Hybrid drive device

Abstract

The application provides a hybrid power driving device, which comprises an engine, a crankshaft, a generator, a generator shaft, a clutch, a clutch shaft, a driving motor, a driving shaft and a power transmission mechanism. The power transmission mechanism comprises an input shaft and an output shaft arranged in parallel. One end of the generator shaft is coaxially connected with one end of the crankshaft. The other end of the crankshaft is connected with the clutch through a clutch gear pair. The clutch shaft, the driving shaft and the input shaft are coaxially connected. The axis direction of the input shaft is parallel to the axis direction of the crankshaft. The generator is arranged on one side of the inner cavity of the shell. The driving motor or the clutch is arranged on the other side of the inner cavity of the shell. The power transmission mechanism is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell between the generator and the driving motor or the clutch. The clutch and the power transmission mechanism are arranged on the same side of the engine. The device shares the shell among the structures, is compact in space arrangement and highly integrated in structure, so that the manufacturing cost is reduced and the system working efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of transmission technology, and more specifically, to a hybrid power drive device. Background Technology

[0002] After years of development, hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) coupling systems have evolved from a discrete structure of engine and electric motor to a modular, integrated system encompassing engine, electric motor, and transmission. A typical example of current technology is Honda's third-generation IMMD hybrid system, which refers to the e-CVT transmission. This system includes components such as the drive motor, generator, clutch, and gears, and features a 4-shaft structure. However, this structural arrangement presents several problems.

[0003] 1) The generator and drive motor are arranged coaxially, and the clutch and transmission gear also occupy a certain axial space. This structure greatly increases the axial length and is not convenient for spatial arrangement.

[0004] 2) Because the drive motor shaft is connected to the generator, this coaxial structure greatly increases the manufacturing cost of the parts;

[0005] 3) The 2.0L naturally aspirated engine and the powertrain are separate structures and do not share a common housing design, so the structure is not highly integrated;

[0006] 4) The powertrain is located on one side of the 2.0L naturally aspirated engine, which is also inconvenient for space arrangement;

[0007] 5) The transmission system components use a single-speed reducer mechanism, so the drive motor speed will be very high, which brings NVH (Noise, Vibration, Harshness) problems. At the same time, the use of high-speed bearings increases costs.

[0008] 6) A pair of gears is used between the engine and the generator to match the engine speed and the generator speed. The maximum speed ratio of the pair of gears will not exceed 5, which limits the increase of generator speed. Under a certain torque, the increase of power generation is also limited.

[0009] 7) Because the engine compartment and the power transmission compartment are separate, the heat from the engine cannot be effectively transferred to the power transmission compartment. This results in poor clutch engagement in parallel mode during low temperatures in winter, leading to low efficiency in the power transmission compartment. The power transmission compartment becomes more efficient only after the heat is gradually released.

[0010] Similarly, BYD's fourth-generation hybrid DM-i system, including the drive motor MG, generator G, clutch, gears, and other components, has a mechanical structure cross-sectional view as shown below. Figure 1As shown, this is a 5-axis structure, which also has several problems as follows:

[0011] 1) The generator G and drive motor MG are arranged in parallel, unlike the coaxial arrangement of Honda IMMD. This saves some axial space and is easier to arrange in space compared to Honda IMMD. However, the power transmission part is also arranged on one side of the 1.5L naturally aspirated engine, and the clutch and transmission gear also occupy a certain axial space, which is not convenient for space arrangement.

[0012] 2) The 1.5L naturally aspirated engine and the powertrain are also separate structures, without a shared housing design, so the structure is not highly integrated;

[0013] 3) The transmission system components use a single-speed reducer mechanism, so the motor speed will be very high, which brings NVH (Noise, Vibration, Harshness) problems. At the same time, the use of high-speed bearings increases costs.

[0014] 4) A pair of gears is used between the engine and the generator G to match the engine speed and the generator speed. The maximum speed ratio of the pair of gears will not exceed 5, which limits the increase of the generator speed. Under a certain torque, the increase of power generation is also limited.

[0015] 5) Because the engine compartment and the power transmission compartment are separate, the heat from the engine cannot be effectively transferred to the power transmission compartment. This results in poor clutch engagement in parallel mode during low temperatures in winter, leading to low efficiency in the power transmission compartment. The power transmission compartment becomes more efficient only after the heat is gradually released.

[0016] Therefore, both Honda's third-generation IMMD hybrid system and BYD's fourth-generation DM-i hybrid system suffer from problems such as insufficiently compact spatial layout and lack of high structural integration, resulting in high manufacturing costs and low system efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0017] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hybrid power drive device in which all components share a common housing, resulting in a compact spatial arrangement and high structural integration, thereby reducing manufacturing costs and improving system efficiency.

