A device for rapid detection of aerosol microorganisms in exhaled breath

Abstract

The application discloses an exhaled aerosol microorganism rapid detection device. The device comprises a spectrum collection cavity, a collection carrier, a light detection assembly and a radiation source. The collection carrier is arranged in the spectrum collection cavity and carries aerosol particles. The light detection assembly generates a light beam to irradiate the aerosol particles, excite generated fluorescence and detect the fluorescence to obtain a two-dimensional fluorescence spectrum. The radiation source is arranged in the spectrum collection cavity and irradiates the aerosol particles, so that the detected two-dimensional fluorescence spectrum becomes a three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum. The radiation source is added to the detection structure for detecting the two-dimensional fluorescence spectrum, is used for scanning pathogen surface protein conformational changes and obtaining the three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum reflecting microorganism information, and then on-site rapid extraction and detection can be realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of exhaled breath aerosol detection, and particularly relates to a rapid exhaled breath aerosol microorganism detection device based on continuous irradiation three-dimensional fluorescence. BACKGROUND

[0002] Respiratory infectious diseases are transmitted through exhaled breath aerosol (EBA), and existing researches show that aerosol is the main transmission form of respiratory infectious pathogens. Behaviors such as breathing, speaking, coughing and sneezing of patients can produce aerosol, and humans exposed to the aerosol can be infected. On-site detection of pathogens in human exhaled breath is the preferred solution to eliminate the current monitoring lag.

[0003] At present, most exhaled breath aerosol microorganism identification methods are offline detection methods, such as microbial culture method, molecular microbiology method and immunodetection method. However, traditional laboratory offline detection devices have the disadvantages of long detection period, inability to be used on-site, complex nucleic acid extraction, dependence on desktop equipment, and sensor failure. Therefore, offline detection is difficult to make in-situ, accurate and rapid identification of sudden pathogenic aerosol exposure events. As early as 1994, a study used laser-induced fluorescence to identify microbial agents: a fluorescence lidar system was built to detect microbial aerosols at an altitude of 0.6-3.0 km.

[0004] At present, the fluorescence microbial aerosol sensor (WIBS) has been applied in the study of the distribution characteristics of microbial aerosols. Related studies have found that there are microbial fluorescent particles in aerosols in cities, and the concentration of fluorescent particles is positively correlated with the concentration of carbon particles. Some scholars have used an ultraviolet laser-induced radar detection system to detect Bacillus anthracis microbial preparations.

[0005] In summary, fluorescence spectroscopy has the advantages of high detection sensitivity, strong specificity and simple operation. However, the existing microbial aerosol fluorescence identification only obtains intensity information, and cannot achieve on-site accurate identification of the composition and concentration of microorganisms in exhaled breath aerosol. It is difficult to detect the composition and concentration of microorganisms in exhaled breath aerosol in strong interference by using conventional fluorescence technology, and it is also impossible to accurately identify the type and concentration of exhaled breath aerosol microorganisms on-site. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to solve the technical problems that conventional fluorescence technology is difficult to detect the composition and concentration of microorganisms in exhaled breath aerosol under strong interference and low concentration conditions, and that it is impossible to accurately identify the type and concentration of exhaled breath aerosol microorganisms on-site in real time.

[0007] The technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0008] including a spectrum collection cavity;

[0009] It includes a collection carrier, which is placed in the spectrum collection cavity and carries aerosol particles obtained by human exhalation;

[0010] It includes a light detection component that generates a light beam to irradiate aerosol particles, detects the fluorescence generated by the microorganisms on the aerosol particles, and obtains a two-dimensional fluorescence spectrum;

[0011] The method includes a radiation source placed in a spectrum collection cavity and directed toward aerosol particles on a collection carrier. The radiation source irradiates the aerosol particles and affects the fluorescence generated by the microorganisms on the aerosol particles, so that the detected two-dimensional fluorescence spectrum becomes a three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum.

[0012] The aerosol particles are obtained by sampling from human breath through a sampling assembly, which includes an exhaled gas sampler and a breath sampling mouthpiece;

[0013] The respiratory sampling nozzle is placed on the human mouth to receive the human breath and discharge it into the exhaled gas sampler;

[0014] The exhaled gas sampler receives human breath from the respiratory sampling mouth and forms aerosol particles through electrodeposition treatment and places them on a collection carrier.

