Lightning impulse discharge test observation device and method for line insulators under rain conditions

Abstract

The present invention relates to a lightning impulse discharge test observation device for line insulators under rain conditions, comprising a line insulator; a line insulator fixing device comprising an insulator ball head, a metal bracket and a counterweight box; a rain device comprising a fixed bracket, a movable bracket, a water spraying waterway and a lifting and pulling device; a water circulation device comprising a water pump, a water valve, a water pool, a water pipe and a water tank; a current measurement system comprising a Rogowski coil, a first coaxial BNC line and a first coaxial resistance attenuator; a voltage measurement system comprising a resistor-capacitor voltage divider, a second coaxial BNC line and a second coaxial resistance attenuator; and an arc synchronous observation device comprising a high-speed camera, a single-lens reflex camera, a photoelectric conversion module and a PC. The present invention adjusts the rainfall intensity during the test by adjusting the angle of the nozzle and the third water valve, can accurately simulate the working environment of the line insulator under different rain conditions, and has the characteristics of simple structure, strong operability and practicality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electrical engineering, and in particular to a lightning impulse discharge test observation device and method for line insulators under rain conditions. Background Art

[0002] The safe operation of the external insulation of power equipment is an important guarantee for the stable operation of the power system. With the increasing impact of global warming and extreme weather, heavy rain has seriously endangered the safe operation of the external insulation of power equipment. Heavy rain is a sudden, instantaneous rainfall with high intensity, which is often accompanied by lightning and strong winds. The occurrence of heavy rain may cause insulator flashover accidents and endanger the safe operation of the power system. The main reason is that after the heavy rain wets the surface of the external insulation, the electric field distribution of the dry and wet parts of the insulator is uneven, which is easy to cause electric field distortion; at the same time, the rain column generated by the heavy rain will quickly short-circuit the gap between the insulator umbrellas, resulting in a significant shortening of the discharge arc development path. The combined effect of these two aspects leads to a reduction in the flashover voltage of the external insulation of the transmission line.

[0003] In order to improve the reliability of the external insulation design of transmission lines, it is necessary to conduct research on the lightning impulse discharge characteristics and arc development laws of line insulators under heavy rain conditions. Existing research on the lightning impulse discharge characteristics of line insulators, especially the arc development laws, is not sufficient, which restricts the development of the field of external insulation technology of power systems. Therefore, professional simulation equipment and observation methods are needed to provide conditions for the research on the lightning impulse discharge characteristics and arc development laws of line insulators. The patent with publication number 114034630A involves a distribution insulator rain test device, the core of which includes a fixed support part of the distribution insulator sample, a fixed support part of the ultraviolet imager, an antenna support part, a rain device and a wind tunnel, which can test the discharge field strength changes of the insulator system under different forms of defects. However, this system is small in size and it is difficult to meet the test safety distance under lightning impulse conditions. It cannot adapt to higher simulation test requirements, and the test equipment has a slow shooting speed, and it is impossible to study the development law of the lightning impulse discharge arc. Summary of the invention

[0004] The primary purpose of the present invention is to provide a lightning impulse discharge test observation device for line insulators under rain conditions, which ensures the authenticity and effectiveness of the simulated natural environment, has a simple structure, can collect the lightning impulse flashover process of the line insulator in a heavy rain environment, has high collection accuracy, is less affected by interference, and has low shooting delay.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a lightning impulse discharge test observation device for line insulators under rain conditions, comprising a line insulator, a line insulator fixing device, a rain device, a water circulation device, a voltage measurement system, a current measurement system and an arc synchronous observation device; the line insulator fixing device comprises an insulator ball head, a metal bracket and a counterweight box, the rain device comprises a fixed bracket, a movable bracket, a water spray water channel and a lifting and traction device, the water circulation device comprises a water pump, a water valve, a water pool, a water pipe and a water tank, the current measurement system comprises a Rogowski coil, a first coaxial BNC line and a first coaxial resistance attenuator, the voltage measurement system comprises a resistor-capacitor voltage divider, a second coaxial BNC line and a second coaxial resistance attenuator, and the arc synchronous observation device comprises a high-speed camera, a SLR camera, a photoelectric conversion module and a PC.

