Finishing edge blade and cutting tool having the same

Abstract

The present invention provides a finishing edge blade and a cutting tool having the same. The finishing edge blade includes: a tool body (10), the tool body (10) includes a cutting portion (20), the cutting portion (20) is used for cutting and machining a workpiece, the cutting portion (20) includes a plurality of finishing edges (21), adjacent finishing edges (21) are connected by a transition surface (30), and the auxiliary rake angles of the plurality of finishing edges (21) are set differently. By adopting the technical solution of the present application, the problem that the finishing edge blade in the prior art loses the finishing effect when installed on different tool shanks is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tool design, and in particular, to a finishing edge blade and a tool having the same. Background Art

[0002] A finishing edge is a cutting tool structure. Structurally, the finishing edge mainly functions to increase the impact resistance of the tool tip and reduce the surface roughness value of the workpiece.

[0003] The finishing edge tool improves the machining quality of the machined surface by reducing the fitting angle (i.e., the auxiliary cutting edge angle, usually 0 - 3°) between the cutting edge of the tool and the machined surface, and squeezing or scraping the machined surface. In the prior art, there is only one or two symmetric finishing edges at one tool tip, so that a finishing edge tool can only function when it is installed on a specific tool shank and forms a specific cutting edge angle during the machining process. The same type of blade can correspond to several tool shanks with different major cutting edge angles and left- and right-hand tool shanks. After the finishing edge tool is replaced with another tool shank, the finishing edge of the tool will become ineffective. When the finishing edge blade simultaneously processes different parts such as the outer circle, the end face, or profiling machining, it will also become ineffective.

[0004] Aiming at the problem that the finishing edge blade in the prior art loses its finishing effect when installed on different tool shanks, no effective solution has been proposed yet. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main object of the present invention is to provide a finishing edge blade and a tool having the same, so as to solve the problem that the finishing edge blade in the prior art loses its finishing effect when installed on different tool shanks.

[0006] To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a finishing edge blade, including: a tool body, the tool body includes a cutting portion for cutting a workpiece, the cutting portion includes a plurality of finishing edges, and adjacent finishing edges are connected by a transition surface, and the auxiliary cutting edge angles of the plurality of finishing edges are set differently.

[0007] Further, the plurality of finishing edges are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of tool shanks having different preset major cutting edge angles, so that when the tool body is connected to any one of the plurality of tool shanks, there is a finishing edge corresponding to the tool shank for finishing the workpiece.

[0008] Further, an installation hole is provided in the middle of the finishing edge blade, and the radial cross-section of the finishing edge blade along the installation hole is a polygon, and at least one vertex angle of the polygon is provided with a cutting portion.

[0009] Further, there are two cutting portions, and the two cutting portions are symmetrically arranged at 180° about the central axis of the installation hole.

[0010] Further, adjacent finishing edges are connected by a transitional arc surface or a transitional plane. When adjacent finishing edges are connected by a transitional arc surface, the transitional arc surface is tangent to the finishing edge, and the first arc diameter of the transitional arc surface is R1, where 0.1 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 2 mm.

[0011] Further, the shape of the finishing edge is an arc or a straight line. When the shape of the finishing edge is an arc, the second arc diameters of the respective finishing edges are set to be the same, and the widths of the respective finishing edges are set to be the same. The second arc diameter is R2, and the width is L1, where 0.4 mm ≤ R2 ≤ 10 mm and 0.05 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 1 mm.

[0012] Further, a plurality of finishing edges are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the cutting portion.

[0013] Further, the finishing edge blade is made of one of alloy, ceramic, polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, and polycrystalline diamond.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cutting tool including a finishing edge blade, and the finishing edge blade is the above-mentioned finishing edge blade.