[0015] The light detection assembly includes a laser, a convex lens, a fluorescence filter, a spectrum acquisition instrument and a light trap; the laser emits laser light, which is irradiated on the aerosol particles on the collection carrier to stimulate fluorescence, and the light beam transmitted through the aerosol particles is absorbed by the light trap. The fluorescence excited on the aerosol particles is detected and received by the spectrum acquisition instrument after passing through the convex lens and the fluorescence filter.

[0016] The convex lens and the fluorescent filter are all placed in the spectrum collection cavity, and the laser, the reflector, the spectrum acquisition instrument and the light trap are all placed outside the spectrum collection cavity.

[0017] In the light detection assembly, the light beam irradiating the aerosol particles remains continuous, while the detection and reception of fluorescence generated by exciting microorganisms on the aerosol particles is discontinuous; and at the same time, the radiation source irradiates the aerosol particles discontinuously.

[0018] The detection and reception of fluorescence generated by the excitation of microorganisms on aerosol particles in the light detection component and the irradiation of the aerosol particles by the radiation source are not synchronized in time sequence.

[0019] The collection carrier specifically includes a collection plate, which serves as a carrier for carrying exhaled aerosol particles.

[0020] The collection carrier is also provided with a temperature control device and an ultrasonic device;

[0021] A temperature control device, disposed on the bottom surface of the collection carrier, for controlling the temperature of the collection carrier and the aerosol particles thereon;

[0022] The ultrasonic device is arranged on the bottom surface of the collection carrier and is used to generate ultrasonic vibration to remove aerosol particles on the collection carrier after identification and detection.

[0023] The radiation types emitted by the radiation source include one or more of microwaves, ultrasound, and X-rays.

[0024] The irradiation parameters of the radiation source include resolution, maximum processing intensity, and integration time.

[0025] The present invention utilizes the above-mentioned device to carry out the following detection process:

[0026] S1. Depositing human exhaled aerosol particles on an irradiated collection carrier;

[0027] S2. Setting the type of irradiation treatment and irradiation parameters;

[0028] S4. Continuously irradiating the aerosol particles on the collection carrier through a radiation source, and scanning and detecting the fluorescence spectrum of the surface protein conformation of the microorganism pathogen on the aerosol particles during the entire irradiation process to obtain a three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum;

[0029] In the three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum, the fluorescence intensity is related to the wavelength and the irradiation intensity.

[0030] S5, analyzing the three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum to extract the contour characteristic spectrum as the fluorescence fingerprint, and performing feature extraction and modeling;

[0031] S6. Detection of microorganisms in human exhaled aerosol is achieved through processing based on the established model and extracted features.

[0032] The collection carrier is also provided with a temperature control device. After S2 and before S4, the following S3 is performed: the temperature control device is turned on to maintain a constant temperature on the collection carrier. Specifically, the temperature is controlled within the range of 0 to 36°C.

[0033] Specifically, the step S6 is to process the extracted features according to the established model to obtain the types and contents of microorganisms in the exhaled breath of the human body.

[0034] The three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum is obtained by continuous and intermittent detection and uptake during the intermittent radiation treatment process.

[0035] The resulting three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum includes variables generated by the radiation of microbial particles in the aerosol. After spectral processing and modeling analysis, the specificity of microorganisms during irradiation treatment is utilized to analyze the types and concentrations of microorganisms in the aerosol of human respiratory gas.

[0036] The microorganisms targeted by the present invention are microorganisms that can be excited to fluoresce when irradiated by laser, typically microorganisms such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, influenza virus type A, B, and C, measles, and other respiratory infectious pathogens containing protein structures.

[0037] The present invention utilizes a fluorescent online detection method combined with irradiation optimization to effectively, quickly and accurately analyze and detect and obtain information on the types and concentrations of microorganisms in aerosols.

[0038] Usually, fluorescence can be generated by laser irradiation of aerosol microbial particles. However, due to the low concentration of microorganisms in exhaled aerosols and the complex components of exhaled aerosols, the fluorescence signal is weak and easily interfered with, making it impossible to effectively identify and detect aerosol microorganisms.

