Anti-overturning gravity cableless sampler and seabed sediment sampling method

Abstract

The application discloses a non-anti-tilting type cable-free gravity sampler and a seabed sediment sampling method, and the sampler is used for sampling seabed sediment and comprises a sampling assembly, a wireless tracking module, a buoyancy assembly and a controller, the sampling assembly is in a columnar structure, the wireless tracking module and the buoyancy assembly are connected to the sampling assembly, and the wireless tracking module and the buoyancy assembly are also connected to the controller; the sampler further comprises an anti-tilting assembly movably connected between upper and lower ends of the sampling assembly, and the anti-tilting assembly comprises a mounting bracket and an auxiliary pipe, wherein the mounting bracket is slidably sleeved on the sampling assembly, and the sampling assembly is further provided with a first limiting piece for preventing the mounting bracket from being taken out; the auxiliary pipe is arranged in two pairs and oppositely arranged on the periphery of the sampling assembly, and the two pairs of auxiliary pipes are slidably arranged on the mounting bracket, and the auxiliary pipe is further provided with a second limiting piece for preventing the auxiliary pipe from being taken out of the mounting bracket; and the device can not throw any weight on the seabed and is helpful for preventing the device from tilting during sampling.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of marine sediment sampling devices and techniques, and particularly relates to a non-throwing load anti-inversion type of untethered gravity corer and a seabed sediment sampling method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The ocean is a vast unknown land, and through a series of scientific investigations, the ocean can be understood and utilized to its full potential. Seabed sediments are formed through long-term sedimentation, and studying seabed sediments can provide a wealth of acoustic, chemical, biological, and physical information.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for obtaining seabed sediments include box corers, gravity corers, and grab corers. These devices are lowered from research vessels to the seabed using a winch system. In order to ensure the safety of the equipment, two devices cannot be lowered simultaneously using a cable. According to calculations, at a water depth of 4000 meters and a cable deployment speed of 40 m / min, the sampling time would require 3-4 hours. Using an untethered gravity corer can save time and cost.

[0004] Currently, most untethered gravity corers use a floating ball to collect samples. After sampling is complete, a heavy object is thrown to achieve a buoyancy greater than the weight of the device, allowing the device to be retrieved from the seabed. In current oceanographic research, not only are untethered gravity corers used, but also devices such as seabed seismographs, anchors, seabed magnetotelluric instruments, and seabed diurnal stations that require long-term observation on the seabed and then retrieval. These devices use the method of throwing heavy objects on the seabed to achieve retrieval, which leaves a large amount of marine debris on the seabed.

[0005] In addition, some current gravity corers are prone to gravity column inversion and sampling roof fall during the gravity sampling process. When the gravity column inverts, the sample cannot be taken, and the current untethered gravity corer cannot complete the throwing and retrieval when the gravity column inverts. When sampling roof fall occurs, the obtained sample is invalid and cannot be used for scientific research, wasting a large amount of manpower and resources. SUMMARY

[0006] Therefore, the present application aims to provide a non-throwing load anti-inversion type of untethered gravity corer and a seabed sediment sampling method that can not throw any heavy objects on the seabed and help prevent the device from inverting during sampling.

[0007] To achieve the above technical purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0008] A kind of anti-throwing anti-inverted type cableless gravity sampler for sampling seabed sediment, it includes sampling assembly, wireless tracking module, buoyancy assembly and controller, the sampling assembly is columnar structure, the buoyancy assembly and wireless tracking module are connected on sampling assembly, the buoyancy assembly and wireless tracking module are also connected with controller;It further includes anti-inverted component, the anti-inverted component is movably connected between the upper and lower ends of sampling assembly, it includes:

[0009] Mounting bracket, middle sliding sleeve is set on sampling assembly, the first limiting piece that prevents mounting bracket from escaping is also provided on the sampling assembly;

[0010] Auxiliary pipe, for two pairs and two two opposite settings in sampling assembly periphery, two pairs of auxiliary pipe are also slidably placed on mounting bracket, the second limiting piece that prevents it from escaping mounting bracket is also provided on the auxiliary pipe;

[0011] Wherein, the spacing between auxiliary pipe and sampling assembly is equal.

[0012] As a possible implementation, further, the sampling assembly includes:

[0013] Sampling outer tube, open-tube structure at both ends;

[0014] First sampling inner tube, is placed in sampling outer tube and outer wall and sampling outer tube inner wall is pasted, its lower end extends to the lower end of sampling outer tube, the tubular structure of the first sampling inner tube forms first sample storage cavity;

[0015] First sampling cutter head, open-tube structure at both ends, its large mouth end is connected with the lower end of sampling outer tube, its small mouth end forms annular cutting edge, and is used to assist seabed sediment removal;

[0016] First reverse stopping unit, is arranged between first sampling cutter head and the lower end of sampling outer tube and is used to prevent seabed sediment in first sample storage cavity from falling out.

[0017] As a more preferred alternative embodiment, preferably, the auxiliary pipe is a cylindrical structure with an open lower end, a second sampling inner tube is placed inside the auxiliary pipe, the outer wall of the second sampling inner tube is in contact with the inner wall of the auxiliary pipe, and the lower end of the second sampling inner tube extends to the lower end of the auxiliary pipe. The tubular structure of the second sampling inner tube forms a second sample storage cavity. The lower end of the auxiliary pipe is connected to a second sampling cutter head. The second sampling cutter head is a tubular structure with different diameters at both ends. The large mouth end of the second sampling cutter head is connected to the lower end of the auxiliary pipe. The small mouth end of the second sampling cutter head forms an annular cutting edge and is used to assist in removing seabed sediment. A second reverse stopping unit is provided between the second sampling cutter head and the auxiliary pipe. The second reverse stopping unit is used to prevent seabed sediment in the second sample storage cavity from falling out.

