A core drilling tool

Abstract

The present application relates to a coring drill, which includes a kinetic energy unit and a sampling unit; the kinetic energy unit includes a coaxially arranged drill rod, an impact mechanism and a sliding column; one end of the drill rod is fixed to one end of the impact mechanism, and the other end extends out of the borehole; one end of the sliding column is coaxially slidably connected with the end of the drill rod away from the impact mechanism, and the other end is fixed on the sampling unit; the sliding column and the impact mechanism are in a relatively static state along the circumferential direction; the sampling unit includes a coaxially arranged inner tube assembly, an outer tube assembly, a single-action mechanism and a drill bit, the outer tube assembly is sleeved on the outside of the inner tube assembly and is rotatably connected to the inner tube assembly through the single-action mechanism, one end of the outer tube assembly is connected to the sliding column, and the other end is connected to the drill bit; the inner tube assembly is close to one end of the drill bit for inserting and storing soil samples. The present application can realize rotary drilling, hammer drilling and rotary hammer composite drilling methods, select appropriate drilling methods according to different geological conditions, and effectively improve the efficiency of drilling construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of drilling, and in particular, to a core drill. Background Art

[0002] In the work of geological exploration, environmental sampling, and solid mineral exploration drilling, core drills are required to drill out underground samples from the formation. A core drill is a special drill for obtaining underground formation samples, and the samples taken are the most intuitive and practical data for understanding the underground geology and minerals.

[0003] Currently, in environmental sampling drilling work, it is required to take undisturbed samples in the soft Quaternary sedimentary layer, especially in strata such as silty sand, silt, cohesive soil, soft soil, and silt. The main drilling methods are static pressure, hammering, high-frequency vibration, etc. By applying static pressure, hammering, and high-frequency vibration to the drill pipe through a surface drill, the power is transmitted to the downhole drill tool through the drill pipe, so that the core bit is pressed into the formation to obtain undisturbed soil samples. In this process, the power is transmitted through the drill pipe to the core bit at the bottom of the hole.

[0004] In engineering geological exploration drilling work, for sampling and drilling in loose and easily eroded gravel soil, sand and gravel, and coarse sand strata, single-tube or double-tube drill tools are generally used in combination with flushing fluid.

[0005] In solid mineral exploration drilling work, the main work is core sampling in rock formations. Generally, double-tube or wireline core drill tools are used in combination with flushing fluid and drilled in a rotary manner.

[0006] Regarding the above related technologies

[0007] 1. In environmental sampling drilling work, the elastic deformation of the drill pipe and the side friction resistance between the drill pipe and the borehole cause serious losses in the energy transmission process, and the impact force or pressure acting on the drill bit is severely lost. As the borehole depth increases, the drilling speed decreases significantly, and the core sampling quality deteriorates;

[0008] 2. In engineering geological exploration drilling work, when drilling in a rotary manner, the volume of rock and soil cores in complex strata is small and relatively loose, and it is difficult to clamp the rock and soil cores, resulting in low recovery rate and poor quality. The instability of the formation causes frequent downhole accidents such as drill tool jamming or burying during the drilling process, making core sampling difficult and borehole wall protection difficult; It is difficult and ineffective to take measures such as strong pulling and hammering at the surface. In particular, when using a single-tube drill tool for drilling, it often causes serious pollution of the surface mud at the construction site;

[0009] 3. In solid mineral exploration drilling work, due to the strong integrity of the minerals, drill tool jamming and clamping accidents often occur. The common treatment measures include strong pulling, hammering, and pulling while rotating to cut off the drill tool. The accident treatment cycle is long, the cost is high, and the risk is large. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In order to facilitate coring under different geological conditions, the present application provides a coring drill.