[0018] This invention provides a hybrid power drive device, including a housing. Within the housing are an engine, a crankshaft, a generator, a generator shaft, a clutch, a clutch shaft, a drive motor, a drive shaft, and a power transmission mechanism. The power transmission mechanism includes an input shaft and an output shaft arranged parallel to each other. One end of the generator shaft is mounted on the housing, and the other end of the generator shaft is coaxially connected to one end of the crankshaft. The other end of the crankshaft is connected to the clutch via a clutch gear pair. The clutch shaft, the drive shaft, and the input shaft are coaxially connected, with the axis of the input shaft parallel to the axis of the crankshaft. The generator is located on one side of the housing cavity, and the drive motor or the clutch is located on the other side of the housing cavity. The power transmission mechanism is distributed within the housing cavity between the generator and the drive motor or the clutch, and the clutch and the power transmission mechanism are arranged side-by-side on the same side of the engine.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0020] 1) The present invention arranges the power transmission mechanism in the housing cavity between the generator and the drive motor or clutch, and the clutch and the power transmission mechanism are arranged side by side on the same side of the engine. The crankshaft of the engine is arranged coaxially with the generator shaft, and the drive shaft of the drive motor is arranged parallel to the generator shaft, rather than coaxially. This does not occupy the axial length of the power drive device, that is, saves axial space, facilitates spatial arrangement, makes reasonable use of space, and makes the structure of each structure compact, thus solving the problem of the long axial length of the prior art which is not convenient for spatial arrangement.

[0021] 2) The engine and crankshaft, generator and generator shaft, clutch, drive motor and drive shaft, and power transmission mechanism are all housed in a single housing, sharing a common housing structure. This facilitates high structural integration. By using a highly integrated approach, the engine cavity and power transmission mechanism cavity are made into a connected cavity, sharing a single set of lubricating oil. This allows the heat generated by the engine to be quickly transferred to the power transmission mechanism cavity, rapidly increasing the temperature of the lubricating oil. This addresses the issue of weight reduction while also resolving the problems of poor clutch engagement performance in parallel mode during low-temperature winter operation and low efficiency of the power transmission mechanism, thereby improving the working efficiency of the power transmission mechanism.

[0022] 3) Since the crankshaft of the engine and the drive shaft of the drive motor are not coaxially connected, and a coaxial structure would increase the manufacturing cost of the parts, in this invention, the crankshaft of the engine is connected to the clutch and the drive motor through a clutch gear pair, which can reduce the manufacturing cost of the parts.

[0023] In this invention, the hybrid drive unit further includes a clutch outer hub and a clutch inner hub. The clutch gear pair includes a clutch drive gear fixedly mounted on the crankshaft and a clutch driven gear fixedly mounted on the drive shaft. The clutch drive gear and the clutch driven gear mesh. The clutch outer hub is fixedly mounted on the clutch driven gear, and the clutch inner hub is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft. By setting up the clutch gear pair, the power of the engine crankshaft is transmitted to the clutch, specifically through the clutch driven gear to the clutch outer hub. The clutch inner hub is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft. When the clutch is engaged, power can be transmitted to the drive shaft.

[0024] In this invention, the input shaft and the output shaft are connected by a two-speed gear pair, namely a first-speed gear pair and a second-speed gear pair. The first-speed gear pair includes a first-speed driving gear fixedly mounted on the input shaft and a first-speed driven gear fixedly mounted on the output shaft, and the first-speed driving gear and the first-speed driven gear mesh. The second-speed gear pair includes a second-speed driving gear fixedly mounted on the input shaft and a second-speed driven gear fixedly mounted on the output shaft, and the second-speed driving gear and the second-speed driven gear mesh. A shifting mechanism is provided between the first-speed driven gear and the second-speed driven gear. The shifting mechanism includes a synchronizing sleeve that can be slidably mounted on the output shaft along the axial direction of the output shaft and a shift fork that drives the synchronizing sleeve to move. When sliding, the synchronizing sleeve can engage with the first-speed driven gear or the second-speed driven gear. Power is transmitted to the power transmission mechanism through two gear pairs, which also reduces the speed of the drive motor and avoids the use of high-speed bearings. This solves the problem of high cost and reduces the risk of NVH problems. The shifting mechanism is implemented with a synchronous sleeve and a shift fork, which is simple in structure and easy to operate.

[0025] In another embodiment of the present invention, the input shaft and the output shaft are connected by a single-speed gear pair. The input shaft and output shaft can employ multi-speed reduction output or single-speed output, and different output modes can be selected according to actual conditions.

[0026] In this invention, the generator shaft and the crankshaft are connected by a planetary gear set, which includes a sun gear fixedly mounted on the generator shaft, a planet carrier fixedly connected to the crankshaft, and a gear ring fixed to the housing; a brake is provided on the gear ring. By using the planetary gear set, a large speed ratio can be achieved in the power transmission between the generator and the engine, increasing the generator speed and solving the problem that the increase in power generation is limited under a certain torque.

[0027] In another embodiment of the present invention, the generator shaft and the crankshaft are connected by an external meshing cylindrical gear pair. The external meshing cylindrical gear pair includes an external meshing driving gear fixedly mounted on the crankshaft and an external meshing driven gear fixedly mounted on the generator shaft, wherein the external meshing driving gear and the external meshing driven gear mesh. The external meshing cylindrical gear pair simplifies power transmission between the generator and the engine, and also allows the generator shaft and engine shaft to be non-coaxial, facilitating spatial arrangement and resulting in a more compact structure.

[0028] In this invention, a water pump assembly is provided between the engine and the generator. The water pump assembly includes a water pump drive shaft connected to the crankshaft via a water pump output gear pair and a water pump assembly connected to the output end of the water pump drive shaft. The water pump assembly is mounted on the housing. Through the water pump assembly, a circulating cooling function is provided, enabling the device to operate more stably.