[0039] The present invention increases continuous irradiation, changes the protein conformation on the surface of microbial pathogens, and obtains the fluorescence spectrum of the entire irradiation process during the change process, forms a three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum from the two-dimensional fluorescence spectrum, extracts the contour line characteristic spectrum from the three-dimensional fluorescence, analyzes the spectral information such as the peak position, height, change rate, trough length, ridge length and width of the three-dimensional fluorescence, and then determines and obtains the identification and detection results of the microorganisms.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0041] The device of the present invention can be used to obtain fluorescent fingerprints by continuously irradiating aerosol particles. A structure for irradiation (such as microwave, ultraviolet, and X-ray irradiation) is added to the light detection component of the two-dimensional fluorescence spectrum. The device is used to obtain a three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum containing microbial information by rapidly scanning the fluorescence spectrum of the conformational changes of the pathogen surface proteins of the microorganism under irradiation. This can be used to utilize the specificity shown by the microorganisms during irradiation treatment to invert and obtain information on the type and concentration of the microorganisms, achieving a breakthrough in the on-site detection of exhaled aerosol microorganisms and pathogens.

[0042] By introducing irradiation, the present invention can not only realize the screening of microbial information, but also reduce the detection system's requirements for light source intensity, improve the stability of the detection system, and realize the real-time and rapid extraction of microbial fluorescence spectra in aerosols on site, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency and accuracy of on-site detection of exhaled aerosol microorganisms. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 A flowchart of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a device used in the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 for Figure 3 AA cross-section of

[0047] Figure 5 This is the three-dimensional fluorescence result of continuous irradiation of exhaled aerosol microorganisms.

[0048] Figure 6 This is the contour characteristic spectrum result of the continuous irradiation three-dimensional fluorescence of exhaled aerosol microorganisms.

[0049] In the figure: spectral acquisition instrument 1, spectral collection cavity 2, exhaled gas sampler 3, laser 4, convex lens 5, fluorescence filter 6, radiation source 7, light trap 8, temperature control device 9, ultrasonic device 10, collection plate 11, breath sampling nozzle 12, reflector 13; sampling and filtering link 14, composite sampling link 15, spectral collection cavity link 16, convergence outlet link 17, spectral incident optical fiber 18, spectral output optical fiber 19, radiation source 20, aerosol deposition component 21; collision cutter link 22, corona discharge link 23, quartz collection plate 24, temperature controller 25, ultrasonic device 26. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the purpose, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, the device mainly consists of several important functional components: a spectrum collection cavity 2, a collection carrier, a light detection component, and a radiation source 7.

[0053] It includes a spectrum collection cavity 2 for accommodating aerosol particles and related components to form a detection environment;

[0054] It includes a collection carrier, which is placed in the spectrum collection cavity 2 and carries aerosol particles obtained by human exhalation;

[0055] It includes a light detection component for detecting a two-dimensional fluorescence spectrum, the light detection component generates a light beam to irradiate aerosol particles, and detects the fluorescence generated by the microorganisms on the aerosol particles to obtain a two-dimensional fluorescence spectrum;

[0056] The system includes a radiation source 7 placed in the spectrum collection cavity 2 and directed toward the aerosol particles on the collection carrier. The radiation source 7 irradiates the aerosol particles, thereby affecting the fluorescence generated by the excitation of the microorganisms thereon, causing the conformation of the aerosol microbial protein to change. The detected two-dimensional fluorescence spectrum records the entire change process to form a three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum, which is used to quickly detect microorganisms.

[0057] In a specific implementation, aerosol particles are obtained by sampling from human breath through a sampling assembly, which includes an exhaled gas sampler 3 and a breath sampling nozzle 12;

[0058] The breath sampling nozzle 12 is placed on the human mouth to receive the human breath and discharge it to the exhaled gas sampler 3;

[0059] The exhaled gas sampler 3 receives human breath from the breath sampling nozzle 12, collects aerosol particles through electrodeposition, and deposits them onto a collection carrier. The exhaled gas sampler 3 effectively collects exhaled aerosol particles. It features a breath sampling nozzle 12 at the front end and also includes basic functions such as drying and filtering.

