Rock mass joint weak interlayer reinforcing device and operation method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of filling rock mass joint weak interlayer reinforcement device, including excavating cutterhead system, coarse aggregate screening conveying system, retaining system, climbing wheel support system, machine tool system, grouting system and pedestal system, the excavating cutterhead system is installed in the front end of machine tool system, coarse aggregate screening conveying system is located in the rear of excavating cutterhead system, and the residue inlet of excavating cutterhead system is communicated with the feeding port of the coarse aggregate screening conveying system;The retaining system is installed on machine tool system, and the climbing wheel support system is installed on machine tool system behind retaining system;Grouting system is installed in the rear end of machine tool system, and pedestal system is installed on the plane outside rock mass.And provide a kind of filling rock mass joint weak interlayer reinforcement operation method.The application not only can effectively solve the problem that filling rock mass joint weak interlayer is difficult to remove and difficult to adhere to the fluctuation rock mass joint reinforcement when reinforcing, but also is simple and easy to operate, convenient to operate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering technology and relates to a device and operation method for reinforcing weak interlayers in rock mass joints, which is applicable to the reinforcement of weak interlayers in rock mass joints. Background Technology

[0002] In engineering, ensuring rock mass stability is paramount, particularly the stability of infill joints. Infill joints, especially those containing weak interlayers, are most susceptible to shear failure. The presence of weak interlayers in infill joints frequently leads to accidents and severe loss of life and property in actual engineering projects. Therefore, reinforcing the weak interlayers within infill joints to enhance the overall stability of the rock mass is crucial. Common reinforcement methods in practical engineering include grouting and anchor bolt support. Grouting is used when the rock mass is fragmented and joints are well-developed. Grout is injected into the rock voids and cements with the existing weak interlayers and rock mass. However, this method cannot adhere to the joint surface for reinforcement, resulting in poor reinforcement effectiveness. Anchor bolt support is used for fractured slopes or slope strata with weak strata. A certain number of anchor bolts are driven into the rock mass for reinforcement. This reinforcement method directly damages the original rock structure, potentially leading to the formation of new fissures or fissure expansion.

[0003] In summary, existing reinforcement methods cannot screen out coarse aggregates in the original weak interlayers and use them to reinforce the joints, cannot conform to the undulating joint surface for grouting reinforcement, and cannot fully mix the reinforcing agent and aggregates in the grouting reinforcement process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing reinforcement methods, which are unable to remove existing weak interlayers in the rock mass joints, cannot grout to reinforce the joints of undulating rock masses, and cannot screen and recycle the coarse aggregate in the existing weak interlayers for reinforcement, this invention provides a device and operating method for reinforcing weak interlayers in rock mass joints. This device effectively overcomes the deficiencies of conventional reinforcement methods for weak interlayers in rock mass joints. It not only effectively solves the problems of difficulty in removing weak interlayers in the rock mass joints and difficulty in reinforcing them to the joints of undulating rock masses, but is also simple, easy to implement, and convenient to operate.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0006] A device for reinforcing weak interlayers in jointed rock masses includes a cutterhead system, a coarse aggregate screening and conveying system, a retaining system, a climbing wheel support system, a machine tool system, a grouting system, and a base system. The cutterhead system is installed at the front end of the machine tool system, and the coarse aggregate screening and conveying system is located behind the cutterhead system, with the cutterhead system's inlet connected to the coarse aggregate screening and conveying system's feed inlet. The retaining system is installed on the machine tool system to block unscreened soil during forward movement. The climbing wheel support system is located behind the retaining system and installed on the machine tool system. The grouting system is installed at the rear end of the machine tool system for preparing, conveying, and injecting grout. The base system is installed on a plane outside the rock mass to continuously advance the conveying pipeline and provide forward power for the device.

[0007] Furthermore, the tunneling cutterhead system includes a central drill bit, an auxiliary drill bit, a side cutting drill bit, a V-shaped cutting edge, an outer cutterhead base, a cutterhead rotating shaft, a secondary crushing rod, secondary crushing cutters, a slag inlet, and an outer ring of the crushing chamber. The secondary crushing cutters and the secondary crushing rod are assembled and installed on the cutterhead rotating shaft. The side cutting drill bit is assembled and installed on the outer end of the secondary crushing rod. The central drill bit and the auxiliary drill bit are assembled with the outer cutterhead base and fixed to the cutterhead rotating shaft through the outer ring of the crushing chamber. The soil is crushed by the secondary crushing rod and the secondary crushing cutters in the secondary crushing chamber and enters the slag inlet.

[0008] Furthermore, the coarse aggregate screening and conveying system includes an outer wall screening screen, a spiral blade screening screen, a screw drive, a conveyor belt, a conveyor belt rotating shaft, and a coarse aggregate outlet, used for screening and conveying coarse aggregate; the conveyor belt and the conveyor belt rotating shaft are assembled and installed in the reserved aggregate conveying system channel, then the spiral blade screening screen and the screw drive are assembled and installed in the reserved aggregate conveying system channel, and finally the outer wall screening screen is installed in the gap on the outer wall from the slag inlet to the reserved aggregate conveying system channel.