[0015] Applying the technical solution of the present invention, the tool body includes a cutting portion, and the cutting portion includes a plurality of finishing edges. The sub-rake angles of the plurality of finishing edges are set differently. By providing a plurality of finishing edges with different sub-rake angles, when the finishing edge blade is installed on a variety of different tool shanks or processes workpieces with different shapes, there is always a suitable finishing edge to finish the machined surface, improving the surface roughness of the machined workpiece. Adopting the technical solution of the present application effectively solves the problem that the finishing edge blade in the prior art loses the finishing effect when installed on different tool shanks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings forming a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a finishing edge blade according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 shows Figure 1 an enlarged structural diagram of part A in

[0019] [[ID=३३]] Figure 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a finishing edge blade according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 shows Figure 3 an enlarged structural diagram of part B in

[0021] Figure 5 Shows a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of a finishing edge blade according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 Shows Figure 5 An enlarged schematic structural diagram at C in;

[0023] Figure 7 Shows a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of a finishing edge blade according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 Shows a schematic structural diagram of a fifth embodiment of a finishing edge blade according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 9 Shows a schematic structural diagram of a sixth embodiment of a finishing edge blade according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 10 Shows a schematic structural diagram of an existing finishing edge blade.

[0027] Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0028] 10, tool body; 20, cutting part; 21, finishing edge; 30, transition surface; 31, transition arc surface; 40, mounting hole; 50, surface to be machined. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0030] It should be noted that the terms used here are only for describing specific implementation manners and are not intended to limit the exemplary implementation manners according to the present application. As used here, unless otherwise clearly specified in the context, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "include" and / or "comprise" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description, claims and above-mentioned drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that these terms can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0032] Now, exemplary embodiments according to the present application will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited only to the embodiments set forth herein. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of the present application is thorough and complete, and the concept of these exemplary embodiments is fully conveyed to those of ordinary skill in the art. In the drawings, for clarity, the thickness of layers and regions may be exaggerated, and the same reference numerals are used to denote the same devices, and thus their description will be omitted.

[0033] According to the calculation formula of surface roughness, reducing the feed rate or increasing the tool nose radius can both reduce the surface roughness value, but the former will reduce production efficiency, while the latter will increase the cutting force. By reducing the angle of the secondary cutting edge angle, it is possible to reduce the surface roughness value without reducing the feed rate. The design concept of the finishing edge blade is to adjust the geometry of the tool nose within the maximum allowable tool nose radius tolerance of the standard blade to make it approximately elliptical. In fact, when the tool is machining according to the feed per revolution value F, a machined surface similar to a ripple will be formed due to the formation of the tool nose. When the finishing edge is increased (the finishing edge arc diameter is greater than the tool nose arc diameter), although the machining is still carried out according to the feed F, since the arc becomes larger, the surface roughness of the machined surface will be reduced.

[0034] On this basis, the existing finishing edge blades only have a finishing edge corresponding to a tool holder on one side of the main cutting edge. When the finishing edge blade is installed on other tool holders with different main cutting edge angles, the finishing edge blade cannot contact the machined surface of the workpiece, and thus the finishing effect cannot be achieved.

[0035] Combined Figures 1 to 9 As shown, according to a specific embodiment of the present application, a finishing edge blade is provided.

[0036] The finishing blade includes a tool body 10. The tool body 10 includes a cutting part 20. The cutting part 20 is used for cutting the workpiece. The cutting part 20 includes a plurality of finishing edges 21. The adjacent finishing edges 21 are connected by a transition surface 30. The secondary clearance angles of the plurality of finishing edges 21 are set differently.

[0037] Applying the technical solution of this embodiment, the tool body includes a cutting part. The cutting part 20 includes a plurality of finishing edges 21, and the secondary clearance angles of the plurality of finishing edges 21 are set differently. By setting a plurality of finishing edges 21 with different secondary clearance angles, when the finishing blade is installed on various different tool shanks or machining workpieces with different shapes, there is always a suitable finishing edge 21 to finish the machined surface, improving the surface roughness of the machined workpiece. Adopting the technical solution of this embodiment effectively solves the problem that the finishing blade in the prior art loses the finishing effect when installed on different tool shanks. Combining the technical solution of this embodiment provides a new multi-stage finishing tool, which can be applicable to cutting processes with different principal clearance angles, expanding the usage range of the finishing blade 21 and reducing the usage cost of the finishing blade.

