An impact crusher

Abstract

The present invention provides an impact crusher, the purpose of which is to solve the problem of over-excavation and under-excavation of the contour line in tunnel excavation blasting by the drilling and blasting method in the prior art. An impact crusher is provided, comprising: a rotatable and movable mounting platform; a mechanical arm, one end of which is hinged to the mounting platform; a translation telescopic element, one end of which is hinged to the side wall of the mechanical arm; a sliding mechanism mounted on the end of the mechanical arm away from the mounting platform; a rotating mechanism mounted on the sliding mechanism; an impact hammer mounted on the output shaft of the rotating mechanism; and a tool assembly mounted on the impact hammer. The present invention adopts a process flow of blasting to reduce the cross-section, reserving under-excavation, and then using the present equipment to cut the reserved surrounding rock, to solve the existing problem of over-excavation and under-excavation of the tunnel contour line.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction equipment, in particular to an impact crushing machine. Background Art

[0002] In the current tunnel drilling and blasting construction method, there is a problem of over-excavation and under-excavation of the tunnel excavation and blasting contour line. In order to ensure the lining thickness, tunnel excavation is generally over-excavated, which increases the workload of subsequent work such as slag discharge, initial spraying, lining, etc., resulting in waste of raw materials and work hours. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve the problem of over-excavation and under-excavation of the outline of a tunnel during blasting excavation by the drilling and blasting method in the prior art. An impact crusher is provided, which adopts a process flow of reducing the cross section by blasting, reserving under-excavation, and then using the equipment to cut the reserved surrounding rock, so as to solve the problem of over-excavation and under-excavation of the outline of the existing tunnel.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

[0005] An impact crushing machine, comprising:

[0006] A rotatable and movable mounting platform;

[0007] a robotic arm, one end of which is hinged to the mounting platform;

[0008] a translation telescopic element, one end of which is hinged to the side wall of the robotic arm;

[0009] A sliding mechanism is installed at one end of the robotic arm away from the mounting platform;

[0010] a rotating mechanism mounted on the sliding portion of the sliding mechanism;

[0011] an impact hammer mounted on the output shaft of the rotating mechanism; and

[0012] A tool assembly is mounted on the impact hammer.

[0013] Optionally, the robotic arm includes:

[0014] A large arm, one end of which is hinged to the mounting platform;

[0015] a swing telescopic element, one end of which is hinged to the mounting platform, and an outwardly extending end of which is hinged to the middle portion of the side wall of the upper arm;

[0016] A small arm, one end of which is hinged to the other end of the large arm;

[0017] An angle adjustment element, one end of which is hinged to the upper arm and the other end of which is hinged to the lower arm;

[0018] A three-section arm, hinged to the other end of the small arm, and the sliding mechanism is installed on the three-section arm;

[0019] An adjustable telescopic element has one end hinged to the side of the small arm facing the ground, and an outwardly extending end hinged to the three-section arm.

[0020] Optionally, the tool assembly comprises:

[0021] A tool holder, fixedly connected to an end of the impact hammer away from the mechanical arm;

[0022] At least two groups of blade teeth are mounted on a side of the blade holder away from the impact hammer, and the two groups of blade teeth are arranged in parallel.

[0023] Optionally, the length of each group of teeth decreases from the middle toward both ends.

[0024] Optionally, two adjacent groups of blade teeth are staggered.

[0025] Optionally, when there are two groups of blade teeth, the length of the group of blade teeth away from the ground is shorter than the length of the group of blade teeth close to the ground.

[0026] Optionally, each of the teeth is cone-shaped.

[0027] Optionally, when the cutter tooth is in a cone shape, a conical surface is processed on the smaller end thereof.