[0006] The metal bracket is composed of a longitudinal support beam, a transverse support beam and an oblique support beam. The transverse support beam is located at the upper end of the longitudinal support beam. The bottom of the longitudinal support beam is a four-legged structure, and a counterweight box is installed at the position of each of the four legs. One end of the oblique support beam is installed on the longitudinal support beam, and the other end is installed on the transverse support beam. The insulator ball head is installed below the transverse support beam, and the line insulator is installed directly below the insulator ball head. The Rogowski coil is sandwiched between the transverse support beam and the insulator ball head.

[0007] The fixed bracket adopts a rectangular frame, and the lower end of the frame extends backward with a supporting leg; the lifting and traction device includes a guide wheel, a wire rope and an electric hoist; the guide wheel is fixed on the top of the fixed bracket, and the electric hoist is fixed on the bottom of the fixed bracket. One end of the wire rope is wound around the motor output shaft of the electric hoist, and the other end of the wire rope is fixed around the guide wheel at the upper end of the movable bracket. The movable bracket is a rectangular frame. The fixed bracket and the movable bracket are both made of metal profiles. Vertical groove slide rails are provided on both sides of the fixed bracket and the movable bracket. A straight connecting plate is installed in the groove slide rails of the fixed bracket and the movable bracket. The straight connecting plate has threaded holes for bolts to pass through. The fixed bracket and the movable bracket are connected by the straight connecting plate, The movable bracket is connected by bolts and nuts to the groove slide rail; a water spraying waterway is fixed on the movable bracket, and the water spraying waterway includes a vertical main pipeline, a first vertical branch pipeline, a second vertical branch pipeline, a first horizontal pipeline and a second horizontal pipeline, the first vertical branch pipeline and the second vertical branch pipeline are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the movable bracket, and the vertical main pipeline is located in the middle of the first vertical branch pipeline and the second vertical branch pipeline. The first horizontal pipe and the second horizontal pipe are respectively installed on the upper and lower sides of the movable bracket, and the two ends of the first horizontal pipe are connected with the upper ends of the first vertical branch pipe and the second vertical branch pipe through a two-way joint, and the middle position of the first horizontal pipe is connected with the upper end of the vertical main pipe through a tee, and the two ends of the second horizontal pipe are respectively connected with the lower ends of the first vertical branch pipe and the second vertical branch pipe through a two-way joint, and the middle position of the second horizontal pipe is respectively connected with the lower end of the vertical main pipe and the water pipe of the water circulation device through a four-way joint. The vertical main pipe, the first vertical branch pipe and the second vertical branch pipe are all provided with a plurality of three-way joints, and the three-way joints are connected to the L-shaped elbow through a third water valve, and the other end of the L-shaped elbow is connected to the nozzle of the nozzle installed through a straight-through.

[0008] The water valve includes a first water valve and a second water valve, and the water pump includes a first water pump and a second water pump. The first water pump is located in the water tank, and the first water pump is connected to the water spraying waterway through the first water valve and the water pipe in sequence. The second water pump is located in the water pool, and the second water pump is connected to one end of the second water valve through the water pipe, and the other end of the second water valve is extended into the water tank through the water pipe.

[0009] The output end of the resistor-capacitor voltage divider is connected to the input end of the second coaxial resistor attenuator through a second coaxial BNC line, and the output end of the second coaxial resistor attenuator is connected to the first input end of the oscilloscope; the output end of the Rogowski coil is connected to the input end of the first coaxial resistor attenuator through a first coaxial BNC line, and the output end of the first coaxial resistor attenuator is connected to the second input end of the oscilloscope, and the output end of the oscilloscope is connected to the input end of the high-speed camera, and the output end of the high-speed camera is connected to the input end of the first photoelectric conversion module; the SLR camera includes a first SLR camera and a second SLR camera, and the output ends of the first SLR camera and the second SLR camera are both connected to the input end of the second photoelectric conversion module, and the output ends of the first photoelectric conversion module and the second photoelectric conversion module are both connected to the input end of the PC.

