A safety monitoring device and monitoring method for assisting tower crane jacking operation

Abstract

The present invention discloses a safety monitoring device and method for assisting tower crane jacking operations, including: tower crane balance state monitoring, video monitoring, anti-roof collapse limit and oil cylinder stroke limit. The device is designed to utilize data acquisition technology, state monitoring and alarm technology, and video monitoring technology to monitor or evaluate important construction links during the tower crane jacking operation, helping construction personnel quickly find the tower crane's balance position and improve work efficiency. At the same time, additional cameras are provided to perform video monitoring of several important positions during the jacking process. The present invention can comprehensively and effectively monitor the tower crane jacking process, realize state monitoring in safe conditions and risk control in unsafe conditions during the tower crane jacking process, and safely and effectively assist operators in performing tower crane jacking operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building construction safety, and in particular to a safety monitoring device and a monitoring method for assisting a tower crane jacking operation. Background Art

[0002] With the development of urbanization and the increasing scarcity of land resources, high-rise and super-high-rise buildings are becoming more and more common. Tower cranes (hereinafter referred to as "tower cranes"), as the most important vertical transportation machinery, are widely used in the construction of industrial and civil high-rise buildings. The use of tower cranes is of great significance to improving the construction efficiency of construction parties and effectively reducing costs. However, at the same time, tower crane safety issues also arise. Among them, the jacking and lowering (installation and disassembly) processes have become recognized as accident-prone links. In the traditional tower crane jacking process, the balance state of the tower crane, the positioning state of the climbing claws and jacking beams, the connection state of the jacking sleeve and the slewing lower support, the stroke state of the jacking cylinder, the introduction state of the standard section, etc. all require monitoring and operation by dedicated personnel. However, this traditional method is affected by the subjective judgment of the operator and lacks accurate judgment standards, which amplifies the shortcomings of human operation and increases the probability of safety accidents.

[0003] With increasing safety awareness, the installation and disassembly of tower cranes has become a top priority for safety supervision. Safe construction during tower crane jacking relies primarily on regulations, systems, and personnel training. However, the tower crane jacking process is complex and subject to significant human factors. Even traditional construction methods that emphasize enhanced training and system management cannot completely eliminate safety accidents. With the increasing scale of engineering projects in my country, the era of intelligent and digital construction is gradually approaching. Developing a device and method that can assist in the safe assembly of tower cranes during the jacking process, tailored to national conditions, is a must for tower crane safety engineering. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a safety monitoring device and a monitoring method for assisting the jacking operation of a tower crane.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a safety monitoring device for assisting tower crane jacking operation, including a tower crane balance state monitoring device, an anti-roof-fall limiting device, an oil cylinder stroke limiting device, and a video monitoring module. The tower crane balance state monitoring device includes an amplitude sensor, a weight sensor, a bidirectional linear displacement sensor, and a terminal processor. The amplitude sensor is installed at the luffing mechanism, the weight sensor is installed at the lifting wire rope guide pulley, two bidirectional linear displacement sensors are provided, one is installed on the horizontal web of the jacking sleeve along the direction of the tower crane boom, facing the main limb of the standard section, and the other is installed on the horizontal web of the jacking sleeve along the direction perpendicular to the tower crane boom, facing the main limb of the standard section. The terminal processor is used to obtain and process information obtained by the amplitude sensor, the weight sensor, and the bidirectional linear displacement sensor;

[0006] The anti-roof-fall limiting device is installed on the top of the tower body, the cylinder stroke limiting device is installed on the jacking cylinder, and the video monitoring module is used to monitor the status of the tower crane in real time.

[0007] In the above-mentioned safety monitoring device for assisting tower crane jacking operation, a buzzer is provided inside the terminal processor for issuing a warning signal when it is determined that the tower crane has reached a balanced state.

[0008] In the above-mentioned safety monitoring device for assisting tower crane jacking operation, the bidirectional linear displacement sensor is a resistive bidirectional linear displacement sensor.

