High frequency and low frequency soil and plant analysis system with integrated measurements

Abstract

Soil or plant analysis apparatuses that implement low and high frequency measurements are described herein. In one embodiment, a soil analysis apparatus includes a first subsystem to implement low frequency soil measurements and a second subsystem to implement high frequency soil measurements. The high frequency measurements of the second subsystem are at least 1.25 times the low frequency measurements of the first subsystem.

Description

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Serial No. 63 / 014,351, filed April 23, 2020, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] Embodiments of this disclosure relate to a high-frequency and low-frequency agricultural soil and plant analysis system with integrated measurements. Background Technology

[0004] In recent years, the availability of advanced location-specific agricultural soil measurement systems (for so-called "precision farming" practices) has increased growers' interest in determining spatial variations in soil properties. However, both soil sensors in the soil and satellite soil remote sensing present measurement accuracy issues. Attached Figure Description

[0005] This disclosure is illustrated by way of example and not limitation in the accompanying drawings, and in the drawings:

[0006] Figure 1 An example of a system 100 for carrying out agricultural operations in farmland (e.g., high-frequency and low-frequency soil and plant analysis, sensing soil and agricultural plant characteristics, applying fluids to plants) according to one embodiment is shown.

[0007] Figure 2 This is a side view of an embodiment of the planting machine row unit.

[0008] Figure 3 An embodiment of a soil and plant monitoring system is illustrated schematically.

[0009] Figure 4 A soil and plant analysis apparatus according to one embodiment is shown.

[0010] Figure 5 and Figure 6 A soil and plant analysis apparatus according to another embodiment is shown.

[0011] Figure 7 A soil and plant analysis apparatus according to another embodiment is shown.

[0012] Figure 8 A soil and plant analysis apparatus according to another embodiment is shown.

[0013] Figure 9 A flowchart of one embodiment of a method 900 for combining soil or plant measurements received from the first and second subsystems of a soil and plant analysis device is shown.

[0014] Figure 10AA plot showing the data sets from the first and second subsystems is shown according to one embodiment.

[0015] Figure 10B A superimposition of the data sets from the first and second subsystems on the same grid 1000 is shown.

[0016] Figure 11 An example of a soil and plant analysis system 1200 (device 1200) is shown, which includes an implement 1240 (e.g., planter, seeder, drill, fertilizer spreader, sprayer, plow, harrow, disk, ripper, center pivot, tillage device) and a machine 1202 (e.g., translatable self-propelled machine or towed machine, vehicle, all-terrain vehicle, utility terrain vehicle, pickup truck, combine, tractor) according to one embodiment. SUMMARY

[0017] Described herein is a soil or plant analysis device that implements low and high frequency measurements. In one embodiment, the soil analysis device includes a first subsystem to implement low frequency soil measurements and a second subsystem to implement high frequency soil measurements. The frequency of the high frequency measurements of the second subsystem is at least 1.25 times the frequency of the low frequency measurements of the first subsystem. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] High and low frequency soil and plant analysis system

[0019] Described herein are systems, machines, and implements with high and low frequency soil and plant analysis sensors for soil and plant analysis. The high and low frequency measurements allow for correction of potentially faster, higher resolution, but less accurate measurements by lower frequency, higher accuracy measurements. The terms high and low frequency are relative to each other, and are defined by the ratio described below. High frequency is any frequency higher than low frequency, and low frequency is any frequency lower than high frequency.

[0020] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth. However, it is understood that embodiments of the disclosure can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form, rather than in detail, in order to avoid obscuring the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 1An example of a system 100 for implementing agricultural operations of an agricultural field (e.g., high and low frequency soil and plant analysis, sensing soil and agricultural plant characteristics, applying fluid applications to plants) is shown in accordance with one embodiment. By way of example and in one embodiment, the system 100 can be implemented as a cloud-based system having servers, data processing devices, computers, etc. Aspects, features, and functionality of the system 100 can be implemented in a laboratory testing device, a planter, a planter monitor, an all-terrain vehicle, a utility terrain vehicle, a pickup truck, a combine, a tractor, a planter, a seeder, a drill, a fertilizer applicator, a sprayer, a plow, a harrow, a disk harrow, a ripper, an irrigation implement (e.g., a center pivot sprinkler), a tillage device, a sidedress bar, a server, a laptop, a tablet, a computer terminal, a client device, an aerial device 190 (e.g., an airplane 190, an aerial drone device), a handheld computer, a personal digital assistant, a cellular telephone, a camera, a smartphone, a mobile phone, a computing device, or a combination of any of these devices or other data processing devices. A laboratory device is a standalone device for analyzing samples. The laboratory device can be stationed in a laboratory and can also be used elsewhere other than in a vehicle.

[0022] In other embodiments, the system 100 includes a network computer or an embedded processing device located within another device (e.g., a display device) or machine (e.g., a planter, a combine) or has fewer components or possibly more components than the data processing system shown in FIG. 1. Figure 1 The system 100 (e.g., a cloud-based system) can sense soil and plants for soil and plant analysis using one or more of an implement (e.g., a planter, a seeder, a drill, a fertilizer applicator, a sprayer, a plow, a harrow, a disk harrow, a ripper, a center pivot sprinkler, a tillage device), a machine (e.g., a translatable self-propelled machine or a towed machine, a vehicle, an all-terrain vehicle, a utility terrain vehicle, a pickup truck, a combine, a tractor), and an aerial device in a laboratory device. The system 100 includes machines 140, 142, 144, 146 and implements 141, 143, 145 coupled to the respective machines 140, 142, 144, 146. The implements can include subsystems 182, 183, the machines and aerial devices can include subsystems 180, 181, the subsystems with sensors for sensing soil and plants within an associated field (e.g., fields 102, 105, 107, 109).

[0023] The system 100 includes an agricultural analysis system 101 that includes a weather storage 150 with current and historical weather data, a weather prediction module 152 with weather predictions for different regions, and at least one processing system 132 for executing instructions for controlling and monitoring different operations (e.g., soil and plant measurements). A storage medium 136 can store instructions, software, software programs, etc. for execution by the processing system and for implementing operations of the agricultural analysis system 102. In one example, the storage medium 136 can contain plant sensing prescriptions (e.g., plant sensing prescriptions that associate geographic reference locations in a field with plant locations, plant data for each plant). The implement 141 (or any implement) can include sensors, pumps, flow sensors, and / or flow controllers that can be specifically elements that communicate with the network 180 for sending control signals or receiving applied data.