[0010] Another object of the present invention is to provide an observation method for a lightning impulse discharge test observation device of a line insulator under rain conditions, the method comprising the following steps in sequence:

[0011] (1) First, connect the grounding terminal of the test line insulator to the insulator ball head and ground it, and connect the high-voltage end of the line insulator to the voltage-grading ring of the impulse generator; turn on the control platform, high-speed camera, SLR camera and photoelectric conversion module of the impulse generator, and adjust the shooting speed, exposure and aperture of the high-speed camera and SLR camera, and adjust the trigger level of the oscilloscope voltage trigger signal;

[0012] (2) According to the test requirements, industrial sodium chloride is added to the water tank. After the conductivity of the test water reaches 300 to 2000 μS / cm, the electric hoist is used to control the steel wire rope to adjust the movable bracket to slide upward, and then the first water pump is turned on. The test water flows from the water tank through the first water pump and the water pipe into the vertical main pipeline of the water spray group, and is then diverted to the first vertical branch pipeline and the second vertical branch pipeline through the vertical main pipeline. Under the action of water pressure, the test water flows upward into the nozzle, and is squeezed by the nozzle and sprayed onto the surface of the line insulator;

[0013] (3) Adjust the first water valve to control the water pressure and simulate the actual situation of heavy rain and torrential rain in the natural environment; adjust the vertical angle of the L-shaped elbow to adjust the angle of the nozzle so that the test water reaches the surface of the line insulator at a 45° angle to the line insulator;

[0014] (4) When the rainfall, conductivity and angle of water reaching the surface of the line insulator meet the test requirements, set and release the impulse generator discharge voltage, and record the voltage and current signals collected during the discharge process and the arc development path image;

[0015] (5) After multiple tests, close the first water valve, open the second water valve, and pump the water in the pool into the water tank for next use; turn off the power supply of the voltage measuring device, current measuring device, arc synchronous observation device and impulse generator.

[0016] It can be seen from the above technical scheme that the beneficial effects of the present invention are: first, the present invention can adjust the rainfall intensity, rain angle, raindrop size, rainwater conductivity, etc. by adjusting the nozzle angle according to the test requirements, thereby ensuring the authenticity and effectiveness of simulating the natural environment; second, the present invention adopts a modular design, with a simple structure and easy-to-obtain components, which can be modified according to test requirements; a water circulation device is provided under the line insulator to improve water utilization and reduce water resource waste; third, the present invention can realize the collection of lightning impulse flashover processes of line insulators under heavy rain environments, and has the characteristics of high collection accuracy, little interference, and low shooting delay. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the movable bracket and the water spraying waterway in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the movable bracket, the fixed bracket and the lifting and traction device in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a line insulator fixing device and a line insulator in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the movable bracket in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fixing bracket in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a straight connecting plate in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 It is a circuit block diagram of the voltage measurement system, current measurement system and arc synchronization observation device in the present invention;

[0025] Fig. 9 is a circuit block diagram of the voltage measurement system in the present invention;

[0026] Fig.10 It is a circuit block diagram of the current measurement system in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] like Figure 1As shown, a lightning impulse discharge test observation device for line insulators under rain conditions includes a line insulator 2, a line insulator fixing device, a rain device, a water circulation device, a voltage measurement system, a current measurement system and an arc synchronous observation device; the line insulator fixing device includes an insulator ball head 36, a metal bracket and a counterweight box 37, the rain device includes a fixed bracket 8, a movable bracket 7, a water spray water channel and a lifting and traction device, the water circulation device includes a water pump, a water valve, a water pool 14, a water pipe 10 and a water tank 13, the current measurement system includes a Rogowski coil 6, a first coaxial BNC line and a first coaxial resistance attenuator, the voltage measurement system includes a resistor-capacitor voltage divider 15, a second coaxial BNC line and a second coaxial resistance attenuator, and the arc synchronous observation device includes a high-speed camera 4, a SLR camera, a photoelectric conversion module and a PC.

