission time of the registered ONU. Subsequently, based on the obtained uplink data frame payload, it restores the interleaved FEC blocks in the uplink data frame payload into independent FEC blocks and performs verification and error correction on the independent FEC blocks. Based on the estimated backhaul transmission time of the registered ONU, the OLT opens an accurate quiet window for the registered ONU during subsequent bandwidth allocation. The registered ONU can send its authentication information within this quiet window, and the OLT can obtain the authentication information of the registered ONU and perform ranging on the ONU within this quiet window. The ONU and the OLT then cooperate to further complete the registration process. Here, the quiet window can be either unallocated idle bandwidth or idle bandwidth obtained by the optical line terminal through the overall bandwidth allocation algorithm.

[0157] Optical line terminals can register other optical network units that have not yet completed registration as needed.

[0158] In scenario six, in this optional embodiment, the registration signal sent by the registered optical network unit conflicts with the uplink data frame sent by the working optical network unit, causing errors in delimitation and payload generation in the uplink data frame sent by the working optical network unit.

[0159] For simplicity, in this optional embodiment, the optical network unit authentication information database is stored in the optical line terminal (OLT). The OLT initiates a registration process for each optical network unit corresponding to the authentication information in the database, and each time initiates a registration process for one optical network unit that has not yet completed registration.

[0160] The optical line terminal (OLT) sends a registration request to the registered optical network unit (ONU). This registration request includes the ONU's authentication information, such as its serial number or the user's registration sequence. Additionally, the registration request may include a delay period before the ONU sends its registration information. The OLT also allocates a portion of the uplink bandwidth within the interference window to the working ONU to meet its bandwidth requirements.

[0161] After receiving a registration request from an optical line terminal (OLT), the registered optical network unit (ONU) parses the ONU authentication information and delay time (if the registration request includes this information), and determines whether its own authentication information matches the ONU authentication information in the registration request. If they match, the ONU responds to the registration request directly or after waiting for a specified delay time, sending a registration signal to the OLT.

[0162] The working optical network unit obtains the allocated bandwidth within the interference window and constructs an uplink data frame that matches the size of the allocated bandwidth. The preamble length of the uplink data frame is twice the preamble length of the normal data frame plus the length of the registration signal. The delimitation of the uplink data frame is lengthened and modified from the normal delimitation. The delimitation length is at least one length longer than the original delimitation length of the registration signal. After the uplink data frame is delimited, the payload is added with FEC check and FEC block interleaving is performed to form the final uplink data frame, so that the uplink data frame can be transmitted within the allocated bandwidth within the interference window.

[0163] The optical line terminal (OLT) receives uplink data frames from the working optical network unit (ONU) within an interference window. It processes the preamble to obtain the signal amplitude and recover the signal clock. It identifies at least one correct portion before the lengthening change delimitation and calculates the start of the uplink data frame payload. Based on the location of the error in the lengthening change delimitation, it roughly estimates the location of the conflict with the registration information, obtains the uplink data frame payload, restores the interleaved FEC blocks in the uplink data frame payload to independent FEC blocks, and performs verification and error correction on the independent FEC blocks to obtain the correct FEC data. If errors are detected and located in multiple independent FEC blocks, the errors in the multiple independent FEC blocks are correlated to locate the location of the error in the uplink data frame sent by the working ONU. Combining at least one of the registration signal location estimated by repeated delimitation and the location of the payload error, and the delay time (if any) of the registration information sent by the registration ONU, the OLT estimates the backhaul transmission time of the registered ONU. Based on the estimated backhaul transmission time of the registered ONU, the OLT opens an accurate quiet window for the registered ONU in the subsequent bandwidth allocation process. The registered ONU can send its own authentication information within this quiet window. The optical line terminal (OLT) can obtain the authentication information of the registered optical network unit (ONU) and perform ranging on the ONU within this quiet window. The ONU then cooperates with the OLT to further complete the registration process. Here, the quiet window can be either unallocated idle bandwidth or idle bandwidth obtained by the OLT through the overall bandwidth allocation algorithm.

[0164] Optical line terminals can register other optical network units that have not yet completed registration as needed.

[0165] In scenario seven, in this optional embodiment, the registration signal sent by the registered optical network unit partially conflicts with the uplink data frame sent by the working optical network unit, causing an error in the payload of the uplink data frame sent by the working optical network unit, with part of it in the idle bandwidth.

[0166] For simplicity, in this optional embodiment, the optical network unit authentication information database is stored in the optical line terminal (OLT). The OLT initiates a registration process for each optical network unit corresponding to the authentication information in the database, and each time initiates a registration process for one optical network unit that has not yet completed registration.

[0167] The optical line terminal (OLT) sends a registration request to the registered optical network unit (ONU). This registration request includes the ONU's authentication information, such as its serial number or the user's registration sequence. Additionally, the registration request may include a delay period before the ONU sends its registration information. The OLT also allocates a portion of the uplink bandwidth within the interference window to the working ONU to meet its bandwidth requirements.

[0168] After receiving a registration request from an optical line terminal (OLT), the registered optical network unit (ONU) parses the ONU authentication information and delay time (if the registration request includes this information), and determines whether its own authentication information matches the ONU authentication information in the registration request. If they match, the ONU responds to the registration request directly or after waiting for a specified delay time, sending a registration signal to the OLT.

[0169] The working optical network unit obtains the allocated bandwidth within the interference window and constructs an uplink data frame that matches the size of the allocated bandwidth. The preamble length of the uplink data frame is twice the preamble length of the normal data frame plus the length of the registration signal. The delimitation of the uplink data frame is lengthened and modified from the normal delimitation. The delimitation length is at least one length longer than the original delimitation length of the registration signal. After the uplink data frame is delimited, the payload is added with FEC check and FEC block interleaving is performed to form the final uplink data frame, so that the uplink data frame can be transmitted within the allocated bandwidth within the interference window.