[0024] The image database 160 stores captured images of crops at different growth stages. The data analysis module 130 can implement analysis on agricultural data (e.g., images, weather, field, yield, etc.) to generate crop predictions 162 related to agricultural operations.

[0025] The field information database 134 stores agricultural data for fields monitored by the system 100 (e.g., sensing data for determining plant characteristics (e.g., stem diameter, plant size), crop growth stage, soil type, sensing data for determining soil characteristics, water holding capacity, etc.). The agricultural practice information database 135 stores farm practice information for fields being monitored by the system 100 (e.g., applied planting information, applied spraying information, applied fertilization information, planting density, applied nutrients (e.g., nitrogen), yield level, specific index (e.g., ratio of seed density to soil parameter), etc.). The implement can obtain fluid application data from the application unit and provide the data to the system 100. The cost / price database 138 stores input cost information (e.g., cost of seeds, cost of nutrients (e.g., nitrogen)) and commodity price information (e.g., revenue from crops).

[0026] Figure 1 The system 100 shown in FIG. 1 can include a network interface 118 for communicating with other systems or devices (e.g., drone devices, user devices, and machines (e.g., planters, combines)) via a network 180 (e.g., the Internet, a wide area network, WiMax, satellite, cellular, IP network, etc.). The network interface includes one or more types of transceivers for communicating via the network 180.

[0027] Processing system 132 may include one or more microprocessors, processors, system-on-a-chip (integrated circuits), or one or more microcontrollers. The processing system includes processing logic for executing software instructions for one or more programs. System 100 includes a storage medium 136 for storing data and for programs executed by the processing system. Storage medium 136 is capable of storing, for example, software components, such as software applications for sensing plant data or any other software applications. Storage medium 136 can be any known form of machine-readable non-transient storage medium (such as semiconductor memory (e.g., flash memory; static random access memory (SRAM); dynamic random access memory (DRAM) etc.)) or non-volatile memory (such as hard disk or solid-state drive).

[0028] Although the storage medium (e.g., a machine-accessible non-transient medium) is shown as a single medium in the exemplary embodiments, the term "machine-accessible non-transient medium" should be understood to include a single medium or multiple media (e.g., a centralized or distributed database, and / or associated caches and servers) that store one or more sets of instructions. The term "machine-accessible non-transient medium" should also be understood to include any medium capable of storing, encoding, or carrying a set of instructions for execution by a machine and for enabling the machine to implement any one or more of the methods of this disclosure. Therefore, the term "machine-accessible non-transient medium" should be understood to include, but is not limited to, solid-state memory, optical and magnetic media, and carrier signals.

[0029] Turning Figure 2 An embodiment is shown, in which row unit 200 is a planting machine row unit. Figure 2 An example of a specific application of the soil and plant analysis sensor 100, as described herein, is shown, placed on a row unit 200 of an agricultural planter. The row unit 200 includes a soil and plant analysis sensor 100A placed at the front end of the row unit 200 and a soil and plant analysis sensor 100B placed at the rear end of the row unit 200. For some applications (e.g., plant contact sensing, soil or plant remote sensing), the soil and plant analysis sensors 100A and 100B may be located above the ground 11, or for other applications (e.g., soil contact sensing), they may be located below the ground 11.

[0030] about Figure 2The row unit 200 includes a frame 204 pivotally connected to a general frame 202 via parallel links 206, allowing each row unit 200 to move vertically independently of the general frame 202. The frame 204 operably supports one or more hoppers 208, a seed metering device 210, a seed conveying mechanism 212, a downpressure control system 214, a seed furrow opening assembly 220, a seed furrow closing assembly 250, a soil compactor wheel assembly 260, and a furrow clearer assembly 270. It should be understood that... Figure 2 The row unit 200 shown can be used in a conventional fillplanter, or the row unit 200 can be a central fillplanter, in which case the hopper 208 can be replaced by one or more smaller hoppers and frames 204, which are adapted accordingly to be recognized by those skilled in the art.

[0031] The downforce control system 214 is positioned to apply lifting force and / or downforce to the row unit 200, as disclosed in U.S. Publication No. US2014 / 0090585.

[0032] The seed furrow opening assembly 220 includes a pair of furrowing discs 222 rotatably supported by a downwardly extending handle member 205 of a frame 204. The furrowing discs 222 are arranged outwardly and rearwardly to open V-shaped furrows 10 in the soil 11 as the planter traverses the field. A seed delivery mechanism 212 (such as a seed delivery tube or seed conveyor) is positioned between the furrowing discs 222 to deliver seeds from a seed metering device 210 and place seeds into the opened seed furrows 10. The depth of the seed furrows 10 is controlled by a pair of measuring wheels 224 positioned near the furrowing discs 222. The measuring wheels 224 are rotatably supported by measuring wheel arms 226, which are pivotally fixed at one end to the frame 204 about a pivot pin 228. A rocker arm 230 is pivotally supported on the frame 204 by a pivot pin 232. It should be understood that the rotation of the rocker arm 230 about the pivot pin 232 sets the depth of the trench 10 by limiting the upward travel of the measuring wheel arm 226 (and therefore the measuring wheel) relative to the trenching disc 222. The rocker arm 230 can be adjusted and positioned via a linear actuator 234 mounted to the row unit frame 204 and pivotally coupled to the upper end of the rocker arm 230. The linear actuator 234 can be remotely controlled or automatically actuated, as disclosed, for example, in International Publication No. WO2014 / 186810.

[0033] Downforce sensor 238 is configured to generate a signal relating to the magnitude of the force applied to the soil by measuring wheel 224. In some embodiments, pivot pin 232 for rocker arm 230 may include downforce sensor 238, such as the instrumented pin disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 8,561,472. Seed metering device 210 may be any commercially available seed metering device, such as a finger seed metering device or a vacuum seed metering device, such as... Seeding equipment, which is available from Precision Planting LLC, located at 23207 Townline Rd, Tremont, IL 61568.

[0034] The furrow closure assembly 250 includes closure wheel arms 252 pivotally attached to a row unit frame 204. A pair of offset closure wheels 254 are rotatably attached to the closure wheel arms 252 and angled to guide soil back into the open seed furrow, thereby “closing” the soil furrow. An actuator 256 may be pivotally attached at one end to the closure wheel arms 252 and at the other end to the row unit frame 204 to vary the downforce applied by the closure wheels 254 according to soil conditions. The closure wheel assembly 250 may be of the type disclosed in International Publication No. WO2014 / 066650.