[0028] like Figure 4 As shown, the metal bracket is composed of a longitudinal support beam 20, a transverse support beam and an oblique support beam 35. The transverse support beam is located at the upper end of the longitudinal support beam 20. The bottom of the longitudinal support beam 20 is a four-legged structure, and a counterweight box 37 is installed at the position of each of the four legs. One end of the oblique support beam 35 is installed on the longitudinal support beam 20, and the other end is installed on the transverse support beam. The insulator ball head 36 is installed below the transverse support beam, and the line insulator 2 is installed directly below the insulator ball head 36. The Rogowski coil 6 is sandwiched between the transverse support beam and the insulator ball head 36.

[0029] like Figure 2 , 3As shown in Figures 5, 6 and 7, the fixed bracket 8 adopts a rectangular frame, and the lower end of the frame extends the support leg 1 backward; the lifting and traction device includes a guide wheel 31, a wire rope 33 and an electric hoist 34; the guide wheel 31 is fixed on the top of the fixed bracket 8, and the electric hoist 34 is fixed on the bottom of the fixed bracket 8. One end of the wire rope 33 is wound around the motor output shaft of the electric hoist 34, and the other end of the wire rope 33 is fixed around the guide wheel 31 and is fixed to the upper end of the movable bracket 7. The movable bracket 7 is a rectangular frame. The fixed bracket 8 and the movable bracket 7 are both made of metal profiles. Vertical groove slide rails are provided on both sides of the fixed bracket 8 and the movable bracket 7. A straight connecting plate 32 is installed in the groove slide rails of the fixed bracket 8 and the movable bracket 7. The straight connecting plate 32 is provided with a threaded hole 30 for the bolt to pass through. The fixed bracket 8 and the movable bracket 7 are connected by connecting the groove slide rail with the straight connecting plate 32, bolts and nuts; The movable bracket 7 is fixed with a water spraying waterway, which includes a vertical main pipe 27, a first vertical branch pipe 17, a second vertical branch pipe 29, a first horizontal pipe 18 and a second horizontal pipe 28. The first vertical branch pipe 17 and the second vertical branch pipe 29 are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the movable bracket 7, and the vertical main pipe 27 is located in the middle of the first vertical branch pipe 17 and the second vertical branch pipe 29. The first horizontal pipe 18 and the second horizontal pipe 28 are respectively installed on the upper and lower sides of the movable bracket 7. The two ends of the first horizontal pipe 18 are respectively connected to the upper ends of the first vertical branch pipe 17 and the second vertical branch pipe 29 through two-way joints 19. The middle position of the first horizontal pipe 18 is connected with the upper end of the vertical main pipe 27 through a tee, and the two ends of the second horizontal pipe 28 are respectively connected with the lower ends of the first vertical branch pipe 17 and the second vertical branch pipe 29 through a two-way joint 19. The middle position of the second horizontal pipe 28 is respectively connected with the lower end of the vertical main pipe 27 and the water pipe 10 of the water circulation device through a four-way joint 26. The vertical main pipe 27, the first vertical branch pipe 17, and the second vertical branch pipe 29 are all provided with a plurality of three-way joints 21, and the three-way joints 21 are connected to the L-shaped bend 22 through a third water valve 25, and the other end of the L-shaped bend 22 is connected with the nozzle of the spray head 9 through a straight joint 23.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the water valve includes a first water valve and a second water valve 24, and the water pump includes a first water pump 12 and a second water pump 16. The first water pump 12 is located in the water tank 13, and the first water pump 12 is connected to the water spray waterway through the first water valve and the water pipe 10 in sequence. The second water pump 16 is located in the pool 14, and the second water pump 16 is connected to one end of the second water valve 24 through the water pipe 10, and the other end of the second water valve 24 is extended into the water tank 13 through the water pipe 10.