[0060] The light detection assembly includes a laser 4, a convex lens 5, a fluorescence filter 6, a spectrometer 1, and a light trap 8. Laser 4 emits ultraviolet laser light. When the laser light strikes aerosol particles on the collection carrier, it stimulates fluorescence. The light beam that passes through the aerosol particles is absorbed by the light trap 8. The fluorescence stimulated by the aerosol particles passes through the convex lens 5 and fluorescence filter 6 and is detected by the spectrometer 1.

[0061] Spectral acquisition instrument 1 captures the fluorescence spectrum within the collection chamber. It meets certain requirements for sensitivity, signal-to-noise ratio, and response time, and must be able to complete spectrum acquisition within the intervals between continuous irradiation treatments. Laser 4 serves as the fluorescence excitation light source, and its beam passes through reflector 13 and is directed onto the exhaled aerosol particles on collection plate 11.

[0062] In a specific implementation, the light detection component may further be provided with a reflector 13 , and the laser light emitted by the laser 4 is reflected by the reflector 13 and then irradiated onto the aerosol particles on the collection carrier.

[0063] In a specific implementation, two convex lenses 5 are arranged between the aerosol particles and the spectrum acquisition instrument 1 , and a fluorescence filter 6 is arranged between the two convex lenses 5 .

[0064] In a specific implementation, the convex lens 5 and the fluorescence filter 6 are both placed in the spectrum collection cavity 2, and the laser 4, the reflector 13, the spectrum acquisition instrument 1 and the light trap 8 are all placed outside the spectrum collection cavity 2.

[0065] In the light detection assembly, the light beam irradiated onto the aerosol particles is continuous, and the detection and reception of the fluorescence generated by the excitation of microorganisms on the aerosol particles are discontinuous; meanwhile, the irradiation of the radiation source 7 on the aerosol particles is discontinuous.

[0066] In the light detection assembly, the detection and reception of the fluorescence generated by the excitation of microorganisms on the aerosol particles and the irradiation of the radiation source 7 on the aerosol particles are not synchronized in time sequence and are set to be staggered in time, so as to make the light detection assembly not perform the detection and reception of the fluorescence when the radiation source 7 irradiates the aerosol particles, and the radiation source 7 does not irradiate the aerosol particles when the light detection assembly performs the detection and reception of the fluorescence.

[0067] The collection carrier specifically includes a collection plate 11 as a carrier for carrying the exhaled aerosol particles.

[0068] The collection carrier is also provided with a temperature control device 9 and an ultrasonic device 10.

[0069] The temperature control device 9 is arranged at the bottom surface of the collection plate 11 of the collection carrier, and is used to control the temperature of the collection plate 11 of the collection carrier and the aerosol particles thereon, so as to keep the temperature of the particles constant and prevent the temperature quenching of the fluorescence.

[0070] The temperature control device 9 can heat and cool to keep the temperature of the collection plate 11 of the collection carrier constant.

[0071] The ultrasonic device 10 is arranged at the bottom surface of the collection plate 11 of the collection carrier, and is used to generate ultrasonic vibration to clean the aerosol particles on the collection plate 11 of the collection carrier after the identification and detection, thereby playing a role of cleaning the aerosol particles.

[0072] The spectrum collection cavity 2 contains main functional components of the convex lens 5, the fluorescence filter 6, the radiation source 7, the light trap 8, the temperature control device 9, the ultrasonic device 10 and the collection plate 11, wherein the convex lens 5, the fluorescence filter 6 and the light trap 8 are light path components, the radiation source 7 has the function of emitting specific irradiation to the exhaled aerosol particles, the temperature control device 9 is used to maintain the temperature of the collection plate 11 constant, and the ultrasonic device 10 is used to transmit ultrasonic waves to the collection plate 11 and the exhaled aerosol, and has the functions of auxiliary processing and cleaning.

[0073] The radiation source 7 emits irradiation of one or more of microwaves, ultrasonic waves and x-rays. The radiation source can continuously irradiate in one or more irradiation modes.

[0074] The irradiation parameters of the radiation source 7 include resolution, maximum processing intensity, and integral time; the irradiation can be controlled by setting the irradiation parameters.

[0075] The setting of the irradiation parameters is stored and implemented by the controller or switch of the radiation source 7.