[0029] In this invention, the hybrid drive device further includes a hydraulic pump assembly disposed within the housing. The hydraulic pump assembly includes a hydraulic pump drive pulley driven by a clutch gear pair, a hydraulic pump driven pulley connected to the hydraulic pump drive pulley via a hydraulic pump belt, and a hydraulic pump assembly. The hydraulic pump driven pulley is mounted on the hydraulic pump assembly, which is mounted on the housing. The hydraulic pump assembly provides oil cooling and lubrication, resulting in more stable operation of the device. The hydraulic pump assembly is connected to the clutch driven gear, and by changing the power source of the hydraulic pump assembly, spatial arrangement is facilitated.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present invention, the drive motor is disposed on one side of the inner cavity of the housing, the clutch is disposed on the side close to the power transmission mechanism, and the hydraulic pump assembly is disposed between the drive motor and the clutch;

[0031] Alternatively, the clutch is located on one side of the housing cavity, the drive motor is located near the power transmission mechanism, and the hydraulic pump assembly is located between the drive motor and the clutch;

[0032] Alternatively, the drive motor is located on one side of the housing cavity, the clutch is located near the drive motor, and the hydraulic pump assembly is located between the clutch and the clutch driven gear.

[0033] By changing the positional relationship of the drive motor, clutch, and hydraulic pump components, the spatial arrangement can be made more compact.

[0034] In another embodiment of the present invention, the hybrid drive device further includes a hydraulic pump assembly. The hydraulic pump assembly includes a drive pulley fixedly mounted on the drive shaft, a driven pulley connected to the drive pulley via a hydraulic pump belt, and a hydraulic pump assembly. The driven pulley is mounted on the hydraulic pump assembly, which is mounted on the housing. The hydraulic pump assembly provides oil cooling and lubrication, resulting in more stable operation of the device. The hydraulic pump assembly is connected to the drive shaft, and by changing the power source of the hydraulic pump assembly, spatial arrangement is facilitated.

[0035] Furthermore, the drive motor is located on one side of the housing cavity, the clutch is positioned closer to the drive motor, and the hydraulic pump assembly is located between the drive motor and the clutch. By changing the positional relationship of the drive motor, clutch, and hydraulic pump assembly, the spatial arrangement becomes more compact.

[0036] In this invention, an output ratchet is fixedly mounted on the output shaft, and a differential assembly is connected to the output ratchet. The power transmission mechanism transmits power through the output ratchet to the differential assembly for use in multi-wheel drive vehicles. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 A simplified diagram of the mechanical structure of BYD's fourth-generation hybrid DM-i.

[0038] Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0039] Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a simplified diagram of the overall mechanical structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a power transmission route diagram for Example 1 in operating mode;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a power transmission route diagram for Example 1 under working mode two;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a power transmission route diagram for Example 1 in working mode three;

[0044] Figure 8 This is a power transmission route diagram for Example 1 in working mode four;

[0045] Figure 9 This is a simplified diagram of the overall mechanical structure of Example 2;

[0046] Figure 10 This is a simplified diagram of the overall mechanical structure of Example 3;

[0047] Figure 11 This is a simplified diagram of the overall mechanical structure of Example 4;

[0048] Figure 12 This is a simplified diagram of the overall mechanical structure of Example 5;

[0049] Figure 13 This is a simplified diagram of the overall mechanical structure of Example 6;

[0050] Figure 14 This is a simplified diagram of the overall mechanical structure of Example 7.

[0051] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0052] 1. Engine components; 1a. Crankshaft; 1b. Clutch drive gear; 1c. Water pump output drive gear;

[0053] 2. Clutch assembly; 2a. Clutch outer hub; 2b. Torsion spring; 2c. Clutch driven gear; 2d. Hydraulic pump drive pulley; 2e. Clutch inner hub; 2f. Clutch friction plate; 2g. Clutch mating plate; 2h. Clutch pressure plate;

[0054] 3. Drive motor assembly; 3a. Drive shaft; 3b. Drive motor rotor; 3c. Drive motor stator; 3d. Drive drive pulley;

[0055] 4. Hydraulic pump assembly; 4a. Hydraulic pump belt; 4b. Hydraulic pump driven pulley; 4c. Hydraulic pump assembly;

[0056] 5. Gear shifting mechanism; 5a. Gear shift fork;

[0057] 6. Power transmission mechanism; 6a. Input shaft; 6aa. Second gear drive gear; 6ab. First gear drive gear; 6b. Output shaft; 6c. Synchronizing sleeve; 6d. Output ratchet; 6e. Second gear driven gear; 6f. First gear driven gear;

[0058] 7. Planetary gear set assembly; 7a. Planetary carrier assembly; 7b. Gear ring;

[0059] 8. Generator assembly; 8a. Generator shaft; 8aa. Sun gear; 8b. Generator rotor; 8c. Generator stator;

[0060] 9. Water pump assembly; 9a. Water pump output driven gear; 9b. Water pump drive shaft; 9c. Water pump assembly;

[0061] 10. Housing assembly; 10a. Housing. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the present invention discloses a hybrid power drive device, including an engine assembly 1, a clutch assembly 2, a drive motor assembly 3, a hydraulic pump assembly 4, a shift mechanism 5, a power transmission mechanism 6, a planetary gear assembly 7, a generator assembly 8, a water pump assembly 9, and a housing assembly 10.

[0064] The engine assembly 1 includes an engine and a crankshaft 1a.

[0065] The clutch assembly 2 includes a clutch, a clutch outer hub 2a, a clutch inner hub 2e, a clutch friction plate 2f, a clutch mating plate 2g, a clutch pressure plate 2h, a clutch gear pair (clutch driving gear 1b and clutch driven gear 2c) and a torsion spring 2b.