[0035] The soil compactor wheel assembly 260 includes an arm 262 that is pivotally attached to the row unit frame 204 and extends behind and is aligned with the enclosed wheel assembly 250.

[0036] Arm 262 rotatably supports compactor wheel 264. Actuator 266 is pivotally attached to the arm at one end and to row unit frame 204 at the other end to change the magnitude of the downward pressure applied by compactor wheel 264 to fill soil into seed furrow 10.

[0037] The clearer assembly 270 can be obtained from Precision Planting LLC, located at 23207 Townline Rd, Tremont, IL 61568. The system includes an arm 272 pivotally attached to the front end of a row unit frame 204 and aligned with a furrowing assembly 220. A pair of ridger wheels 274 are rotatably attached to the front end of the arm 272. An actuator 276 is pivotally attached at one end to the arm 272 and at the other end to the row unit frame 204 to adjust the downward pressure acting on the arm to vary the invasiveness of the action of the ridger wheels 274 according to the amount of crop residue and soil conditions.

[0038] It should be understood that the sensor can be positioned in one or more locations, either after the furrower assembly 270 and before the furrowing assembly 220, or between the furrowing disc 222 and the closing wheel 254, or between the furrowing disc 222 and the compactor wheel 264, depending on the soil area or characteristics of interest, rather than as... Figure 2 The soil and plant analysis sensor 100 is positioned as shown.

[0039] Turning Figure 3 The diagram schematically illustrates a soil and plant monitoring system 300. The monitor 50 preferably communicates data with components associated with each row unit 200, each row unit including a driver 315, a seed sensor 305, a GPS receiver 52, a downpressure sensor 392, a valve 390, a depth adjustment actuator 380, and a depth actuator encoder 382. In some embodiments, particularly those where each seed meter 230 is not driven by a separate driver 315, the monitor 50 also preferably communicates data with a clutch 310 configured to selectively operatively engage the seed meter 230 to the driver 315.

[0040] Continue to refer to Figure 3 The monitor 50 preferably communicates with a cellular modem 330 or other components configured to enable the monitor 50 to communicate with the Internet, as indicated by reference numeral 335. The Internet connection may include a wireless or cellular connection. Via the Internet connection, the monitor 50 preferably receives data from a weather data server 340 and a soil / plant data server 345. Via the Internet connection, the monitor 50 preferably transmits measurement data (e.g., soil and plant measurements described herein) to a recommendation server (which may be the same server as the weather data server 340 and / or the soil / plant data server 345) for storing agronomic recommendations (e.g., planting recommendations such as planting depth, whether to plant, which fields to plant, which seeds to plant, or which crops to plant) and receiving said agronomic recommendations from a recommendation system stored on the server; in some embodiments, the recommendation system updates the planting recommendations based on the measurement data provided by the monitor 50.

[0041] Continue to refer to Figure 3The monitor 50 also preferably communicates data with one or more temperature sensors 360, which are mounted to the planter 10 and configured to generate a signal related to the temperature of the soil being cultivated by the planter row unit 200. The monitor 50 preferably communicates data with one or more sensors 350 (e.g., reflectivity, light wavelength reflection / absorption, electromagnetic wavelength reflection / absorption, current flow, X-ray fluorescence, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, near-infrared spectroscopy, mid-infrared spectroscopy, far-infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, gamma-ray emission, multispectral sensing, short-wave infrared, ion-selective electrode, chemical field-effect transistor, microfluidics, flow injection analysis, inductively coupled plasma, ultraviolet-visible or near-infrared fluorescence, photoacoustic spectroscopy) mounted to the planter 10 and configured to generate a signal related to the soil or plants being cultivated by the planter row unit 200.

[0042] refer to Figure 3 The monitor 50 preferably communicates data with one or more conductivity sensors 365, which are mounted to the planter 10 and configured to generate a signal relating to the temperature of the soil being cultivated by the planter row unit 200.

[0043] In some embodiments, a first set of sensors 350, temperature sensor 360, and conductivity sensor are mounted to the seed presser 400 and positioned to measure soil characteristics, temperature, and conductivity of the soil in the ditch 38, respectively. In some embodiments, a second set of sensors 350, temperature sensor 360, and conductivity sensor 370 are mounted to a reference sensor assembly 1800 and positioned to measure soil characteristics, temperature, and conductivity of the soil, preferably at a depth different from that of the sensors on the seed presser 400.

[0044] In some embodiments, a subgroup of sensors communicates with monitor 50 via bus 60 (e.g., a CAN bus). In some embodiments, sensors mounted to seed press 400 and reference sensor assembly 1800 also communicate with monitor 50 via bus 60. However, in Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, sensors mounted on the seed presser 400 and the reference sensor assembly 1800 communicate with the monitor 50 via a first wireless transmitter 62-1 and a second wireless transmitter 62-2, respectively. The wireless transmitter 62 at each row unit preferably communicates with a single wireless receiver 64, which in turn communicates with the monitor 50. The wireless receivers can be mounted in the general-purpose frame 14 or the cab of the tractor 5.

[0045] Each subsystem of the soil and plant analysis system is capable of using sensing technologies, including but not limited to: optical wavelength reflectance / absorption, electromagnetic wavelength reflectance / absorption, temperature, current flow, conductivity, X-ray fluorescence, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, near-infrared spectroscopy, mid-infrared spectroscopy, far-infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, gamma-ray emission, multispectral sensing, short-wave infrared, ion-selective electrodes, chemical field-effect transistors, microfluidics, flow injection analysis, inductively coupled plasma, ultraviolet-visible or near-infrared fluorescence, and photoacoustic spectroscopy.

[0046] Each subsystem is capable of having various possible implementations regarding proximity to soil, including but not limited to direct physical contact with soil (or plants) and remote measurement of soil or plants without direct physical contact with soil or plants.

[0047] Direct measuring equipment can be installed on one of the following vehicles or equipment, including but not limited to: planters, seeders, row seeders, fertilizer spreaders, sprayers, plows, harrows, disc harrows, tillers, center-pivot sprinklers, tillage equipment, self-propelled or tractor-trailers, vehicles, all-terrain vehicles, multi-purpose vehicles, pickup trucks, combine harvesters, and tractors.