[0028] Optionally, the sliding mechanism includes

[0029] A track assembly is hinged to the other end of the robotic arm, and the other end of the translation telescopic element is hinged to the track assembly;

[0030] A slider, slidably mounted on the top of the track assembly;

[0031] a telescopic mechanism, the fixed end of which is hinged to the track assembly and the extended end of which is connected to the slider;

[0032] Optionally, the track assembly includes:

[0033] a slide rail seat, the bottom of which is hinged to the mechanical arm;

[0034] A track is installed on the top of the slide rail seat;

[0035] A connecting member, which is L-shaped, has one end of its vertical plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide rail seat, and the top of its horizontal plate hinged to the bottom of the robotic arm;

[0036] Among them, the hinge between the slide rail seat and the robotic arm and the hinge between the connecting member and the robotic arm are coaxially arranged, one end of the translation telescopic element is hinged to the side wall of the robotic arm, and the other end of the translation telescopic element is hinged to the vertical plate side wall of the connecting member.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. The driving mechanism is composed of a horizontal telescopic element, a rotating mechanism, and an impact hammer. The impact hammer moves back and forth, driving the tool assembly to move back and forth at high frequency, generating a set amount of impact kinetic energy, and continuously impacting the tail of the tool at high speed to achieve rock crushing.

[0039] 2. A three-articulated robotic arm and a telescopic element are used as driving elements to enable the robotic arm to adjust its movements according to working conditions.

[0040] 3. The equipment stands on its own surface and uses a mechanical arm to rotate along the axis of the tunnel, making circular motion and continuous impact process.

[0041] 4. The tool assembly with multi-layer staggered phase setting is used to make the tool assembly contact the rock surface in phases, reduce the impact resistance of the tool assembly, reduce the impact crushing resistance moment, and improve the impact efficiency of the tool assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the impact crusher.

[0044] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the tool assembly of the impact crusher.

[0045] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the tool assembly of the impact crusher.

[0046] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slide rail of the impact crusher.

[0047] Figure 5 The structure diagram of the impact crusher in use Figure 1 .

[0048] Figure 6 The structure diagram of the impact crusher in use Figure 2 .

[0049] Figure 7 The structure diagram of the impact crusher in use Figure 3 .

[0050] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the construction outline marking line after blasting.

[0051] Reference numerals:

[0052] 1. Mounting platform; 2. Robotic arm; 21. Upper arm; 22. Swinging telescopic element; 23. Lower arm; 24. Angle adjustment element; 25. Three-section arm; 26. Adjustable telescopic element; 3. Transverse telescopic element; 4. Sliding mechanism; 41. Track assembly; 42. Slider; 43. Telescopic mechanism; 44. Slide rail seat; 45. Track; 46. Connector; 5. Rotating mechanism; 6. Impact hammer; 7. Tool assembly; 71. Tool holder; 72. Tool teeth. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] Hereinafter, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are to be considered as illustrative in nature and not restrictive.

[0054] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the products of the present invention are conventionally placed when in use, or are the orientations or positional relationships conventionally understood by those skilled in the art. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0055] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; they may refer to direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they may refer to internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0056] The disclosure below provides many different embodiments or examples for realizing different structures of the present invention. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the present invention may repeat reference numerals in different examples, and such repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the present invention provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0057] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0058] like Figure 1 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an impact crusher, comprising: a rotatable mounting platform 1, a robotic arm 2, a translation telescopic element 3, a sliding mechanism 4, a rotating mechanism 5, an impact hammer 6, and a tool assembly 7. One end of the robotic arm 2 is hinged to the mounting platform 1, so that the robotic arm 2 rotates along the hinge to adjust the angle. One end of the translation telescopic element 3 is hinged to the side wall of the robotic arm 2. The sliding mechanism 4 is hinged to the other end of the robotic arm 2, and the other end of the translation telescopic element 3 is hinged to the sliding mechanism 4. During use, the translation telescopic element 3 drives the sliding mechanism 4 to rotate around the hinge with the robotic arm 2. During the rotation process, the components mounted on the sliding mechanism 4 are driven to rotate around the hinge to achieve angle adjustment. The sliding mechanism 4 drives the rotating mechanism 5 to slide, and the impact hammer 6 mounted on the rotating mechanism 5 can move passively. The tool assembly 7 is mounted on the impact hammer 6, and the movement driven by the impact hammer 6 achieves the crushing of the rock.