[0066] The drive motor assembly 3 includes a drive motor, a drive shaft 3a, a drive motor rotor 3b, a drive motor stator 3c, and a drive pulley 3d.

[0067] The hydraulic pump assembly 4 includes a hydraulic pump drive pulley 2d, a hydraulic pump belt 4a, a hydraulic pump driven pulley 4b, and a hydraulic pump assembly 4c.

[0068] The shifting mechanism 5 includes a shift fork 5a and a synchronizer sleeve 6c.

[0069] The power transmission mechanism 6 includes an input shaft 6a, a first-gear drive gear 6ab, a second-gear drive gear 6aa, an output shaft 6b, a second-gear driven gear 6e, a first-gear driven gear 6f, and an output ratchet 6d.

[0070] The planetary gear assembly 7 includes a planet carrier assembly 7a, a ring gear 7b, and a sun gear 8aa.

[0071] The generator assembly 8 includes a generator shaft 8a, a generator rotor 8b, and a generator stator 8c.

[0072] The water pump assembly 9 includes a water pump output drive gear 1c, a water pump output driven gear 9a, a water pump drive shaft 9b, and a water pump assembly 9c.

[0073] The housing assembly 10 includes a housing 10a.

[0074] Engine assembly 1, clutch assembly 2, drive motor assembly 3, hydraulic pump assembly 4, shifting mechanism 5, power transmission mechanism 6, planetary gear set 7, generator assembly 8, and water pump assembly 9 are all housed within housing assembly 10.

[0075] Example 1:

[0076] like Figure 4 A hybrid power drive device includes a housing 10a. Within the housing 10a are an engine, a crankshaft 1a, a generator, a generator shaft 8a, a clutch, a clutch shaft, a drive motor, a drive shaft 3a, and a power transmission mechanism 6. The power transmission mechanism 6 includes an input shaft 6a and an output shaft 6b arranged parallel to each other. One end of the generator shaft 8a is mounted on the housing 10a, and the other end of the generator shaft 8a is coaxially connected to one end of the crankshaft 1a. The other end of the crankshaft 1a is connected to the clutch via a clutch gear pair. The clutch shaft, drive shaft 3a, and input shaft 6a are coaxially connected, with the axis of the input shaft 6a parallel to the axis of the crankshaft 1a. The generator is located on one side of the inner cavity of the housing 10a, and the drive motor is located on the other side of the inner cavity of the housing 10a. The power transmission mechanism 6 is distributed within the inner cavity of the housing 10a between the generator and the drive motor, and the clutch and the power transmission mechanism 6 are arranged side-by-side on the same side of the engine.

[0077] like Figure 4 As shown in the drawings, the engine is located in the middle of the cavity of the housing 10a, the generator is located to the left of the engine, and the generator shaft 8a is coaxial with the crankshaft 1a; the drive motor is located to the right of the engine, and the axis of the drive shaft 3a is parallel to the axis of the crankshaft 1a; the clutch is located to the left of the drive motor and to the left of the clutch gear pair; the power transmission mechanism 6 is located below the engine and to the left of the clutch. The power transmission mechanism 6 includes an input shaft 6a and an output shaft 6b arranged parallel to each other. The input shaft 6a, the clutch shaft, and the drive shaft 3a are coaxially connected. The clutch and the power transmission mechanism are arranged side by side and below the engine. In this invention, the clutch and the power transmission mechanism 6 are not located to the right of the engine, but below the engine. This avoids occupying the axial length of the power drive device, thus saving axial space, facilitating spatial arrangement, and making reasonable use of space. This results in a compact structure and solves the problem of long axial lengths in existing technologies that are inconvenient for spatial arrangement.

[0078] The clutch assembly includes an outer clutch hub 2a and an inner clutch hub 2e. The clutch gear pair includes a clutch drive gear 1b fixedly mounted on the crankshaft 1a and a clutch driven gear 2c fixedly mounted on the drive shaft 3a. The clutch drive gear 1b and the clutch driven gear 2c mesh. The outer clutch hub 2a is fixedly mounted on the clutch driven gear 2c, and the clutch inner hub 2e is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft 3a. A torsion spring 2b, which serves to dampen vibrations, is provided between the outer clutch hub 2a and the clutch driven gear 2c. By setting up the clutch gear pair, the power of the engine crankshaft 1a is transmitted to the clutch, specifically through the clutch driven gear 2c to the clutch outer hub 2a. The clutch inner hub 2e is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft 3a, and when the clutch is engaged, it can transmit power to the drive shaft 3a. In addition, the torsion spring 2b provides vibration damping between the clutch outer hub 2a and the clutch driven gear 2c.

[0079] The input shaft 6a and the output shaft 6b are connected by a two-speed gear pair, namely a first-speed gear pair and a second-speed gear pair. The first-speed gear pair includes a first-speed driving gear 6ab fixedly mounted on the input shaft 6a and a first-speed driven gear 6f fixedly mounted on the output shaft 6b, and the first-speed driving gear 6ab and the first-speed driven gear 6f mesh. The second-speed gear pair includes a second-speed driving gear 6aa fixedly mounted on the input shaft 6a and a second-speed driven gear 6e fixedly mounted on the output shaft 6b, and the second-speed driving gear 6aa and the second-speed driven gear 6e mesh. A shifting mechanism 5 is provided between the first-speed driven gear 6f and the second-speed driven gear 6e. The shifting mechanism 5 includes a synchronizing sleeve 6c that can be slidably mounted on the output shaft 6b along the axial direction of the output shaft 6b and a shifting fork 5a that drives the synchronizing sleeve 6c to move. When sliding, the synchronizing sleeve 6c can engage with either the first-speed driven gear 6f or the second-speed driven gear 6e. Power is transmitted to the power transmission mechanism 6 through two gear pairs, which also reduces the speed of the drive motor and avoids the use of high-speed bearings. This solves the problem of high cost and reduces the risk of NVH problems. The shifting mechanism 5 is implemented by using a synchronous sleeve 6c and a shift fork 5a, which is simple in structure and easy to operate.