[0018] As a preferred alternative embodiment, preferably, the first and second reverse stopping units have the same structure, each comprising:

[0019] a base, which is annular in structure and has a limiting groove on the outer periphery thereof;

[0020] a plurality of reverse stopping pieces connected to the base in an annular array, the reverse stopping pieces being arc-shaped and made of elastic material, one end of each of the reverse stopping pieces being movably connected to the limiting groove, the other end of each of the reverse stopping pieces extending obliquely in a direction approaching a virtual axis of the base, the reverse stopping pieces and the base having a first cooperation state and a second cooperation state, in the first cooperation state, the end portions of the plurality of reverse stopping pieces away from the base are close to each other, thereby closing the inner side of the annular structure of the base, in the second cooperation state, the end portions of the reverse stopping pieces movably connected to the base are flipped, thereby opening the inner side of the annular structure of the base;

[0021] wherein the base of the first reverse stopping unit is fixed to the side of the first sampling cutter head close to the first sampling inner tube, and the end portion of the reverse stopping piece connected to the limiting groove is flipped and limited between the limiting groove and the first sampling cutter head, when the seabed deposit enters the first sampling inner tube through the small opening end of the first sampling cutter head, the reverse stopping piece and the base are in the second cooperation state, when the small opening end of the first sampling cutter head is not pushed by the seabed deposit to the first sampling inner tube, the reverse stopping piece is pushed by its own gravity or the seabed deposit in the first sample storage cavity, so that the reverse stopping piece and the base are in the first cooperation state;

[0022] In addition, the base of the second reverse stopping unit is fixed to the side of the second sampling cutter head close to the second sampling inner tube, and the end portion of the reverse stopping piece connected to the limiting groove is flipped and limited between the limiting groove and the second sampling cutter head, when the seabed deposit enters the second sampling inner tube through the small opening end of the second sampling cutter head, the reverse stopping piece and the base are in the second cooperation state, when the small opening end of the second sampling cutter head is not pushed by the seabed deposit to the second sampling inner tube, the reverse stopping piece is pushed by its own gravity or the seabed deposit in the second sample storage cavity, so that the reverse stopping piece and the base are in the first cooperation state.

[0023] As a preferred alternative embodiment, preferably, the first limiting member is a first limiting ring arranged at both ends of the sampling outer tube, and the second limiting member is a second limiting ring arranged at both ends of the auxiliary tube.

[0024] As a preferred alternative embodiment, preferably, the upper end of the sampling outer tube is further connected with a counterweight, and the upper end of the auxiliary tube and the sampling outer tube is further provided with a detachable tube cover.

[0025] As a preferred selection embodiment, preferably, the mounting bracket is a rectangular frame structure, a connecting rod is arranged at a diagonal position of the rectangular frame structure, and a first connecting sleeve that is in sliding sleeve connection with the sampling outer tube is arranged at the intersection position of the connecting rod; wherein two pairs of auxiliary tubes are slidably connected to the corners of the mounting bracket, and a second connecting sleeve that is in connection with the auxiliary tube is further arranged at the corner of the rectangular frame structure of the mounting bracket.

[0026] As a preferred selection embodiment, preferably, the buoyancy assembly comprises:

[0027] The annular bracket is fixed to the upper end of the sampling outer tube;

[0028] The buoyancy unit is fixedly connected to the annular bracket in a ring array, and the buoyancy unit comprises:

[0029] The shell is a cylindrical shell structure with an open upper end, and an installation cavity is formed in the shell, and the side surface of the shell is fixedly connected to the annular bracket;

[0030] The compressed gas cylinder is fixedly arranged in the installation cavity of the shell, and a first electric control valve is connected to the output end of the compressed gas cylinder;

[0031] The cover plate is arranged on the upper end of the shell, and a containing cavity is formed between the upper end of the shell and the compressed gas cylinder;

[0032] The air bag is arranged on the side of the cover plate away from the shell, and the inflation end of the air bag is connected to the output end of the first electric control valve through the connecting pipe and enters the containing cavity, and the first electric control valve switches the gas supply between the air bag and the compressed gas cylinder;

[0033] The air release pipe is arranged in the containing cavity, one end of the air release pipe is in communication with the connecting pipe, and the other end of the air release pipe extends upward and penetrates through the cover plate, a second electric control valve is arranged on the air release pipe, the second electric control valve controls the opening and closing of the air release pipe, and the air bag is deflated or the deflation is released;

[0034] The sub-controller is arranged in the containing cavity and connected to the first electric control valve and the second electric control valve, and controls the opening and closing of the first electric control valve and the second electric control valve, and the sub-controller is further connected to the controller;

[0035] The storage sleeve is a cylindrical structure with open ends, and the storage sleeve is arranged on the cover plate and used for covering the air bag that is not inflated, and a film is arranged at the upper end of the storage sleeve and used for packaging the air bag that is not inflated in the storage sleeve, and the film is broken or separated from the storage sleeve when the air bag is inflated;

[0036] The pressure sensor is arranged on the shell and used for sensing the external pressure, and the pressure sensor is connected to the controller.

[0037] As a preferred selection embodiment, preferably, the wireless tracking module is an Iridium communication module or an optical beacon module.

[0038] Based on the above scheme, the application further provides a seabed sediment sampling method, which comprises the non-throwing anti-inversion cable-free gravity sampler described above, the buoyancy assembly is a buoyancy adjustable assembly, and a water pressure sensing unit is further arranged on the sampling assembly. The sampling method comprises the following steps:

[0039] S01, selecting a preset launching area, detecting the water depth of a preset sampling area in the preset launching area, and then calculating the expected water pressure according to the water depth;

[0040] S02, launching the non-throwing anti-inversion cable-free gravity sampler in the preset launching area, so that the sampling assembly sinks in the seawater close to the preset sampling area;

[0041] S03, monitoring the water pressure value fed back by the water pressure sensing unit in real time, when the sampling assembly reaches the preset sampling area, the anti-inversion assembly contacts the support of the preset sampling area, and according to the protruding shape of the support, the two pairs of auxiliary pipes slide on the mounting bracket to adapt to the support, at the same time, the sampling assembly removes the seabed sediment under the action of gravity, the mounting bracket slides along the upper end of the sampling assembly under the action of the auxiliary pipe and the external thrust, until the sampling assembly stops penetrating into the seabed sediment under the action of the resistance of the seabed sediment or the mounting bracket slides to cooperate with the first limiting piece, the resistance of the sampling assembly increases to stop moving downward, at this time, the sampling assembly and the anti-inversion assembly remain relatively static, and the water pressure sensing value of the water pressure sensing unit no longer changes obviously;