[0038] It should be noted that the principal clearance angle of the tool is the angle between the cutting edge in the base plane and the feed direction, and the secondary clearance angle is the angle between the negative cutting edge in the base plane and the opposite direction of the feed direction. There is a corresponding relationship between the principal clearance angle and the secondary clearance angle of the tool: principal clearance angle + secondary clearance angle + tip angle = 180°. The principal clearance angle of the tool is mainly related to the tool model, tool shank and machining position. Tool shanks are usually distinguished according to the principal clearance angle. Among them, when the feed direction changes, the actual principal and secondary clearance angles of the tool will also change. For example, when a 93° principal clearance tool shank feeds to the left, the actual principal clearance angle is 93° and the secondary clearance angle is 32°; if it feeds upward, the actual principal clearance angle will become 122° and the secondary clearance angle is 3°.

[0039] Therefore, when the tool is installed on different tool shanks or machining workpieces with different shapes, the phenomenon of finishing edge failure is very likely to occur, affecting the surface roughness of the product. How to avoid such phenomena to improve the machining accuracy of the product has become an urgent technical problem in the industry. Adopting the technical solution of this application, the tool can achieve multi-stage finishing, ensuring the finishing effect of the finishing edge without replacing the tool, greatly saving the machining cost and improving the machining quality at the same time.

[0040] In an optional embodiment, the cutting part 20 further includes a cutting edge, and a plurality of finishing edges 21 are all located on the same side of the cutting edge. During machining, the cutting edge cuts the surplus of the workpiece, and then the finishing edge 21 trims the machined surface to improve the surface finish of the workpiece.

[0041] In an alternative embodiment, the radial cross-section of the tool body 10 along the mounting hole is a parallelogram. Cutting units are symmetrically arranged at the top corners of the upper surface corresponding to the longer diagonal of the parallelogram. Each cutting unit includes a main cutting edge formed by the long side of the top corner and a secondary cutting edge formed by the short side of the top corner. A finishing edge 21 is disposed between the main cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge, and the secondary rake angle of the finishing edge 21 is set corresponding to the main rake angles of a variety of tool shanks to be used. The finishing edge 21 of the turning insert refers to the cutting edge where the insert contacts the machining plane, and the finishing edge 21 of the turning insert refers to the cutting edge where the insert contacts the outer or inner cylindrical surface of the machining surface. The function of the finishing edge 21 is similar to that of the secondary cutting edge. Generally, the secondary rake angle of the finishing edge is taken as 0° to 3°, and the length is about twice the feed per revolution. The finishing edge 21 has the effect of reducing the surface roughness of the machining surface and improving the machining quality.

[0042] Further, a plurality of finishing edges 21 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of tool shanks having different preset main rake angles, so that when the tool body 10 is connected to any one of the plurality of tool shanks, there is a finishing edge 21 corresponding to the tool shank for finishing the workpiece. For example, the commonly used tool shanks for D-type tools (55° included angle) mainly include three types: 93°, 107.5°, and 62.5°. As Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown is a finishing edge insert that can adapt to the above three angles simultaneously. When the tool shank connected to the tool body 10 has a corresponding main rake angle of 62.5°, as Figure 7 shown, the first finishing edge among the plurality of finishing edges 21 is in the working position. When the tool shank connected to the tool body 10 has a corresponding main rake angle of 93°, as Figure 8 shown, the second finishing edge among the plurality of finishing edges 21 is in the working position. When the tool shank connected to the tool body 10 has a corresponding main rake angle of 107.5°, as Figure 9 shown, the third finishing edge among the plurality of finishing edges 21 is in the working position. As Figure 10 shown is an existing finishing edge insert, which is a finishing edge insert corresponding to a tool shank with a main rake angle of 62.5° and can only be applied to the corresponding tool shank. Figure 10 After the finishing edge insert shown in is replaced with a tool shank (tool shank with a main rake angle of 107.5°), the cutting position in contact with the workpiece surface is the transition arc surface 31, and the finishing edge 21 cannot achieve the finishing effect. By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, when the finishing edge 21 is installed and corresponds to a variety of tool shanks with different main rake angles, it can play the role of having a suitable finishing edge 21 to finish the machined surface 50 of the workpiece, improving the practicality of the finishing edge insert.