[0048] For applications requiring no direct physical contact, remote measurement equipment can be mounted on any of the aforementioned vehicles or equipment, as well as on aerial devices such as airplanes, drones, and satellites (e.g., satellite imagery). Furthermore, it can collect and test samples in laboratory testing facilities.

[0049] Each subsystem can have various possible embodiments regarding soil preparation, including but not limited to the following embodiments. In the first example, it is possible to leave the soil in its natural field conditions without any soil preparation, and the measuring device can directly measure soil properties.

[0050] In the second example, a soil solution can be generated by adding a diluent or an extractant, and then the properties of the soil solution can be measured using a measuring device. The extractant is specifically selected for extracting the analyte. In some embodiments, the diluent or extractant is water. In other embodiments, the extractant is any chemical extractant used to test nutrients in soil and / or vegetation. Examples of extractants include, but are not limited to, water, Mehlich 3 extractant, NaCl, diethyltriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), ammonium bicarbonate-diethyltriaminepentaacetic acid (AB-DTPA), Mehlich 1, Mehlich 2, Mehlich 3, NH4OAc, OlsenP test extractant, Morgan extractant, modified Morgan extractant, Bray-Kurtz extractant, CaCl2, BaCl2, SrCl2, hot water, Truog extractant, Ambic extractant, HNO3, LiCl, calcium acetate-lactic acid, oxalate, citrate-bicarbonate-dithionite, HCl, and acidic ammonium oxalate.

[0051] In the third example, soil "spheres" can be produced by mechanically compressing the soil, and then the properties of the soil "spheres" can be measured using measuring equipment.

[0052] In the fourth example, soil samples can be prepared by removing water from the soil through a drying process, and then the properties of the soil can be measured using measuring equipment.

[0053] In the fifth example, soil samples can be prepared by mechanically smoothing or roughening the surface properties of the soil to aid subsequent measurement methods.

[0054] Soil and plant analysis systems can measure various parameters, including soil and plant measurements such as soil physical properties, soil chemical properties, soil mechanical properties, soil biological properties, and plant properties.

[0055] Soil physical properties include density, strength, texture, structure, moisture content, binding capacity, permeability, porosity, and mineralogical properties.

[0056] Soil chemical properties (extractable and non-extractable forms) include pH, buffer pH, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, cation exchange capacity, organic matter, sulfur, nitrate, zinc, sodium, iron, manganese, molybdenum, boron, copper, chlorine, chloride, iron, alkali saturation, nitrate, nitrite, total nitrogen, ammonium, phosphate, orthophosphate, polyphosphate, total phosphate, cation exchange capacity, cation alkali saturation percentage, soluble salts, organic matter, excess lime, activated carbon, aluminum, amino sugar nitrate, ammonia nitrogen, carbon-nitrogen ratio, electrical conductivity, texture (sand, silt, clay), cyst nematode egg count, and mineralizable nitrogen.

[0057] Soil mechanical properties include shear strength, compressibility, erosiveness, elasticity, plasticity, available water content, plastic limit, liquid limit, and specific gravity.

[0058] Soil biological characteristics include mineralization potential, CO2 bursts, nematode analysis, and cysted nematodes.

[0059] Plant / vegetation measurement characteristics include nitrogen, nitrate, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium, sodium, base saturation percentage of cations, sulfur, zinc, manganese, iron, copper, boron, ammonia nitrogen, carbon, chloride, cobalt, molybdenum, selenium, total nitrogen, and live plant parasitic nematodes.

[0060] In one example, the measurement frequency can be represented by, but is not limited to, the following units: measurement / area (e.g., acres, hectares, square meters, square feet), measurement / time, measurement / distance (e.g., feet, meters, kilometers, etc.), measurement / grid (where a grid is a polygonal pattern superimposed on a field), and measurement / area (where an area is an irregular shape superimposed on a field).

[0061] Figure 4 A soil and plant analysis apparatus according to one embodiment is illustrated. The soil analysis apparatus 400 can be self-propelled or towed by a tractor 402 or machine. The soil and plant analysis apparatus 400 includes subsystems 410 and 420. In one example, a diluent can be added to subsystem 410 and soil and plant properties can be measured using a flow injection analysis system. Subsystem 420 (e.g., a soil collection knife, a plant collection knife) can include a soil / plant collection sampler 422 that comes into direct contact with soil or plant tissue and a sensor 424 (e.g., an NIR sensor). Sensor 424 can be mounted to subsystem 420. Depending on the soil or plant analysis application, sensor 424 can be located above, near, or below the soil surface level 450. Alternatively, soil or plant samples can be collected and then tested on a laboratory device detached from the vehicle.

[0062] Figure 5 and Figure 6 A soil and plant analysis device according to another embodiment is shown. The soil and plant analysis device 600 can be self-propelled or towed by a tractor 602, 604 or other machinery. The soil and plant analysis device 600 includes... Figure 5 Subsystem 610 and Figure 6 Subsystem 620 is included in the system. Subsystem 610 may include a sensor 612 (e.g., a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) sampler sensor) that comes into direct contact with the soil or plants to measure soil or plant properties using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Sensor 612 can be mounted to subsystem 610.

[0063] In one example, subsystem 620 may include sensor 624 (e.g., a VIS-NIR sensor) that is in direct contact with the soil to sense soil properties. Sensor 624 can be mounted to subsystem 620, which can be connected to or mounted to implement 606 (e.g., a planter 606). Sensors 612 and 624 can be located above, near, or below the soil surface level 650.

[0064] Figure 7 A soil and plant analysis apparatus according to another embodiment is shown. The soil and plant analysis apparatus 700 can be self-propelled or towed by a tractor 702 or machine. The soil and plant analysis apparatus 700 includes a subsystem 710 having a blade 720 with a sensor 722 and a soil / plant collection sampler 724. The subsystem 740 can be mounted to an irrigation system 730 (e.g., a center-pivot sprinkler) or different types of implements. In one example, the subsystem 710 is capable of compressing soil / plant tissue into small samples (e.g., small balls) and then analyzing these small samples by X-ray diffraction. The blade 720 includes a soil / plant sampler 724 to obtain soil or plant tissue from the field and provide that soil or plant tissue as input to the subsystem 710. The blade 720 includes an X-ray diffraction sensor 722 to sense soil or plant properties. The subsystem 740 uses gamma-ray emission technology to implement non-contact soil / plant sensing. Sensor 722 can be positioned above, near, or below the soil surface level 750, while subsystem 740 is positioned above the soil surface level for use in gamma-ray emission technology.