[0009] Preferably, the retaining system consists of a retaining plate and a retaining plate spring, and the two are assembled to form a retaining plate located in the middle section of the reinforcement device.

[0010] Furthermore, the climbing wheel support system includes a climbing wheel, a climbing wheel axle, a climbing wheel support arm, and a climbing wheel support spring, which are used for the movement and support of the device in the filling joint. The climbing wheel support spring is installed in the reserved support system tube, and then the climbing wheel axle and the climbing wheel support arm are assembled and installed on the climbing wheel support spring. Finally, the climbing wheel is installed on the climbing wheel axle.

[0011] The machine tool system includes a cutter head insertion port, a reserved aggregate conveying system channel, a reserved soil retaining system pipe, a reserved support system pipe, a rotary grouting device interface, and a machine tool frame. The cutter head insertion port is located at the front end of the machine tool frame, with a slag inlet below it. The reserved aggregate conveying system channel is located behind the slag inlet. The reserved soil retaining system pipe is in front of the reserved support system pipe, and the two are located on the upper and lower sides of the machine tool frame. The rotary grouting device interface is located at the rear end of the machine tool frame.

[0012] The grouting system includes a rotary grouter, a mixing fan ring, mixing fan blades, a rotary injection nozzle, a grouting transmission assembly pipe, a connecting nozzle, a grouting transmission hose, a pressurization unit, a cement slurry preparation unit, a sealing rear plate, cement slurry, a secondary pressure grouting nozzle, and a reinforced sealing rear plate. The mixing fan ring is assembled with the rotary grouter and installed at the rotary grouter interface. Then, four mixing fan blades are installed on the mixing fan ring. The pressurization unit and cement slurry preparation unit are located behind the base system. Cement slurry is prepared and pressurized. The cement slurry is transported through pipelines that are sequentially connected to the transmission assembly pipe, the connecting nozzle, and the grouting transmission hose. The rotary injection nozzle is located on the side of the rotary grouter, and the secondary pressure grouting nozzle is located at the tail of the rotary grouter. The first grouting is sprayed from the rotary injection nozzle and mixed by the mixing fan blades. The second grouting is sprayed from the secondary pressure grouting nozzle. After completion, the system is covered with a reinforced sealing rear plate.

[0013] The base system includes a base chassis, a base guide rail, and a transmission pipe propulsion vehicle. The base chassis is installed on the ground, the base guide rail is installed on the base chassis, and the transmission pipe propulsion vehicle moves on the base guide rail to fix and advance the grouting transmission assembly pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the mesh size of the outer wall screening screen and the spiral blade screening screen can be changed according to the size of the aggregate paper towel to be screened, so as to better serve engineering practice;

[0015] Preferably, the climbing wheels in the climbing wheel support system are of a hook shape, which allows for better movement and climbing between rock fissures. The climbing wheel support springs in the climbing wheel support system are selected with greater rigidity to provide greater support force for the device.

[0016] Preferably, the stirring fan blades of the grouting system have a certain degree of elasticity, bending when in contact with rock and maintaining their original shape well when in contact with weak interlayers.

[0017] A method for reinforcing weak interlayers in jointed rock mass includes the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Conduct a site survey to determine the specific location of the weak interlayer filling area that affects rock stability;

[0019] Step 2: Conduct measurement and exploration of specific jointed areas to obtain the corresponding physical and geometric parameters of the weak interlayers;

[0020] Step 3: Install the rock mass joint and weak interlayer reinforcement device on the leveled ground. The rock mass joint and weak interlayer reinforcement device includes a tunneling cutterhead system, a coarse aggregate screening and conveying system, a retaining system, a climbing wheel support system, a machine tool system, a grouting system, and a base system. The tunneling cutterhead system is installed at the front end of the machine tool system, and the coarse aggregate screening and conveying system is located behind the tunneling cutterhead system. The slag inlet of the tunneling cutterhead system is connected to the feed inlet of the coarse aggregate screening and conveying system. The retaining system is installed on the machine tool system to block unscreened soil during forward movement. The climbing wheel support system is located behind the retaining system and installed on the machine tool system. The grouting system is installed at the rear end of the machine tool system for making, conveying, and spraying grout. The base system is installed on a plane outside the rock mass to continuously advance the conveying pipeline and provide forward power for the device.

[0021] Step 4: Prepare cement grout. Select cement grout of appropriate strength according to project requirements and pressurize it in the pressurization unit to prepare for grouting.

[0022] Step 5: Before starting reinforcement, perform pre-spraying, spraying out some clean water, and switch to cement slurry after confirming that the pipeline is connected.

[0023] Step 6: After removing the surface portion of the weak interlayer of the rock mass filling joint, embed the device into the weak interlayer, install the closed back plate, and advance the device forward through the base system. The first grouting is rotary pressurized grouting, and the cement grout is mixed with the surrounding soil layer after being stirred by the blades.

[0024] Step 7: During the device's advance, the grouting transmission assembly pipe is continuously increased. After the device completes the first reinforcement and bursts out from the other end of the filling joint, the rotary grouter is quickly separated from the machine tool frame. The transmission pipe pusher moves to the right to make the rotary grouter re-submerge into the rock mass, and then a reinforcement sealing plate is installed at the outer end of the rock mass.