[0170] The optical line terminal (OLT) receives uplink data frames from the working optical network unit (ONU) within the interference window. It processes the preamble to obtain the signal amplitude and recover the signal clock. After identifying and delimiting the lengthening variation, it obtains the uplink data frame payload. It restores the interleaved FEC blocks in the uplink data frame payload into independent FEC blocks and performs verification and error correction on these independent FEC blocks to obtain correct FEC data. If errors are detected and located in multiple independent FEC blocks, the errors in these multiple independent FEC blocks are correlated to pinpoint the location of the error in the uplink data frame sent by the working ONU. If registration information is detected in the idle bandwidth following the uplink data frame, the backhaul transmission time of the registered ONU is estimated by combining the location of the FEC block interleaving error and the delay time (if any) of the registered ONU sending the registration information. Based on the estimated backhaul transmission time of the registered ONU, the OLT opens an accurate quiet window for the registered ONU in the subsequent bandwidth allocation process. The registered ONU can send its own authentication information within this quiet window. The optical line terminal (OLT) can obtain the authentication information of the registered optical network unit (ONU) and perform ranging on the ONU within this quiet window. The ONU then cooperates with the OLT to further complete the registration process. Here, the quiet window can be either unallocated idle bandwidth or idle bandwidth obtained by the OLT through the overall bandwidth allocation algorithm.

[0171] Optical line terminals can register other optical network units that have not yet completed registration as needed.

[0172] Furthermore, in another optional embodiment of the present invention, in order to simplify the optical network unit registration mechanism, if an error occurs in the uplink data frame, only error correction is performed, without determining the location of the conflict signal, and registration signals are only detected within the idle bandwidth. If no registration signal is detected in the idle bandwidth, the bandwidth allocation within the interference window is adjusted to allow the optical network unit to re-register.

[0173] For simplicity, in this optional embodiment, the optical network unit authentication information database is stored in the optical line terminal (OLT). The OLT initiates a registration process for each optical network unit corresponding to the authentication information in the database, and each time initiates a registration process for one optical network unit that has not yet completed registration.

[0174] The optical line terminal (OLT) sends a registration request to the registered optical network unit (ONU). This registration request includes the ONU's authentication information, such as its serial number or the user's registration sequence. Additionally, the registration request may include a delay period before the ONU sends its registration information. The OLT also allocates a portion of the uplink bandwidth within the interference window to the working ONU to meet its bandwidth requirements.

[0175] After receiving a registration request from an optical line terminal (OLT), the registered optical network unit (ONU) parses the ONU authentication information and delay time (if the registration request includes this information), and determines whether its own authentication information matches the ONU authentication information in the registration request. If they match, the ONU responds to the registration request directly or after waiting for a specified delay time, sending a registration signal to the OLT.

[0176] The working optical network unit obtains the allocated bandwidth within the interference window and constructs an uplink data frame that matches the size of the allocated bandwidth. The preamble length of the uplink data frame is twice the preamble length of the normal data frame plus the length of the registration signal. The delimitation of the uplink data frame is lengthened and modified from the normal delimitation. The delimitation length is at least one length longer than the original delimitation length of the registration signal. After the uplink data frame is delimited, the payload is added with FEC check and FEC block interleaving is performed to form the final uplink data frame, so that the uplink data frame can be transmitted within the allocated bandwidth within the interference window.

[0177] The optical line terminal receives uplink data frames sent by the working optical network unit within the interference window. It performs fault tolerance and error correction processing on the extended preamble to obtain the signal amplitude and recover the signal clock. After performing fault tolerance and error correction processing on the extended change delimitation, it identifies the part or all of the repeated delimitation to obtain the uplink data frame payload. It restores the interleaved FEC blocks in the uplink data frame payload into independent FEC blocks and performs verification and error correction on the independent FEC blocks to obtain the correct FEC data.

[0178] The optical line terminal (OLT) detects a registration signal within the idle bandwidth of an interference window and estimates the signal's location within that idle bandwidth. For example, the optical module outputs a signal detection notification within the idle bandwidth of the interference window. Based on the signal detection notification's location and the delay time (if any) of the registered optical network unit (ONU) sending registration information, the OLT estimates the logical distance between the registered ONU and the OLT. Based on the estimated backhaul transmission time of the registered ONU, the OLT opens an accurate quiet window for the registered ONU during subsequent bandwidth allocation. The registered ONU can send its authentication information within this quiet window. The OLT can obtain the registered ONU's authentication information within this quiet window and perform distance measurement on the ONU. The ONU then cooperates with the OLT to further complete the registration process. Here, the quiet window can be either unallocated idle bandwidth or idle bandwidth obtained by the OLT through an overall bandwidth allocation algorithm.

[0179] Optical line terminals can register other optical network units that have not yet completed registration as needed.

[0180] Furthermore, in another optional embodiment of the present invention, if an error occurs in the uplink data frame, error correction is performed, and the location of the conflict signal is determined based on the error correction location. Registration signals are also detected within the idle bandwidth. If no registration signal is detected in either the idle bandwidth or the uplink data frame, the bandwidth allocation within the interference window is adjusted to allow the optical network unit to re-register.

[0181] For simplicity, in this optional embodiment, the optical network unit authentication information database is stored in the optical line terminal (OLT). The OLT initiates a registration process for each optical network unit corresponding to the authentication information in the database, and each time initiates a registration process for one optical network unit that has not yet completed registration.

[0182] The optical line terminal (OLT) sends a registration request to the registered optical network unit (ONU). This registration request includes authentication information for the registered ONU, such as its serial number or the registration sequence of the ONU user. Additionally, the registration request may include a delay period before the registered ONU sends its registration information. The OLT also allocates a portion of the uplink bandwidth within the interference window to the working ONU to meet its bandwidth requirements.