[0076] The laser emitted by the laser 4 is reflected by the aerosol particles to form intermediate reflected light, and the intermediate reflected light and the excited fluorescent light of different wavelengths are transmitted through the convex lens 5, but the fluorescent light filter 6 filters out the laser emitted by the laser 4, and only the excited fluorescent light of different wavelengths is incident into the spectrum acquisition instrument 1.

[0077] The exhaled gas sampler 3 has two electrodes with positive and negative polarities respectively, and the electrode with one polarity is connected to an external voltage, and the electrode with the other polarity is located on the bottom surface of the collection carrier.

[0078] Specifically arranged below the quartz collection plate 24.

[0079] The processing procedure of the embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0080] Step S1: depositing human exhaled aerosol on the collection plate 11 with irradiation and temperature control functions, the collection plate 11 is a carrier for carrying exhaled aerosol particles, and a temperature control device 9 is arranged on the collection plate to eliminate temperature quenching caused by continuous irradiation; the particles on the aerosol are deposited on the collection plate 11 to form aerosol particles, and the aerosol particles adhere to microorganisms.

[0081] Step S2: setting the type of irradiation processing, and the type of the embodiment is determined as microwave,

[0082] The irradiation parameters are set as follows: the maximum processing intensity is 100 mW / m 2 , the resolution is 1 / s, and the total integral time is 10 s.

[0083] Step S3: turning on the temperature control device 9, setting the target temperature T to be 4 degrees Celsius, keeping the temperature on the collection plate 11 constant, adjusting and controlling the temperature of the collection plate 11 to be constant at T through the temperature control device, and the error is as small as possible, and the error is not greater than 0.1 degrees Celsius;

[0084] Step S4: according to the above settings, continuously irradiating the aerosol particles on the collection plate 11 with the radiation source 7, setting short-term intermittent irradiation according to the resolution, maximum processing intensity, and integral time, and using the laser 4 in the light detection assembly to emit ultraviolet light to irradiate the aerosol particles, using the spectrum acquisition instrument 1 to quickly scan and detect the fluorescent spectrum of the pathogen surface protein conformation of the microorganisms in the whole irradiation process, and obtaining a three-dimensional fluorescent spectrum, wherein the fluorescent intensity is a function of wavelength and continuous irradiation intensity.

[0085] The irradiation time and the scanning detection time of the spectrum acquisition instrument 1 are staggered and do not overlap in time. Usually, the irradiation is intermittent, and the scanning detection of the spectrum acquisition instrument 1 is performed in the period between two adjacent irradiations.

[0086] Step S5: drawing a three-dimensional fluorescence surface based on the three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum obtained above, analyzing the three-dimensional fluorescence surface, extracting the contour characteristic spectrum as a fluorescence fingerprint, and performing feature extraction and modeling;

[0087] The specific models implemented are support vector classification and support vector regression models, which are used to identify microbial species and microbial content respectively.

[0088] Step S6: performing inversion processing on the extracted features according to the established model to obtain the types and contents of microorganisms in the human exhaled aerosol.

[0089] For the types of microorganisms, the peak position, number, slope, and volume features are extracted from the contour feature spectrum, and then processed by the support vector classification model to obtain the types of microorganisms.

[0090] For the content of microorganisms, the peak elevation, height difference, slope and volume features extracted from the contour feature spectrum were processed by support vector regression model to obtain the content of microorganisms.

[0091] Figure 3 and Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the device proposed by the present invention. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, it mainly includes a pipeline component of a sampling and filtering link 14, a composite sampling link 15, a spectrum collection cavity link 16, and a convergent air outlet link 17 that are connected in sequence. What is important is that the spectrum collection cavity link 16 includes a spectrum input optical fiber 18, a spectrum output optical fiber 19, a radiation source 20, and an aerosol deposition component 21 including ultrasound and temperature control. The aerosol deposition component 21 includes a quartz collection plate 24, a temperature controller 25 and an ultrasonic device 26. The composite sampling link 15 includes a collision cutter link 22 and a corona discharge link 23.