[0025] Step 8: After the initial setting of the first grouting, a second pressure grouting is performed to replenish the volume of shrinkage after the initial setting of the cement grout, to form a stronger bond with the rock interface and to further enhance the internal strength of the grout colloid.

[0026] Step 9: After the secondary grouting is completed, wait for the jointed reinforced rock mass to solidify completely to complete the reinforcement.

[0027] Step 10: Complete the rock joint reinforcement project and dismantle the device.

[0028] Preferably, the two grouting processes should be carried out through different nozzles. The first grouting is a rotary grouting process with multiple nozzles on the side, which can better bond the surrounding soil. The second grouting is a pressurized grouting process with the nozzle at the tail end, which can better complete the filling of the gaps left after the grouting transmission group exits and the initial setting of the cement.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this invention are mainly reflected in: (1) screening the coarse aggregate in the original weak interlayer and using it to fill the joint reinforcement, reducing material waste and improving economic efficiency; (2) being able to conform to the joint surface of undulating rock mass for grouting reinforcement, further improving the interface shear strength; (3) making the reinforcing agent and aggregate medium in grouting reinforcement fully mixed, improving the internal strength of the cementitious body; (4) requiring less grouting pressure during grouting reinforcement, and the grouting material is easy to control, avoiding the splitting and damage of the surrounding rock mass due to excessive grouting pressure; (5) secondary grouting during construction operation can supplement the voids left by the initial mixing grouting and grout shrinkage, improving the reinforcement effect. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a front view of a device for reinforcing weak interlayers in rock mass joints.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a top view of a device for reinforcing weak interlayers in rock mass joints.

[0032] Figure 3 These are disassembled diagrams of the tunneling cutterhead system, where (a) is a right view of the external cutterhead, (b) is a side view of the tunneling cutterhead system, and (c) is a right view of the cross-section of the crushing chamber.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the climbing wheel support system.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a machine tool system.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a coarse aggregate screening and conveying system.

[0036] Figure 7 This is the main view of the secondary pressurized grouting construction.

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the working of the agitator fan blades.

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the various systems of the reinforcement device for jointed and weak interlayers in the filling rock mass.

[0039] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Tunneling cutterhead system; 1-1. Center drill bit; 1-2. Auxiliary drill bit; 1-3. Side cutting drill bit; 1-4. V-shaped cutting edge; 1-5. Outer cutterhead base; 1-6. Cutterhead rotating shaft; 1-7. Secondary crushing rod; 1-8. Secondary crushing blade; 1-9. Slag inlet; 1-10. Outer ring of crushing chamber; 2. Coarse aggregate screening and conveying system; 2-1. Outer wall screening screen; 2-2. Spiral. 1. Leaf screening screen; 2-3. Screw drive; 2-4. Conveyor belt; 2-5. Conveyor belt rotating shaft; 2-6. Coarse aggregate outlet; 3. Retaining system, 3-1. Retaining plate; 3-2. Retaining plate spring; 4. Climbing wheel support system, 4-1. Climbing wheel; 4-2. Climbing wheel axle; 4-3. Climbing wheel support arm; 4-4. Climbing wheel support spring; 5. Machine tool system, 5-1. Cutter head insertion port; 5-2. Reserved 5-3. Aggregate conveying system duct; 5-4. Reserved retaining system pipe; 5-5. Reserved support system pipe; 5-6. Rotary grouting machine interface; 5-7. Machine tool frame; 6. Grouting system, 6-1. Rotary grouting machine; 6-2. Mixing fan collar; 6-3. Mixing fan blade; 6-4. Rotary injection nozzle; 6-5. Grouting transmission assembly pipe; 6-6. Connecting nozzle; 6-7. Grouting transmission hose; 6-8. Pressurization unit; 6- 9. Cement grout preparation unit; 6-10. Sealed back plate; 6-11. Cement grout; 6-12. Secondary pressure grouting nozzle; 6-13. Reinforced sealed back plate; 7. Base system; 7-1. Base chassis; 7-2. Base guide rail; 7-3. Transfer pipe propulsion vehicle; 8. Weak interlayer; 9. Upper joint of rock mass; 10. Lower joint of rock mass; 11. Aggregate; 12. Cemented body after primary grouting; 13. Cemented body after secondary grouting. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] Reference Figures 1-9 A device for reinforcing weak interlayers in jointed rock masses includes a cutterhead system 1, a coarse aggregate screening and conveying system 2, a retaining system 3, a climbing wheel support system 4, a machine tool system 5, a grouting system 6, and a base system 7. The cutterhead system 1 is installed at the front end of the machine tool system 5 to cut the soil. The coarse aggregate screening and conveying system 2 is located behind the cutterhead system 1, and its inlet 1-9 is connected to the feed inlet of the coarse aggregate screening and conveying system 2. It is used to screen the coarse aggregate in the soil and convey it to the rear end of the device. The retaining system 3 is installed on the machine tool system 5 to block unscreened soil during the forward movement. The climbing wheel support system 4 is located behind the retaining system 3 and installed on the machine tool system 5, allowing the device to move forward relatively stably on undulating joint surfaces. The grouting system 6 is installed at the rear end of the machine tool system and is used to produce, convey, and spray grout. The base system 7 is installed on a plane outside the rock mass and is used to continuously advance the conveying pipeline and provide forward power for the device.