[0009] The above-mentioned safety monitoring device for assisting the jacking operation of a tower crane, the anti-roof-fall limiting device includes a transmission mounting bracket, a roller, and a stroke limiter. The transmission mounting bracket includes a fixed bracket and a movable bracket. The fixed bracket is rotatably connected to one end of the movable bracket. A spring is installed in the middle position between the fixed bracket and the movable bracket. The roller is installed on the top of the movable bracket. A transmission gear is installed in the middle position of the roller. The transmission gear is engaged with the gear on the stroke limiter.

[0010] The above-mentioned safety monitoring device for assisting tower crane jacking operation, the fixed bracket is provided with an adjustable clamping device, and the transmission mounting bracket is clamped and fixed on the jacking sleeve main limb opposite to the standard section main limb by rotating the adjusting screw, and the movable bracket is close to the standard section main limb.

[0011] The above-mentioned safety monitoring device for assisting the jacking operation of a tower crane, the cylinder stroke limit device is a tape measure type stroke limiting device, including a ruler, a detachable retaining ring, a contact switch, and a detachable shell. The ruler is installed on the detachable shell, the detachable retaining ring is fixed around the ruler and can be rolled in with the ruler, the contact switch is located at the ruler outlet, and the contact switch can control the opening and closing of the control circuit of the jacking cylinder operating platform.

[0012] The above-mentioned safety monitoring device for assisting the tower crane jacking operation, the video monitoring module includes 4 camera shooting points and 2 video display installation points, the 4 camera shooting points include the shooting point of the cylinder climbing claw in position, the shooting point of the connection state of the jacking sleeve and the slewing lower support pin shaft, the winch shooting point, and the standard section introduction beam shooting point, the 2 video display installation points include the cylinder display installed on the jacking cylinder platform and the driver's cab display installed in the driver's cab.

[0013] Any of the above-mentioned monitoring methods for the safety monitoring device for assisting tower crane jacking operation comprises the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: The video monitoring device monitors the tower crane in real time, and the tower crane balance state monitoring device monitors the balance state and finds the balance position of the tower crane;

[0015] Step 2: After finding the equilibrium position, the jacking cylinder on the jacking frame is activated to push the jacking frame and the tower crane components above it upward, and the cylinder stroke is monitored and controlled by the cylinder stroke limiting device;

[0016] Step 3: When the jacking frame is lifted to a height close to a standard section, the position of the jacking frame is monitored by the anti-roof limiting device;

[0017] Step 4: After the lifting action of the lifting cylinder is completed, the standard section is introduced and installed. The video monitoring module monitors the introduction process of the standard section to complete the installation.

[0018] Step 5: After the lower end of the standard section is fixedly connected to the tower body, the lifting cylinder retracts, causing the lifting sleeve and the above tower crane components to fall back, so that the slewing support contacts the upper end of the newly installed standard section, and aligns the connecting holes of the standard section and the slewing support for connection and fixation.

[0019] In the above-mentioned monitoring method for a safety monitoring device for assisting tower crane jacking operation, the method for monitoring the balance state of the tower crane by the tower crane balance state monitoring device in step 1 is specifically as follows:

[0020] Step 1.1, establish a coordinate system: the boom direction is the X direction, and the direction perpendicular to the boom direction is the Y direction;

[0021] Step 1.2: Two bidirectional linear displacement sensors monitor the displacement in the X and Y directions respectively. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0022] X-direction displacement L x The calculation formula is:

[0023]

[0024] Wherein, H is the height of the lifting frame; E is the elastic modulus of the lifting frame material; I x M is the moment of inertia of the jacking frame section along the X direction; x is the bending moment of the tower in the X direction, m is the mass of the hoisted object during the balancing process; F w is the wind load; μ is the amplitude of the luffing trolley, and △x is the gap between the standard section and the lifting frame along the X direction;

[0025] Y-direction displacement L y The calculation formula is:

[0026]

[0027] Wherein, H is the height of the lifting frame; E is the elastic modulus of the lifting frame material; I y M is the moment of inertia of the jacking frame section along the Y direction; y F is the bending moment of the tower in the Y direction; w is the wind load; △y is the gap between the standard section and the lifting frame along the Y direction.