[0031] like Figure 8, 9 As shown in 10, the output end of the RC voltage divider 15 is connected to the input end of the second coaxial resistor attenuator through a second coaxial BNC line, and the output end of the second coaxial resistor attenuator is connected to the first input end of the oscilloscope; the output end of the Rogowski coil 6 is connected to the input end of the first coaxial resistor attenuator through a first coaxial BNC line, the output end of the first coaxial resistor attenuator is connected to the second input end of the oscilloscope, the output end of the oscilloscope is connected to the input end of the high-speed camera 4, and the output end of the high-speed camera 4 is connected to the input end of the first photoelectric conversion module; the SLR camera includes a first SLR camera 3 and a second SLR camera 5, the output ends of the first SLR camera 3 and the second SLR camera 5 are both connected to the input end of the second photoelectric conversion module, and the output ends of the first photoelectric conversion module and the second photoelectric conversion module are both connected to the input end of the PC.

[0032] The method comprises the following steps in order:

[0033] (1) First, connect the grounding terminal of the test line insulator 2 to the insulator ball head 36 and ground it, and connect the high-voltage end of the line insulator 2 to the voltage-grading ring of the impulse generator; turn on the control platform, high-speed camera 4, SLR camera and photoelectric conversion module of the impulse generator, and adjust the shooting speed, exposure and aperture of the high-speed camera 4 and SLR camera, and adjust the trigger level of the oscilloscope voltage trigger signal;

[0034] (2) According to the test requirements, a certain amount of industrial sodium chloride is added to the water tank 13. After the conductivity of the test water reaches 300 to 2000 μS / cm, the electric hoist 34 is used to control the steel wire rope 33 to adjust the movable bracket 7 to slide upward to a certain distance, and then the first water pump 12 is turned on. The test water flows from the water tank 13 through the first water pump 12 and the water pipe 10 into the vertical main pipe 27 of the water spray group, and is branched into the first vertical branch pipe 17 and the second vertical branch pipe 29 through the vertical main pipe 27; under the action of water pressure, the test water flows upward into the nozzle 9, and is squeezed by the nozzle 9 and sprayed onto the surface of the line insulator 2;

[0035] (3) Adjust the first water valve 11 to control the water pressure and simulate the actual situation of heavy rain and torrential rain in the natural environment; adjust the vertical angle of the L-shaped elbow 22 to adjust the angle of the nozzle 9 so that the test water reaches the surface of the line insulator 2 at a 45° angle to the line insulator 2;

[0036] (4) When the rainfall, conductivity and angle of the water reaching the surface of the line insulator 2 meet the test requirements, set and release the discharge voltage of the impulse generator, and record the voltage and current signals collected during the discharge process and the arc development path image;

[0037] (5) After multiple tests, close the first water valve, open the second water valve 24, and pump the water in the pool 14 to the water tank 13 for next use; turn off the power supply of the voltage measuring device, the current measuring device, the arc synchronous observation device and the impulse generator.

[0038] The following combination Figures 1 to 10 The present invention is further described.

[0039] The first SLR camera 3 and the second SLR camera 5 are respectively located on the left and right 45° lines of the line insulator, and the high-speed camera 4 is located behind the first SLR camera 3 .

[0040] The counterweight box 37 is made of 10kg metal concrete and is fixed to the foot of the metal bracket by pressing. The foot of the metal bracket adopts 2000*40*40mm European standard profile with a wall thickness of 1.5mm. It is connected to the longitudinal support beam 20 and the adjacent foot by angle codes, bolts and nuts. The bolts are M8*20mm T-bolts and the nuts are M8 white zinc-plated nuts.