[0042] S04, when the water pressure sensing value of the water pressure sensing unit no longer changes obviously, the controller controls the buoyancy assembly to work, so that the sampling assembly together with the anti-inversion assembly is dragged by the buoyancy assembly to float up;

[0043] S05, the water pressure value fed back by the water pressure sensing unit is acquired in real time, when the water pressure value gradually decreases, the buoyancy effect of the buoyancy assembly is controlled to make the sampling assembly together with the anti-inversion assembly float up at a preset buoyancy or a preset floating speed;

[0044] S06, the water pressure value fed back by the water pressure sensing unit is acquired in real time, when the water pressure value corresponds to the sampling assembly floating out of the sea surface or reaching a preset recoverable depth, the position information fed back by the wireless tracking module is acquired, and the position of the non-throwing anti-inversion cable-free gravity sampler is located according to the position information and recovered.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that: the sampling assembly can slide up and down on the mounting bracket through the auxiliary pipe of the anti-inversion assembly to adapt to the uneven surface of the seabed sediment or other support surface when the sampling assembly contacts the seabed sediment, the auxiliary pipe can effectively avoid the abnormal problem of falling out of the mounting bracket when sliding on the second connecting sleeve of the mounting bracket by being provided with the limiting rings at the upper and lower ends, the whole device after sampling is driven to rise by the buoyancy generated by the buoyancy assembly, so that the counterweight of the sampling assembly does not need to be thrown, the device can float up, and subsequent recovery is facilitated, the device can prevent the device from falling during sampling without throwing any heavy object on the seabed, the device is environmentally friendly, and the reliability, stability and success rate of sampling are improved, and the device has good application prospect; in addition, the device has the following advantages:

[0046] 1. The device achieves cable-free sampling, and the mainstream sediment sampling method is still to use a winch system to lower a sampling device to the seabed through a cable to obtain sediment. The device realizes cable-free sampling, can save ship time by being separated from the research ship, and can use the research ship to perform other operations at the same time.

[0047] 2. The device helps to protect the ecological environment of the seabed, and does not throw heavy objects on the seabed. At present, long-term observation instruments are recovered from the seabed by throwing heavy objects to make the buoyancy greater than the weight of the instrument. The application utilizes the gas state equation to release gas from the gas cylinder to the gas bag, so that the volume of the gas increases and the buoyancy increases. The buoyancy release structure in the application can be directly applied to other instruments and devices to achieve the effect of recovering the device

[0048] 3. The device can prevent the sampling assembly from falling to a certain extent and ensure the integrity of the sample. When the gravity corer touches the bottom, the two pairs of auxiliary pipes touch the bottom first to ensure the stability of the device. The two pairs of auxiliary pipes have a certain stroke and can level the device when the topography changes. When the sampling assembly penetrates too deeply, the anti-inversion assembly is clamped on the sampling outer pipe of the sampling assembly and cooperates with the first limiting piece at the upper end of the sampling outer pipe to prevent the sampling assembly from continuing to penetrate into the seabed sediment, thereby ensuring the integrity of the sample.

[0049] 4. The device can realize multi-pipe sampling. The matched sampling cutter head and reverse stopping unit installed on the two pairs of auxiliary pipes can increase the sampling function when preventing inversion. The two pairs of auxiliary pipes are used to obtain surface samples, and the sampling assembly is used to obtain samples at a deeper position. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0050] In order to make the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art clearer, the accompanying drawings needed in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description only show some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0051] Figure 1 is a brief implementation structure schematic diagram of the present application scheme;

[0052] Figure 2 is a brief structure schematic diagram of the anti-inversion assembly of the present application scheme;

[0053] Figure 3 is a brief cooperation structure schematic diagram of the sampling outer tube and the first sampling inner tube with the first anti-inversion unit or the auxiliary tube and the second sampling inner tube with the second anti-inversion unit, wherein the first anti-inversion unit and the second anti-inversion unit have the same general structure, and the main difference is that the size of the base and the anti-inversion piece of the first anti-inversion unit is different from that of the second anti-inversion unit, and the connection structure and the state change of the first sampling outer tube and the first anti-inversion unit, the auxiliary tube and the second anti-inversion unit in this part are the same, so they are shown in the same drawing;

[0054] Figure 4 is a state change schematic diagram of the anti-inversion piece of the first anti-inversion unit or the second anti-inversion unit in the process of pushing the seabed sediment to the first sampling inner tube or the second sampling inner tube, that is, the anti-inversion piece is in the second cooperation state with the base;

[0055] Figure 5 is a state change schematic diagram of the anti-inversion piece of the first anti-inversion unit or the second anti-inversion unit after the seabed sediment sampling is completed, that is, the anti-inversion piece is in the first cooperation state with the base;

[0056] Figure 6 is a brief implementation structure schematic diagram of the buoyancy unit of the present application scheme, wherein the air bag is in the un-inflated state;

[0057] Figure 7 is a brief implementation structure schematic diagram of the buoyancy unit of the present application scheme, wherein the air bag is in the inflated state;

[0058] Figure 8 is a state of the device of the present application scheme when it just contacts the seabed sediment after being put into the preset drop area, wherein the seabed sediment is indicated by the reference numeral 5, and the deposition plane of the seabed sediment is briefly indicated by lines;

[0059] Figure 9This refers to the state of the device according to the present invention when it comes into contact with seabed sediments and the sampling components and auxiliary tubes are inserted or partially inserted into the seabed sediments under the influence of gravity;

[0060] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-tipping component of the present invention adaptively adjusting the auxiliary rod according to the actual situation when it comes into contact with an uneven or highly undulating seabed sediment surface to avoid abnormal states such as the sampling component tipping over.