[0028] Step 1.3: According to the calculation formula in step 1.2, calculate the maximum and minimum values ​​of the displacement deviation in the X direction and Y direction relative to the standard node respectively. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0029] X-direction displacement L relative to the standard section px The calculation formula is:

[0030] L px =|L x max -L x min |

[0031]

[0032]

[0033] Among them, L x max is the maximum displacement deviation in the X direction relative to the standard node, L x min is the minimum displacement deviation in the X direction relative to the standard section, H is the height of the jacking frame; E is the elastic modulus of the jacking frame material; I x M is the moment of inertia of the jacking frame section along the X direction; xmin is the minimum bending moment of the tower in the X direction; M xmax is the maximum bending moment of the tower in the X direction; m is the mass of the hoisted object during the balancing process; F w is the wind load; μ min is 0; △x is the gap between the standard section and the lifting frame along the X direction;

[0034] Displacement L in the Y direction relative to the standard section py The calculation formula is:

[0035] L py =|L y max -L y min |

[0036]

[0037]

[0038] Among them, L ymax is the maximum displacement deviation in the Y direction relative to the standard node; L ymin is the minimum displacement deviation in the Y direction relative to the standard section; H is the height of the jacking frame; E is the elastic modulus of the jacking frame material; I y M is the moment of inertia of the jacking frame section along the Y direction; ymin M is the minimum bending moment of the tower in the Y direction; ymax F is the maximum bending moment of the tower in the Y direction; w is the wind load; △y is the gap between the standard section and the lifting frame along the Y direction.

[0039] Step 1.4: Based on the calculation in step 1.3, the safe plane area of ​​the displacement deviation of the lifting sleeve relative to the standard section is (L px , L py ), when the displacement of the lifting sleeve relative to the standard section exceeds the safe area, an alarm is issued.

[0040] The above-mentioned monitoring method of the safety monitoring device for assisting the tower crane jacking operation, the tower crane balance state monitoring device can monitor the displacement deviation of the jacking sleeve relative to the standard section in real time. When the displacement deviation of the jacking sleeve relative to the standard section is the smallest, it is the balance position of the tower crane.

[0041] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the present invention can comprehensively and effectively monitor the tower crane jacking process, realize status monitoring under safe conditions and risk control under unsafe conditions during the tower crane jacking process, and safely and effectively assist operators in performing tower crane jacking operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation distribution of the safety monitoring device of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tape-type stroke limiting device of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the roof-fall prevention limiting device of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the bidirectional linear displacement sensor of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the bidirectional linear displacement sensor of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the tower crane composition of the present invention.

[0048] In the figure, 1, standard section, 2, tower body, 3, lifting frame, 4, slewing support, 5, luffing trolley, 6, crane arm, 100, camera 1, 200, tape-type stroke limiter, 300, lifting cylinder platform, 400, anti-roof limiter, 500, weight sensor, 600, camera 3, 700, amplitude sensor, 800, driver's cab, 900, camera 2, 1000, bidirectional linear displacement sensor, 210, ruler, 220, detachable housing, 230, detachable retaining ring, 240, contact switch, 410, movable end, 420, transmission spring, 430, stroke limiter, 440, roller, 450, roller meshing gear, 460, clamping and fixing bracket, 470, adjusting screw, 480, movable splint, 490, fixed end, 1010, resistive bidirectional linear displacement sensor, 1020, intermediate rotating connecting rod, 1030, adjusting screw, 1040, movable clamp, 1050, fixing strap; 1011, resistance coil, 1012, spring, 1013, movable plate pointer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0050] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention discloses a safety detection device for assisting the tower crane jacking operation process, including a tower crane balance state monitoring device, an anti-roof-fall limiting device, a tape-type stroke limiting device, and a video monitoring module. The video monitoring module includes 4 camera shooting points and two video display placement points, wherein the 4 camera shooting points can be shot by three cameras, camera 100 is located at the jacking sleeve facing the climbing claw, and is a shooting point for the climbing claw in place state, camera 2 900 is located at the jacking sleeve facing the pin shaft connecting the sleeve and the lower support, and is a shooting point for the bolt connection state of the jacking sleeve and the rotary lower support, as well as the shooting point for the standard section introducing the crossbeam. The shooting points, the shooting points of the climbing claw in position and the shooting points of the bolt connection status of the jacking sleeve and the slewing lower support are displayed on the cylinder display, and the cylinder display is installed on the jacking cylinder platform 300; the camera three 600 is installed in the position opposite to the lifting winch drum, which is the shooting point of the winch, used to shoot the wire rope winding state, and the shooting point of the standard section introduction beam is used to shoot the standard section introduction state. The pictures shot by the above two cameras are displayed on the driver's cab display, which is installed in the driver's cab 800; the tape-type travel limit device point 200 is located on the jacking cylinder; the anti-roof limiting device 400 is located at the top of the four main limbs of the standard section.