[0041] The transverse support beam 23 of the metal bracket adopts 4000*40*40mm European standard profile with a wall thickness of 1.5mm, and the longitudinal support beam 20 adopts 6000*40*80mm European standard profile with a wall thickness of 1.8mm. The transverse support beam 23 and the longitudinal support beam 20 are connected and fixed by 90° angle code, bolts and nuts, and the 90° angle code adopts 35mm wide extruded aluminum; a 45° oblique support beam 35 is placed between the transverse support beam 23 and the longitudinal support beam 20, which are connected and fixed by 45° angle code, bolts and nuts, and the 45° angle code adopts 35mm wide CNC processed aluminum, and the oblique support beam 35 adopts 2000*40*40mm European standard profile with a wall thickness of 1.5mm, and the two ends are at a 45° angle; the function of the oblique support beam 35 is to support the transverse support beam 23 and connect the transverse support beam 23 with the longitudinal support beam 20. This structure can realize the up and down and front and back movement of the transverse support beam 23 on the longitudinal support beam 20 by moving the angle code.

[0042] The guide wheel 31 adopts a 35#H-type single-wheel rail wheel with a diameter of 35mm and a total length of 66mm; the wire rope 33 adopts a commercially available 304 stainless steel wire rope with a diameter of 6mm and a maximum load of 833kg; the electric hoist 34 adopts a commercially available KM500-1000 electric hoist with a rated load of 500kg; the electric hoist 34 is placed on the axis of the fixed bracket 8. The straight connecting plate 32 adopts a 6063-T5 aluminum 4040-2 hole-type plate with a size of 80*38*6mm.

[0043] The vertical main pipeline 27 adopts a commercially available PVC hose with a diameter of 25 mm, a wall thickness of 2 mm, and a pipe length of 10 m; the first vertical branch pipeline 17, the second vertical branch pipeline 29, the first horizontal pipeline 18, and the second horizontal pipeline 28 adopt commercially available PVC hard pipes with a diameter of 16 mm and a wall thickness of 2 mm; the L-shaped elbow 22 adopts a commercially available PL16-02 quick-plug elbow, which can achieve 0-180° adjustment in the vertical direction; the three-way connector 21 adopts a commercially available PE16 quick-plug connector; the four-way connector 26 adopts a commercially available 12 mm cross four-way pagoda connector; the third water valve 25 adopts a commercially available 12 mm double-headed ball valve.

[0044] The nozzle 9 is a stainless steel conical nozzle, or a stainless steel linear nozzle; the spray angle of the nozzle 9 is adjusted by adjusting the rotation angle of the L-shaped elbow 22. The nozzle group adopts a commercially available 2:1 / 4 external tooth conical adjustable nozzle with a diameter of 1mm; the straight-through 23 adopts a commercially available 2:1 / 4 internal tooth 304 straight-through type; the L-shaped elbow 22 adopts a commercially available PL16-02 quick-insert elbow, which can be adjusted 0-180° in the vertical direction.

[0045] The first water pump 12 adopts a commercially available 750W 1-inch water pump with a head of 18m and a flow rate of 1.5m3 / h; the first water valve 11 and the second water valve 9 both adopt AM6 double external thread ball valves; the water pipe 10 adopts a commercially available PVC hose with a diameter of 25mm, a wall thickness of 2mm, and a pipe length of 20m; the water tank 13 adopts a plastic water tank with a capacity of 600L.

[0046] The shape of the water pool 14 is circular or square; the second water pump 16 is a 370W water pump with a head of 8m and a flow rate of 1m3 / h; the water pool 14 is a canvas water pool with a bracket, with a diameter of 3m and a height of 0.5m.

[0047] The Rogowski coil is a commercially available 110A type with a rated current of 10000A; the first and second coaxial resistance attenuators are commercially available 20DB, 4GHz BNC attenuators; and the first and second BNC transmission lines are commercially available RG-316 high-frequency coaxial cables.