[0080] The generator shaft 8a and crankshaft 1a are connected by a planetary gear assembly 7. The planetary gear assembly 7 includes a sun gear 8aa fixedly mounted on the generator shaft 8a, a planet carrier fixedly connected to the crankshaft 1a, and a ring gear 7b fixedly mounted on the housing 10a. By setting up the planetary gear assembly 7, a large speed ratio can be achieved in the power transmission between the generator and the engine, increasing the generator speed and solving the problem that the increase in power generation is limited under a certain torque.

[0081] A water pump assembly 9 is installed between the engine and the generator. The water pump assembly 9 includes a water pump drive shaft 9b connected to the crankshaft 1a via a water pump output gear pair, and a water pump assembly 9c connected to the output end of the water pump drive shaft 9b. The water pump assembly 9c is mounted on the housing 10a. Through the water pump assembly 9, the water pump assembly plays a role in circulating cooling and temperature reduction, making the device operate more stably.

[0082] The hybrid drive unit also includes a hydraulic pump assembly 4 housed within the housing 10a. The hydraulic pump assembly 4 includes a hydraulic pump drive pulley 2d fixedly mounted on the clutch driven gear 2c, a hydraulic pump driven pulley 4b connected to the hydraulic pump drive pulley 2d via a hydraulic pump belt 4a, and a hydraulic pump assembly 4c. The hydraulic pump driven pulley 4b is mounted on the hydraulic pump assembly 4c, which is mounted on the housing 10a. The hydraulic pump assembly 4 provides oil cooling and lubrication, resulting in more stable operation of the device. The hydraulic pump assembly 4 is connected to the clutch driven gear 2c, and by changing the power source of the hydraulic pump assembly 4, spatial arrangement is facilitated.

[0083] The drive motor is located on one side of the inner cavity of the housing 10a, the clutch is located near the power transmission mechanism 6, and the hydraulic pump assembly 4 is located between the drive motor and the clutch. By changing the positional relationship of the drive motor, clutch, and hydraulic pump assembly 4, the spatial arrangement is made more compact.

[0084] In addition, an output ratchet 6d is fixedly mounted on the output shaft 6b, and the power transmission mechanism 6 transmits power through the output ratchet 6d.

[0085] The working mode of Embodiment 1 of the present invention is as follows:

[0086] Operating Mode 1 (Pure Electric Mode): For example... Figure 5 In this mode, the battery powers the drive motor, which outputs power independently. The engine and generator do not work, and the clutch is also disengaged.

[0087] When the drive motor is powered on, the cutting magnetic field drives the drive motor rotor 3b to rotate, transmitting power to the drive motor shaft 3a. Then, through the spline connection between the drive motor shaft 3a and the input shaft 6a, the power is transmitted to the first-gear drive gear 6ab on the input shaft 6a. Since the first-gear driven gear 6f meshes with the first-gear drive gear 6ab, the power is transmitted to the first-gear driven gear 6f. At this time, the shift fork 5a moves the synchronizing sleeve 6c to the first-gear engagement position, causing the synchronizing sleeve 6c to engage with the first-gear driven gear 6f. Because the synchronizing sleeve 6c is connected to the output shaft 6b via an axially sliding spline, the power is transmitted from the first-gear driven gear 6f to the output shaft 6b. Since the output ratchet 6d is also mounted on the output shaft 6b via a spline connection, the power is transmitted to the output ratchet 6d, and then output to other components.

[0088] Since the second-gear drive gear 6aa is located on the input shaft 6a, it rotates together with the input shaft 6a. Because the second-gear driven gear 6e meshes with the second-gear drive gear 6aa, power is transmitted to the second-gear driven gear 6e. Since the second-gear driven gear 6e is loosely fitted on the output shaft 6b, and the synchronizing sleeve 6c is not engaged with the second-gear driven gear 6e, the second-gear driven gear 6e rotates freely on the output shaft 6b, and the power through the second-gear driven gear 6e is cut off.

[0089] Operating Mode Two (Second-Gear Pure Electric Mode): For example... Figure 6 In this mode, the battery powers the drive motor, which outputs power independently. The engine and generator do not work, and the clutch is also disengaged.

[0090] When the drive motor is powered on, the cutting magnetic field drives the drive motor rotor 3b to rotate, transmitting power to the drive motor shaft 3a. Then, through the spline connection between the drive motor shaft 3a and the input shaft 6a, the power is transmitted to the second-gear drive gear 6aa on the input shaft 6a. Since the second-gear driven gear 6e meshes with the second-gear drive gear 6aa, the power is transmitted to the second-gear driven gear 6e. At this time, the shift fork 5a moves the synchronizing sleeve 6c to the second-gear engagement position, causing the synchronizing sleeve 6c and the second-gear driven gear 6e to engage together. Since the synchronizing sleeve 6c is connected to the output shaft 6b via an axially sliding spline, the power is transmitted from the second-gear driven gear 6e to the output shaft 6b. Because the output ratchet 6d is also mounted on the output shaft 6b via a spline connection, the power is transmitted to the output ratchet 6d, and then output to other components.