[0059] During use, the movable and rotatable mounting platform 1 is moved to a desired location. The height and distance are adjusted using the robotic arm 2. The angle of the cutter assembly 7 is then adjusted through the coordinated operation of the telescopic element 3, the sliding mechanism 4, and the rotating mechanism 5, so that the cutter assembly 7 contacts the rock wall to be broken. Driven by the sliding mechanism 4 and the impact hammer 6, the cutter assembly 7 impacts and breaks the rock. This structure enables multi-angle adjustment, eliminating the need for frequent movement of the mounting platform 1. During use, the coordinated operation of the mounting platform 1, robotic arm 2, telescopic element 3, sliding mechanism 4, rotating mechanism 5, impact hammer 6, and cutter assembly 7 enables tunnel wall construction.

[0060] More specifically, the sliding mechanism 4 includes a track assembly 41, a slider 42, and a telescopic mechanism 43. The telescopic mechanism 43 is mounted on the rail assembly 41, and the slider 42 is mounted on the track assembly 41. One end of the slider 42 is fixedly connected to one end of the telescopic mechanism 43. The telescopic mechanism 43 is used to move the slider 42 along the track assembly 41. The rotating mechanism 5 is mounted on the slider 42, the impact hammer 6 is mounted on the rotating mechanism 5, and the cutter assembly 7 is mounted on the impact hammer 6. When the translational telescopic element 3 rotates the track assembly 41, it also rotates the components mounted on the sliding mechanism 4. During construction, the extension distance of the telescopic mechanism 43 corresponds to the feed rate of the cutter assembly 7. The impact hammer 6 provides driving force for the cutter assembly 7, driving the cutter assembly 7 to crush the rock.

[0061] It should be noted that the movable and rotatable mounting platform 1 can be an excavator platform. The excavator platform is used because it is convenient to use in an environment with uneven or bad road conditions, and it is convenient for it to run into the tunnel after blasting and further construct the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0062] The horizontal telescopic element 3 and the telescopic mechanism 43 are hydraulic cylinders, air cylinders or electric telescopic rods, etc. The rotating mechanism 5 is a motor or an electric motor.

[0063] In another embodiment, Figure 1 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in order to facilitate the adjustment of multiple heights, the robotic arm 2 includes: a boom 21, a swing telescopic element 22, a forearm 23, an angle adjustment element 24, a three-section arm 25 and an adjustment telescopic element 26. One end of the boom 21 is hinged to the mounting platform 1. One end of the swing telescopic element 22 is hinged to the mounting platform 1, and its extended end is hinged to the middle part of the side wall of the boom 21. One end of the forearm 23 is hinged to the other end of the boom 21. One end of the angle adjustment element 24 is hinged to the side wall of the boom 21 facing away from the ground, and the other end is hinged to the end of the forearm 23. The three-section arm 25 is hinged to the other end of the forearm 23, and the track assembly 41 is installed on the three-section arm 25. One end of the adjustment telescopic element 26 is hinged to the side of the forearm 23 facing the ground, and its extended end is hinged to the three-section arm 25.

[0064] During use, the upper arm 21 is driven to move by the swinging telescopic element 22, and the lower arm 23 and the three-section arm 25 hinged on the upper arm 21 are driven to move. At the same time, the angle adjustment element 24 and the adjustment telescopic element 26 respectively drive the lower arm 23 and the three-section arm 25 to move according to the use requirements, so that the tool assembly 7 contacts the rock wall to be processed, and then the sliding mechanism 4 and the impact hammer 6 drive the tool assembly 7 to perform processing.

[0065] The three-section mechanical arm 2 drives the tool assembly 7 to move so that the tool can crush rocks of different heights.

[0066] It should be noted that the swing telescopic element 22 , the angle adjustment element 24 , and the adjustable telescopic element 26 are all hydraulic cylinders, pneumatic cylinders, or electric telescopic rods.

[0067] In another embodiment, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the tool assembly 7 includes: a tool holder 71 and at least two groups of blade teeth 72, one end of the tool holder 71 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the impact hammer 6; at least two groups of blade teeth 72 are installed on the side of the tool holder 71 away from the impact hammer 6, and the two groups of blade teeth 72 are arranged in parallel.