[0051] The tower crane balance state monitoring device includes: a weight sensor 500, which is installed on the tower crane hoisting wire rope guide pulley and is used to collect the weight value of the tower crane hoisting heavy objects; an amplitude sensor 700 is installed on one side of the luffing mechanism drum and is used to obtain the trolley amplitude change value in real time; a terminal processor is installed in the driver's cab 800 and is used to obtain and process the information obtained by the amplitude sensor, weight sensor and bidirectional linear displacement sensor. A buzzer prompt is set inside to issue a warning signal when the tower crane reaches a balanced state; the bidirectional linear displacement sensor point 1000 is located between the jacking sleeve and the standard section. There are two bidirectional linear displacement sensors in total, one of which is installed on the horizontal web of the jacking sleeve along the direction of the tower crane's boom, facing the main limb of the standard section 1. During the jacking and balancing process, the luffing trolley 5 moves forward from the end of the boom 6. As the amplitude value of the luffing trolley 5 gradually increases, the forward tilting moment of the tower crane also gradually increases, and gradually balances with the backward tilting moment of the tower crane in the initial state, and gradually reaches a balanced state; the luffing trolley 5 If it moves forward again, the forward tilt moment of the tower crane will be greater than the backward tilt moment, and the tower crane will begin to tilt forward. During this process, the offset of the jacking sleeve relative to the standard section will gradually decrease until it reaches the minimum value, and then gradually increase. Based on this data change characteristic, the terminal processor will buzz when it detects that the displacement sensor has reached the minimum value, and feedback the corresponding trolley amplitude value at that moment, which is the equilibrium position of the tower crane during the jacking process; the other one is installed on the horizontal web of the jacking sleeve along the direction perpendicular to the tower crane's boom, facing the main limb of the standard section. During the tower crane jacking and balancing process, the bidirectional linear displacement sensor obtains the change in the lateral offset of the top of the sleeve caused by the lateral load generated by the driver's cab on the top of the tower crane or the lateral wind load generated on the tower crane due to the influence of wind direction and wind speed at the construction site.