[0011] In the first aspect, the present application provides a coring drill adopting the following technical solution:

[0012] A coring drill comprises a kinetic energy unit and a sampling unit arranged along the same axis;

[0013] The kinetic energy unit comprises a coaxially arranged drill rod, an impact mechanism and a sliding column; one end of the drill rod is fixed to one end of the impact mechanism, and the other end extends out of the drill hole; one end of the sliding column is coaxially slidably connected with the end of the impact mechanism away from the drill rod, and the other end is fixed on the sampling unit; the sliding column and the impact mechanism rotate simultaneously along the circumferential direction and are in a relatively static state;

[0014] The sampling unit includes a coaxially arranged inner tube assembly, an outer tube assembly and a drill bit. The outer tube assembly is sleeved on the outside of the inner tube assembly and is rotatably connected to the inner tube assembly. One end of the outer tube assembly is connected to the sliding column, and the other end is connected to the drill bit. The end of the inner tube assembly close to the drill bit is used for soil sample entry and storage.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, when taking a soil sample core, a sampling hole is pre-excavated, and then the drilling tool is lowered to the bottom of the hole until the drill bit contacts the bottom of the hole; by lifting the impact mechanism on the drill pipe, the impact mechanism slides along the sliding column and moves upward until the sliding column reaches the maximum stroke of its sliding, stop lifting the drill pipe and release the drill pipe, the drill pipe and the impact mechanism slide down along the sliding column under the action of gravity, the impact mechanism impacts the top of the outer pipe assembly, and then transmits the impact force to the drill bit, so as to realize that the drill bit cuts into the formation at the bottom of the hole, and the soil sample enters the inner pipe assembly. Repeat the above action process until the sampled soil sample column fills the inner pipe assembly, and then a round of drilling and sampling process can be completed; when sampling other soil types, while lifting the drill pipe, the drilling rig provides a rotational force for the drill pipe, the drill pipe drives the impact mechanism, the sliding column and the outer pipe assembly to rotate synchronously, and then drives the drill bit to rotate while receiving a downward impact force, and performs hammering rotary drilling on the soil sample; when the drilling tool is stuck or jammed due to excessive resistance, by quickly lifting the drill pipe upward and providing a rotational force for the drill pipe alone or in combination, the rock powder, sediment or rock fragments in the gap between the drilling tool and the hole wall are dropped by vibration, so as to release the stuck drilling tool and extract the drilling tool, achieving the effect of releasing the stuck and facilitating sampling. The provided drill pipe, impact mechanism and sliding column, the lifting of the drill pipe drives the impact mechanism to give an impact force to the sampling unit, so that the whole sampling unit impacts downward as a whole, and then can continuously give an impact force to the drill bit, so that the drill bit continuously impacts downward for sampling, the impact force loss applied to the drill bit is reduced, and the sampling efficiency and core sampling quality are improved. Through the rotation and hammering actions of the drill pipe, rotary drilling, hammering drilling and rotary hammering composite drilling methods can be realized. Selecting the appropriate drilling method for different formations can effectively improve the drilling construction efficiency; the relative position between the impact mechanism and the sliding column enables the inner pipe assembly to remain stationary during the rotation of the outer pipe assembly and the drill bit, which is convenient for protecting the soil sample stored in the inner pipe assembly, reducing the disturbance to the soil sample column, and at the same time, through the cooperation of impact and rotation, the stuck accident of the drilling tool in the hole can be solved, and the applicability of the drilling tool, the core sampling efficiency and the quality of the soil sample are improved as a whole.

[0016] Optionally, the impact mechanism includes a reducing joint, a punch, a water pipe and a hammer pad arranged coaxially;

[0017] The drill pipe is connected to the punch through the reducing joint, and the sliding column is slidably connected in the inner cavity of the punch;

[0018] One end of the water pipe is communicated with the drill pipe through the reducing joint, and the other end extends into the inner cavity of the sliding column and is slidably connected;

[0019] The hammer pad is fixedly arranged at one end of the outer pipe assembly close to the punch, and one end of the sliding column away from the punch is fixedly arranged on the outer pipe assembly through the hammer pad.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, when the lower end face of the impact hammer contacts the hammer pad, that is, when the impact hammer is in the lower position, the drill pipe is quickly lifted. The drill pipe drives the reducing joint, the water pipe and the impact hammer to quickly move upward along the sliding column, realizing the upward impact action. At this time, the impact hammer is in the upper position, and the drill pipe is released. The drill pipe, the reducing joint, the water pipe and the impact hammer fall downward along the sliding column by gravity, and the lower end of the impact hammer impacts the hammer pad, thereby realizing the downward impact action, and then transmitting the impact force to the drill bit through the hammer pad and the sampling unit in sequence for sampling. The provided reducing joint, impact hammer, water pipe and hammer pad, and the cooperation between the impact hammer and the hammer pad, while ensuring the impact force, reduce the rigid collision, facilitate the transmission of the impact force. The reducing joint is convenient for connecting impact hammers and drill pipes with different sizes. Through the sliding of the water pipe with the sliding column and the sliding column with the impact hammer, it ensures the vertical falling of the impact hammer, provides guidance for the falling of the impact hammer, reduces the loss of the impact force, reduces the stuck drill condition caused by the deviation of the drill tool, and improves the coring efficiency and the quality of the soil sample.