[0068] During use, the impact hammer 6 drives the cutter teeth 72 to move, and the tunnel side wall rock is crushed by the cutter teeth 72. The two sets of cutter teeth 72 are provided to improve the crushing efficiency.

[0069] In another embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the length of each group of teeth 72 decreases from the middle toward the two ends. This is to facilitate the middle teeth 72 to be pressed into the rock first, and then to cause cracks in the rock, so that the other teeth 72 can squeeze in and break the rock.

[0070] In another embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, two adjacent groups of the cutter teeth 72 are staggered. By adopting the multi-layer staggered cutter teeth 72, the cutter teeth 72 contact the rock surface in phases, reducing the impact resistance of the tool, reducing the impact crushing resistance moment, and improving the impact efficiency of the cutter teeth 72.

[0071] In another embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, when there are two groups of teeth 72, the length of the group of teeth 72 farther from the ground is shorter than the length of the group of teeth 72 closer to the ground. The length of the group of teeth 72 closer to the ground is longer than the size of the group of teeth 72 farther from the ground, which facilitates the peeling of the rock wall in the tunnel during processing.

[0072] In another embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, each of the cutter teeth 72 is in the shape of a cone. For the convenience of the cutter teeth 72 being inserted into the rock during use.

[0073] In another embodiment, Figure 2 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in order to facilitate the penetration of the cutter teeth 72 into the rock, when the cutter teeth 72 are in a cone shape, a tapered surface is processed on the smaller end thereof.

[0074] In another embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, in order to prevent the slider 42 from derailing from the track 45 of the track assembly 41, a through hole is provided on the slider 42, and the other end of the telescopic mechanism 43 passes through the through hole and is hinged to the end of the slider 42.

[0075] It should be noted that the maximum stroke of the telescopic mechanism 43 is when the end of the piston rod is flush with the end of the track 45 of the track assembly 41 , thereby preventing the slider 42 from being separated from the track 45 of the track assembly 41 .

[0076] In another embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the track assembly 41 includes a rail seat 44, a track 45, and a connector 46. The bottom of the rail seat 44 is hinged to the robotic arm 2; the track 45 is mounted on the top of the rail seat 44; the connector 46 is L-shaped, with one end of its vertical plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the rail seat 44 and the top of its horizontal plate hinged to the bottom of the robotic arm 2. The hinges between the rail seat 44 and the robotic arm 2 and the connector 46 and the robotic arm 2 are coaxially arranged. One end of the translation telescopic element 3 is hinged to the side wall of the robotic arm 2, and the other end of the translation telescopic element 3 is hinged to the side wall of the vertical plate of the connector 46.

[0077] The bottom of the rail seat 44 is provided with a mounting hole, and the three-section arm 25 is provided with a through hole. The cross plate of the connector 46, mounted on the rail seat 44, has a stopper hole corresponding to the mounting hole. During connection, a shaft passes through the stopper hole, through hole, and mounting hole, allowing the track assembly 41 to rotate about its axis. One end of the translation telescopic element 3 is hinged to the side wall of the three-section arm 25, and the other end is hinged to the connector 46. The movement of the translation telescopic element 3 drives the sliding mechanism of the track assembly 41 to rotate about the hinged axis.

[0078] Specific construction process:

[0079] During the construction process, blasting is used to reduce the cross section of the tunnel, and then the impact crusher of the present application is used to crush the rock in the tunnel.

[0080] like Figure 5As shown, if the travel direction of the punching and crushing machine is the same as the construction direction, the overall height is adjusted by the upper arm 21 and the lower arm 23, and then the three-section arm 25 is adjusted to a horizontal position by adjusting the telescopic element 26. Then, the telescopic mechanism 43 drives the slider 42 to move along the track assembly 41 to control the feed amount of the tool assembly 7. After the telescopic mechanism 43 completes its travel, it is reset, the mounting platform 1 rotates a certain angle, and the processing position is adjusted. The horizontal telescopic element 3 drives the track assembly 41 to rotate a certain angle so that the direction of the track assembly 41 is the same as the travel direction of the mounting platform 1. At the same time, the rotating mechanism 5 drives the impact hammer 6 to rotate a certain angle so that the blade teeth 72 of the tool assembly 7 installed on the impact hammer 6 are tangent to the side wall of the rock, which facilitates the blade teeth 72 to crush the rock. Its construction outline is shown as follows Figure 8 shown.