[0048] The high-speed camera 4 adopts the commercially available FASTCAM SAZ type, with a maximum shooting speed of 2,100,000fps and a maximum resolution of 1024×1024 pixels; the first SLR camera 3 and the second SLR camera 5 adopt Nikon D750 cameras, with a shutter speed of 30-1 / 4000 seconds and 24.32 million pixels. The first SLR camera 3 and the second SLR camera 5 are connected to the computer through the second photoelectric conversion module in a photoelectric isolation transmission mode, and the first SLR camera 3 and the second SLR camera 5 are controlled by computer software to shoot arcs. The first photoelectric conversion module adopts the commercially available JL-1000AB gigabit single-fiber transceiver, and the second photoelectric conversion module adopts the commercially available aopre-2USB transceiver.

[0049] In summary, the present invention has been proven to be feasible through experiments in the laboratory. The rainfall intensity can be adjusted during the experiment by adjusting the angle of the nozzle 9 and the third water valve 25. The working environment of the line insulator 2 under different rain conditions can be accurately simulated, and the present invention has the characteristics of simple structure, strong operability and practicality.

Claims

1. A lightning impulse discharge test observation device for line insulators under rain conditions, characterized in that: It includes a line insulator, a line insulator fixing device, a shower device, a water circulation device, a voltage measurement system, a current measurement system and an arc synchronous observation device; the line insulator fixing device includes an insulator ball head, a metal bracket and a counterweight box, the shower device includes a fixed bracket, a movable bracket, a water spray water channel and a lifting and traction device, the water circulation device includes a water pump, a water valve, a pool, a water pipe and a water tank, the current measurement system includes a Rogowski coil, a first coaxial BNC line and a first coaxial resistance attenuator, the voltage measurement system includes a resistor-capacitor voltage divider, a second coaxial BNC line and a second coaxial resistance attenuator, and the arc synchronous observation device includes a high-speed camera, a SLR camera, a photoelectric conversion module and a PC; The metal bracket is composed of a longitudinal support beam, a transverse support beam and an oblique support beam. The transverse support beam is located at the upper end of the longitudinal support beam. The bottom of the longitudinal support beam is a four-leg structure. A counterweight box is installed at each of the four legs. One end of the oblique support beam is installed on the longitudinal support beam, and the other end is installed on the transverse support beam. The insulator ball head is installed below the transverse support beam, and the line insulator is installed directly below the insulator ball head. The Rogowski coil is sandwiched between the transverse support beam and the insulator ball head. The fixed bracket adopts a rectangular frame, and a supporting leg extends backward from the lower end of the frame; the lifting and traction device includes a guide wheel, a wire rope and an electric hoist; a guide wheel is fixed on the top of the fixed bracket, and an electric hoist is fixed on the bottom of the fixed bracket, one end of the wire rope is wrapped around the motor output shaft of the electric hoist, and the other end of the wire rope is fixed around the guide wheel and fixed to the upper end of the movable bracket; the movable bracket is a rectangular frame, and the fixed bracket and the movable bracket are both made of metal profiles, and vertical groove slide rails are provided on both sides of the fixed bracket and the movable bracket, and a straight connecting plate is installed in the groove slide rails of the fixed bracket and the movable bracket, and a threaded hole for bolts to pass through is provided on the straight connecting plate, and the fixed bracket and the movable bracket are connected by connecting the groove slide rail with a straight connecting plate, bolts, and nuts; a water spraying waterway is fixed on the movable bracket, and the water spraying waterway includes a vertical main pipeline, a first vertical branch pipeline, a second vertical branch pipeline, a first horizontal pipeline and a second horizontal pipeline The first vertical branch pipe and the second vertical branch pipe are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the movable bracket, the vertical main pipe is located in the middle of the first vertical branch pipe and the second vertical branch pipe, the first horizontal pipe and the second horizontal pipe are respectively installed on the upper and lower sides of the movable bracket, the two ends of the first horizontal pipe are connected with the upper ends of the first vertical branch pipe and the second vertical branch pipe through a two-way joint, the middle position of the first horizontal pipe is connected with the upper end of the vertical main pipe through a tee, the two ends of the second horizontal pipe are connected with the lower ends of the first vertical branch pipe and the second vertical branch pipe through a two-way joint, the middle position of the second horizontal pipe is connected with the lower end of the vertical main pipe and the water pipe of the water circulation device through a four-way joint, the vertical main pipe, the first vertical branch pipe and the second vertical branch pipe are all provided with a plurality of three-way joints, the three-way joints are connected with the L-shaped elbow through a third water valve, and the other end of the L-shaped elbow is connected with the nozzle of the nozzle installed through a straight-through nozzle.