[0021] Optionally, the sliding column includes a concave platform and a guide post arranged in a "T" shape. One end of the concave platform penetrates into the inner cavity of the impact hammer and is slidably connected. Vent holes communicating with the inner cavity of the impact hammer are opened at positions near both ends of the side wall of the impact hammer, and the two vent holes are respectively arranged at the upper and lower sides of the concave platform; the guide post is set as a prism, and the end of the impact hammer near the hammer pad is opened as a rhombic hole matching the prism.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the provided concave platform and guide post limit the guide post through the concave platform to prevent the guide post from detaching from the impact hammer, control the up and down movement stroke of the impact hammer, and at the same time generate an impact force when the two inner end walls of the concave platform and the impact hammer are in contact, thereby making the drill tool vibrate and facilitating the release of the stuck drill in the stuck drill state; the provided vent holes balance the internal and external air pressures of the impact hammer during the process of lifting or lowering the impact hammer to prevent the upper and lower cavities of the concave platform in the impact hammer from forming a sealed state and being locked, and thus being unable to complete the impact action; the guide post is set as a prism, making the guide post and the impact hammer relatively stationary in the circumferential direction, realizing the synchronous rotation and stop between the two, so as to facilitate the transmission.

[0023] Optionally, the outer pipe assembly includes a drill tool outer pipe and a reamer;

[0024] One end of the drill tool outer pipe is connected to the hammer pad, and the other end is coaxially connected to the reamer. The outer diameter of the reamer is larger than the outer diameter of the drill tool outer pipe; the drill bit is arranged on the side of the reamer away from the drill tool outer pipe;

[0025] The inner pipe assembly includes a drill tool inner pipe, a liner pipe and a feed seat;

[0026] The drill tool inner pipe is coaxially and rotatably connected in the inner cavity of the drill tool outer pipe, and the liner pipe is coaxially arranged in the inner cavity of the drill tool inner pipe; the feed seat is arranged at one end of the drill tool inner pipe away from the impact mechanism, and the inner diameter of the feed seat is the same as the inner diameter of the liner pipe.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solutions, the outer pipe of the drill tool rotates synchronously with the hammer pad, and the impact force and rotational force of the hammer pad are synchronously transmitted to the outer pipe of the drill tool. The outer pipe of the drill tool directly drives the drill bit to perform synchronous movement for sampling, reducing energy loss; the reamer can ream the hole during the sampling process, increasing the distance between the kinetic energy unit above the reamer and the hole wall, reducing the friction between the impact hammer and the hole wall, facilitating the sliding and rotation of the impact hammer, and reducing the occurrence of sticking of the drill tool; the inner pipe of the drill tool is rotatably connected to the outer pipe of the drill tool, forming an independent whole within the inner pipe of the drill tool, reducing the disturbance generated by the rotation of the outer pipe of the drill tool; the feeding seat gathers the soil samples drilled out by the drill bit into the inner cavity and gradually sends them into the liner for storage during the advancing process, which is the storage unit of the soil samples; the feeding seat has the same inner diameter as the liner, facilitating the entry of the soil samples into the liner and avoiding the occurrence of steps that cause the soil sample column to be unable to enter the liner or shake in the liner.