[0091] Since the first gear drive gear 6ab is located on the input shaft 6a, it rotates together with the input shaft 6a. Since the first gear driven gear 6f meshes with the first gear drive gear 6ab, power is transmitted to the first gear driven gear 6f. Since the first gear driven gear 6f is loosely fitted on the output shaft 6b, the synchronizing sleeve 6c is not engaged with the first gear driven gear 6f. Therefore, the first gear driven gear 6f rotates freely on the output shaft 6b, and the power through the first gear driven gear 6f is cut off.

[0092] Operating mode 3 (serial mode): such as Figure 7 In this mode, the battery and generator together power the drive motor (it's also possible that the generator powers both the drive motor and the battery simultaneously). The drive motor outputs power independently, while the engine only drives the generator to generate electricity, and the clutch is disengaged. Compared to pure electric mode, this series mode only adds the generator's power generation function.

[0093] The pure electric power transmission path and working mode one are the same as working mode two; the power transmission path of the power generation part is as follows: the engine runs and drives the crankshaft 1a to rotate. The crankshaft 1a and the planetary carrier assembly 7a are connected by a spline, which in turn drives the planetary carrier assembly 7a to rotate. At this time, the gear ring 7b is fixed on the housing 10a, and the power is transmitted from the sun gear 8aa to the generator shaft 8a. The generator rotor 8b is interference-fitted onto the generator shaft 8a, so the power is generated by the generator.

[0094] In addition, the pump output driven gear 9a and the pump output driving gear 1c mesh, and the power is transmitted to the pump output driven gear 9a through the gear pair. The output driven gear 9a is press-fitted or splined to the pump drive shaft 9b, and then the power is transmitted to the pump assembly 9c through the pump drive shaft 9b.

[0095] Furthermore, the clutch drive gear 1b and the clutch driven gear 2c are connected by a gear pair. Power is transmitted to the clutch driven gear 2c through the gear pair. After being damped by the torsion spring 2b, the clutch driven gear 2c transmits power to the clutch outer hub 2a. Since the clutch is in the open state at this time, power cannot be output to the clutch inner hub 2e, so the power to the power transmission mechanism 6 is cut off.

[0096] Since the hydraulic pump drive pulley 2d is interference-fitted onto the clutch driven gear 2c, the power is transmitted to the hydraulic pump drive pulley 2d, and then transmitted to the hydraulic pump driven pulley 4b via the hydraulic pump belt 4a, and finally to the hydraulic pump assembly 4c.

[0097] Working mode four (parallel mode): such as Figure 8In this mode, the clutch is engaged, and the engine torque can be transmitted to power through the clutch while generating electricity, working together with the drive motor to output power. Compared to the series mode, this operating mode only adds the function of engine power output.

[0098] Based on the series mode, the clutch assembly 2 engages, specifically by the external actuator pushing the clutch pressure plate 2h to tightly engage the clutch friction plate 2f and the clutch mating plate 2g, transmitting frictional force. This allows the power of the clutch outer hub 2a to be transmitted to the clutch inner hub 2e via friction. Since the clutch inner hub 2e is splined to the drive shaft 3a, the power is transmitted to the drive shaft 3a via the splined connection. Then, through the splined connection between the drive shaft 3a and the input shaft 6a, the power is transmitted to the second-gear drive gear 6aa on the input shaft 6a. Because the second gear... The driven gear 6e and the second-gear drive gear 6aa are connected by a gear pair, transmitting power to the second-gear driven gear 6e. At this time, the shift fork 5a moves the synchronizing sleeve 6c to the second-gear engagement position, engaging the synchronizing sleeve 6c and the second-gear driven gear 6e together. Since the synchronizing sleeve 6c is connected to the output shaft 6b via an axially sliding spline, power is transmitted from the second-gear driven gear 6e to the output shaft 6b. Since the output ratchet 6d is also mounted on the output shaft 6b via a spline connection, power is transmitted to the output ratchet 6d, and then output to other components.

[0099] Since the first gear drive gear 6ab is located on the input shaft 6a, it rotates together with the input shaft 6a. Since the first gear driven gear 6f and the first gear drive gear 6ab are connected by a gear pair, the power is transmitted to the first gear driven gear 6f. Since the first gear driven gear 6f is loosely fitted on the output shaft 6b, the synchronizing sleeve 6c is not engaged with the first gear driven gear 6f. Therefore, the first gear driven gear 6f rotates freely on the output shaft 6b, and the power through the first gear driven gear 6f is cut off.

[0100] Example 2:

[0101] The basic structure is the same as in Example 1, except that: Figure 9 The drive motor is located on one side of the inner cavity of the housing 10a, the clutch is located near the drive motor, and the hydraulic pump assembly 4 is located between the drive motor and the clutch. By changing the positional relationship of the drive motor, clutch, and hydraulic pump assembly 4, the spatial arrangement is made more compact.

[0102] The hydraulic pump assembly 4 includes a drive pulley 3d fixedly mounted on the drive shaft 3a, a driven pulley 4b connected to the drive pulley 3d via a hydraulic pump belt 4a, and a hydraulic pump assembly 4c. The driven pulley 4b is mounted on the hydraulic pump assembly 4c, which is mounted on the housing 10a. The hydraulic pump assembly 4 provides oil cooling and lubrication, ensuring more stable operation of the device. The hydraulic pump assembly 4 is connected to the drive shaft 3a, and changing its power source facilitates spatial arrangement.