[0183] After receiving a registration request from an optical line terminal (OLT), the registered optical network unit (ONU) parses the ONU authentication information and delay time (if the registration request includes this information), and determines whether its own authentication information matches the ONU authentication information in the registration request. If they match, the ONU responds to the registration request directly or after waiting for a specified delay time, sending a registration signal to the OLT.

[0184] The working optical network unit obtains the allocated bandwidth within the interference window and constructs an uplink data frame whose size matches the allocated bandwidth. The preamble length of the uplink data frame is twice the preamble length of the normal data frame plus the length of the registration signal. The delimitation of the uplink data frame is lengthened and modified from the normal delimitation. The delimitation length is at least one length longer than the original delimitation length of the registration signal. After the uplink data frame is delimited, the payload is added with FEC check and FEC block interleaving is performed to form the final uplink data frame, so that the uplink data frame can be transmitted within the allocated bandwidth within the interference window.

[0185] The optical line terminal (OLT) receives uplink data frames sent by the working optical network unit (ONU) within the interference window. It performs error-tolerant and error-correcting processing on the extended preamble to obtain the signal amplitude and recover the signal clock. If error correction processing was performed on the extended preamble, the registration signal position is obtained. After error-tolerant and error-correcting processing on the extended change boundary, the extended change boundary is identified. If error correction processing was performed on the extended change boundary, the registration signal position is obtained. The uplink data frame payload is then obtained based on the extended change boundary. The interleaved FEC blocks in the uplink data frame payload are restored into independent FEC blocks, and the independent FEC blocks are checked and corrected to obtain the correct FEC data. If multiple FEC blocks have undergone error correction processing, the registration signal position is obtained based on the error correction processing. Then, by combining the registration signal positions obtained from the extended preamble error correction processing, extended change boundary error correction processing, and payload error correction processing, the backhaul transmission time of the registered ONU is estimated based on the location where the error occurred and the delay time (if any) of the registered ONU sending registration information. Based on the estimated backhaul transmission time of the registered optical network unit (ONU), the optical line terminal (OLT) opens an accurate quiet window for the ONU during the subsequent bandwidth allocation process. The ONU can send its authentication information within this quiet window. The OLT can obtain the ONU's authentication information and perform ranging on the ONU within this quiet window. The ONU then cooperates with the OLT to further complete the registration process. Here, the quiet window can be either unallocated idle bandwidth or idle bandwidth obtained by the OLT through the overall bandwidth allocation algorithm.

[0186] The optical line terminal (OLT) detects a registration signal within the idle bandwidth of an interference window and estimates the signal's location within that idle bandwidth. For example, the optical module outputs a signal detection notification within the idle bandwidth of the interference window. Based on the signal detection notification's location and the delay time (if any) of the registered optical network unit (ONU) sending registration information, the OLT estimates the logical distance between the registered ONU and the OLT. Based on the estimated backhaul transmission time of the registered ONU, the OLT opens an accurate quiet window for the registered ONU during subsequent bandwidth allocation. The registered ONU can send its authentication information within this quiet window. The OLT can obtain the registered ONU's authentication information within this quiet window and perform distance measurement on the ONU. The ONU then cooperates with the OLT to further complete the registration process. Here, the quiet window can be either unallocated idle bandwidth or idle bandwidth obtained by the OLT through an overall bandwidth allocation algorithm.

[0187] Optical line terminals can register other optical network units that have not yet completed registration as needed.

[0188] Optionally, the above method may further include the following execution steps:

[0189] Step S35: Obtain the first distance information of the second optical network unit.

[0190] Optionally, after obtaining the first distance information of the second optical network unit in step S35, the following execution steps may also be included:

[0191] Step S36: Open a second time window for the second optical network unit based on the first distance information to complete the registration of the second optical network unit. The second time window is used to obtain the authentication information of the second optical network unit and measure the second distance information between the optical line terminal and the second optical network unit.

[0192] When a working optical network unit transmits data within its allocated bandwidth during an interference window, it may encounter and be corrupted by a registration signal transmitted by a registered optical network unit. Therefore, redundant protection is required for data transmission by the working optical network unit during the interference window, ensuring that even if this data is corrupted by a collision, the optical line terminal can still recover it.

[0193] When a conflict arises between the registration signal sent by the registered optical network unit and the uplink data sent by the working optical network unit, the optical line terminal (OLT) uses redundancy protection measures to recover the uplink data sent by the conflicting working optical network unit, locate the conflict position, and initially obtain the round trip time (RTT) of the optical network unit. Based on the initial distance information determined by this round trip time (i.e., the first distance information mentioned above), the OLT opens a small quiet window (equivalent to the second time window mentioned above) for the registered optical network unit, acquires the registered optical network unit information, and performs precise ranging to obtain the precise distance information between the OLT and the second optical network unit (i.e., the second distance information mentioned above). After receiving the precise ranging command from the OLT, the registered optical network unit sends its own authentication information to the OLT.

[0194] Furthermore, when the registration signal sent by the registered optical network unit is entirely within the unallocated bandwidth of the interference window (equivalent to the second portion of the bandwidth mentioned above), the optical line terminal detects the registration signal and initially obtains the backhaul transmission time of the optical network unit. Based on the initial distance information determined by this backhaul transmission time (i.e., the first distance information mentioned above), the optical line terminal opens a small quiet window (equivalent to the second time window mentioned above) for the registered optical network unit, acquires the registered optical network unit information, and performs precise ranging to obtain the precise distance information between the optical line terminal and the second optical network unit (i.e., the second distance information mentioned above). After receiving the precise ranging command from the optical line terminal, the registered optical network unit sends its own authentication information to the optical line terminal.