[0065] Figure 8 A soil and plant analysis apparatus according to another embodiment is shown. The soil and plant analysis apparatus 800 includes subsystems 810 and 840. Subsystem 810 can be self-propelled or towed by a tractor 802 or machine. In one example, a diluent can be added to the analysis unit 812 of subsystem 810, and soil / plant properties can be measured using an ion-selective electrode. The soil collection blade 820 of subsystem 810 can include a soil / plant tissue collection sampler 822. Blade 820 can be positioned below the soil surface level 850.

[0066] Subsystem 840 includes a multispectral sensor, wherein subsystem 840 is mounted to or integrated with airborne device 804. The multispectral sensor measures soil or plant characteristics without contact with soil or plant tissue.

[0067] In one example of the first embodiment, the soil analysis device includes: a first subsystem for performing low-frequency soil measurements (e.g., 180, 182, 410, 420, 424, 610, 620, 624, 720, 722, 740, 810, 840, sensor 1252, sampler 1255, sensor 1212); and a second subsystem for performing high-frequency soil measurements (e.g., 181, 183, 410, 420, 424, 610, 620, 624, 720, 722, 740, 810, 840, sensor 1252, sampler 1255, sensor 1212). The first frequency of the high-frequency measurement in the second subsystem and the second frequency of the low-frequency measurement in the first subsystem have a frequency ratio of at least 1.25. In one example, the frequency ratio (e.g., 1.25, 1.5, 2, 3, 5, 10, etc.) is at least 1.25, and the low-frequency measurement with higher accuracy can be used to improve the accuracy of the high-frequency measurement with lower accuracy.

[0068] The third subsystem (e.g., processing system 132, processing system 1262, processing system 1220, processing system 132) is configured to combine measurements from the first subsystem with measurements from the second subsystem to form a spatial map of soil properties that can be displayed on a display device (e.g., display devices 1225, 1230, monitor 50).

[0069] In one example, the first and second subsystems are in one or more states of mechanical coupling, fluid communication, or electrical communication with each other.

[0070] Both the first and second subsystems are attached to accessories of equipment in a single vehicle or field. The measurement accuracy of the first subsystem is at least 25% better than that of the second subsystem.

[0071] In one example of the second embodiment, the soil analysis device includes: a first subsystem for performing high-precision soil measurements (e.g., 180, 182, 410, 420, 424, 610, 620, 624, 720, 722, 740, 810, 840, sensor 1252, sampler 1255, sensor 1212) and a second subsystem for performing low-precision soil measurements (e.g., 181, 183, 410, 420, 424, 610, 620, 624, 720, 722, 740, 810, 840, sensor 1252, sampler 1255, sensor 1212). The high measurement accuracy of the first subsystem is at least 1.25 times (e.g., 1.25 times, 1.5 times, 2 times, 3 times, etc.) the low measurement accuracy of the second subsystem.

[0072] The third subsystem (e.g., processing system 132, processing system 1262, processing system 1220, processing system 132) is configured to combine measurements from the first subsystem with measurements from the second subsystem to form a spatial map of soil properties that can be displayed on a display device (e.g., display devices 1225, 1230, monitor 50).

[0073] In one example, the first and second subsystems are in one or more states of mechanical coupling, fluid communication, or electrical communication with each other.

[0074] Both the first and second subsystems are attached to accessories of equipment in a single vehicle or field. High-precision and low-precision measurements allow for the correction of potentially faster, higher-resolution, but less precise measurements using lower-frequency, higher-precision measurements.

[0075] In one example of the third embodiment, the plant analysis device includes a first subsystem for performing low-frequency plant measurements (e.g., 180, 182, 410, 420, 424, 610, 620, 624, 720, 722, 740, 810, 840, sensor 1252, sampler 1255, sensor 1212) and a second subsystem for performing high-frequency plant measurements (e.g., 181, 183, 410, 420, 424, 610, 620, 624, 720, 722, 740, 810, 840, sensor 1252, sampler 1255, sensor 1212). The high-frequency measurements of the second subsystem are capable of being more than 1.25 times greater than the low-frequency measurements of the first subsystem. In one example, the frequency ratio between the high-frequency and low-frequency measurements is at least 1.25 (e.g., 1.25, 1.5, 2, 3, 5, 10, etc.).

[0076] The third subsystem (e.g., processing system 132, processing system 1262, processing system 1220, processing system 132) is configured to combine measurements from the first subsystem with measurements from the second subsystem to form a spatial map of plant characteristics that can be displayed on a display device (e.g., display devices 1225, 1230, monitor 50).

[0077] In one example, the first and second subsystems are in one or more states of mechanical coupling, fluid communication, or electrical communication with each other.

[0078] Both the first and second subsystems are attached to accessories of equipment in a single vehicle or field. The measurement accuracy of the first subsystem is at least 25% better than that of the second subsystem.

[0079] In one example of the fourth embodiment, the plant analysis device includes a first subsystem for performing high-precision soil measurements (e.g., 180, 182, 410, 420, 424, 610, 620, 624, 720, 722, 740, 810, 840, sensor 1252, sampler 1255, sensor 1212) and a second subsystem for performing low-precision soil measurements (e.g., 181, 183, 410, 420, 424, 610, 620, 624, 720, 722, 740, 810, 840, sensor 1252, sampler 1255, sensor 1212). The high measurement accuracy of the first subsystem is at least 1.25 times (e.g., 1.25 times, 1.5 times, 2 times, 3 times, etc.) the low measurement accuracy of the second subsystem.

[0080] A third subsystem (e.g., processing system 132, processing system 1262, processing system 1220, monitor 50) is configured to combine measurements from the first subsystem with measurements from the second subsystem to form a spatial map of plant characteristics that can be displayed on a display device (e.g., display devices 1225, 1230, monitor 50). Measurements may include any measurements used to analyze plant tissues, including nitrate time measurements.

[0081] In the example, high-frequency measurements occur 10 times per acre and low-frequency measurements occur 4 times per acre, resulting in a ratio of 2.5:1, which meets the standard (e.g., the high-frequency measurements of the second subsystem are 1.25 times greater than the low-frequency measurements of the first subsystem).

[0082] In another example, high-frequency measurements occur at 1200 times per second, and low-frequency measurements occur at 2 times per second, resulting in a ratio of 600:1.