[0103] Example 3:

[0104] The basic structure is the same as in Example 1, except that: Figure 10 The clutch is located on one side of the inner cavity of the housing 10a, the drive motor is located on the side close to the power transmission mechanism 6, and the hydraulic pump assembly 4 is located between the drive motor and the clutch.

[0105] Example 4:

[0106] The basic structure is the same as in Example 3, except that: Figure 11 A brake is provided on the gear ring 7b of the planetary gear assembly 7.

[0107] Example 5:

[0108] The basic structure is the same as in Example 1, except that: Figure 12 The drive motor is located on one side of the inner cavity of the housing 10a, the clutch is located near the drive motor, and the hydraulic pump assembly 4 is located between the clutch and the clutch driven gear 2c. By changing the positional relationship of the drive motor, clutch, and hydraulic pump assembly 4, the spatial arrangement is made more compact.

[0109] The two-speed gear transmission between input shaft 6a and output shaft 6b is reduced to a single-speed gear transmission.

[0110] Example 6:

[0111] The basic structure is the same as in Example 5, except that: Figure 13 The range extension is achieved by eliminating the clutch, and the differential assembly is connected to the output ratchet 6d, which can be used in multi-wheel drive vehicles.

[0112] Example 7:

[0113] The basic structure is the same as in Example 6, except that: Figure 14The generator shaft 8a and crankshaft 1a are connected by an external meshing cylindrical gear pair. This pair includes an external meshing driving gear fixedly mounted on crankshaft 1a and an external meshing driven gear fixedly mounted on generator shaft 8a. The driving and driven gears mesh. This external meshing cylindrical gear pair simplifies power transmission between the generator and engine. Furthermore, it allows the generator shaft 8a and engine shaft to be non-coaxial, facilitating spatial arrangement and resulting in a more compact structure.

[0114] In the above embodiments, the positions of the drive motor, clutch, and hydraulic pump assembly can be interchanged according to actual needs. The transmission connection structures such as the planetary gear assembly and gear pair transmission design can also be changed and combined according to actual needs. The brake and differential can also be applied to any embodiment, and are not limited to this.

[0115] In summary, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0116] 1) In this invention, the power transmission mechanism 6 is arranged in the inner cavity of the housing 10a between the generator and the drive motor or clutch, and the clutch and the power transmission mechanism 6 are arranged side by side on the side of the engine. The crankshaft 1a of the engine is arranged coaxially with the generator shaft 8a, and the drive shaft 3a of the drive motor is arranged parallel to the generator shaft 8a, instead of being arranged coaxially. This way, the axial length of the power drive device is not occupied, that is, axial space is saved, which facilitates spatial arrangement and makes reasonable use of space. The structure is compact between the various structures, which solves the problem of the long axial length of the prior art, which is not convenient for spatial arrangement.

[0117] 2) The engine and crankshaft 1a, generator and generator shaft 8a, clutch, drive motor and drive shaft 3a, and power transmission mechanism 6 are all housed in a single housing 10a, sharing the same housing 10a structure. This facilitates high structural integration. By adopting a highly integrated approach, the engine cavity and the power transmission mechanism 6 cavity are made into a connected cavity, sharing a single set of lubricating oil. This allows the heat generated by the engine to be quickly transferred to the power transmission mechanism 6 cavity, rapidly increasing the temperature of the lubricating oil. This solves the lightweighting problem while also addressing the issues of poor clutch engagement performance in parallel mode during low temperatures in winter and the low efficiency of the power transmission mechanism 6, thereby improving the working efficiency of the power transmission mechanism 6.

[0118] 3) Through two-speed gear transmission, power is transmitted to the power transmission mechanism 6 through two-speed reduction, which also reduces the speed of the drive motor and avoids the use of high-speed bearings. This solves the problem of high cost and reduces the risk of NVH problems.

[0119] 4) By setting up the planetary gear set 7, a large speed ratio can be achieved in the power transmission between the generator and the engine, which increases the generator speed and solves the problem that the increase in power generation is limited under a certain torque.

[0120] 5) Since the crankshaft 1a of the engine and the drive shaft 3a of the drive motor are not coaxially connected, and the coaxial structure would increase the manufacturing cost of the parts, the crankshaft 1a of the engine is connected to the clutch and the drive motor through a clutch gear pair in this invention, which can reduce the manufacturing cost of the parts.