[0061] Figure 11 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the state of the device of the present invention when it is lifted up by the buoyancy component after sampling is completed;

[0062] Figure 12 This is a simplified schematic diagram showing the connection between the controller of the present invention and other electronic control components;

[0063] Figure 13 This is a simplified logic diagram of the buoyancy component of the present invention, which is controlled by a controller to inflate and deflate the airbag. Detailed Implementation

[0064] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be particularly noted that the following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the scope of the invention. Similarly, the following embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0065] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown in one embodiment, this embodiment provides a non-dumping, anti-tipping, cableless gravity sampler for sampling seabed sediments 5. It includes a sampling component 1, a wireless tracking module, a buoyancy component 2, and a controller. The sampling component 1 has a cylindrical structure. The buoyancy component 2 and the wireless tracking module are both connected to the sampling component 1 and are also connected to the controller. It also includes an anti-tipping component 3, which is movably connected between the upper and lower ends of the sampling component 1. The anti-tipping component 3 includes:

[0066] The mounting bracket 31 is slidably sleeved on the sampling component 1 in the middle, and the sampling component 1 is also provided with a first limiting member 15 to prevent the mounting bracket 31 from falling out.

[0067] The auxiliary tubes 32 are arranged in pairs and opposite each other on the periphery of the sampling component 1. The two pairs of auxiliary tubes 32 can also be slidably inserted on the mounting bracket 31. The auxiliary tubes 32 are also provided with a second limiting member 33 to prevent them from falling out of the mounting bracket 31.

[0068] The spacing between the auxiliary tube 32 and the sampling component 1 is equal.

[0069] In the present application, the sampling assembly 1 comprises:

[0070] The sampling outer tube 11 is a tubular structure with both ends open;

[0071] The first sampling inner tube 12 is arranged in the sampling outer tube 11 and the outer wall thereof is attached to the inner wall of the sampling outer tube 11, and the lower end of the first sampling inner tube 12 extends to the lower end of the sampling outer tube 11, and a first sample storage cavity 121 is formed in the tubular structure of the first sampling inner tube 12;

[0072] The first sampling cutter head 13 is a tubular structure with different diameters at both ends, the large end of which is connected to the lower end of the sampling outer tube 11, and the small end thereof forms an annular cutter edge and is used to assist in moving and taking the seabed sediments 5;

[0073] The first anti-reverse unit 14 is arranged between the first sampling cutter head 13 and the lower end of the sampling outer tube 11 and is used to prevent the seabed sediments 5 in the first sample storage cavity 121 from falling out.

[0074] In the present application, the auxiliary tube 32 is a cylindrical structure with an open lower end, a second sampling inner tube 34 is arranged in the auxiliary tube 32, the outer wall of the second sampling inner tube 34 is attached to the inner wall of the auxiliary tube 32, the lower end of the second sampling inner tube 34 extends to the lower end of the auxiliary tube 32, a second sample storage cavity 341 is formed in the tubular structure of the second sampling inner tube 34, a second sampling cutter head 35 is connected to the lower end of the auxiliary tube 32, the second sampling cutter head 35 is a tubular structure with different diameters at both ends, the large end of which is connected to the lower end of the auxiliary tube 32, and the small end thereof forms an annular cutter edge and is used to assist in moving and taking the seabed sediments 5, and a second anti-reverse unit 36 is further arranged between the second sampling cutter head 35 and the auxiliary tube 32, which is used to prevent the seabed sediments 5 in the second sample storage cavity 341 from falling out.

[0075] As an example of the selection of materials, in the present application, the first sampling inner tube 12 and the second sampling inner tube 34 can be plastic tubes such as PVC tubes or PE tubes, but the selection of materials is not limited to plastic tubes, and other material tubes such as metal tubes can also be used.

[0076] As a preferred selection embodiment of the present application, the first anti-reverse unit 14 and the second anti-reverse unit 36 have the same structure, which comprises:

[0077] The base 141 / 361 is an annular structure, and a limiting groove 142 / 362 is arranged on the outer circumferential side thereof;

[0078] The reverse stopping pieces 143 / 363 are in a plurality and connected to the base 141 / 361 in a ring array, the reverse stopping pieces 143 / 363 are arc-shaped sheet structures made of elastic material, one end of which is movably connected to the limiting groove 142 / 362, and the other end extends obliquely along the direction approaching the virtual axis of the base 141 / 361, the reverse stopping pieces 143 / 363 have a first cooperation state and a second cooperation state with the base 141 / 361, in the first cooperation state, the end portions of the plurality of reverse stopping pieces 143 / 363 away from the base 141 / 361 are close to each other, closing the inside of the ring-shaped structure of the base 141 / 361, in the second cooperation state, the end portions of the reverse stopping pieces 143 / 363 movably connected to the base 141 / 361 are flipped, opening the inside of the ring-shaped structure of the base 141 / 361;

[0079] Wherein, the base 141 of the first reverse stopping unit 14 is fixed on the side of the first sampling cutter head 13 close to the first sampling inner tube 12, and the end portion of the reverse stopping piece 143 connected to the limiting groove 142 is flipped and limited between the limiting groove 142 and the first sampling cutter head 13, when the seabed sediment 5 enters the first sampling inner tube 12 through the small opening end of the first sampling cutter head 13, the reverse stopping piece 143 is in the second cooperation state with the base 141 / 361, when the small opening end of the first sampling cutter head 13 is not pushed to the first sampling inner tube 12 by the seabed sediment 5, the reverse stopping piece 143 is pushed by its own gravity or the seabed sediment 5 in the first sample storage cavity 121, so that the reverse stopping piece 143 is in the first cooperation state with the base 141;

[0080] In addition, the base 361 of the second reverse stopping unit 36 is fixed on the side of the second sampling cutter head 35 close to the second sampling inner tube 34, and the end portion of the reverse stopping piece 363 connected to the limiting groove 362 is flipped and limited between the limiting groove 362 and the second sampling cutter head 35, when the seabed sediment 5 enters the second sampling inner tube 34 through the small opening end of the second sampling cutter head 35, the reverse stopping piece 363 is in the second cooperation state with the base 361, when the small opening end of the second sampling cutter head 35 is not pushed to the second sampling inner tube 34 by the seabed sediment 5, the reverse stopping piece 363 is pushed by its own gravity or the seabed sediment 5 in the second sample storage cavity 341, so that the reverse stopping piece 363 is in the first cooperation state with the base 361.