[0028] Optionally, a one-way ball valve seat is provided at one end of the hammer pad away from the sliding column. The inner cavity of the one-way ball valve seat communicates with the liner and is provided with a steel ball. The inner cavity of the one-way ball valve seat communicates with the annular gap between the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the drill tool. The one-way ball valve seat realizes the one-way sealing function of the liner by relying on the self-gravity of the steel ball.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solutions, during sampling, when the relatively compact soil sample enters the liner along the feeding seat, the air pressure in the liner cavity is squeezed to lift the steel ball in the one-way ball valve seat, and the gas in the liner is discharged from the inner cavity of the one-way ball valve seat, facilitating the smooth entry of the soil sample column into the liner; when the drill tool is lifted out of the borehole after sampling, the steel ball falls under the action of gravity, closing the channel between the one-way ball valve seat and the liner, making the entire liner in a sealed state, ensuring that the soil sample column will not slide out and fall from the liner, and improving the sampling quality and the sampling rate of the soil samples.

[0030] Optionally, the sampling unit further includes a single-acting mechanism connecting the outer pipe and the inner pipe of the drill tool; the single-acting mechanism includes a mandrel, an upper thrust bearing, a bearing seat, a lower thrust bearing, a spring, an adjusting nut, and a spring sleeve;

[0031] One end of the mandrel is fixed to the hammer pad, and the other end extends into the inner cavity of the outer pipe of the drill tool and is threadedly connected to the adjusting nut;

[0032] The bearing seat is coaxially sleeved on the mandrel. The upper thrust bearing and the lower thrust bearing are respectively arranged at both ends of the bearing seat, and the bearing seat is connected to the mandrel through the upper thrust bearing and the lower thrust bearing; the spring is sleeved on the mandrel, one end of the spring abuts against the lower thrust bearing, and the other end abuts against the adjusting nut;

[0033] The spring sleeve is sleeved on the mandrel, with one end connected to the bearing seat and the other end connected to the inner drill pipe; the one-way ball valve seat is arranged at the lower end of the spring sleeve.

[0034] By adopting the above technical solution, when the out-of-hole drill rig drives the drill pipe to rotate, the hammer pad rotates to drive the mandrel and the outer pipe assembly to rotate synchronously. The inner pipe assembly, the spring sleeve and the bearing seat are set as a whole. Through the cooperation of the upper thrust ball bearing and the lower thrust ball bearing, the inner pipe assembly remains stationary when the outer pipe assembly rotates. At the same time, during the sampling process, when the soil sample column enters the inner drill pipe, there is a frictional resistance between the soil sample column and the side wall of the inner drill pipe, which can prevent the inner pipe assembly from rotating with the mandrel and keep it stationary, thereby also preventing the spring sleeve and the bearing seat from rotating with the mandrel, thus realizing the single-acting effect of the inner pipe assembly and the outer pipe assembly. The upper thrust bearing, the bearing seat and the lower thrust bearing are arranged, which greatly reduces the frictional force between the bearing seat and the mandrel, enabling the bearing seat to achieve the single-acting function; the spring, the adjusting nut and the spring sleeve are arranged. By adjusting the up and down position of the adjusting nut, the pre-tightening force of the spring on the lower thrust ball bearing can be controlled, so as to adjust the single-acting flexibility of the bearing seat. At the same time, the structure is protected by the spring sleeve, which can effectively promote the smooth entry of the soil sample column into the liner and reduce the disturbance effect on the soil sample column.

[0035] Optionally, it further includes a flushing fluid circulation system; the drill pipe, the reducer joint, the water pipe, the sliding column, the hammer pad and the mandrel are all provided with flushing fluid channels that are sequentially connected along the central axis;

[0036] The mandrel is provided with a first water passing hole and a second water passing hole on its circumferential side. One end of the first water passing hole is communicated with the inner cavity of the mandrel, and the other end is communicated with the annular gap between the inner drill pipe and the outer drill pipe; one end of the second water passing hole is communicated with the liner, and the other end is communicated with the annular gap between the inner drill pipe and the outer drill pipe;

[0037] The drill bit is provided with a water outlet hole. One end of the water outlet hole is communicated with the annular gap between the inner drill pipe and the outer drill pipe, and the other end is used for communicating with the annular gap between the drill hole and the drill tool.