[0092] The composite sampling link 15 includes a collision cutter link 22 and a corona discharge link 23. The aerosol enters the composite sampling link 15 from the sampling and filtering link 14, first passes through the collision cutter link 22 to intercept particles of a specific diameter in the aerosol, and the corona discharge link 23 is provided with a negative plate connected to an external voltage. After being processed by the negative plate of the corona discharge link 23, the aerosol becomes negatively charged and then flows into the spectral collection cavity link 16.

[0093] A quartz collecting plate 24 is arranged in the pipeline of the spectral collection cavity 16, and aerosol particles are deposited on the quartz collecting plate 24. A negative electrode plate is set on the side of the quartz collecting plate 24. When the negatively charged aerosol is close to the positive electrode of the quartz collecting plate 24, it is electrodeposited and falls on the quartz collecting plate 24.

[0094] The radiation source 20 is inserted into the pipe of the spectrum collection cavity section 16 and extends into the inner cavity of the pipe. The spectrum input fiber 18 of the laser 4 and the spectrum output fiber 19 of the receiving end of the spectrum acquisition instrument 1 are also inserted into the pipe of the spectrum collection cavity section 16 and extend into the inner cavity of the pipe. The spectrum input fiber 18 and the spectrum output fiber 19 are arranged perpendicularly and not on the same axis. The spectrum input fiber 18 is used to emit laser light to irradiate aerosol particles, and the spectrum output fiber 19 is used to detect and receive fluorescence transmitted through aerosol particles.

[0095] A temperature controller 25 and an ultrasonic device 26 are located beneath the bottom surface of the quartz collection plate 24. Ultimately, through the combined action of the radiation source 20, the temperature controller 25, and other components, the three-dimensional fluorescence of aerosol particles under continuous irradiation is detected and received via the spectral output optical fiber 19. After detection, the ultrasonic device 26 is activated, vibrating the quartz collection plate 24 to remove aerosol particles, allowing for the next test.

[0096] Figure 5 and Figure 6 This is an example result of continuous irradiation three-dimensional fluorescence of exhaled aerosol microorganisms.

[0097] The contour characteristic spectra of the continuous irradiation three-dimensional fluorescence of exhaled aerosol microorganisms and the continuous irradiation three-dimensional fluorescence of exhaled aerosol microorganisms are shown as follows: Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown.

[0098] Figure 5 As can be seen, this continuous irradiation three-dimensional fluorescence adds a new dimension of continuous microwave irradiation to the two-dimensional fluorescence spectrum. The initial fluorescence spectrum has a clear peak near 360 nm, which gradually decreases with microwave treatment and remains constant at four treatment intensity units. After six treatment intensity units, a peak appears near 790 nm, which signals non-microbial impurities in the exhaled aerosol.

[0099] Figure 6 As can be seen from the figure, continuous irradiation three-dimensional fluorescence can obtain a clear fingerprint by extracting the contour characteristic spectrum. Among them, the peak position, number, slope, volume, and peak elevation and height difference features are easy to extract. Figure 5 The corresponding peaks have obvious peaks near 360 nm and 790 nm, and the changes in the peaks and troughs are clearly recorded.

[0100] In the above example, the peak position, number, slope, volume, peak elevation and height difference on the continuously irradiated three-dimensional fluorescent surface were extracted, and the types and contents of microorganisms were obtained through support vector classification and support vector regression model processing. The microorganism type identified in the exhaled aerosol was severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, and the content was 10 5 virus / m 3 .

[0101] The above results show that the peak position, number, slope, volume, peak elevation, height difference, etc. on the continuously irradiated three-dimensional fluorescent surface contain a large amount of information about microorganisms in exhaled aerosols, becoming a new method for identifying microorganisms in exhaled aerosols.