[0081] Through the first and second anti-reverse units 14 and 36, when the first sampling cutter head 13 of the sampling assembly 1 is inserted into the seabed deposit 5, the anti-reverse piece 143 on the first anti-reverse unit 14 connected with the first sampling cutter head 13 can be pushed to flip around the limiting groove 142, so that the originally closed base 141 is in an open state, thereby making the first sampling cutter head 13 continue to be inserted into the seabed deposit 5 under the action of gravity, and the seabed deposit 5 can enter the first sample storage cavity 121 of the first sampling inner tube 12 as much as possible. When the sampling is completed, the seabed deposit 5 in the first sample storage cavity 121 can press the anti-reverse piece 143 under its own gravity, so that the anti-reverse piece 143 returns to the state of closing the base 141. The process of the second sampling cutter head 35 being inserted into the seabed deposit 5 for sampling and the state of the corresponding anti-reverse piece 363 are similar to those of the first anti-reverse unit 14, and thus are not described herein.

[0082] In order to facilitate the limiting installation support 31, the first limiting piece 15 in the present application is a first limiting ring arranged at both ends of the sampling outer tube 11, and the second limiting piece 33 is a second limiting ring arranged at both ends of the auxiliary tube 32.

[0083] In order to avoid the abnormal conditions such as sample roof fall of the first sampling inner tube 12 and the second sampling inner tube 34 after sampling of the seabed deposit 5, as a preferred selection embodiment, the upper end of the auxiliary tube 32 and the sampling outer tube 11 is further provided with a detachable tube cover 111 and 321, and in order to facilitate the counterweight, the upper end of the sampling outer tube 11 is further connected with a counterweight 4. The counterweight is a circular tube which is fixedly sleeved on the upper end of the sampling outer tube 11. The circular tube structure of the counterweight 4 can not cause excessive influence on the uniformity of gravity distribution at the end of the sampling outer tube 11 when it is fixed on the sampling outer tube 11, so that the sampling outer tube 1 can maintain a better vertical motion state when it sinks in the seawater.

[0084] In order to improve the installation convenience, the installation support 31 is a rectangular frame structure, the diagonal position of which is provided with a connecting rod 311, and the intersection position of the connecting rod 311 is provided with a first connecting sleeve 312 which is slidably sleeved with the sampling outer tube 11. Two pairs of auxiliary tubes 32 are slidably connected to the corners of the installation support 31, and the corners of the rectangular frame structure of the installation support 31 are further provided with second connecting sleeves 313 which cooperate with the auxiliary tubes 32. Through the first connecting sleeve 312, the installation support 31 can maintain good directivity when it slides on the sampling outer tube 1, and the second connecting sleeve 313 can ensure that the auxiliary tubes 32 maintain good vertical directivity when they slide.

[0085] For the buoyancy assembly 2, the buoyancy assembly 2 comprises:

[0086] a ring-shaped support 21 fixed at the upper end of the sampling outer tube 11;

[0087] a buoyancy unit 22, which is fixedly connected to the ring-shaped support 21 in a two-pair and ring-shaped array, and includes:

[0088] a shell 221, which is a cylindrical shell structure with an open upper end, has an installation cavity formed inside, and is fixedly connected to the ring-shaped support 21 on the side surface;

[0089] a compressed gas cylinder 222, which is fixedly arranged in the installation cavity of the shell 221, has a first electric control valve 225 connected to the output end, and is filled with compressed gas, which can be nitrogen;

[0090] a cover plate 223, which is arranged on the upper end of the shell 221 and forms a containing cavity 2211 between the upper end of the shell 221 and the compressed gas cylinder 222;

[0091] an air bag 224, which is arranged on the side of the cover plate 223 away from the shell 221, has its inflation end penetrating into the containing cavity 2211 through a connecting pipe 2241 and connected to the output end of the first electric control valve 225, and is switched by the first electric control valve 225 to control the gas supply between the air bag 224 and the compressed gas cylinder 222;

[0092] a deflation pipe 226, which is arranged in the containing cavity 2211, has one end in communication with the connecting pipe 2241 and the other end extending upward and penetrating out of the cover plate 223, and is provided with a second electric control valve 227 to control the opening and closing of the deflation pipe 226 to deflate or release the air bag 224;

[0093] a sub-controller 228, which is arranged in the containing cavity 2211 and connected to and controls the opening and closing of the first electric control valve 225 and the second electric control valve 227, and is further connected to the controller;

[0094] a receiving sleeve 229, which is a cylindrical structure with open ends, is arranged on the cover plate 223 and used to cover the un-inflated air bag 224, and has a film arranged at the upper end of the receiving sleeve 229 to encapsulate the un-inflated air bag 224 in the receiving sleeve 229, and the film is broken or separated from the receiving sleeve 229 when the air bag 224 is inflated;

[0095] a pressure sensor 23, which is arranged on the shell 221 and used to sense the external pressure, and is connected to the controller.

[0096] In the scheme, the main role of the pressure sensor 23 is to sense the water pressure caused by seawater, and the use of the pressure sensor 23 for water depth detection is a common existing technology, and the details of the mechanism are not repeated here.

[0097] In order to facilitate the recycling of the device, in the scheme, the wireless tracking module is an Iridium communication module or a light beacon module, and the wireless tracking module can be installed on the upper end of the sampling outer tube 11 of the sampling assembly 1.

[0098] Based on the above scheme, the embodiment also provides a seabed sediment 5 sampling method, which comprises the above-mentioned non-anti-throwing and anti-falling type cableless gravity sampler, the buoyancy assembly 2 is a buoyancy adjustable assembly, and the sampling assembly 1 is further provided with a water pressure sensing unit (i.e. the pressure sensor 23). The sampling method comprises the following steps:

[0099] S01, selecting a preset deployment area, detecting the water depth of a preset sampling area in the preset deployment area, and then calculating the expected water pressure according to the water depth;

[0100] S02, deploying the non-anti-throwing and anti-falling type cableless gravity sampler in the preset deployment area, so that the sampling assembly sinks in seawater close to the preset sampling area;