[0083] The accuracy of soil analysis measurements is calculated by comparing the measured values ​​with comparable soil laboratory values. For example, in the case of soil phosphate measurements, the accuracy is calculated using the following equation:

[0084] |Laboratory phosphate - Phosphate measured in soil analysis| / Laboratory phosphate.

[0085] In one example, (|20ppm-25ppm| / 20ppm)*100%=25%, where the given laboratory phosphate is 20ppm, the soil analysis measured phosphate is 25ppm, and the laboratory phosphate is 20ppm.

[0086] The third subsystem can combine measurements received from other subsystems. The third subsystem has multiple methods for combining measurements from the first and second subsystems.

[0087] In one example, it is assumed that the high-frequency data from the second subsystem is the "primary" data to be run because it has the advantage of higher resolution than the data from the first system.

[0088] Figure 9 A flowchart illustrating one embodiment of a method 900 for combining soil or plant measurements received from first and second subsystems of a soil and plant analysis device is shown. Method 900 is implemented by hardware (circuit, dedicated logic, etc.), software (e.g., said software running on a general-purpose computer system or a dedicated machine or device), or a combination of both. In one embodiment, method 900 is implemented by a third subsystem of the soil and plant analysis device (e.g., device 400, 600, 700, 800) (e.g., processing system 132, processing system 1262, processing system 1220, monitor 50 of a cloud-based processing entity). The third subsystem is capable of executing instructions of a software application or program having processing logic.

[0089] In any embodiment herein, at operation 902, a third subsystem of the soil and plant analysis system receives data (e.g., soil and plant measurements, soil and plant datasets) from the first and second subsystems. At operation 904, the third subsystem plots the dataset from the second subsystem on a spatial grid consisting of n cells (e.g., grid 1000). At operation 906, the third subsystem plots the dataset from the first subsystem on the same spatial grid consisting of n cells.

[0090] At operation 908, the third subsystem selects m closest cells around each data point in the dataset from the second subsystem (e.g., m = 9, where m equals any integer value). At operation 910, the third subsystem determines the median measurement of the m cells in the dataset from the second subsystem.

[0091] At operation 912, the third subsystem performs a first linear regression of these median measurements of the second subsystem's dataset relative to the data points of the first subsystem. The first linear regression generates new data points for the second subsystem's dataset.

[0092] At operation 914, the third subsystem performs a second linear regression from the original second subsystem dataset to the regression line associated with the new / modified data points (e.g., soil or plant measurement data) for the second subsystem, based on the first linear regression.

[0093] At operation 916, the third subsystem applies the slope / offset from the second linear regression to all cells in the second subsystem dataset for one or more final correction values.

[0094] Figure 10A A plot of datasets from a first subsystem and a second subsystem according to one embodiment is shown. The high-frequency dataset 1002 from the second subsystem is plotted on grid 1000. The low-frequency dataset 1012 from the second subsystem is plotted on the same grid 1000.

[0095] Figure 10B The datasets from the first and second subsystems are shown superimposed on the same grid of 1000. The third subsystem selects m closest cells around each data point in the second subsystem's dataset (e.g., m = 9, where m equals any integer value). The third subsystem determines the median measurement (e.g., 4, 4, 6) of the m cells in the second subsystem's dataset. The third subsystem performs a first linear regression on these median measurements from the second subsystem's dataset relative to the data points in the first subsystem (e.g., 3, 4, 8) (e.g., y = 0.4286x + 2.5238, y = second subsystem, x = first subsystem).

[0096] The third subsystem performs a second linear regression from the original second subsystem dataset to the regression line of the first linear regression (e.g., y = 0.9644x + 0.1665, y = new values ​​of the second subsystem (3.8096, 4.2382, 5.9526), ​​x = original values ​​of the second subsystem (4, 4, 6)). The third subsystem applies the slope / offset from the second linear regression to all cells in the second subsystem dataset for the final corrected values ​​(new values).

[0097] Figure 11An example of a soil and plant analysis system 1200 (device 1200) is shown, which includes implements 1240 (e.g., planters, seeders, row seeders, fertilizer spreaders, sprayers, plows, harrows, disc harrows, tillers, center-pivot sprinklers, tillage equipment) and machines 1202 (e.g., translational self-propelled or tractor-trailers, vehicles, all-terrain vehicles, multi-purpose vehicles, pickup trucks, combine harvesters, tractors) according to one embodiment. Machine 1202 includes a processing system 1220, a memory 1205, a machine network 1210 (e.g., a Controller Area Network (CAN) serial bus protocol network, an ISOBUS network, etc.) and a network interface 1215 for communicating with other systems or devices including implements 1240. Machine network 1210 includes sensors 1212 (e.g., speed sensors, light wavelength reflection / absorption, electromagnetic wavelength reflection / absorption, temperature, current flow, conductivity, X-ray fluorescence, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, near-infrared spectroscopy, mid-infrared spectroscopy, far-infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, gamma-ray emission, multispectral sensing, short-wave infrared, ion-selective electrodes, chemical field-effect transistors, microfluidics, flow injection analysis, inductively coupled plasma, ultraviolet-visible or near-infrared fluorescence, photoacoustic spectroscopy) and controllers 1211 (e.g., GPS receivers, radar units) for controlling and monitoring the operation of machines or implements. Network interface 1215 may include at least one of a GPS transceiver, a WLAN transceiver (e.g., WiFi), an infrared transceiver, a Bluetooth transceiver, Ethernet, or other interfaces for communicating with other devices and systems including implement 1240. Network interface 1215 may be integrated with machine network 1210 or, as shown in FIG12, separate from machine network 1210. I / O port 1229 (e.g., diagnostic / on-board diagnostic (OBD) port) enables communication with other data processing systems or devices (e.g., display devices, sensors, etc.).

[0098] In one example, the machine performs tractor operation, which is connected to implements for soil and plant analysis of the field. Soil and plant analysis data for each row unit of the implements can be correlated with location data at the time of application to better understand the soil and plant analysis for each row and area of ​​the field. Data related to soil and plant analysis can be displayed on at least one of display devices 1225 and 1230. The display devices can be integrated with other components (e.g., processing system 1220, memory 1205, etc.) to form a monitor 50.