[0052] like Figure 2As shown, the specific structure of the tape measure stroke limiting device is: it includes a ruler 210, a detachable retaining ring 230, a contact switch 240, and a detachable shell 220. The ruler 210 is installed on the detachable shell 220, and the detachable retaining ring 230 is fixed around the ruler 210 and can be rolled in with the ruler. The contact switch 240 is located at the ruler outlet. The ruler 210 is 5 meters long, and the surface of the ruler is marked with scales. It is rolled up in the detachable shell 220 in the non-working state. The detachable retaining ring 230 can be adjusted to the position on the ruler according to the required limit distance and fixedly locked (for example: if the required limit length is two meters, the detachable retaining ring is adjusted to the two-meter scale position of the ruler), and the detachable retaining ring 230 can be rolled up together with the tape measure. Contact switch 240 is located in the unwinding position of the tape. When the tape is unwinding, it doesn't contact the contact switch. When the detachable retaining ring is unwound along with the tape, it contacts the contact switch, activating the control. Removable housing 220 can be opened to adjust the position of removable retaining ring 230. The tape-style travel limiter is mounted on the lifting cylinder. The tape head is locked to the cylinder seat. Removable housing 220 is mounted on the cylinder outer barrel and moves with it. Once the lifting cylinder reaches the set distance, it limits the cylinder's movement.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, the anti-roof-fall limiting device is installed on the four main limbs of the lifting frame, facing the four standard section main limbs. The anti-roof-fall limiting device is fixed to the lifting frame main limbs by a clamping bracket 460. By turning an adjusting screw 470 and tightening a movable clamping plate 480, the fixing bracket 460 is clamped to the lifting frame, ensuring that the fixed end 490 of the installation transmission bracket is in close contact with the lifting frame main limb. The fixed end 490 of the installation transmission bracket is connected to the movable end 410 of the installation transmission bracket via a hinged connection at the lower head. The movable end 410 of the installation transmission bracket is close to the standard section main limb, and a transmission spring 420 is installed between the two. The transmission spring 420 ensures that the movable end 410 of the installation transmission bracket remains close to the standard section main limb during the movement of the lifting frame. A roller 440 is mounted on the upper head of the movable end 410. The movable end 410 is in close contact with the standard section main limb via the roller 440. As the lifting frame moves, the transmission mounting bracket is driven, causing the roller to roll along the standard section main limb. The roller intermediate shaft is equipped with a roller meshing gear 450, which meshes with the meshing gear mounted on the stroke limiter 430. The rotation of the roller drives the gear, which ultimately drives the stroke limiter to rotate, collecting and recording the jacking height parameters. As the stroke limiter acquires real-time jacking height change data, if the height data reaches the roof fall limit, the stroke limiter engages, restricting the jacking frame from continuing to lift, preventing roof falls.

[0054] like Figure 4As shown in Figure 1, the bidirectional linear displacement sensor structure mainly includes: a resistive bidirectional linear displacement sensor 1010, which mainly includes two sets of resistor coils 1011, separated by a 5mm wide resin spacer. A movable pointer 1013 is set inside the resistor coils and the resin spacer. The movable pointer is initially located at the midpoint of the resin spacer. The left and right directions are connected by springs 1012, allowing the movable pointer to move left and right to connect to the resistor coils on both sides. Assuming that the movable pointer moves to the left by a distance x, the resistance value in the circuit at this time is The current value corresponding to this resistor in the circuit is Similarly, the pointer of the moving piece moves to the left by a distance x, then the resistance value in the circuit is The current value corresponding to this resistor in the circuit is Therefore, the corresponding relationship between the left and right moving distance x and the current values ​​on the left and right sides is set as: Converting the current relationship into a displacement value yields the displacement offset of the jacking frame relative to the tower body. The resistive bidirectional linear displacement sensor 1010 is connected to the adjustment screw 1030 via an intermediate rotating link 1020. This intermediate rotating link 1020 ensures that the adjustment screw 1030 and the resistive displacement sensor are parallel to each other. The adjustment screw is equipped with a movable clamp 1040, which can be tightened or loosened as the screw is adjusted to secure the tower body standard section. Furthermore, the resistive displacement sensor housing is equipped with a fixed strap 1050 for mounting on the jacking frame. During installation, ensure that the movable plate pointer is located at the midpoint of the resin spacer. The bidirectional linear displacement sensor is installed between the jacking sleeve and the standard section. When the luffing trolley moves forward from the end of the boom, the jacking sleeve will be offset relative to the tower body, and the adjusting screw connected to the standard section will be offset relative to the resistive displacement sensor housing fixed on the jacking sleeve. Since the adjusting screw and the resistive displacement sensor housing are connected through an intermediate rotating connecting rod, the adjusting screw drives the springs on both sides of the movable plate pointer to displace, and then the movable plate pointer is offset to one side of the resistance ring, converting the current values ​​on both sides of the resistance ring into displacement values. Since the adjusting screw and the resistive displacement sensor housing are parallel to each other, the displacement of the movable plate pointer is the same as the displacement of the adjusting screw, which can reflect the displacement of the jacking sleeve relative to the tower body.