[0102] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0103] The above is a description of the exhaled aerosol microbial detection device based on continuous irradiation three-dimensional fluorescence provided by the present invention. For those skilled in the art, according to the principles of the embodiments of the present invention, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid detection device for exhaled aerosol microorganisms, characterized by: including a spectrum collection cavity (2); It includes a collection carrier placed in the spectrum collection cavity (2) and carrying aerosol particles obtained by human exhalation; It includes a light detection component that generates a light beam to irradiate aerosol particles, detects the fluorescence generated by the microorganisms on the aerosol particles, and obtains a two-dimensional fluorescence spectrum; The method comprises a radiation source (7) placed in a spectrum collection cavity (2) and directed toward the aerosol particles on the collection carrier, wherein the radiation source (7) irradiates the aerosol particles and affects the fluorescence generated by the microorganisms on the aerosol particles, thereby converting the detected two-dimensional fluorescence spectrum into a three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum; In the light detection assembly, the light beam irradiated on the aerosol particles remains continuous, while the detection and reception of fluorescence generated by the excitation of microorganisms on the aerosol particles is discontinuous; at the same time, the radiation source (7) irradiates the aerosol particles discontinuously; The detection receiver in the light detection assembly that generates fluorescence due to the stimulation of microorganisms on aerosol particles and the radiation source (7) that irradiates the aerosol particles are not synchronized in time sequence; Carry out the following testing process according to the device: S1. Depositing human exhaled aerosol particles on an irradiated collection carrier; S2. Setting the type of irradiation treatment and irradiation parameters; S4. Continuously irradiating the aerosol particles on the collection carrier through a radiation source, and scanning and detecting the fluorescence spectrum of the surface protein conformation of the microorganism pathogen on the aerosol particles during the entire irradiation process to obtain a three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum; S5, analyzing the three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum to extract the contour characteristic spectrum as the fluorescence fingerprint, and performing feature extraction and modeling; S6. Detecting microorganisms in human exhaled aerosol by processing based on the established model and extracted features; In the three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum, the fluorescence intensity is related to the wavelength and the irradiation intensity; The three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum is obtained by continuous and intermittent detection and uptake during the intermittent radiation treatment; The resulting three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum includes variables generated by the radiation of microbial particles in the aerosol. After spectral processing and modeling analysis, the specificity of microorganisms during irradiation treatment is utilized to analyze the types and concentrations of microorganisms in the aerosol of human respiratory gas.

2. The device for rapid detection of microorganisms in exhaled aerosol according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aerosol particles are obtained by sampling from human respiratory gas through a sampling assembly, wherein the sampling assembly includes an exhaled gas sampler (3) and a respiratory sampling mouthpiece (12); A breath sampling nozzle (12) is placed on the human mouth to receive the human breath and discharge it to the exhaled gas sampler (3); The exhaled gas sampler (3) receives human breath from the breath sampling nozzle (12), processes the exhaled gas through electro-deposition, forms aerosol particles, and places the particles on a collection carrier.

3. The device for rapid detection of microorganisms in exhaled aerosol according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light detection assembly comprises a laser (4), a convex lens (5), a fluorescence filter (6), a spectrum acquisition instrument (1) and a light trap (8); the laser (4) emits laser light, which is irradiated on aerosol particles on a collection carrier to excite fluorescence, and the light beam transmitted through the aerosol particles is absorbed by the light trap (8), and the fluorescence excited on the aerosol particles is detected and received by the spectrum acquisition instrument (1) after passing through the convex lens (5) and the fluorescence filter (6).

4. The device for rapid detection of microorganisms in exhaled aerosol according to claim 3, characterized in that: The convex lens (5) and the fluorescent filter (6) are both placed in the spectrum collection cavity (2), and the laser (4), the reflector (13), the spectrum acquisition instrument (1) and the light trap (8) are all placed outside the spectrum collection cavity (2).

5. The device for rapid detection of microorganisms in exhaled aerosol according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collection carrier specifically includes a collection plate (11) as a carrier for carrying exhaled aerosol particles.

6. The device for rapid detection of microorganisms in exhaled aerosol according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collection carrier is also provided with a temperature control device (9) and an ultrasonic device (10); A temperature control device (9), arranged on the bottom surface of the collection carrier, for controlling the temperature of the collection carrier and the aerosol particles thereon; The ultrasonic device (10) is arranged on the bottom surface of the collection carrier and is used to generate ultrasonic vibration to remove aerosol particles on the collection carrier after identification and detection.

7. The device for rapid detection of microorganisms in exhaled aerosol according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation source (7) emits one or more of microwaves, ultrasound, and X-rays.

8. The device for rapid detection of microorganisms in exhaled aerosol according to claim 1, characterized in that: The irradiation parameters of the radiation source (7) include resolution, maximum processing intensity, and integration time.

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