[0042] Furthermore, the tunneling cutterhead system 1 includes a central drill bit 1-1, an auxiliary drill bit 1-2, a side cutting drill bit 1-3, a V-shaped cutting edge 1-4, an outer cutterhead base 1-5, a cutterhead rotating shaft 1-6, a secondary crushing rod 1-7, a secondary crushing cutter 1-8, a slag inlet 1-9, and a crushing chamber outer ring 1-10. The secondary crushing cutter 1-8 and the secondary crushing rod 1-9 are assembled and installed on the cutterhead rotating shaft 1-6. The side cutting drill bit 1-3 is assembled and installed on the outer end of the secondary crushing rod 1-9. The central drill bit 1-1 and the auxiliary drill bit 1-2 are assembled with the outer cutterhead base 1-5 and fixed to the cutterhead rotating shaft 1-6 through the crushing chamber outer ring 1-10. The soil is crushed by the secondary crushing rod 1-9 and the secondary crushing cutter 1-8 in the secondary crushing chamber 1-10 and enters the slag inlet 1-9.

[0043] Furthermore, the coarse aggregate screening and conveying system 2 includes an outer wall screening screen 2-1, a spiral blade screening screen 2-2, a screw drive 2-3, a conveyor belt 2-4, a conveyor belt rotating shaft 2-5, and a coarse aggregate outlet 2-6. The conveyor belt 2-4 and the conveyor belt rotating shaft 2-5 are assembled and installed in the reserved aggregate conveying system channel 5-2. Then, the spiral blade screening screen and the screw drive 2-3 are assembled and installed in the reserved aggregate conveying system channel 5-2. Finally, the outer wall screening screen 2-1 is installed at the gap on the outer wall from the slag inlet 1-9 to the reserved aggregate conveying system channel 5-2.

[0044] Preferably, the retaining system 3 consists of a retaining plate 3-1 and a retaining plate spring 3-2, and the two are assembled to form a retaining plate located in the middle section of the device.

[0045] Furthermore, the climbing wheel support system 4 includes a climbing wheel 4-1, a climbing wheel axle 4-2, a climbing wheel support arm 4-3, and a climbing wheel support spring 4-4. The climbing wheel support spring 4-4 ​​is installed inside the reserved support system tube 5-4. The climbing wheel axle 4-3 and the climbing wheel support arm 4-3 are then assembled and installed on the climbing wheel support spring 4-4. Finally, the climbing wheel 4-1 is installed on the climbing wheel axle 4-2.

[0046] The machine tool system includes a cutter head insertion port 5-1, a reserved aggregate conveying system channel 5-2, a reserved soil retaining system pipe 5-3, a reserved support system pipe 5-4, a rotary grouting device interface 5-5, and a machine tool frame 5-6. The cutter head insertion port 5-1 is located at the front end of the machine tool frame 5-6, with the slag inlet 1-9 below it. The reserved aggregate conveying system channel 5-2 is located behind the slag inlet 1-9. The reserved soil retaining system pipe 5-3 is in front of the reserved support system pipe 5-4. Both are located on the upper and lower sides of the machine tool frame 5-5. The rotary grouting device interface 5-5 is located at the rear end of the machine tool frame 5-6.

[0047] The grouting system 6 includes a rotary grouter 6-1, a mixing fan collar 6-2, mixing fan blades 6-3, a rotary injection nozzle 6-4, a grouting transmission assembly pipe 6-5, a connecting nozzle 6-6, a grouting transmission hose 6-7, a pressurization unit 6-8, a cement slurry preparation unit 6-9, a sealing rear plate 6-10, cement slurry 6-11, a secondary pressure grouting nozzle 6-12, and a reinforced sealing rear plate 6-13. The pressurization unit and cement slurry preparation unit are assembled with the rotary grouter 6-1 and installed at the rotary grouter interface 5-5. Then, the four mixing fan blades 6-3 are installed on the mixing... On the fan ring 6-2, the pressurization unit 6-8 and the cement grout preparation unit 6-9 are located behind the base system 7. They produce and pressurize the cement grout. The cement grout is transported through the pipeline that is connected in sequence to the grouting transmission hose 6-7, the connecting nozzle 6-6 and the transmission assembly pipe 6-5. The rotary injection port 6-4 is located on the side of the rotary grouter 6-1, and the secondary pressure grouting nozzle 6-12 is located at the tail of the rotary grouter 6-1. The first grouting is sprayed out from the rotary injection port 6-4 and stirred by the mixing fan blade 6-3. The second grouting is sprayed out from the secondary pressure grouting nozzle 6-12. After the grouting is completed, it is covered with the reinforced and sealed rear plate 6-13.