[0101] S03, real-time monitoring of the water pressure value fed back by the water pressure sensing unit, when the sampling assembly reaches the preset sampling area, the anti-falling assembly 3 contacts the support of the preset sampling area, and according to the protruding shape of the support, the two pairs of auxiliary pipes 32 slide on the mounting bracket 31 to adapt to the support, at the same time, the sampling assembly is moved to take seabed sediment 5 under the action of gravity, the mounting bracket 31 slides along the upper end of the sampling assembly under the action of the auxiliary pipe 32 and the external thrust, until the sampling assembly stops penetrating into the seabed sediment 5 under the action of the resistance of the seabed sediment 5 or the mounting bracket 31 slides to cooperate with the first limiting piece 15, the resistance of the sampling assembly increases to stop moving downward, at this time, the sampling assembly and the anti-falling assembly 3 remain relatively static, and the water pressure sensing value of the water pressure sensing unit no longer changes obviously;

[0102] S04, when the water pressure sensing value of the water pressure sensing unit no longer changes obviously, the controller controls the buoyancy assembly 2 to work, so that the sampling assembly together with the anti-falling assembly 3 is dragged by the buoyancy assembly 2 to float up;

[0103] S05, real-time acquisition of the water pressure value fed back by the water pressure sensing unit, when the water pressure value gradually decreases, the buoyancy effect of the buoyancy assembly 2 is controlled to make the sampling assembly together with the anti-falling assembly 3 float up at a preset buoyancy or a preset floating speed;

[0104] S06, real-time acquisition of the water pressure value fed back by the water pressure sensing unit, when the water pressure value corresponds to the sampling assembly floating out of the sea surface or reaching the preset recoverable depth, the position information fed back by the wireless tracking module is acquired, and the position of the non-throwing anti-falling type cable-free gravity sampler is located according to the position information and recovered.

[0105] As an example of a specification, in the present scheme, the total length of the sampling outer tube 11 of the sampling assembly 1 can be 6 m, the pipe diameter can be 20-40 cm, the mounting bracket 31 can be a square profile structure with a side length of 100 cm, the length of the auxiliary pipe 32 can be 1.2-1.5 m, and the spacing of the second limiting piece 33 on the auxiliary pipe 32 can be 100 cm. Under this structure, the anti-falling assembly 3 can be used to adjust the terrain change with an angle not greater than 45 degrees.

[0106] The weight of the sampling assembly 1 is generally 1.0T, and the weight of one gas cylinder is about 100kg. Four gas cylinders are mounted on the sampling assembly 1, totaling 400kg. According to the test experience, when the sampling assembly 1 penetrates into the seabed sediment 5, the pulling force of the whole device will not exceed 2T under the full load of the sediment and the viscous force of the sediment.

[0107] The buoyancy calculation formula is F=pgV, F is the buoyancy, p is the liquid density, g is the gravitational acceleration constant, and V is the volume of liquid displaced. According to the buoyancy formula, the buoyancy is about 2T when 2m 3 of seawater is displaced.

[0108] The ideal gas equation of state is pV=nRT, p is the pressure, V is the gas volume, T is the temperature, n is the amount of gas substance, and R is the molar gas constant. According to the ideal gas equation of state, under the condition that other variables remain unchanged, the smaller the pressure, the larger the gas volume.

[0109] The corresponding liquid pressure formula of the present scheme is p=pg h, where p is the pressure, p is the liquid density, g is the gravitational acceleration constant, and h is the depth of the liquid. The density of seawater is about 1.03-1.07 g / cm 3 . According to the liquid pressure formula, when the water depth is 7000m, the pressure is about 70Mpa, and the gas cylinder is designed to withstand a pressure of 120Mpa (i.e. the minimum pressure is 120Mpa), which meets the full-sea-depth operation.

[0110] As an example of an application scenario simulation, when the device of the present scheme is used for sampling operation in an area with a water depth of 5000m, after reaching the target sea area where operation is needed, the water depth of the target sea area can be determined first by using the ship-mounted depth measuring equipment.

[0111] According to the water depth and liquid pressure formula: p = pg h, the pressure of the working area can be calculated as 50 MPa. A gas cylinder stores 500 L of 120 MPa nitrogen (the volume of the gas cylinder is 500 L). The gravity column sampler counterweight 11 is 1.0 T, and the gas cylinder 3 weighs 100 kg. Four gas cylinders are carried on the gravity sampler, totaling 400 kg, plus the components such as the sampling outer tube 11, and the total weight is 1.6 T.

[0112] In combination Figures 1 to 13 As shown, when the operator releases the gravity sampler on the deck of the ship, the gravity sampler sinks under the action of gravity. The pressure sensor 23 on the buoyancy assembly 2 feeds back the sensing data in real time, which is converted into the depth of the gravity sampler from the water surface and the value is fed back to the controller. When the gravity sampler touches the bottom, the four auxiliary pipes 31 of the anti-inversion assembly 3 touch the bottom first, and the simultaneous bottom touch of the four auxiliary pipes 31 ensures the stability of the entire sampling system. When encountering a place with a certain slope, the four auxiliary pipes 31 can adaptively rise and fall according to the contact situation to adjust the sampling assembly 1 to a balanced state. After the gravity sampler samples the bottom, the value fed back by the pressure sensor 23 remains unchanged.

[0113] When the controller monitors that the value fed back by the pressure sensor 23 reaches the target water depth and remains unchanged for a period of time, the controller can control the opening and closing of the first electric control valve 225 (solenoid valve) of the sub-controller 228 of the buoyancy assembly 2. At this time, the state of the buoyancy assembly 2 is that the compressed gas cylinder 222 stores gas with a pressure of 120 MPa, and the entire sampler is at a pressure of 50 MPa on the seabed. When the first electric control valve 225 (solenoid valve) is opened, the high-pressure gas in the compressed gas cylinder 222 enters the gas bag 224 which can withstand a pressure of at least 50 MPa.

[0114] According to the ideal gas state equation pV = nRT, the volume of the gas increases when the gas enters the gas bag 224 with a small pressure from the compressed gas cylinder 222 with a large pressure. When the gas bag 224 is inflated to 2 m 3 At this time, according to the buoyancy calculation formula F = pg V, the buoyancy generated by the gas bag 224 is 2 T, which is greater than the gravity and the viscous force of the gravity sampler in the sediment. The gravity sampler begins to float.