[0055] When the safety monitoring device of the present invention is used, the specific steps are as follows: Step 1, the video monitoring device monitors the tower crane in real time, and the tower crane balance state monitoring device monitors the balance state, and at the same time finds the balance position of the tower crane;

[0056] The method for monitoring the balance state of the tower crane by the tower crane balance state monitoring device in step 1 is specifically as follows:

[0057] Step 1.1, establish a coordinate system: the boom direction is the X direction, and the direction perpendicular to the boom direction is the Y direction;

[0058] Step 1.2: Two bidirectional linear displacement sensors monitor the displacement in the X and Y directions respectively. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0059] X-direction displacement L x The calculation formula is:

[0060]

[0061] Wherein, H is the height of the lifting frame; E is the elastic modulus of the lifting frame material; I x M is the moment of inertia of the jacking frame section along the X direction; x is the bending moment of the tower in the X direction, m is the mass of the hoisted object during the balancing process; F w is the wind load; μ is the amplitude of the luffing trolley, and △x is the gap between the standard section and the lifting frame along the X direction;

[0062] Y-direction displacement L y The calculation formula is:

[0063]

[0064] Wherein, H is the height of the lifting frame; E is the elastic modulus of the lifting frame material; I y M is the moment of inertia of the jacking frame section along the Y direction; y F is the bending moment of the tower in the Y direction; w is the wind load; △y is the gap between the standard section and the lifting frame along the Y direction.

[0065] Step 1.3: According to the calculation formula in step 1.2, calculate the maximum and minimum values ​​of the displacement deviation in the X direction and Y direction relative to the standard node respectively. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0066] X-direction displacement L relative to the standard section px The calculation formula is:

[0067] L px =|L x max -L x min |

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] Among them, L x max is the maximum displacement deviation in the X direction relative to the standard node, L x min is the minimum displacement deviation in the X direction relative to the standard section, H is the height of the jacking frame; E is the elastic modulus of the jacking frame material; Ix M is the moment of inertia of the jacking frame section along the X direction; xmin is the minimum bending moment of the tower in the X direction; M xmax is the maximum bending moment of the tower in the X direction; m is the mass of the hoisted object during the balancing process; F w is the wind load; μ min is 0; △x is the gap between the standard section and the lifting frame along the X direction;

[0071] Displacement L in the Y direction relative to the standard section py The calculation formula is:

[0072] L py =|L y max -L y min |

[0073]

[0074]

[0075] Among them, L y max is the maximum displacement deviation in the Y direction relative to the standard node; L y min is the minimum displacement deviation in the Y direction relative to the standard section; H is the height of the jacking frame; E is the elastic modulus of the jacking frame material; I y M is the moment of inertia of the jacking frame section along the Y direction; ymin is the minimum bending moment of the tower in the Y direction; M ymax F is the maximum bending moment of the tower in the Y direction; w is the wind load; △y is the gap between the standard section and the lifting frame along the Y direction;

[0076] Step 1.4: Based on the calculation in step 1.3, the safe plane area of ​​the displacement deviation of the lifting sleeve relative to the standard section is (L px , L py ), when the displacement of the lifting sleeve relative to the standard section exceeds the safe area, an alarm is issued;

[0077] The tower crane balance status monitoring device can monitor the displacement deviation of the jacking sleeve relative to the standard section in real time. When the displacement deviation of the jacking sleeve relative to the standard section is the smallest, it is the balance position of the tower crane. At this position, the terminal processor sends a signal to prompt the staff that the balance state has been reached.

[0078] Step 2, after finding the equilibrium position, the jacking cylinder on the jacking frame is activated to push the tower crane jacking frame and the tower crane components above it to move upward, and the cylinder stroke limiting device is used for detection and control. During a jacking cycle of the tower crane, the jacking frame 3 needs to be jacked up to a height slightly greater than a standard section 1 (if the standard section height is 4.8m, it needs to be jacked up to a height of 4.9m). In order to jack up this height, the jacking cylinder needs to make two strokes (that is, the maximum height of the jacking cylinder for one extension is about 4.45m. To reach the height of 4.9m, the jacking cylinder needs to be retracted and extended again). After the jacking cylinder completes the first extension, the jacking frame 3 needs to be clamped on the tower body 2 through the climbing claw. At this time, the camera 100 needs to be used to shoot whether the climbing claw is stuck in the fixed position of the tower body 2.