[0048] The base system 7 includes a base chassis 7-1, a base guide rail 7-2, and a transmission pipe pusher 7-3, located at the rear of the device. The base chassis 7-1 is installed on the ground, the base guide rail 7-2 is installed on the base chassis 7-1, and the transmission pipe pusher 7-3 moves on the base guide rail 7-2 to fix and push the grouting transmission assembly pipe 6-5.

[0049] Preferably, the mesh size of the outer wall screening screen and the spiral blade screening screen can be changed according to the size of the aggregate paper towel to be screened, so as to better serve engineering practice;

[0050] Preferably, the climbing wheels in the climbing wheel support system are of a hook shape, which allows for better movement and climbing between rock fissures. The climbing wheel support springs in the climbing wheel support system are selected with greater rigidity to provide greater support force for the device.

[0051] Preferably, the stirring fan blades of the grouting system have a certain degree of elasticity, bending when in contact with rock and maintaining their original shape well when in contact with weak interlayers.

[0052] A method for reinforcing weak interlayers in jointed rock mass includes the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: Conduct a site survey to determine the specific location of the weak interlayer filling area that affects rock stability;

[0054] Step 2: Conduct measurement and exploration of specific jointed areas to obtain the corresponding physical and geometric parameters of the weak interlayers;

[0055] Step 3: Install the rock mass joint and weak interlayer reinforcement device on the leveled ground. The rock mass joint and weak interlayer reinforcement device includes a tunneling cutterhead system 1, a coarse aggregate screening and conveying system 2, a retaining system 3, a climbing wheel support system 4, a machine tool system 5, a grouting system 6, and a base system 7. The tunneling cutterhead system 1 is installed at the front end of the machine tool system 5 to cut the soil. The coarse aggregate screening and conveying system 2 is located behind the tunneling cutterhead system 1. The slag inlets 1-9 of the tunneling cutterhead system 1 are connected to the coarse aggregate screening and conveying system 7. The feed inlet of System 2 is connected to screen the coarse aggregate in the soil and transport it to the rear end of the device; the retaining system 3 is installed on the machine tool system 5 to block unscreened soil during forward movement; the climbing wheel support system 4 is located behind the retaining system 3 and is installed on the machine tool system 5, allowing the device to move forward relatively stably on the undulating joint surface; the grouting system 6 is installed at the rear end of the machine tool system for making, transporting and spraying grout; the base system 7 is installed on the plane outside the rock body to continuously advance the transmission pipeline and provide forward power for the device;

[0056] Step 4: Prepare cement grout. Select cement grout of appropriate strength according to project requirements and pressurize it in the pressurization unit to prepare for grouting.

[0057] Step 5: Before starting reinforcement, perform pre-spraying, spraying out some clean water, and switch to cement slurry after confirming that the pipeline is connected.

[0058] Step 6: After removing the surface portion of the weak interlayer of the rock mass filling joint, embed the device into the weak interlayer, install the closed back plate, and advance the device forward through the base system. The first grouting is rotary pressurized grouting, and the cement grout is mixed with the surrounding soil layer after being stirred by the blades.

[0059] Step 7: During the device's advance, the grouting transmission assembly pipe is continuously increased. After the device completes the first reinforcement and bursts out from the other end of the filling joint, the rotary grouter is quickly separated from the machine tool frame. The transmission pipe pusher moves to the right to make the rotary grouter re-submerge into the rock mass, and then a reinforcement sealing plate is installed at the outer end of the rock mass.

[0060] Step 8: After the initial setting of the first grouting, a second pressure grouting is performed to replenish the volume of shrinkage after the initial setting of the cement grout, to form a stronger bond with the rock interface and to further enhance the internal strength of the grout colloid.

[0061] Step 9: After the secondary grouting is completed, wait for the jointed reinforced rock mass to solidify completely to complete the reinforcement.

[0062] Step 10: Complete the rock joint reinforcement project and dismantle the device.

[0063] Preferably, the two grouting processes should be carried out through different nozzles. The first grouting is a rotary grouting process with multiple nozzles on the side, which can better bond the surrounding soil. The second grouting is a pressurized grouting process with the nozzle at the tail end, which can better complete the filling of the gaps left after the grouting transmission group exits and the initial setting of the cement.

[0064] In a rock engineering project, a filled joint was encountered, in which the rock joint surface was undulating. The weak interlayer contained coarse aggregate particles with poor physical properties. In order to reduce the adverse effects of the weak interlayer on the stability of the rock mass and effectively reinforce the rock mass, the device and method of this invention were used to remove the original weak interlayer and grout it to the undulating joint surface for reinforcement.

[0065] In this embodiment, the area to be reinforced is a continuous infill joint, with well-developed and mostly broken rock fissures around it. The infill joint has an orientation of 28°∠22 and a length of 70m. The surface morphology of the joint surface is undulating. The thickness of the weak interlayer is 7cm to 12cm. The weak interlayer is a completely weathered argillaceous limestone, mixed with 0.35mm to 0.5mm of medium sand, 0.5mm to 4mm of coarse sand, and 5mm to 10mm of gravel.

[0066] The implementation process of this embodiment is as follows:

[0067] (1) Conduct a site survey to determine the specific location of the weak interlayer filling area that affects the stability of the rock.