[0195] The following will describe in further detail, with reference to an optional embodiment, how the registration signal arrives at the optical line terminal in the idle bandwidth.

[0196] In this optional embodiment, the registration signal arrives at the optical line terminal within the idle bandwidth. The registration signal sent by the registering optical network unit arrives at the optical line terminal within the idle bandwidth of the interference window, without conflicting with the uplink data frames sent by the working optical network unit.

[0197] For simplicity, in this optional embodiment, the optical network unit authentication information database is stored in the optical line terminal (OLT). The OLT initiates a registration process for each optical network unit corresponding to the authentication information in the database, and each time initiates a registration process for one optical network unit that has not yet completed registration.

[0198] The optical line terminal (OLT) sends a registration request to the registered optical network unit (ONU). This registration request includes the ONU's authentication information, such as its serial number or the user's registration sequence. Additionally, the registration request may include a delay period before the ONU sends its registration information. The OLT also allocates a portion of the uplink bandwidth within the interference window to the working ONU to meet its bandwidth requirements.

[0199] Upon receiving a registration request from an optical line terminal (OLT), the registered optical network unit (ONU) parses the ONU authentication information and delay time (if the registration request includes this information), and determines whether its own authentication information matches the ONU authentication information in the registration request. If they match, the ONU responds to the registration request directly or after waiting for a specified delay time, sending a registration signal to the OLT.

[0200] The working optical network unit obtains the allocated bandwidth within the interference window and constructs an uplink data frame whose size matches the allocated bandwidth. The preamble length of the uplink data frame is twice the preamble length of the normal data frame plus the length of the registration signal. The delimitation of the uplink data frame is lengthened and modified from the normal delimitation. The delimitation length is at least one length longer than the original delimitation length of the registration signal. After the uplink data frame is delimited, the payload is added with FEC check and FEC block interleaving is performed to form the final uplink data frame, so that the uplink data frame can be transmitted within the allocated bandwidth within the interference window.

[0201] The optical line terminal (OLT) detects a registration signal within the idle bandwidth of an interference window and estimates its location within that idle bandwidth. For example, the optical module outputs a signal detection prompt within the idle bandwidth of the interference window. Based on the location of the signal detection prompt and the delay time (if any) of the registered optical network unit (ONU) sending registration information, the OLT estimates the logical distance between the registered ONU and the OLT. Based on the estimated backhaul transmission time of the registered ONU, the OLT opens an accurate quiet window for the registered ONU in the subsequent bandwidth allocation process. The registered ONU can send its authentication information within this quiet window. The OLT can obtain the registered ONU's authentication information within this quiet window and perform distance measurement on the ONU. The ONU then cooperates with the OLT to further complete the registration process. Here, the quiet window can be either unallocated idle bandwidth or idle bandwidth obtained by the OLT through the overall bandwidth allocation algorithm.

[0202] Optical line terminals can register other optical network units that have not yet completed registration as needed.

[0203] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, when the optical line terminal does not detect the registration signal sent by the registered optical network unit, the optical line terminal may adjust the bandwidth allocated to the working optical network unit and the unallocated uplink bandwidth in the interference window so that the registered optical network unit can send the registration signal again, or the optical line terminal may allow the registered optical network unit to send the registration signal after a random delay, or the optical line terminal may suspend the registration of the optical network unit, perform the registration of other optical network units first and then restart the registration of the optical network unit, or wait for a period of time before restarting the registration of the optical network unit.

[0204] The following will describe in further detail, with reference to an optional embodiment, various scenarios under which the optical line terminal fails to detect a registration signal.

[0205] Scenario 1: The registration signal overlaps with the working data frame, but does not affect the working data frame.

[0206] In this embodiment, the registration signal sent by the registered optical network unit overlaps with the uplink data frame sent by the working optical network unit, but does not affect the uplink data frame sent by the working optical network unit.

[0207] To simplify the description, in this embodiment, the optical network unit authentication information database is stored in the optical line terminal. The optical line terminal initiates a registration process for each optical network unit corresponding to the authentication information in the optical network unit authentication information database, and each time it initiates a registration process for one optical network unit that has not completed registration.

[0208] The optical line terminal (OLT) sends a registration request to the registered optical network unit (ONU). The registration request includes the ONU's authentication information, such as its serial number or the user's registration sequence. It may also include the delay time required before the ONU sends the registration information. The OLT also allocates a portion of the uplink bandwidth within the interference window to the working ONU to meet its bandwidth requirements.

[0209] After receiving a registration request from an optical line terminal, the registered optical network unit (ONU) parses out the ONU authentication information and delay time (if the registration request contains this information), determines whether its own authentication information is consistent with the ONU authentication information in the registration request, and if they are consistent, responds to the registration request directly or after waiting for a specified delay time by sending a registration signal to the ONU.

[0210] The working optical network unit obtains the allocated bandwidth within the interference window and constructs an uplink data frame whose size matches the allocated bandwidth. The preamble length of the uplink data frame is twice the preamble length of the normal data frame plus the length of the registration signal. The delimitation of the uplink data frame is lengthened and modified from the normal delimitation. The delimitation length is at least one length longer than the original delimitation length of the registration signal. After the uplink data frame is delimited, FEC check is added to the payload and FEC block interleaving is performed to form the final uplink data frame. Finally, the uplink data frame is transmitted within the allocated bandwidth of the interference window.

[0211] The registration signal sent by the registered optical network unit overlaps with the working data frame sent by the working optical network unit, but this does not affect the working data frame. The optical line terminal (OLT) can correctly parse the working data frame and does not detect any errors. Within the interference window, the OLT receives the uplink data frame sent by the working optical network unit, processes the preamble to obtain the signal amplitude and recover the signal clock, identifies and delimits duplicates, obtains the uplink data frame payload, restores the interleaved FEC blocks in the uplink data frame payload to independent FEC blocks, and performs error correction and verification on the independent FEC blocks.