[0115] When the controller (control unit) monitors the value of the pressure sensor 23 feedback starts to decrease, the same control sub-controller 228 can close the switch of the first electric control valve 225. The gravity sampler in the process of rising, the external pressure is smaller and smaller, due to the air bag 224 by the pressure of seawater drops, its internal gas will be further expanded due to the external limiting force drop, thus causing the air bag 224 will continue to expand, at this time the controller can open the second electric control valve 227 (pressure relief valve) on the air bag 224 according to the value of the pressure sensor 23 feedback, so that the gravity sampling system to maintain stable buoyancy rising.

[0116] When the gravity sampler floats out of the water, the position information sent back by the wireless tracking module on the gravity sampler can be received on the ship, and the gravity sampler can be salvaged. In the night operation, the light beacon can be used to find the gravity sampler.

[0117] The above only describes some embodiments of the present application, and does not limit the protection scope of the present application. Any equivalent device or equivalent process transformation, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, which is made by using the content of the present application specification and drawings, is also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A non-anti-rolling non-tethered gravity corer, characterized by, It is used for sampling of seabed sediment, which comprises a sampling assembly, a wireless tracking module, a buoyancy assembly and a controller, the sampling assembly is a columnar structure, the buoyancy assembly and the wireless tracking module are connected to the sampling assembly, and the buoyancy assembly and the wireless tracking module are also connected to the controller; It also comprises an anti-inversion assembly movably connected between the upper and lower ends of the sampling assembly, which comprises: A mounting bracket, a middle sliding sleeve is arranged on the sampling assembly, and the sampling assembly is also provided with a first limiting piece for preventing the mounting bracket from falling out; Two pairs of auxiliary pipes are arranged on the side of the sampling assembly, and the two pairs of auxiliary pipes are slidably arranged on the mounting bracket, and the auxiliary pipes are also provided with a second limiting piece for preventing the auxiliary pipes from falling out of the mounting bracket; Wherein, the distance between the auxiliary pipe and the sampling assembly is equal; the wireless tracking module is an iridium star communication module or an optical beacon module; The buoyancy assembly comprises: A ring-shaped support fixed to the upper end of the sampling outer pipe; Two pairs of buoyancy units are fixedly connected to the ring-shaped support in a ring-shaped array, and the buoyancy unit comprises: An outer shell is a cylindrical shell structure with an open upper end, and an installation cavity is formed in the inner part, and the side surface is fixedly connected with the ring-shaped support; A compressed gas cylinder is fixedly arranged in the installation cavity of the outer shell, and a first electric control valve is connected to the output end of the compressed gas cylinder; A cover plate is arranged on the upper end of the outer shell, and a containing cavity is formed between the upper end of the outer shell and the compressed gas cylinder; An air bag is arranged on the side of the cover plate away from the outer shell, and the inflation end of the air bag is connected to the output end of the first electric control valve through a connecting pipe, and the first electric control valve is used to switch the gas supply between the air bag and the compressed gas cylinder; A deflation pipe is arranged in the containing cavity, one end of the deflation pipe is communicated with the connecting pipe, and the other end of the deflation pipe extends upward and penetrates through the cover plate, and a second electric control valve is arranged on the deflation pipe, the second electric control valve is used to control the opening and closing of the deflation pipe, so that the air bag is deflated or the deflation is released; A sub-controller is arranged in the containing cavity and connected with the first electric control valve and the second electric control valve, and is used to control the opening and closing of the first electric control valve and the second electric control valve, and the sub-controller is also connected with the controller; A receiving sleeve is a cylindrical structure with open ends, which is arranged on the cover plate and used to cover the un-inflated air bag, and a film is arranged on the upper end of the receiving sleeve and used to encapsulate the un-inflated air bag in the receiving sleeve, and when the air bag is inflated, the film is broken or separated from the receiving sleeve due to the extrusion of the air bag; A pressure sensor is arranged on the outer shell and used to sense the external pressure, and the pressure sensor is connected with the controller.

2. The non-overturning, non-tethered gravity corer of claim 1, wherein, The sampling assembly comprises: A sampling outer pipe is a tubular structure with open ends; A first sampling inner pipe is arranged in the sampling outer pipe and the outer wall of the first sampling inner pipe is attached to the inner wall of the sampling outer pipe, and the lower end of the first sampling inner pipe extends to the lower end of the sampling outer pipe, and a first sample storage cavity is formed in the tubular structure of the first sampling inner pipe; A first sampling cutter head is a tubular structure with different diameters at two ends, the large end of the first sampling cutter head is connected with the lower end of the sampling outer pipe, and the small end of the first sampling cutter head forms an annular cutting edge and is used to assist in removing seabed sediment; A first check unit is arranged between the first sampling cutter head and the lower end of the sampling outer pipe and is used to prevent the seabed sediment in the first sample storage cavity from falling out.

3. The non-toppling, non-tethered gravity corer of claim 2, wherein, The auxiliary pipe is a cylindrical structure with an open lower end, and a second sampling inner pipe is arranged in the auxiliary pipe. The outer wall of the second sampling inner pipe is attached to the inner wall of the auxiliary pipe, and the lower end of the second sampling inner pipe extends to the lower end of the auxiliary pipe. A second sample storage cavity is formed in the tubular structure of the second sampling inner pipe. The lower end of the auxiliary pipe is connected to a second sampling cutter head. The second sampling cutter head is a tubular structure with different diameters at both ends. The large end is connected to the lower end of the auxiliary pipe, and the small end forms an annular cutting edge for assisting in removing seabed sediments. A second non-return unit is arranged between the second sampling cutter head and the auxiliary pipe to prevent the seabed sediments in the second sample storage cavity from falling out.