[0068] (2) Measure the specific infilled joint area to obtain the corresponding physical and geometric parameters of the weak interlayer. In this embodiment, the area to be reinforced is a continuous infilled joint, with well-developed rock fissures and many fractures around it. The infilled joint has the same orientation as the rock strata, is 170m long, has undulating surfaces, and is 7cm to 12cm thick. The main component is completely weathered argillaceous limestone mixed with 0.35mm to 0.5mm medium sand, 0.5mm to 4mm coarse sand, and 5mm to 10mm gravel. (3) Place machine tool frame 5-6 on the leveled ground and install coarse aggregate screening and conveying system 2. In this embodiment, the conveyor belt 2-4 and the conveyor belt rotating shaft 2-5 are assembled and installed in the reserved aggregate conveying system channel 5-2. Then, the spiral blade screening screen and the spiral drive 2-2 are assembled and installed in the reserved aggregate conveying system channel 5-2. Finally, the outer wall screening screen 2-1 is installed in the gap on the outer wall from the slag inlet 1-9 to the reserved aggregate conveying system channel 5-2.

[0069] (4) Install the crushing chamber in the tunneling cutterhead system 1. In this embodiment, the secondary crushing cutter 1-8 and the secondary crushing rod 1-7 are assembled first. Then, one end of the secondary crushing rod 1-7 is fixed on the cutterhead rotating shaft 1-6, and the other end is fixed on the inner wall of the outer ring 1-10 of the crushing chamber. The side cutting drill bit 1-3 is installed on the outer wall of the outer ring 1-10 of the crushing chamber. Finally, the cutterhead rotating shaft 1-6 and the components assembled on it are installed as a whole in the cutterhead insertion port 5-1 in the machine tool system 5.

[0070] (5) Install the outer cutterhead of the tunneling cutterhead system 1. In this embodiment, the outer cutterhead base 1-5 is installed on the cutterhead rotating shaft 1-6, and the center drill bit 1-1 is installed in the center of the outer cutterhead base 1-5, and the auxiliary drill bit 1-2 is installed in the reserved positions in the six directions of the outer cutterhead base 1-5.

[0071] (6) Install the retaining system 3. In this embodiment, the retaining plate spring 3-2 is installed in the reserved retaining system pipe 5-3, and then the retaining plate 3-1 is installed on the retaining plate spring 3-2 to complete the installation of the retaining system 3.

[0072] (7) Install the climbing wheel support system 4. In this embodiment, the climbing wheel support spring 4-4 ​​is installed in the reserved support system tube 5-4, the climbing wheel axle 4-3 and the climbing wheel support arm 4-3 are assembled and installed on the climbing wheel support spring 4-4, and finally the climbing wheel 4-1 is installed on the climbing wheel axle 4-2.

[0073] (8) Install the base system 7. In this embodiment, the fixed base chassis 7-1 is installed about 4m behind the area to be reinforced, the base guide rail 7-2 is then installed on the base chassis 7-1, and finally the transmission pipe pusher 7-3 is installed on the base guide rail 7-2.

[0074] (9) Install the rotary grouter 6-1, the mixing fan sleeve 6-2, and the mixing fan blades 6-3. Assemble the mixing fan sleeve 6-2 with the rotary grouter 6-1 and install it at the rotary grouter interface 5-5. Then install the four mixing fan blades 6-3 on the mixing fan sleeve 6-2.

[0075] (10) Install cement grout press 6-8, cement grout preparation machine 6-9, grouting transmission hose 6-7, and grouting transmission assembly pipe 6-5. Install cement grout press 6-8 and cement grout preparation machine 6-9 2-3m behind the base system 7. Install one end of grouting transmission hose 6-7 on cement grout press 6-8, and assemble the other end with the connecting nozzle 6-6 and install it on the transmission pipe pusher 7-3. (11) After excavating the partially exposed weak interlayer 8 soil, embed the assembled machine tool into the soil, and then take a 4m long grouting transmission assembly pipe 6-5. Connect one end to the rotary grouter 6-1 and the other end to the connecting nozzle 6-6. Turn on the tunneling cutterhead system 1 and push the transmission pipe pusher 7-3 forward along the base guide rail 7-2 to advance the grouting transmission assembly pipe 6-5 until the mixing fan blade 6-3 and the rotary grouter 6-1 are completely in the rock mass. Test spray the grout to confirm that the grouting system 6 pipeline is unobstructed, and then install the sealing back plate 6-10.

[0076] (12) After the device moves forward 20cm, the rotating spray nozzle 6-4 starts to rotate and spray plain concrete slurry. The grouting pressure gradually rises to 0.5MPa. The mixing fan blade 6-3 mixes the aggregate 11 and plain concrete slurry conveyed by the coarse aggregate screening and conveying system 2 to form the cementitious body 12 after the first grouting.