[0038] By adopting the above technical solution, during the sampling process, the flushing fluid is introduced from one end of the drill pipe and sequentially flows through the reducer joint, the water pipe, the sliding column, the hammer pad and the mandrel, and then flows into the annular gap between the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the drill tool along the first water hole. Finally, the flushing fluid enters the water outlet hole along the annular gap and flows to the position of the drill bit and the gap between the drill hole and the drill tool, lubricating the drilling position, reducing the friction between the drill tool and the hole wall at the same time, balancing the hole wall pressure, and carrying the bottom sediment of the hole back to the surface from the gap between the outer pipe of the drill tool and the drill hole, improving the sampling efficiency and the quality of the sample; at the same time, in the state of bending to take out the drill tool or the drill tool being stuck, through the cooperation of the flushing fluid with hammering drilling and rotation, the resistance of releasing the stuck and taking out the drill tool is reduced, the applicability is higher, and the sampling rate and the drilling efficiency of the pattern are improved.

[0039] Optionally, the drill bit is set as a ring knife drill bit, and the water outlet hole is arranged on the side of the ring knife drill bit; the feeding seat is set as an inner pipe shoe, and a piston is slidably connected along the axial direction inside the inner pipe shoe, and the piston can abut against the inner wall of the inner pipe shoe and the liner and slide.

[0040] By adopting the above technical solution, the inner diameter of the inner pipe shoe is equal to that of the liner, so that the columnar soil sample can smoothly enter the liner. The piston is installed inside the liner and forms a sealed and sliding fit with the liner, dividing the liner into upper and lower cavity bodies. When hammering and drilling in soft plastic strata such as silty sand, silt, cohesive soil, soft soil and silt, the soil sample enters the liner from the ring knife drill bit and the inner pipe shoe in sequence, and pushes the piston to move upward along the liner; the flushing fluid can be pre-stored in the liner cavity above the piston. The flushing fluid is extruded to lift the steel ball, and the flushing fluid is discharged from the inner cavity of the one-way ball valve seat and the second water hole and enters the annular gap between the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the drill tool and is discharged along the water outlet hole; during this process, the liner below the piston is filled with a column of soil sample. Until the drill tool is lifted out of the drill hole after drilling is completed, the steel ball drops to close the one-way ball valve seat, and a sealed state is formed inside the whole liner; it can ensure that the soft plastic soil sample column will not slide out and fall from the liner. The water outlet hole can guide the flushing fluid in the ring knife drill bit to the annular gap between the outer pipe of the drill tool and the drill hole, avoiding the flushing fluid from scouring the soil sample entering the ring knife drill bit, reducing the disturbance and pollution of the flushing fluid to the soil sample, and improving the soil sample taking rate; the flushing fluid discharged from the water outlet hole can lubricate the blade of the ring knife drill bit, facilitating drilling and carrying the bottom sediment of the hole back to the surface, obtaining good undisturbed sampling quality, and improving the taking rate of undisturbed soil samples.

[0041] Optionally, the drill bit is set as a bottom spray drill bit, and the water outlet hole is parallel to the central axis of the drill tool; the feeding seat is set as a spring retaining seat, and several core baffles distributed along the circumferential direction of the spring retaining seat are hinged to the inner wall of the spring retaining seat. The hinge axis of the core baffle is perpendicular to the axial direction of the liner and is set as a splicable fan-shaped arc plate, and the core baffle can rotate from the spliced state towards the side close to the impact mechanism.

[0042] By adopting the above technical scheme, when sampling and drilling in loose and easily eroded gravel soil, gravel, and coarse sand formations, under the action of gravity, the core baffle is in a horizontal closed state. During the sampling process, as the core or soil sample gradually enters and pushes up the core baffle, the core baffle rotates along the hinge axis toward the side of the impact mechanism until it reaches a vertical state and fits with the inner wall of the spring seat, so that the loose core or soil sample column can enter the liner; after drilling is completed, the drill tool is lifted up, and the loose core or soil sample column in the liner slides downward and presses the core baffle to rotate in the opposite direction along the hinge axis and reset until the core baffle rotates to a horizontal state, thereby forming a closed blocking section, sealing the bottom end of the liner, and preventing the loose core or soil sample from falling or spilling from the opening at the bottom end of the liner, thereby protecting the core or soil sample. The water outlet hole guides the flushing fluid to the bottom of the bottom jet drill bit, lubricates the drill bit and carries the rock powder sediment at the bottom of the hole back to the surface through the annular gap between the outer tube of the drill bit and the borehole, reducing the scouring of the flushing fluid on the loose core and soil samples entering the drill bit, thereby improving the sampling rate and drilling speed.