4. The non-toppling, non-tethered gravity corer of claim 3, wherein, The first non-return unit and the second non-return unit have the same structure, which includes: a base in the form of a ring structure, and a limiting groove is arranged on the outer circumferential side of the base; a plurality of non-return pieces in the form of an annular array connected to the base, the non-return pieces are arc-shaped sheet structures made of elastic material, one end of the non-return pieces is movably connected to the limiting groove, and the other end of the non-return pieces extends obliquely along the virtual axis direction close to the base, the non-return pieces and the base have a first cooperation state and a second cooperation state, in the first cooperation state, the end portions of the plurality of non-return pieces away from the base are close to each other, and the inner side of the ring structure of the base is closed, in the second cooperation state, the end portions of the non-return pieces movably connected to the base are flipped, and the inner side of the ring structure of the base is open; wherein the base of the first non-return unit is fixed to the side of the first sampling cutter head close to the first sampling inner pipe, and the end portion of the non-return piece connected to the limiting groove is flipped and limited between the limiting groove and the first sampling cutter head, when the seabed sediments enter the first sampling inner pipe through the small end of the first sampling cutter head, the non-return piece and the base are in the second cooperation state, when the small end of the first sampling cutter head is not pushed to the first sampling inner pipe by the seabed sediments, the non-return piece is pushed by its own gravity or the seabed sediments in the first sample storage cavity, so that the non-return piece and the base are in the first cooperation state; in addition, the base of the second non-return unit is fixed to the side of the second sampling cutter head close to the second sampling inner pipe, and the end portion of the non-return piece connected to the limiting groove is flipped and limited between the limiting groove and the second sampling cutter head, when the seabed sediments enter the second sampling inner pipe through the small end of the second sampling cutter head, the non-return piece and the base are in the second cooperation state, when the small end of the second sampling cutter head is not pushed to the second sampling inner pipe by the seabed sediments, the non-return piece is pushed by its own gravity or the seabed sediments in the second sample storage cavity, so that the non-return piece and the base are in the first cooperation state.

5. The non-overload anti-inversion cableless gravity corer according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that The first limiting member is a first limiting ring arranged at both ends of the sampling outer pipe; and the second limiting member is a second limiting ring arranged at both ends of the auxiliary pipe.

6. The non-toppling, non-tethered gravity corer of claim 5, wherein, The upper end of the sampling outer pipe is further connected to a counterweight, and the upper end of the auxiliary pipe and the sampling outer pipe is further provided with a detachable pipe cover.

7. The non-toppling, non-tethered gravity corer of claim 5, wherein, The mounting bracket is a rectangular frame structure, a connecting rod is arranged at the diagonal position of the rectangular frame structure, and a first connecting sleeve is arranged at the intersection position of the connecting rod and is in sliding sleeve connection with the sampling outer pipe; wherein two pairs of auxiliary pipes are slidably connected to the corners of the mounting bracket, and a second connecting sleeve corresponding to the auxiliary pipe is further arranged on the corners of the rectangular frame structure of the mounting bracket.

8. A method of sampling a seabed sediment, characterised by, The method comprises the steps that: S01, selecting a preset launching area, detecting water depth of a preset sampling area in the preset launching area, and then calculating an expected water pressure according to the water depth; S02, launching the non-throwing anti-inversion cable-free gravity sampler in the preset launching area, so that the sampling assembly sinks in seawater close to the preset sampling area; S03, monitoring water pressure values fed back by the water pressure sensing unit in real time, when the sampling assembly reaches the preset sampling area, the anti-inversion assembly contacts with a support of the preset sampling area, and according to a protruding shape of the support, the two pairs of auxiliary pipes slide on the mounting bracket to adapt to the support, meanwhile, the sampling assembly removes seabed sediments under the action of gravity, the mounting bracket slides along the upper end of the sampling assembly under the action of the auxiliary pipes and external thrust force, until the sampling assembly stops penetrating into the seabed sediments under the action of resistance of the seabed sediments or the mounting bracket slides to cooperate with the first limiting piece, the resistance on the sampling assembly increases to stop moving downward, at this time, the sampling assembly and the anti-inversion assembly keep relatively static, and the water pressure sensing value of the water pressure sensing unit no longer changes obviously; S04, when the water pressure sensing value of the water pressure sensing unit no longer changes obviously, the controller controls the buoyancy assembly to work, so that the sampling assembly and the anti-inversion assembly float up under the traction of the buoyancy assembly; S05, the water pressure values fed back by the water pressure sensing unit are acquired in real time, when the water pressure values gradually decrease, the buoyancy effect of the buoyancy assembly is controlled, so that the sampling assembly and the anti-inversion assembly float up at a preset buoyancy or a preset floating speed; S06, the water pressure values fed back by the water pressure sensing unit are acquired in real time, when the water pressure values correspond to that the sampling assembly floats out of the sea surface or reaches a preset recoverable depth, the position information fed back by the wireless tracking module is acquired, and the position of the non-throwing anti-inversion cable-free gravity sampler is located according to the position information and recovered. The method comprises the steps that: S01, selecting a preset launching area, detecting water depth of a preset sampling area in the preset launching area, and then calculating an expected water pressure according to the water depth; S02, launching the non-throwing anti-inversion cable-free gravity sampler in the preset launching area, so that the sampling assembly sinks in seawater close to the preset sampling area; S03, monitoring water pressure values fed back by the water pressure sensing unit in real time, when the sampling assembly reaches the preset sampling area, the anti-inversion assembly contacts with a support of the preset sampling area, and according to a protruding shape of the support, the two pairs of auxiliary pipes slide on the mounting bracket to adapt to the support, meanwhile, the sampling assembly removes seabed sediments under the action of gravity, the mounting bracket slides along the upper end of the sampling assembly under the action of the auxiliary pipes and external thrust force, until the sampling assembly stops penetrating into the seabed sediments under the action of resistance of the seabed sediments or the mounting bracket slides to cooperate with the first limiting piece, the resistance on the sampling assembly increases to stop moving downward, at this time, the sampling assembly and the anti-inversion assembly keep relatively static, and the water pressure sensing value of the water pressure sensing unit no longer changes obviously; S04, when the water pressure sensing value of the water pressure sensing unit no longer changes obviously, the controller controls the buoyancy assembly to work, so that the sampling assembly and the anti-inversion assembly float up under the traction of the buoyancy assembly; S05, the water pressure values fed back by the water pressure sensing unit are acquired in real time, when the water pressure values gradually decrease, the buoyancy effect of the buoyancy assembly is controlled, so that the sampling assembly and the anti-inversion assembly float up at a preset buoyancy or a preset floating speed; S06, the water pressure values fed back by the water pressure sensing unit are acquired in real time, when the water pressure values correspond to that the sampling assembly floats out of the sea surface or reaches a preset recoverable depth, the position information fed back by the wireless tracking module is acquired, and the position of the non-throwing anti-inversion cable-free gravity sampler is located according to the position information and recovered. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

Images