[0077] (13) When the device advances to a position of about 4m, the tunneling of the cutterhead system 1 and the grouting of the grouting system 6 are gradually stopped. After stopping, the connection between the first grouting transmission assembly pipe 6-5 and the connecting nozzle 6-6 is loosened. The transmission pipe pusher 7-3 is then moved back to the rightmost end of the base guide rail 7-2. The second grouting transmission assembly pipe 6-5 is then taken and connected to the connecting nozzle 6-6. The transmission pipe pusher 7-3 is pushed forward until the second grouting transmission assembly pipe 6-5 comes into contact with the first grouting transmission assembly pipe 6-5, thus completing the splicing of the two grouting transmission assembly pipes 6-5. Finally, the device restarts the tunneling cutterhead system 1 and the grouting system 6 and continues to advance.

[0078] (14) Repeat step 13 until the device is 20cm away from the other end of the weak interlayer 8, then stop the tunneling cutterhead system 1 and the grouting system 6 rotating and grouting, and the transmission pipe pusher 7-3 continues to push the device forward.

[0079] (15) After the entire device is exposed to the rock mass, quickly separate the rotary grouting device 6-1 from the machine tool frame 5-6. Move the transmission pipe pusher 7-3 to the right so that the rotary grouting device 6-1 is submerged in the rock mass again to a depth of 20cm. Then install the reinforcement and sealing plate 6-13 at the outer end of the rock mass.

[0080] (16) After the initial grouting for 60 minutes, start the grouting system 6. After the rotating grouter 6-1 grouts in place for 5 minutes, the transfer pipe pusher 7-3 pulls the grouting transfer hose 6-7 to start the secondary grouting from left to right. The grouting outlet is the secondary pressure grouting nozzle 6-12, and the grouting pressure is 1 MPa. (17) When the device moves to the right for about 4 meters during the secondary grouting, after one of the grouting transfer hoses 6-7 is completely exposed in the rock mass, stop the grouting, disconnect the connection between this grouting transfer assembly pipe 6-5 and the next grouting transfer assembly pipe 6-5, disconnect the connection between this grouting transfer assembly pipe 6-5 and the connecting nozzle 6-6, connect the transfer pipe pusher 7-3 to the grouting transfer assembly pipe 6-5 that is still in the rock mass, and the device starts grouting and continues to pull to the right.

[0081] (18) Repeat step 17 until the device is 10cm away from the sealing plate 6-10, then stop grouting, remove the sealing plate 6-10 and quickly remove the device. Finally, install the reinforcing sealing plate 6-13 on the outer end of the rock body. After the concrete solidifies, remove both ends to complete the reinforcement.

[0082] (19) Dismantle and clean the equipment parts. First, dismantle the tunneling cutterhead system 1, then dismantle the coarse aggregate screening and conveying system 2, and then dismantle the retaining system 3 and the climbing wheel support system 4 in sequence. Then, wash the machine tool and its parts.

[0083] The embodiments described in this specification are merely examples of implementations of the inventive concept and are for illustrative purposes only. The scope of protection of this invention should not be considered limited to the specific forms described in these embodiments; rather, it extends to equivalent technical means conceived by those skilled in the art based on the inventive concept.

Claims

1. A device for reinforcing weak interlayers in jointed rock masses, characterized in that, The reinforcement device includes a tunneling cutterhead system, a coarse aggregate screening and conveying system, a retaining system, a climbing wheel support system, a machine tool system, a grouting system, and a base system. The tunneling cutterhead system is installed at the front end of the machine tool system, and the coarse aggregate screening and conveying system is located behind the tunneling cutterhead system. The slag inlet of the tunneling cutterhead system is connected to the feed inlet of the coarse aggregate screening and conveying system. The retaining system is installed on the machine tool system to block unscreened soil during forward movement. The climbing wheel support system is located behind the retaining system and installed on the machine tool system. The grouting system is installed at the rear end of the machine tool system for making, conveying, and spraying grout. The base system is installed on a plane outside the rock mass to continuously advance the conveying pipeline and provide forward power for the device. The tunneling cutterhead system includes a central drill bit, an auxiliary drill bit, a side cutting drill bit, a V-shaped cutting edge, an outer cutterhead base, a cutterhead rotating shaft, a secondary crushing rod, secondary crushing cutters, a slag inlet, and an outer ring of the crushing chamber. The secondary crushing cutters and secondary crushing rod are assembled and installed on the cutterhead rotating shaft. The side cutting drill bit is assembled and installed on the outer end of the secondary crushing rod. The central drill bit and auxiliary drill bit are assembled with the outer cutterhead base and fixed to the cutterhead rotating shaft through the outer ring of the crushing chamber. The soil is crushed by the secondary crushing rod and secondary crushing cutters in the secondary crushing chamber and enters the slag inlet. The coarse aggregate screening and conveying system includes an outer wall screening screen, a spiral blade screening screen, a screw drive, a conveyor belt, a conveyor belt rotating shaft, and a coarse aggregate conveying outlet. The conveyor belt and the conveyor belt rotating shaft are assembled and installed in the reserved aggregate conveying system channel. Then, the spiral blade screening screen and the screw drive are assembled and installed in the reserved aggregate conveying system channel. Finally, the outer wall screening screen is installed in the gap on the outer wall from the slag inlet to the reserved aggregate conveying system channel. The retaining system consists of retaining plates and retaining plate springs, which are assembled together to form a retaining system located in the middle section of the device. The climbing wheel support system includes a climbing wheel, a climbing wheel axle, a climbing wheel support arm, and a climbing wheel support spring. The climbing wheel support spring is installed inside a pre-reserved support system tube. The climbing wheel axle and the climbing wheel support arm are then assembled and installed on the climbing wheel support spring. Finally, the climbing wheel is installed on the climbing wheel axle.