[0099] Processing system 1220 may include one or more microprocessors, processors, system-on-a-chip (integrated circuits), or one or more microcontrollers. The processing system includes processing logic 1226 for executing software instructions for one or more programs and a communication unit 1228 (e.g., transmitter, transceiver) for transmitting communications and receiving communications from machines via machine network 1210 or network interface 1215, or from equipment via equipment network 1250 or network interface 1260. Communication unit 1228 may be integrated with or separate from the processing system. In one embodiment, communication unit 1228 communicates data with machine network 1210 and equipment network 1250 via a diagnostic / OBD port of I / O port 1229.

[0100] Processing logic 1226, including one or more processors or processing units, can process communications received from communication unit 1228, including agricultural data (e.g., GPS data, planting application data, soil characteristics, plant characteristics, any data sensed from sensors of implement 1240 and machine 1202, etc.). Processing logic 1226 is capable of processing high-frequency and low-frequency soil / plant measurements as described herein to determine soil and plant properties and characteristics. System 1200 includes memory 1205 for storing data and processing programs (software 1206) executed by the system. Memory 1205 can store, for example, software components (such as soil and plant analysis software for analyzing soil and planting applications to implement the operations of this disclosure) or any other software application or module, images (e.g., captured images of crops, soil, furrows, clods, row units, etc.), alarms, maps, etc. Memory 1205 can be any known form of machine-readable non-transient storage medium (such as semiconductor memory (e.g., flash memory; SRAM; DRAM, etc.)) or non-volatile memory (e.g., hard disk or solid-state drive). The system may also include an audio input / output subsystem (not shown), which may include a microphone and a speaker for, for example, receiving and sending voice commands or for user authentication or authorization (e.g., biometrics).

[0101] The processing system 1220 communicates bidirectionally with the memory 1205, machine network 1210, network interface 1215, harvester (header) 1280, display device 1230, display device 1225, and I / O port 1229 via communication links 1231-1236. The processing system 1220 can be integrated with or separated from the memory 1205.

[0102] Display devices 1225 and 1230 provide a visual user interface for users or operators. The display devices may include a display controller. In one embodiment, display device 1225 is a portable tablet or computing device with a touchscreen that displays data (e.g., soil and plant analysis data, planting application data, captured images, localized view layers, soil color data and images, high-resolution field maps of seed germination data, seed environment data, data on what was planted or harvested, or other agricultural variables or parameters, yield maps, alarms, etc.) and data generated by agricultural data analysis software applications. It also receives input from users or operators, including a decomposed view of the field area, to monitor and control field operations. Operations may include the construction of machines or implements, reporting data, controlling machines or implements (including sensors and controllers), and storing the generated data. Display device 1230 may be a display (e.g., a display provided by an original equipment manufacturer (OEM)) that displays images and data for a local view map layer, applied fluid application data, planted or harvested data, yield data, seed germination data, seed environment data, control machinery (e.g., planters, tractors, combine harvesters, sprayers, etc.), operation of said machinery, and monitoring of said machinery or implements connected to said machinery (e.g., seeders, combine harvesters, sprayers, etc.) via sensors and controllers located on said machinery or implements.

[0103] The cab control module 1270 may include additional control modules for enabling or disabling certain components or devices of the machine or implement. For example, if a user or operator cannot control the machine or implement using one or more of the display devices, the cab control module may include switches to turn components or devices of the machine or implement off or on.

[0104] The implement 1240 includes an implement network 1250, a processing system 1262, a network interface 1260, and optional input / output ports 1266 for communicating with other systems or devices, including the machine 1202. The implement network 1250 (e.g., a Controller Area Network (CAN) serial bus protocol network, an ISOBUS network, etc.) includes: a pump 1256 for pumping fluid from tanks (multiple tanks) 1290 to the implement's application units 1280, 1281, ... N; and sensors 1252 for sensing soil and plant properties and characteristics (e.g., velocity sensors, light wavelength reflection / absorption, electromagnetic wavelength reflection / absorption, temperature, current flow, conductivity, X-ray fluorescence, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, near-infrared spectroscopy, mid-infrared spectroscopy, far-infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, gamma-ray emission, multispectral sensing, short-wave infrared, ion-selective electrodes, chemical field-effect transistors, microfluidics, flow injection analysis, inductively coupled plasma, ultraviolet-visible or near-infrared fluorescence). The system includes: a light sensor; a photoacoustic spectral seed sensor for detecting seed passage; a sensor for detecting soil or furrow characteristics (including soil moisture, soil organic matter, soil temperature, soil color, seed presence, seed spacing, percentage of compacted seeds, and presence of soil residue); a downpressure sensor; an actuator valve; a humidity sensor or flow sensor for a combine harvester; a speed sensor for the machine; a seed force sensor for a planter; a fluid application sensor for a sprayer; or a vacuum, lift, downpressure sensor, or flow sensor for the implement; a sampler 1255 for collecting soil and plant samples for soil and plant analysis; a controller 1254 (e.g., a GPS receiver); and a processing system 1262 for controlling and monitoring the operation of the implement. The pump controls and monitors the fluid application applied to the crop or soil by the implement. Fluid application can be applied at any stage of crop development, including at sowing within a planting furrow, in a separate furrow adjacent to a planting furrow, or in an area near a planting area where seeds or crops are growing (e.g., between rows of corn or soybeans). In other embodiments, the applicator may be a particulate applicator or a combination of a fluid applicator and a particulate applicator.

[0105] For example, the controller may include a processor that communicates with multiple seed sensors. The processor is configured to process data (e.g., fluid application data, seed sensor data, soil data, plant data, furrow or ditch data) and transmit the processed data to processing systems 1262 or 1220. The controller and sensors may be used to monitor motors and drives on the planter, including variable-speed drive systems for changing plant density. The controller and sensors may also provide swatch control to close individual rows or sections of the planter. The sensors and controller can sense changes in the motors that individually control each row of the planter. These sensors and controllers can sense the seed delivery speed in the seed tubes for each row of the planter.

[0106] Network interface 1260 can be a GPS transceiver, a WLAN transceiver (e.g., WiFi), an infrared transceiver, a Bluetooth transceiver, an Ethernet transceiver, or other interfaces for communicating with other devices and systems, including machine 1202. Network interface 1260 can be integrated with machine network 1250 or separated from machine network 1250 as shown in Figure 12.

[0107] The processing system 1262 communicates bidirectionally with the equipment network 1250, network interface 1260 and I / O port 1266 via communication links 1241-1243 respectively.