[0043] Optionally, the drill bit is configured as a side-jet drill bit, the water outlet hole is arranged on the inner side of the side-jet drill bit and parallel to the central axis of the drill tool; the feed seat is configured as a retaining spring seat, a retaining spring is coaxially slidingly arranged in the inner cavity of the retaining spring seat, the inner cavity of the retaining spring seat is configured as a conical cavity, and the cross-section of the conical cavity at one end away from the impact mechanism is smaller than that at the other end.

[0044] By adopting the above technical scheme, when coring in the rock formation, as the core column is drilled from the side jet drill bit into the retaining spring seat and pushes the retaining spring upward, the retaining spring is weakened by the conical inner wall of the retaining spring seat, and the retaining spring can expand outward along the radial direction until it abuts against the inner wall of the liner, and the core column passes through the retaining spring and enters the liner for storage; after coring is completed, the outer tube of the drill tool is lifted up, and the liner moves up synchronously with the outer tube of the drill tool, the retaining spring and the core column are tightly embraced, and the retaining spring moves downward relative to the retaining spring seat, and the retaining spring is radially constrained by the conical surface of the retaining spring seat and tightened inward, so that the retaining spring The spring's clamping force on the core is getting stronger and stronger; as the drill tool outer tube continues to be lifted, the retaining spring seat forces the inner tube assembly to bring the bearing seat downward to compress the spring, and the inner tube assembly moves downward relative to the drill tool outer tube until the lower end of the retaining spring seat contacts the side jet drill bit. At this time, the drill tool outer tube continues to be lifted, and the tensile force of the core column acting on the retaining spring and retaining spring seat is transmitted to the side jet drill bit. When the lifting force of the diamond side jet drill bit exceeds the tensile limit of the core column, the core column is pulled off, and the retaining spring is stuck with the core column, limiting the core column to prevent it from falling from the liner. The water outlet drains the flushing fluid to the inside of the drill bit, lubricates the drill bit, and carries the sediment produced by the rock crushing of the drill bit at the bottom of the hole back to the surface from the annular gap between the drill tool outer tube and the borehole. At the same time, when drilling into harder formations, the flushing fluid flushes and lubricates the side of the core entering the side jet drill bit, making it easier for the core to enter the drill tool inner tube and liner, thereby improving the recovery rate and drilling speed.

[0045] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0046] 1. The drill tool can implement the methods of rotary drilling, hammering drilling, and rotary hammering composite drilling. By selecting the appropriate drilling method according to different strata, the drilling construction efficiency can be effectively improved. At the same time, the impact force can be directly applied to the outer pipe assembly and then to the drill bit, reducing the loss of impact force and pressure. At the same time, through the cooperation of impact and rotation, the sticking accident of the drill tool in the hole can be solved, and the applicability of the drill tool, the coring efficiency, and the quality of soil samples are improved as a whole.

[0047] 2. The reduced-diameter joint, impact hammer, water pipe, and hammer pad are provided. The cooperation between the impact hammer and the hammer pad reduces the rigid collision while ensuring the impact force, facilitating the transmission of the impact force. The reduced-diameter joint facilitates the connection of impact hammers and drill pipes with different sizes. Through the sliding of the water pipe with the sliding column and the sliding column with the impact hammer, the vertical falling of the impact hammer is ensured, providing guidance for the falling of the impact hammer, reducing the loss of impact force, reducing the sticking condition caused by the deviation of the drill tool, and improving the coring efficiency and the quality of soil samples.

[0048] 3. The concave platform and the guide post are provided. The guide post is limited by the concave platform to prevent the guide post from detaching from the impact hammer and control the up and down movement stroke of the impact hammer. At the same time, an impact force is generated when the two inner end walls of the concave platform and the impact hammer are in contact, causing the drill tool to vibrate, which is convenient for releasing the stuck state in the case of sticking. The vent hole is provided to balance the internal and external air pressures of the impact hammer during the process of lifting or lowering the impact hammer, preventing the upper and lower cavities of the concave platform in the impact hammer from forming a sealed state and locking, so that the impact action cannot be completed. The guide post is set as a prism, so that the guide post and the impact hammer are relatively stationary in the circumferential direction, realizing the synchronous rotation and stop between the two, which is convenient for transmission.