[0212] When the registered optical network unit is much farther from the optical line terminal than the working optical network unit is farther from the optical line terminal, the registration signal is much weaker than the working data frame signal, which may result in the situation described in this embodiment. However, this does not limit this embodiment or the present invention.

[0213] The optical line terminal can try adjusting the idle bandwidth position of the interference window or modifying the delay time, and then let the registered optical network unit re-register. Alternatively, the optical line terminal can pause the registration of the optical network unit first, and then register the optical network unit after the registration of other optical network units is completed.

[0214] Scenario 2: Optical network unit fails to register.

[0215] In this embodiment, the registered optical network unit did not respond to the registration request from the optical line terminal and did not send a registration signal.

[0216] To simplify the description, in this embodiment, the optical network unit authentication information database is stored in the optical line terminal. The optical line terminal initiates a registration process for each optical network unit corresponding to the authentication information in the optical network unit authentication information database, and each time it initiates a registration process for one optical network unit that has not completed registration.

[0217] The optical line terminal (OLT) sends a registration request to the registered optical network unit (ONU). The registration request includes the ONU's authentication information, such as its serial number or the user's registration sequence. It may also include the delay time required before the ONU sends the registration information. The OLT also allocates a portion of the uplink bandwidth within the interference window to the working ONU to meet its bandwidth requirements.

[0218] The registered optical network unit (ONU) failed to send a registration signal to the optical line terminal (OLT). This could be due to the ONU not being powered on, being in the process of starting up and unable to respond to the OLT, or being in an abnormal state and unable to respond to the OLT.

[0219] The working optical network unit obtains the allocated bandwidth within the interference window and constructs an uplink data frame whose size matches the allocated bandwidth. The preamble length of the uplink data frame is twice the preamble length of the normal data frame plus the length of the registration signal. The delimitation of the uplink data frame is lengthened and modified from the normal delimitation. The delimitation length is at least one length longer than the original delimitation length of the registration signal. After the uplink data frame is delimited, FEC check is added to the payload and FEC block interleaving is performed to form the final uplink data frame. Finally, the uplink data frame is transmitted within the allocated bandwidth of the interference window.

[0220] The optical line terminal (OLT) can correctly parse the working data frames without detecting any errors. Within the idle bandwidth of the interference window, the OLT does not detect any registration signals. Within the interference window, the OLT receives uplink data frames sent by the working optical network unit (ONU), processes the preamble to obtain the signal amplitude and recover the signal clock, continues to receive subsequent data streams, identifies duplicates and delimits them, obtains the uplink data frame payload, restores the interleaved FEC blocks in the uplink data frame payload to independent FEC blocks, and performs check and error correction on the independent FEC blocks.

[0221] The optical line terminal can try adjusting the idle bandwidth position of the interference window or modifying the delay time, and then let the registered optical network unit re-register. Alternatively, the optical line terminal can pause the registration of the optical network unit first, and then register the optical network unit after the registration of other optical network units is completed.

[0222] This embodiment also provides another data processing method for a passive optical network system operating on a working optical network unit. Figure 6 This is a flowchart of a data processing method for another passive optical network system according to one embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0223] Step S61: Obtain the first portion of bandwidth allocated by the optical line terminal;

[0224] Step S64: Send a first data frame to the optical line terminal within the first part of the bandwidth, and send a second data frame to the optical line terminal when the preset conditions are met. The first data frame is a service data frame sent by an optical network unit that has completed registration and is in operation, and the second data frame is a registration signal frame sent by an optical network unit that has not yet completed registration.

[0225] In one optional implementation, sending a second data frame to the optical line terminal when preset conditions are met can be achieved in one of the following ways, including but not limited to:

[0226] Method 1: The second optical network unit actively sends a second data frame to the optical line terminal;

[0227] Method 2: After receiving the registration request sent by the optical line terminal, the second optical network unit sends a second data frame;

[0228] Method 3: After receiving the registration request message and delay duration sent by the optical line terminal, the second optical network unit waits for the delay duration before sending the second data frame.

[0229] In the passive optical network system provided in this embodiment of the invention, the working optical network unit can send data frames during the registration process of the registering optical network unit. The optical line terminal can detect the registration signal sent by the registering optical network unit in idle bandwidth, and can also detect the registration signal and restore the conflicting working data when a conflict occurs between the registration signal and the working data, and roughly estimate the distance information between the registering optical network unit and the optical line terminal.

[0230] In passive optical networks (PONs), when an optical network unit (ONU) is registering, the working ONU can send data, making full use of the bandwidth within the interference window, improving bandwidth utilization, and reducing or even eliminating the delay caused by the interference window during the ONU registration process, thereby reducing the transmission delay in the PON system.

[0231] Optionally, the entity performing the above steps may be a working optical network unit, but is not limited to this.

[0232] Optionally, before sending the first data frame to the optical line terminal within the first portion of the bandwidth in step S64, the following execution steps may also be included:

[0233] Step S62: Obtain notification from the optical line terminal that redundancy protection measures have been taken for the first data frame;

[0234] Step S63: Take redundancy protection measures for the first data frame.

[0235] If necessary, when the optical line terminal allocates bandwidth within an interference window to the working optical network unit, it will also notify the working optical network unit to perform redundancy protection when transmitting data. The working optical network unit receives the bandwidth allocated by the optical line terminal within the interference window, and must perform data redundancy protection when transmitting data within these bandwidths.

[0236] In one alternative implementation, the optical line terminal allocates additional bandwidth in the interference window in addition to the normal bandwidth allocated to the working optical network unit, so that the working optical network unit can transmit data within the normal bandwidth and repeat the data transmitted within the normal bandwidth within the additional bandwidth.