[0108] The implement communicates with the machine via a wired and possibly wireless two-way communication 1204. The implement network 1250 can communicate directly with the machine network 1210, or via network interfaces 1215 and 1260. The implement can also be physically connected to machinery used for agricultural operations (e.g., planting, harvesting, spraying, etc.). Memory 1205 can be a machine-accessible, non-transient medium storing one or more sets of instructions (e.g., software 1206) embodying any one or more of the methods or functions described herein. While system 1200 executes software 1206, software 1206 can also reside wholly or at least partially within memory 1205 and / or processing system 1220, which also constitute machine-accessible storage media. Software 1206 can also be transmitted or received over a network via network interface 1215.

Claims

1. A soil or plant analysis apparatus (400, 600, 700, 800), said soil or plant analysis apparatus comprising: A first subsystem (410, 610, 710, 810) for performing soil or plant measurements at a first measurement frequency, the first measurement frequency being expressed as a first number of measurements per unit area; A second subsystem (420, 620, 740, 840) for performing soil or plant measurements at a second measurement frequency, the second measurement frequency being expressed as a second number of measurements per unit area, characterized in that the second measurement frequency of the second subsystem (420, 620, 740, 840) is at least 1.25 times the first measurement frequency of the first subsystem (410, 610, 710, 810); and A third subsystem (132, 1262, 1220) is configured to plot measurement data from the second subsystem (420, 620, 740, 840) at the second measurement frequency on a spatial map and overlay measurement data from the first subsystem (410, 610, 710, 810) at the first frequency, for use in correcting the measurement data from the second subsystem (420, 620, 740, 840) with the measurement data from the first subsystem (410, 610, 710, 810).

2. The soil or plant analysis equipment (400, 600, 700, 800) according to claim 1, wherein: The third subsystem (132, 1262, 1220) is configured to combine measurement data from the first subsystem (410, 610, 710, 810) with measurement data from the second subsystem (420, 620, 740, 840) to form the spatial map of soil or plant characteristics to be displayed on the display device (1225, 1230, 50).

3. The soil or plant analysis equipment (400, 600, 700, 800) according to claim 1, wherein, The first subsystem (410, 610, 710, 810) and the second subsystem (420, 620, 740, 840) are in one or more states of mechanical connection, fluid communication or electrical communication with each other.

4. The soil or plant analysis equipment (400, 600, 700, 800) according to claim 1, wherein, The first and second subsystems are attached to individual all-terrain vehicles, multi-purpose vehicles, pickup trucks, combine harvesters, tractors, planters, seeders, fertilizer spreaders, sprayers, irrigation implements, tillage equipment, or side-applying poles.

5. The soil or plant analysis equipment (400, 600, 700, 800) according to claim 1, wherein, The first subsystem (410, 610, 710, 810) and the second subsystem (420, 620, 740, 840) are located in the laboratory device.

6. The soil or plant analysis equipment (400, 600, 700, 800) according to claim 1, wherein, The measurement accuracy of the first subsystem (410, 610, 710, 810) is at least 25% better than that of the second subsystem (420, 620, 740, 840), and the measurement accuracy is calculated by comparing the measured values ​​with comparable soil laboratory values.

7. The soil or plant analysis equipment (400, 600, 700, 800) according to claim 1, wherein, One or more of the first subsystem (410, 610, 710, 810) and the second subsystem (420, 620, 740, 840) include a first sensor for performing soil or plant measurements at the first measurement frequency and a second sensor for performing soil or plant measurements at the second measurement frequency.

8. The soil or plant analysis equipment (400, 600, 700, 800) according to claim 1, wherein, The first subsystem (410, 610, 710, 810) or the second subsystem (420, 620, 740, 840) uses gamma-ray emission technology to implement non-contact soil sensing, or the first subsystem (410, 610, 710, 810) or the second subsystem (420, 620, 740, 840) includes a multispectral sensor mounted to or integrated with an airborne device.

9. The soil or plant analysis equipment (400, 600, 700, 800) according to claim 6, wherein, Plant measurements include the measurement of nitrate time in plant tissues.

10. The soil or plant analysis equipment (400, 600, 700, 800) according to claim 6, wherein, Plant measurements at the first measurement frequency occurred at 25 measurements per hectare or 10 measurements per acre, while plant measurements at the second measurement frequency occurred at 10 measurements per hectare or 4 measurements per acre.

11. The soil or plant analysis equipment (400, 600, 700, 800) according to claim 4, wherein, The tillage equipment includes plows, harrows, or soil loosening machines.

12. The soil or plant analysis apparatus (400, 600, 700, 800) according to claim 11, wherein the rake comprises a disc rake.

13. A soil or plant analysis system (1200), comprising: Soil or plant analysis equipment (400, 600, 700, 800) according to claim 1. A communication unit (1228) is used to receive soil or plant measurement data from the first subsystem (410, 610, 710, 810) and the second subsystem (420, 620, 740, 840) of the soil or plant analysis equipment (400, 600, 700, 800). and A processor (1226) is connected to the communication unit (1228) and is configured to plot soil or plant measurement data from the second subsystem (420, 620, 740, 840) on a spatial grid (1000) having multiple cells and to plot soil or plant measurement data from the first subsystem (410, 610, 710, 810) on the same spatial grid (1000).

14. The soil or plant analysis system (1200) according to claim 13, wherein, The processor (1226) is also configured to select m cells around each data point of the soil or plant measurement data of the second subsystem (420, 620, 740, 840) and determine the median measurement of the m cells of the soil or plant measurement data of the second subsystem (420, 620, 740, 840).

15. The soil or plant analysis system (1200) according to claim 14, wherein, The processor (1226) is also configured to perform a first linear regression of the median measurement from the second subsystem (420, 620, 740, 840) relative to soil or plant measurement data from the first subsystem (410, 610, 710, 810).

16. The soil or plant analysis system (1200) according to claim 15, wherein, The processor (1226) is also configured to perform a second linear regression of the regression line from the soil or plant measurement data of the second subsystem (420, 620, 740, 840) to the first linear regression, which is associated with the modified soil or plant measurement data of the second subsystem (420, 620, 740, 840).

17. The soil or plant analysis system (1200) according to claim 16, wherein, The processor (1226) is also configured to apply the slope or offset from the second linear regression to all cells in the soil or plant measurement data of the second subsystem (420, 620, 740, 840) for the final correction value.

Images