[0043] Specifically, a mounting hole 40 is provided in the middle of the finishing blade. The radial cross-section of the finishing blade along the mounting hole 40 is polygonal, and a cutting part 20 is provided at at least one vertex angle of the polygon. The mounting hole 40 is used to fix the finishing blade on the tool shank. The polygon includes, but is not limited to, structures such as quadrilateral and pentagon, and the cutting part 20 can also be designed according to actual needs.

[0044] Preferably, there are two cutting parts 20. The two cutting parts 20 are symmetrically arranged at 180° about the central axis of the mounting hole 40.

[0045] Furthermore, adjacent finishing edges 21 are connected by a transition arc surface 31 or a transition plane. When adjacent finishing edges 21 are connected by a transition arc surface 31, the transition arc surface 31 is tangent to the finishing edge 21, and the first arc diameter of the transition arc surface 31 is R1, where 0.1 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 2 mm.

[0046] Furthermore, the shape of the finishing edge 21 is an arc or a straight line. When the shape of the finishing edge 21 is an arc, the second arc diameters of the respective finishing edges 21 are set to be the same, and the widths of the respective finishing edges 21 are set to be the same. The second arc diameter is R2, and the width is L1, where 0.4 mm ≤ R2 ≤ 10 mm and 0.05 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 1 mm. Optionally, the arc is determined according to the tool principal cutting edge angle or the shape of the workpiece to be machined. The first arc diameter is set to be smaller than the second arc diameter. In an alternative embodiment, the cutting edge of the cutting part 20 is composed of n finishing edges, where n can be any integer greater than 2. When the finishing blade is mounted on the tool shank, the angle between the cutting part of the blade and the part of the workpiece to be machined is in the range of 0° to 3°.

[0047] In an alternative embodiment, the cutting edge of the cutting part 20 is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped finishing edges 21. The second arc diameters and widths of all the finishing edges 21 are the same and are evenly distributed. The second arc diameter is uniformly between 0.4 and 10 mm, and the width of the finishing edge is between 0.05 and 1 mm. The arcs of the finishing edges 21 are connected and tangent to each other by a transition arc, and the transition arc diameter r = 0.02 mm. Optionally, the arcs of the finishing edges 21 are connected by a surface that satisfies a preset functional relationship.

[0048] In an alternative embodiment, the cutting edge of the cutting part 20 is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped finishing edges 21, and the second arc diameters and widths of the arcs of different finishing edges 21 are different. The angles of the finishing edges 21 are designed according to the principal cutting edge angle of the tool shank corresponding to the blade and the machining position of the workpiece to be machined, and the blade is applicable to tool shanks with any principal cutting edge angle.

[0049] In an alternative embodiment, the cutting edge of the cutting portion 20 is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped finishing edges 21, and the second arc diameters and widths of the arcs of different finishing edges 21 are different. Optionally, at least one of the second arc diameters and widths of different finishing edges 21 is set identically, and the angles of some of the finishing edges are designed according to the main deflection angle of the tool bar corresponding to the blade, and the finishing edge blade can be applicable to tool bars with any main deflection angle. The remaining finishing edges 21 are evenly distributed among the determined finishing edges 21.

[0050] Specifically, the finishing edge blade includes a top surface and a lower positioning surface that are oppositely arranged. The blade width of the finishing edge 21 is gradually reduced in the direction from the top surface to the lower positioning surface.

[0051] Optionally, a plurality of finishing edges 21 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the cutting portion 20. Such a setting can further expand the application range of the finishing edge blade and improve the finishing effect on the workpiece.