[0237] After receiving the normal bandwidth and redundant bandwidth within the interference window allocated by the optical line terminal (OLT), the working optical network unit (ONU) transmits data within the normal bandwidth and retransmits the data transmitted within the normal bandwidth within the redundant bandwidth. By transmitting data within the normal bandwidth and retransmitting it within the redundant bandwidth, even if one copy of the data is corrupted by a collision, another copy remains intact, allowing the OLT to recover the uplink data from the uncorrupted data. This redundancy protection measure can be used when there is ample idle bandwidth within the interference window.

[0238] Optionally, in step S63, taking redundancy protection measures for the first data frame may include the following steps:

[0239] Step S631: The payload in the first data frame is encoded using a preset encoding method, wherein the damage range of the second data frame is within the error correction range of the encoding redundancy protection block of the preset encoding method.

[0240] The working optical network unit transmits data within the allocated bandwidth during the interference window, employing redundancy protection through coding such as FEC. The damage to the registered signal is within the error correction range of the coded redundancy protection block, allowing the optical line terminal (OLT) to recover the data damaged by the collision and pinpoint the erroneous bit. For example, when FEC uses Reed-Solomon RS(255,223), the error correction capability of the FEC block is (255-223) / 2 = 16 bytes. Therefore, when the damage to the registered signal does not exceed 16 bytes, the optical network unit can employ this redundancy protection measure.

[0241] The working optical network unit transmits data within the allocated bandwidth during the interference window, employing FEC (Flexible Encoding Coding) and other coding methods for redundancy protection. It also uses random interleaving of coding blocks to distribute concentrated errors caused by collisions across multiple coding blocks. During reception, the optical line terminal first deinterleaves the interleaved coding blocks to recover the individual coding blocks, performs checksum verification and error correction on each block, and then interleaves the coding blocks again to determine the location of the error. Taking RS(255,223) as an example, each FEC block is 255 bytes. The interleaving order of two FEC blocks is: bit 1 of the first FEC block, bit 2 of the second FEC block, bit 2 of the first FEC block, bit 2 of the second FEC block, ... bit 255 of the first FEC block, bit 255 of the second FEC block, forming a 510-byte FEC interleaved block. When the registration signal disrupts the FEC interleaved block by 16 bytes, the disruption is distributed across the two FEC blocks within the interleaved block, with each FEC block being disrupted by 8 bytes. Of course, more FEC blocks can be interleaved, and the interleaving process can be done in units of 1 bit or multiple bits. This will not be elaborated further here.

[0242] Optionally, in step S63, taking redundancy protection measures for the first data frame may include the following steps:

[0243] Step S632: The preamble in the first data frame is lengthened to obtain a lengthened preamble. The lengthened preamble is used by the optical line terminal to perform signal amplitude detection and signal clock recovery when a collision occurs.

[0244] The data transmitted by the working optical network unit (ONU) is a burst data frame, which includes preamble and delimiter fields. The preamble is mainly used by the optical line terminal (OLT) for signal amplitude detection and signal clock recovery, and is usually obtained by repeating a fixed bit sequence. The delimiter is used by the OLT to identify the start position of the burst data frame, and is also usually a fixed bit sequence. If the preamble and delimiter are damaged, the OLT may be unable to correctly parse the uplink data frame transmitted by the working ONU. Therefore, redundancy protection is required for the preamble and delimiter, including preamble lengthening and delimiter length variation. As an optional implementation, the preamble is lengthened to twice its original length plus the length of a registration signal, which appears at any position in the extended preamble. The OLT can complete signal amplitude detection and signal clock recovery in the extended preamble. The OLT can roughly determine the location of the registration signal collision by combining information such as the detected uplink data frame signal time point, the signal clock recovery completion time point, and the obtained delimiter position. As another optional implementation, the optical line terminal performs multiple signal amplitude detections at the beginning of the extended preamble and selects the signal amplitude with higher confidence to make a level decision for subsequent signals. Alternatively, after completing the signal amplitude detection in the extended preamble, the optical line terminal locks the signal amplitude for a longer period.

[0245] Optionally, in step S63, taking redundancy protection measures for the first data frame may include the following steps:

[0246] Step S633: The delimitation in the first data frame is lengthened to obtain the lengthened delimitation. The lengthened delimitation is used by the optical line terminal to identify at least a part of the delimitation when a collision occurs. The delimitation is used by the optical line terminal to identify the start position of the first data frame.

[0247] The working optical network unit can repeat the original boundary multiple times until it is at least one original boundary length longer than the registered signal. No matter where the collision of the registered signal with the repeated boundary occurs, the optical line terminal can find at least one correct part so that the location of the collision of the registered signal can be roughly determined based on the at least one correct part found.

[0248] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods according to the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention.

[0249] Example 2

[0250] This embodiment also provides a data processing apparatus for a passive optical network system, which is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred embodiments; details already described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that performs a predetermined function. Although the apparatus described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0251] Figure 7 This is a structural block diagram of a data processing apparatus for a passive optical network system according to one embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the device includes: an allocation module 10, configured to allocate a first portion of bandwidth to a first optical network unit within a first time window, wherein the first optical network unit has completed registration and is in a working state; and a processing module 20, configured to receive a first data frame from the first optical network unit within the time corresponding to the first portion of bandwidth, and detect a second data frame from a second optical network unit within the first time window, wherein the second optical network unit has not yet completed registration.

[0252] Optionally, the processing module 20 is configured to detect a second data frame from the second optical network unit within a second portion of the bandwidth other than the first portion of the bandwidth within a first time window.

[0253] Optionally, the processing module 20 is used to obtain the first data frame by utilizing the redundancy protection measures taken by the first optical network unit for the first data frame.

[0254] Optionally, the processing module 20 is further configured to obtain the conflict position between the second data frame and the first data frame when the first data frame is identified as having an error using the redundancy protection measures taken by the first optical network unit for the first data frame.