[0121] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, outside, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0122] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "fixation," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0123] Furthermore, in this invention, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" is for descriptive purposes only and does not specifically refer to any order or sequence, nor is it intended to limit the invention. They are merely used to distinguish components or operations described using the same technical terms, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible for those skilled in the art. If a combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination should be considered nonexistent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0124] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the implementation methods and protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should recognize that any equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made based on the description and illustrations of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hybrid drive apparatus comprising a housing (10a), characterized by: The shell (10a) is provided with an engine, a crankshaft (1a), a generator, a generator shaft (8a), a clutch, a clutch shaft, a drive motor, a drive shaft (3a) and a power transmission mechanism (6), the power transmission mechanism (6) comprises an input shaft (6a) and an output shaft (6b) arranged in parallel with each other, one end of the generator shaft (8a) is mounted on the shell (10a), the other end of the generator shaft (8a) is coaxially connected with one end of the crankshaft (1a), the other end of the crankshaft (1a) is connected with the clutch through a clutch gear pair, the clutch shaft, the drive shaft (3a) and the input shaft (6a) are coaxially connected, the axis direction of the input shaft (6a) is parallel to the axis direction of the crankshaft (1a); the generator is located on one side of the inner cavity of the shell (10a), the drive motor or the clutch is located on the other side of the inner cavity of the shell (10a), the power transmission mechanism (6) is distributed in the inner cavity of the shell (10a) between the generator and the drive motor or the clutch, and the clutch and the power transmission mechanism (6) are arranged side by side on the same side of the engine. The input shaft (6a) and the output shaft (6b) are connected through a single gear pair or a two-gear pair. When the two-gear pair is used for transmission connection, the two-gear pair is a first gear pair and a second gear pair, the first gear pair comprises a first driving gear (6ab) fixedly assembled on the input shaft (6a) and a first driven gear (6f) fixedly assembled on the output shaft (6b), the first driving gear (6ab) and the first driven gear (6f) are engaged; the second gear pair comprises a second driving gear (6aa) fixedly assembled on the input shaft (6a) and a second driven gear (6e) fixedly assembled on the output shaft (6b), the second driving gear (6aa) and the second driven gear (6e) are engaged; a shift mechanism (5) is arranged between the first driven gear (6f) and the second driven gear (6e); the shift mechanism (5) comprises a synchronization sleeve (6c) slidably arranged on the output shaft (6b) along the axis direction of the output shaft (6b) and a shift fork (5a) driving the synchronization sleeve (6c) to move, the synchronization sleeve (6c) can be engaged with the first driven gear (6f) or the second driven gear (6e) when sliding.

2. The hybrid drive apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: It also includes a clutch outer hub (2a) and a clutch inner hub (2e), the clutch gear pair comprises a clutch driving gear (1b) fixedly assembled on the crankshaft (1a) and a clutch driven gear (2c) fixedly assembled on the drive shaft (3a), the clutch driving gear (1b) and the clutch driven gear (2c) are engaged, the clutch outer hub (2a) is fixedly mounted on the clutch driven gear (2c), and the clutch inner hub (2e) is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft (3a).

3. The hybrid drive apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: The generator shaft (8a) and the crankshaft (1a) are connected through a planetary gear set (7), the planetary gear set (7) comprises a sun gear (8aa) fixedly assembled on the generator shaft (8a), a carrier fixedly connected to the crankshaft (1a), and a ring gear (7b) fixed to the housing (10a); the ring gear (7b) is provided with a brake.

4. The hybrid drive apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: The generator shaft (8a) and the crankshaft (1a) are connected through an external meshing cylindrical gear pair, the external meshing cylindrical gear pair comprises an external meshing driving gear fixedly assembled on the crankshaft (1a) and an external meshing driven gear fixedly assembled on the generator shaft (8a), the external meshing driving gear and the external meshing driven gear are engaged.

5. The hybrid drive apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: The engine and the generator are provided with a water pump assembly (9), the water pump assembly (9) comprises a water pump drive shaft (9b) connected to the crankshaft (1a) through a water pump output gear pair and a water pump assembly (9c) connected to the output end of the water pump drive shaft (9b), the water pump assembly (9c) is installed on the housing (10a).

6. The hybrid drive apparatus according to claim 2, characterized by: The hybrid drive device further comprises a hydraulic pump assembly (4) arranged in the housing (10a), the hydraulic pump assembly (4) comprises a hydraulic pump driving pulley (2d) connected to the clutch gear pair, a hydraulic pump driven pulley (4b) connected to the hydraulic pump driving pulley (2d) through a hydraulic pump belt (4a), and a hydraulic pump assembly (4c), the hydraulic pump driven pulley (4b) is installed on the hydraulic pump assembly (4c), and the hydraulic pump assembly (4c) is installed on the housing (10a).

7. The hybrid drive apparatus according to claim 6, characterized by: The driving motor is arranged on one side of the inner cavity of the housing (10a), the clutch is arranged close to one side of the power transmission mechanism (6), and the hydraulic pump assembly (4) is arranged between the driving motor and the clutch. Alternatively, the clutch is arranged on one side of the inner cavity of the housing (10a), the driving motor is arranged close to one side of the power transmission mechanism (6), and the hydraulic pump assembly (4) is arranged between the driving motor and the clutch. Alternatively, the driving motor is arranged on one side of the inner cavity of the housing (10a), the clutch is arranged close to one side of the driving motor, and the hydraulic pump assembly (4) is arranged between the clutch and the clutch driven gear (2c).

8. The hybrid drive apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The hybrid drive device further comprises a hydraulic pump assembly (4), the hydraulic pump assembly (4) comprises a driving driving pulley (3d) fixedly assembled on the driving shaft (3a), a hydraulic pump driven pulley (4b) connected to the driving driving pulley (3d) through a hydraulic pump belt (4a), and a hydraulic pump assembly (4c), the hydraulic pump driven pulley (4b) is installed on the hydraulic pump assembly (4c), and the hydraulic pump assembly (4c) is installed on the housing (10a).

9. The hybrid drive apparatus according to claim 8, characterized by: The driving motor is arranged on one side of the inner cavity of the shell (10a), the clutch is arranged close to the side of the driving motor, and the hydraulic pump assembly (4) is arranged between the driving motor and the clutch.

10. The hybrid drive apparatus of claim 1, wherein: An output ratchet wheel (6d) is fixedly arranged on the output shaft (6b), and a differential assembly is connected to the output ratchet wheel (6d).

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