[0081] When processing rocks in layers, Figure 6 As shown, the running direction of the mounting platform 1 is reverse, and then the height and distance are adjusted by the upper arm 21 and the lower arm 23. The three-section arm 25 is adjusted to a horizontal position by adjusting the telescopic element 26, so that the cutter teeth 72 installed on the impact hammer 6 can construct the first layer of rock steps. During the construction process, the feed amount is controlled by the telescopic mechanism 43. After the processing of one workstation is completed, the mounting platform 1 is rotated to a certain angle, and then the position of the tool assembly 7 can be adjusted by rotating the telescopic element 3 tube and the rotating mechanism 5.

[0082] When processing the curved side wall of the tunnel, after the mounting platform 1 moves to the designated processing position, the mounting platform 1 rotates 90 degrees so that the robotic arm 2 is perpendicular to the moving direction. The rotating mechanism 5, the telescopic mechanism 43 and the horizontal telescopic element 3 are in a fixed state. The swinging telescopic element 22 drives the upper arm 21 and the angle adjustment element 24 drives the lower arm 23 to move to achieve the processing of the curved surface. After processing one position is completed, the mounting platform 1 is moved to the next position and the operation can be repeated.

[0083] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or substitute equivalents for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An impact crusher, characterized in that: include: A rotatable and movable mounting platform; a robotic arm, one end of which is hinged to the mounting platform; a translation telescopic element, one end of which is hinged to the side wall of the robotic arm; A sliding mechanism is installed at one end of the robotic arm away from the mounting platform; a rotating mechanism mounted on the sliding portion of the sliding mechanism; an impact hammer mounted on the output shaft of the rotating mechanism; and a cutter assembly mounted on the impact hammer; Wherein, the tool assembly comprises: A tool holder, fixedly connected to an end of the impact hammer away from the mechanical arm; At least two groups of blade teeth are installed on the side of the blade holder away from the impact hammer, and the two groups of blade teeth are arranged in parallel; the length of each group of blade teeth decreases from the middle to the two ends; the adjacent two groups of blade teeth are staggered.

2. The impact crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The robotic arm comprises: A large arm, one end of which is hinged to the mounting platform; a swing telescopic element, one end of which is hinged to the mounting platform, and a piston rod of which is hinged to the middle portion of the side wall of the upper arm; A small arm, one end of which is hinged to the other end of the large arm; An angle adjustment element, one end of which is hinged to the upper arm and the other end of which is hinged to the lower arm; A three-section arm, hinged to the other end of the small arm, and the sliding mechanism is installed on the three-section arm; An adjustable telescopic element has one end hinged to the side of the small arm facing the ground, and an outwardly extending end hinged to the three-section arm.

3. The impact crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: When there are two groups of blade teeth, the length of the group of blade teeth far away from the ground is shorter than the length of the group of blade teeth close to the ground.

4. The impact crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the blade teeth is in a cone shape.

5. The impact crusher according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the cutter teeth are in a cone shape, a cone surface is processed on the smaller end of the cutter teeth.

6. The impact crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding mechanism includes A track assembly is hinged to the other end of the robotic arm, and the other end of the translation telescopic element is hinged to the track assembly; A slider, slidably mounted on the top of the track assembly; The telescopic mechanism has a fixed end hinged to the track assembly and an extended end connected to the slider.

7. The impact crusher according to claim 6, characterized in that: The track assembly comprises: a slide rail seat, the bottom of which is hinged to the mechanical arm; A track is installed on the top of the slide rail seat; A connecting member, which is L-shaped, has one end of its vertical plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide rail seat, and the top of its horizontal plate hinged to the bottom of the robotic arm; Among them, the hinge between the slide rail seat and the robotic arm and the hinge between the connecting member and the robotic arm are coaxially arranged, one end of the translation telescopic element is hinged to the side wall of the robotic arm, and the other end of the translation telescopic element is hinged to the vertical plate side wall of the connecting member.

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