[0255] Optionally, Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of a data processing apparatus for a passive optical network system according to one optional embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the device includes, in addition to Figure 7 In addition to all the modules shown, it also includes: a positioning module 30, which is used to allocate a first portion of bandwidth in a subsequent first time window, the first portion of bandwidth corresponding to a time that does not include conflict locations, detect a second data frame from the second optical network unit in the first time window, and locate the conflict location again.

[0256] Optionally, Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of a data processing apparatus for a passive optical network system according to one optional embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the device includes, in addition to Figure 7 In addition to all the modules shown, it also includes: an acquisition module 40, used to acquire the first distance information of the second optical network unit.

[0257] Optionally, Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of a data processing apparatus for a passive optical network system according to one optional embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the device includes, in addition to Figure 7 In addition to all the modules shown, it also includes: a registration module 50, which is used to open a second time window for the second optical network unit according to the first distance information and complete the registration of the second optical network unit. The second time window is used to obtain the authentication information of the second optical network unit and measure the second distance information between the optical line terminal and the second optical network unit.

[0258] Optionally, Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of a data processing apparatus for a passive optical network system according to one optional embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the device includes, in addition to Figure 7 In addition to all the modules shown, it also includes: a notification module 60, used to notify the first optical network unit to take redundancy protection measures for the first data frame.

[0259] Optionally, the processing module 20 is further configured to recover the first data frame and locate the conflict position when an error is detected in the first data frame by the preset encoding method adopted by the first optical network unit for the payload of the first data frame, wherein the damage range of the conflict between the second data frame and the first data frame is within the error correction range of the encoding redundancy protection block of the preset encoding method.

[0260] Optionally, the processing module 20 is also used to restore the signal amplitude and / or signal clock and locate the conflict position when the signal amplitude and / or signal clock is detected to be abnormal during signal amplitude detection and / or signal clock recovery of the preamble after the lengthening processing of the first optical network unit.

[0261] Optionally, the processing module 20 is also configured to, when an error is detected in the delimitation processed by the first optical network unit, correctly identify at least one part of the delimitation, obtain the location where the delimitation error occurred, locate the conflict location, and obtain the starting position of the payload.

[0262] Optionally, Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of a data processing apparatus for a passive optical network system according to one optional embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the device includes, in addition to Figure 7 In addition to all the modules shown, it also includes: a sending module 70, used to send a registration request message to the second optical network unit, wherein the registration request message is used to notify the second optical network unit to send a second data frame, and the registration request message carries at least the first authentication information.

[0263] Optionally, Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of a data processing apparatus for a passive optical network system according to one optional embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the device includes, in addition to Figure 7 In addition to all the modules shown, it also includes: a storage module 80, used to store the authentication information of the first optical network unit and the second optical network unit, so as to initiate a registration process to the second optical network unit based on the authentication information. The authentication information includes: the identity information of each optical network unit and / or the identity information of the optical network unit user.

[0264] Optionally, the registration request message also carries a delay duration, which is used to instruct the second optical network unit to send the second data frame after waiting for the delay duration.

[0265] Figure 9 This is a structural block diagram of a data processing apparatus for another passive optical network system according to one embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 9 As shown, the device includes: an acquisition module 90, used to acquire a first portion of bandwidth allocated to the optical line terminal; and a processing module 92, used to send a first data frame to the optical line terminal within the first portion of bandwidth and to send a second data frame to the optical line terminal when preset conditions are met, wherein the first data frame is a service data frame sent by an optical network unit that has completed registration and is in operation, and the second data frame is a registration signal frame sent by an optical network unit that has not yet completed registration.

[0266] Optionally, Figure 10 This is a structural block diagram of a data processing device for another passive optical network system according to one optional embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 10 As shown, the device includes, in addition to Figure 9In addition to all the modules shown, it also includes: an acquisition module 94, used to acquire a notification from the optical line terminal that redundancy protection measures have been taken for the first data frame; and a protection module 96, used to take redundancy protection measures for the first data frame in response to the notification message.

[0267] Optionally, the protection module 96 is used to encode the payload in the first data frame using a preset encoding method, wherein the damage range of the second data frame is within the error correction range of the encoding redundancy protection block of the preset encoding method.

[0268] Optionally, the protection module 96 is used to lengthen the preamble in the first data frame to obtain a lengthened preamble, wherein the lengthened preamble is used by the optical line terminal to perform signal amplitude detection and signal clock recovery when a collision occurs.

[0269] Optionally, the protection module 96 is used to lengthen the boundary in the first data frame to obtain a lengthened boundary. The lengthened boundary is used by the optical line terminal to identify at least a part of the boundary when a collision occurs. The boundary is used by the optical line terminal to identify the starting position of the first data frame.

[0270] Optionally, the processing module 92 is used to send a second data frame to the optical line terminal when a preset condition is met, including one of the following: actively sending a second data frame to the optical line terminal; sending a second data frame after receiving a registration request message sent by the optical line terminal; or waiting for a delay after receiving a registration request message and a delay duration sent by the optical line terminal before sending a second data frame.

[0271] It should be noted that the above modules can be implemented by software or hardware. For the latter, they can be implemented in the following ways, but are not limited to: all the above modules are located in the same processor; or, the above modules are located in different processors in any combination.

[0272] Example 3

[0273] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the steps in any of the above method embodiments when running.

[0274] Optionally, in this embodiment, the storage medium may be configured to store a computer program for performing the following steps:

[0275] Step S1: Allocate a first portion of bandwidth to the first optical network unit within the first time window, wherein the first optical network unit has completed registration and is in working state;

[0276] Step S2: Receive a first data frame from the first optical network unit within the time corresponding to the first portion of the bandwidth, and detect a second data frame from the second optical network unit within the first time window, wherein the second optical network unit has not yet completed registration.