[0079] Step 3: After the jacking frame reaches the jacking position, the position of the jacking frame is monitored by the anti-roof limiting device;

[0080] Step 4: After the jacking action is completed, a standard section is introduced into the tower body for installation. The video monitoring module monitors the introduction process of the standard section to complete the installation.

[0081] In this embodiment, the shooting points of the bolt connection status between the jacking sleeve 3 and the slewing lower support 4 and the shooting points of the main hoist winch are monitored before the balancing process is completed; after the balancing process is completed, the tower crane needs to use the tower crane balance state monitoring device to monitor the overall balance state of the tower crane during the entire jacking process, and an alarm signal can be issued no matter at which stage the tower crane tilts.

[0082] The above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present invention within the spirit and scope of protection of the present invention, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions shall also be deemed to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A safety monitoring device for assisting tower crane jacking operations, characterized in that: It includes a tower crane balance state monitoring device, an anti-roof limiting device, a cylinder stroke limiting device, and a video monitoring module. The tower crane balance state monitoring device includes an amplitude sensor, a weight sensor, a bidirectional linear displacement sensor, and a terminal processor. The amplitude sensor is installed at the luffing mechanism, the weight sensor is installed at the lifting wire rope guide pulley, and two bidirectional linear displacement sensors are provided. One is installed on the horizontal web of the jacking sleeve along the direction of the tower crane boom, facing the main limb of the standard section, and the other is installed on the horizontal web of the jacking sleeve along the direction perpendicular to the tower crane boom, facing the main limb of the standard section. The terminal processor is used to obtain and process information obtained by the amplitude sensor, the weight sensor, and the bidirectional linear displacement sensor; The anti-roof-fall limiting device is installed on the top of the tower body, the oil cylinder stroke limiting device is installed on the jacking oil cylinder, and the video monitoring module is used to monitor the status of the tower crane in real time; The anti-roof limiting device includes a transmission mounting bracket, a roller, and a stroke limiter. The transmission mounting bracket includes a fixed bracket and a movable bracket. The fixed bracket is rotatably connected to one end of the movable bracket. A spring is installed between the fixed bracket and the movable bracket. The roller is installed on the top of the movable bracket. A transmission gear is installed in the middle of the roller. The transmission gear is engaged with the gear on the stroke limiter. The fixed bracket is provided with an adjustable clamping device, and the transmission mounting bracket is clamped and fixed on the lifting sleeve main limb facing the standard section main limb by rotating the adjusting screw. The movable bracket is close to the standard section main limb.

2. A safety monitoring device for assisting tower crane jacking operation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A buzzer is provided inside the terminal processor for sending out a warning signal when it is determined that the tower crane has reached a balanced state.

3. A safety monitoring device for assisting tower crane jacking operation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bidirectional linear displacement sensor is a resistive bidirectional linear displacement sensor.

4. A safety monitoring device for assisting tower crane jacking operation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder stroke limiting device is a tape measure type stroke limiting device, including a ruler, a detachable retaining ring, a contact switch, and a detachable shell. The ruler is installed on the detachable shell. The detachable retaining ring is fixed around the ruler and can be rolled in with the ruler. The contact switch is located at the ruler outlet. The contact switch can control the opening and closing of the jacking cylinder operating platform control circuit.

5. The safety monitoring device for assisting tower crane jacking operation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The video monitoring module includes 4 camera shooting points and 2 video display placement points. The 4 camera shooting points include the shooting point of the cylinder climbing claw in place, the shooting point of the connection status of the jacking sleeve and the slewing lower support pin shaft, the winch shooting point, and the standard section introduction beam shooting point. The 2 video display placement points include the cylinder display installed on the jacking cylinder platform and the driver's cab display installed in the driver's cab.