[0052] To ensure that the finishing edge blade has good mechanical strength, the finishing edge blade is made of one of alloy, ceramic, polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, and polycrystalline diamond.

[0053] According to another specific embodiment of the present application, a tool is provided, including a finishing edge blade, and the finishing edge blade is the finishing edge blade in the above embodiment. The tool includes a tool bar, and the tool bar is provided with a step for fitting the finishing edge blade. A screw hole is provided on this step. When the finishing edge blade is fitted on the step, the screw hole is coaxial with the mounting hole of the blade, and the blade is fixedly connected to the tool tip through a bolt.

[0054] In an alternative embodiment, a chip-breaking groove is provided on the top surface of the tool body 10, and the chip-breaking groove is provided close to the finishing edge 21, and the chip-breaking groove is an arc-shaped groove.

[0055] For the sake of description, spatial relative terms such as "above...", "over...", "on the upper surface of...", "above" etc. can be used here to describe the spatial position relationship between a device or feature shown in the figure and other devices or features. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure for the device. For example, if the device in the figure is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "over other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "under other devices or structures" afterwards. Thus, the exemplary term "above..." can include both the orientations of "above..." and "below...". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and corresponding explanations are made for the spatial relative descriptions used here.

[0056] In addition to the above, it should be noted that the "one embodiment", "another embodiment", "embodiment" and the like mentioned in this specification refer to the specific features, structures or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment being included in at least one embodiment generally described in this application. The same expression appearing in multiple places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Further, when describing a specific feature, structure or characteristic in connection with any one embodiment, it is intended that the implementation of such feature, structure or characteristic in connection with other embodiments also fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0057] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have their own emphases. For parts not detailed in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0058] The foregoing is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A finishing edge blade, characterized in that, Comprising: A tool body (10), the tool body (10) includes a cutting portion (20), the cutting portion (20) is used for cutting a workpiece, the cutting portion (20) includes a plurality of finishing edges (21), adjacent ones of the finishing edges (21) are connected by a transition surface (30), and the auxiliary rake angles of the plurality of finishing edges (21) are set differently; the plurality of finishing edges (21) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of tool shanks having different preset principal rake angles, so that when the tool body (10) is connected to any one of the plurality of tool shanks, there is a finishing edge (21) corresponding to the tool shank for performing a finishing operation on the workpiece; The shape of the finishing edge (21) is an arc or a straight line. When the shape of the finishing edge (21) is an arc, the second arc diameters of the respective finishing edges (21) are set to be the same, the widths of the respective finishing edges (21) are set to be the same, the second arc diameter is R2, and the width is L1, where 0.4 mm ≤ R2 ≤ 10 mm and 0.05 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 1 mm.

2. The trimming edge blade according to claim 1, characterized in that, An installation hole (40) is provided in the middle of the finishing edge blade, and the radial cross-section of the finishing edge blade along the installation hole (40) is a polygon, and the cutting portion (20) is provided at at least one vertex angle of the polygon.

3. The finishing edge blade according to claim 2, characterized in that, There are two cutting portions (20), and the two cutting portions (20) are symmetrically arranged at 180° about the central axis of the installation hole (40).

4. The finishing edge blade according to claim 1, wherein Adjacent finishing edges (21) are connected by a transition arc surface (31) or a transition plane. When adjacent finishing edges (21) are connected by a transition arc surface (31), the transition arc surface (31) is tangent to the finishing edge (21), and the first arc diameter of the transition arc surface (31) is R1, where 0.1 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 2 mm.

5. The finishing edge blade according to claim 2, wherein The plurality of finishing edges (21) are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the cutting portion (20).

6. The finishing edge blade according to claim 1, wherein, The finishing edge blade is made of one of alloy, ceramic, polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, and polycrystalline diamond.

7. A cutting tool, including a finishing edge blade, characterized in that, The finishing edge blade is the finishing edge blade according to any one of claims 1-6.

Images