[0277] Optionally, in this embodiment, the storage medium may also be configured to store a computer program for performing the following steps:

[0278] Step S1: Obtain the first portion of bandwidth allocated by the optical line terminal;

[0279] Step S2: Send a first data frame to the optical line terminal within the first part of the bandwidth, and send a second data frame to the optical line terminal when the preset conditions are met. The first data frame is a service data frame sent by an optical network unit that has completed registration and is in operation, and the second data frame is a registration signal frame sent by an optical network unit that has not yet completed registration.

[0280] Optionally, in this embodiment, the storage medium may include, but is not limited to, various media capable of storing computer programs, such as USB flash drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0281] Example 4

[0282] Embodiments of the present invention also provide an electronic device including a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program and the processor being configured to run the computer program to perform the steps in any of the above method embodiments.

[0283] Optionally, the electronic device may further include a transmission device and an input / output device, wherein the transmission device is connected to the processor and the input / output device is connected to the processor.

[0284] Optionally, in this embodiment, the processor can be configured to perform the following steps via a computer program:

[0285] Step S1: Allocate a first portion of bandwidth to the first optical network unit within the first time window, wherein the first optical network unit has completed registration and is in working state;

[0286] Step S2: Receive a first data frame from the first optical network unit within the time corresponding to the first portion of the bandwidth, and detect a second data frame from the second optical network unit within the first time window, wherein the second optical network unit has not yet completed registration.

[0287] Optionally, in this embodiment, the processor may also be configured to perform the following steps via a computer program:

[0288] Step S1: Obtain the first portion of bandwidth allocated by the optical line terminal;

[0289] Step S2: Send a first data frame to the optical line terminal within the first part of the bandwidth, and send a second data frame to the optical line terminal when the preset conditions are met. The first data frame is a service data frame sent by an optical network unit that has completed registration and is in operation, and the second data frame is a registration signal frame sent by an optical network unit that has not yet completed registration.

[0290] Optionally, specific examples in this embodiment can refer to the examples described in the above embodiments and optional implementations, and will not be repeated here.

[0291] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented using general-purpose computing devices. They can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. Optionally, they can be implemented using computer-executable program code, thereby storing them in a storage device for execution by a computing device. In some cases, the steps shown or described can be performed in a different order than those presented herein, or they can be fabricated as separate integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps can be fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0292] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0293] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A registration method, characterized in that, include: The Optical Line Terminal (OLT) initiates a registration process for one or more Optical Network Units (ONUs) that have not completed registration, based on the Optical Network Unit Information Database (ONU Information Database). The ONU Information Database includes: ONU authentication information, which includes at least one of the following: the ONU's serial number, the ONU's Media Access Control (Media Access Control) address, and the ONU's user registration information. The method further includes: the optical line terminal sending a registration request to the unregistered registered optical network unit corresponding to the authentication information in the optical network unit information database, wherein the registration request includes the authentication information of the registered optical network unit.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before the optical line terminal (OLT) initiates a registration process for one or more ONUs based on the optical network unit information database, the method further includes: The Optical Line Terminal (OLT) determines the optical network unit information database.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The optical network unit information database is stored in at least one of the following: optical line terminal (OLT) and passive optical network management system.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical network unit information database includes: authentication information of a first optical network unit and authentication information of a second optical network unit; wherein, the method further includes: A first portion of bandwidth is allocated to the first optical network unit within the first time window, wherein the first optical network unit has completed registration and is in a working state; Within the first time window corresponding to the first portion of the bandwidth, a first data frame is received from the first optical network unit, and a second data frame is detected from the second optical network unit, wherein the second optical network unit has not yet completed registration.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Before detecting the second data frame from the second optical network unit within the first time window, the method further includes: A registration request message is sent to the second optical network unit, wherein the registration request message is used to notify the second optical network unit to send the second data frame, and the registration request message carries at least the authentication information of the second optical network unit.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The registration request message also carries a delay duration, which is used to instruct the second optical network unit to send the second data frame after waiting for the delay duration.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Before sending the registration request message to the second optical network unit, the method further includes: The authentication information of the first optical network unit and the second optical network unit is stored so as to initiate a registration process to the second optical network unit based on the authentication information. The authentication information includes: the identity information of each optical network unit and / or the identity information of the optical network unit user.

8. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Detecting the second data frame from the second optical network unit within the first time window includes: The second data frame from the second optical network unit was detected within a second portion of the bandwidth other than the first portion of the bandwidth within the first time window.

9. A registration device, characterized in that, Applications in optical line terminals (OLTs) include: The registration module is used to initiate a registration process for one or more optical network units (ONUs) that have not completed registration, based on the optical network unit information database corresponding to the authentication information in the optical network unit information database. The optical network unit information database includes: authentication information of the ONU, which includes at least one of the following: the serial number of the optical network unit, the media access control address of the optical network unit, and the registration information of the optical network unit user. The registration module is further configured to send a registration request to the unregistered registered optical network unit corresponding to the authentication information in the optical network unit information database, wherein the registration request includes the authentication information of the registered optical network unit.

10. The apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that, The device further includes: The determination module is used to determine the optical network unit information database.

11. The apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that, The optical network unit information database includes: authentication information of a first optical network unit and authentication information of a second optical network unit; wherein, the device further includes: The allocation module is used to allocate a first portion of bandwidth to the first optical network unit within a first time window, wherein the first optical network unit has completed registration and is in a working state. The processing module is configured to receive a first data frame from the first optical network unit within the time corresponding to the first portion of the bandwidth, and detect a second data frame from the second optical network unit within the first time window, wherein the second optical network unit has not yet completed registration.

12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a computer program, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the method described in any one of claims 1 to 8 when it is run.

13. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, characterized in that, The memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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