6. A monitoring method based on the safety monitoring device for auxiliary tower crane jacking operation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: The video monitoring module monitors the tower crane in real time, monitors the balance state of the tower crane through the tower crane balance state monitoring device, and finds the balance position of the tower crane; Step 2: After finding the equilibrium position, the jacking cylinder on the jacking frame is activated to push the jacking frame and the tower crane components above it upward, and the cylinder stroke is monitored and controlled by the cylinder stroke limiting device; Step 3: When the jacking frame is lifted to a height close to a standard section, the position of the jacking frame is monitored by the anti-roof limiting device; Step 4: After the lifting action of the lifting cylinder is completed, the standard section is introduced and installed. The video monitoring module monitors the introduction process of the standard section to complete the installation; Step 5: After the lower end of the standard section is fixedly connected to the tower body, the lifting cylinder retracts, causing the lifting sleeve and the above tower crane components to fall back, so that the slewing support contacts the upper end of the newly installed standard section, and aligns the connecting holes of the standard section and the slewing support for connection and fixation.

7. The monitoring method of the safety monitoring device for assisting tower crane jacking operation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method for monitoring the balance state of the tower crane by the tower crane balance state monitoring device in step 1 is specifically as follows: Step 1.1, establish a coordinate system: the boom direction is the X direction, and the direction perpendicular to the boom direction is the Y direction; Step 1.2: Two bidirectional linear displacement sensors monitor the displacement in the X and Y directions respectively. The specific calculation formula is as follows: X-direction displacement The calculation formula is: Wherein, H is the height of the lifting frame; E is the elastic modulus of the lifting frame material; I x M is the moment of inertia of the jacking frame section along the X direction; x is the bending moment of the tower in the X direction, m is the mass of the hoisted object during the balancing process; F w is the wind load; μ is the amplitude of the luffing trolley, and ; △x is the gap between the standard section and the lifting frame along the X direction; Y-direction displacement The calculation formula is: Wherein, H is the height of the lifting frame; E is the elastic modulus of the lifting frame material; I y M is the moment of inertia of the jacking frame section along the Y direction; y F is the bending moment of the tower in the Y direction; w is the wind load; △y is the gap between the standard section and the lifting frame along the Y direction; Step 1.3: According to the calculation formula in step 1.2, calculate the maximum and minimum values ​​of the displacement deviation in the X direction and Y direction relative to the standard node respectively. The calculation formula is as follows: Displacement deviation in X direction relative to the standard section The calculation formula is: in, is the maximum displacement deviation in the X direction relative to the standard node, is the minimum displacement deviation in the X direction relative to the standard section, H is the height of the jacking frame; E is the elastic modulus of the jacking frame material; I x M is the moment of inertia of the jacking frame section along the X direction; xmin is the minimum bending moment of the tower in the X direction; M xmax is the maximum bending moment of the tower in the X direction; m is the mass of the hoisted object during the balancing process; F w is the wind load; μ min is 0; ; △x is the gap between the standard section and the lifting frame along the X direction; Displacement deviation in the Y direction relative to the standard section The calculation formula is: in, is the maximum displacement deviation in the Y direction relative to the standard node; is the minimum displacement deviation in the Y direction relative to the standard section; H is the height of the jacking frame; E is the elastic modulus of the jacking frame material; I y M is the moment of inertia of the jacking frame section along the Y direction; ymin M is the minimum bending moment of the tower in the Y direction; ymax F is the maximum bending moment of the tower in the Y direction; w is the wind load; △y is the gap between the standard section and the lifting frame along the Y direction; Step 1.4: Based on the calculation in step 1.3, the safe plane area of ​​the displacement deviation of the lifting sleeve relative to the standard section is (L px , L py ), an alarm is issued when the displacement of the lifting sleeve relative to the standard section exceeds the safe area.

8. The monitoring method of the safety monitoring device for assisting tower crane jacking operation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The tower crane balance state monitoring device can monitor the displacement deviation of the jacking sleeve relative to the standard section in real time. When the displacement deviation of the jacking sleeve relative to the standard section is the smallest, it is the balance position of the tower crane.

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