2. The device for reinforcing weak interlayers in jointed rock mass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The machine tool system includes a cutter head insertion port, a reserved aggregate conveying system channel, a reserved soil retaining system pipe, a reserved support system pipe, a rotary grouting device interface, and a machine tool frame. The cutter head insertion port is located at the front end of the machine tool frame, with a slag inlet below it. The reserved aggregate conveying system channel is located behind the slag inlet. The reserved soil retaining system pipe is in front of the reserved support system pipe, and the two are located on the upper and lower sides of the machine tool frame. The rotary grouting device interface is located at the rear end of the machine tool frame.

3. The device for reinforcing weak interlayers in jointed rock mass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The grouting system includes a rotary grouter, a mixing fan ring, mixing fan blades, a rotary injection nozzle, a grouting transmission assembly pipe, a connecting nozzle, a grouting transmission hose, a pressurization unit, a cement slurry preparation unit, a sealing rear plate, cement slurry, a secondary pressure grouting nozzle, and a reinforced sealing rear plate. The mixing fan ring is assembled with the rotary grouter and installed at the rotary grouter interface. Then, four mixing fan blades are installed on the mixing fan ring. The pressurization unit and cement slurry preparation unit are located behind the base system. Cement slurry is prepared and pressurized. The cement slurry is transported through pipelines that are sequentially connected to the transmission assembly pipe, the connecting nozzle, and the grouting transmission hose. The rotary injection nozzle is located on the side of the rotary grouter, and the secondary pressure grouting nozzle is located at the tail of the rotary grouter. The first grouting is sprayed from the rotary injection nozzle and mixed by the mixing fan blades. The second grouting is sprayed from the secondary pressure grouting nozzle. After completion, the system is covered with a reinforced sealing rear plate.

4. The device for reinforcing weak interlayers in jointed rock mass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The base system includes a base chassis, a base guide rail, and a transmission pipe propulsion vehicle. The base chassis is installed on the ground, the base guide rail is installed on the base chassis, and the transmission pipe propulsion vehicle moves on the base guide rail to fix and advance the grouting transmission assembly pipe.

5. An operation method for the reinforcement device for filling weak interlayers in rock mass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The operation method includes the following steps: Step 1: Conduct a site survey to determine the specific location of the weak interlayer filling area that affects rock stability; Step 2: Conduct measurement and exploration of specific jointed areas to obtain the corresponding physical and geometric parameters of the weak interlayers; Step 3: Install the rock mass joint and weak interlayer reinforcement device on the leveled ground. The rock mass joint and weak interlayer reinforcement device includes a tunneling cutterhead system, a coarse aggregate screening and conveying system, a retaining system, a climbing wheel support system, a machine tool system, a grouting system, and a base system. The tunneling cutterhead system is installed at the front end of the machine tool system, and the coarse aggregate screening and conveying system is located behind the tunneling cutterhead system. The slag inlet of the tunneling cutterhead system is connected to the feed inlet of the coarse aggregate screening and conveying system. The retaining system is installed on the machine tool system to block unscreened soil during forward movement. The climbing wheel support system is located behind the retaining system and installed on the machine tool system. The grouting system is installed at the rear end of the machine tool system for making, conveying, and spraying grout. The base system is installed on a plane outside the rock mass to continuously advance the conveying pipeline and provide forward power for the device. Step 4: Prepare cement grout. Select cement grout of appropriate strength according to project requirements and pressurize it in the pressurization unit to prepare for grouting. Step 5: Before starting reinforcement, perform pre-spraying, spraying out some clean water, and switch to cement slurry after confirming that the pipeline is connected. Step 6: After removing the surface portion of the weak interlayer of the rock mass filling joint, embed the device into the weak interlayer, install the closed back plate, and advance the device forward through the base system. The first grouting is rotary pressurized grouting, and the cement grout is mixed with the surrounding soil layer after being stirred by the blades. Step 7: During the device's advance, the grouting transmission assembly pipe is continuously increased. After the device completes the first reinforcement and bursts out from the other end of the filling joint, the rotary grouter is quickly separated from the machine tool frame. The transmission pipe pusher moves to the right to make the rotary grouter re-submerge into the rock mass, and then a reinforcement sealing plate is installed at the outer end of the rock mass. Step 8: After the initial setting of the first grouting, a second pressure grouting is performed to replenish the volume of shrinkage after the initial setting of the cement grout, to form a stronger bond with the rock interface and to further enhance the internal strength of the grout colloid. Step 9: After the secondary grouting is completed, wait for the jointed reinforced rock mass to solidify completely to complete the reinforcement. Step 10: Complete the rock joint reinforcement project and dismantle the device.

6. The operating method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The two grouting processes should be carried out through different outlets. The first grouting is rotary pressurized grouting with multiple nozzles on the side. The second grouting is pressurized grouting with the outlet at the tail end.

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