2. The lightning impulse discharge test observation device for line insulators under rain conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water valve includes a first water valve and a second water valve, and the water pump includes a first water pump and a second water pump. The first water pump is located in the water tank, and the first water pump is connected to the water spraying waterway through the first water valve and the water pipe in sequence. The second water pump is located in the water pool, and the second water pump is connected to one end of the second water valve through the water pipe, and the other end of the second water valve is extended into the water tank through the water pipe.

3. The lightning impulse discharge test observation device for line insulators under rain conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The output end of the resistor-capacitor voltage divider is connected to the input end of the second coaxial resistor attenuator through a second coaxial BNC line, and the output end of the second coaxial resistor attenuator is connected to the first input end of the oscilloscope; the output end of the Rogowski coil is connected to the input end of the first coaxial resistor attenuator through a first coaxial BNC line, and the output end of the first coaxial resistor attenuator is connected to the second input end of the oscilloscope, and the output end of the oscilloscope is connected to the input end of the high-speed camera, and the output end of the high-speed camera is connected to the input end of the first photoelectric conversion module; the SLR camera includes a first SLR camera and a second SLR camera, and the output ends of the first SLR camera and the second SLR camera are both connected to the input end of the second photoelectric conversion module, and the output ends of the first photoelectric conversion module and the second photoelectric conversion module are both connected to the input end of the PC.

4. The observation method of the lightning impulse discharge test observation device for line insulators under rain conditions according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps in order: (1) First, connect the grounding terminal of the test line insulator to the insulator ball head and ground it, and connect the high-voltage end of the line insulator to the voltage-equalizing ring of the impulse generator; turn on the control platform, high-speed camera, SLR camera and photoelectric conversion module of the impulse generator, and adjust the shooting speed, exposure and aperture of the high-speed camera and SLR camera, and adjust the trigger level of the oscilloscope voltage trigger signal; (2) According to the test requirements, industrial sodium chloride is added to the water tank. After the conductivity of the test water reaches 300 to 2000 μS / cm, the electric hoist is used to control the steel wire rope to adjust the movable bracket to slide upward, and then the first water pump is turned on. The test water flows from the water tank through the first water pump and the water pipe into the vertical main pipeline of the water spray group, and is then diverted to the first vertical branch pipeline and the second vertical branch pipeline through the vertical main pipeline. Under the action of water pressure, the test water flows upward into the nozzle, and is squeezed by the nozzle and sprayed onto the surface of the line insulator. (3) Adjust the first water valve to control the water pressure and simulate the actual situation of heavy rain and torrential rain in the natural environment; adjust the vertical angle of the L-shaped elbow to adjust the angle of the nozzle so that the test water reaches the surface of the line insulator at a 45° angle to the line insulator; (4) When the rainfall, conductivity and angle of water reaching the surface of the line insulator meet the test requirements, set and release the impulse generator discharge voltage, and record the voltage and current signals collected during the discharge process and the arc development path image; (5) After multiple tests, close the first water valve, open the second water valve, and pump the water in the pool into the water tank for next use; turn off the power supply of the voltage measuring device, current measuring device, arc synchronous observation device and impulse generator.

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