[0049] 4. The upper thrust bearing, bearing seat, and lower thrust bearing are provided, which greatly reduces the friction between the bearing seat and the mandrel, enabling the bearing seat to achieve the single-acting function. The spring, adjusting nut, and spring sleeve are provided. By adjusting the up and down position of the adjusting nut, the pre-tightening force of the spring on the lower thrust ball bearing is controlled, thereby adjusting the single-acting flexibility of the bearing seat. At the same time, the structure is protected by the spring sleeve, which can effectively promote the smooth entry of the soil sample column into the liner, reducing the disturbance to the soil sample column. At the same time, the flushing fluid can be split to protect the taken core or soil sample, improving the recovery rate and the coring quality. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0050] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0051] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of

[0052] Figure 3 isFigure 1 Exploded view of the middle impact mechanism.

[0053] Figure 4 Schematic structural diagram of the ring knife bit.

[0054] Figure 5 Schematic structural diagram of the inner pipe shoe.

[0055] Figure 6 Schematic structural diagram of the piston.

[0056] Figure 7 Schematic structural diagram of the single-acting mechanism of Embodiment 2 of the present application.

[0057] Figure 8 Schematic sectional structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present application.

[0058] Figure 9 Schematic structural diagram of the bottom spray bit.

[0059] Figure 10 Schematic structural diagram of the spring retaining seat.

[0060] Figure 11 Schematic sectional structural diagram of Embodiment 4 of the present application.

[0061] Figure 12 Schematic structural diagram of the side spray bit.

[0062] Figure 13 Schematic structural diagram of the split collet seat.

[0063] Description of Reference Numerals: A, kinetic energy unit; B, sampling unit; 1, drill pipe; 2, impact mechanism; 21, reducing joint; 22, impact hammer; 221, vent hole; 23, water pipe; 24, hammer pad; 25, seal; 251, three-lobe seal ring; 252, six-lobe seal ring; 253, seal gland; 254, screw; 3, sliding column; 31, concave platform; 32, guide column; 4, inner pipe assembly; 41, inner drill pipe; 42, liner; 43, feed seat; 431, inner pipe shoe; 432, piston; 4321, upper pressure plate; 4322, expansion rubber ring; 4323, lower pressure plate; 4324, bolt; 4325, fixing nut; 433, retaining spring seat; 434, core baffle; 435, collet seat; 436, collet; 44, check valve seat; 45, steel ball; 5, outer pipe assembly; 51, outer drill pipe; 52, reamer; 6, single-acting mechanism; 61, mandrel; 611, first water passage hole; 612, second water passage hole; 62, lock nut; 63, upper thrust bearing; 64, bearing seat; 65, lower thrust bearing; 66, spring; 67, adjusting nut; 68, spring sleeve; 69, nozzle; 7, drill bit; 71, ring cutter drill bit; 711, ring cutter edge; 72, water outlet hole; 73, bottom jet drill bit; 731, polycrystalline diamond compact cutting teeth; 74, side jet drill bit; 741, diamond matrix; 8, flushing fluid passage. Detailed Implementation Modes

[0064] The following further elaborates on this application in conjunction with the Figures 1-13 accompanying drawings.

[0065] Embodiment 1

[0066] The embodiment of this application discloses a core drill.

[0067] Embodiment 1 of this application is applicable to in-situ sampling in the Quaternary soft sediment layer during environmental sampling drilling work, especially for in-situ sampling in soft strata such as silty sand, silt, cohesive soil, soft soil, and silt. When conducting sampling drilling, an impact drilling method is adopted.

[0068] Referring to Figure 1 , a core drill includes a kinetic energy unit A, a sampling unit B, and a flushing fluid circulation system arranged on the same axis; the kinetic energy unit A includes a drill pipe 1, an impact mechanism 2, and a sliding column 3 arranged coaxially; the sampling unit B includes an inner pipe assembly 4, an outer pipe assembly 5, and a drill bit 7 arranged coaxially. One end of the drill pipe 1 is fixed to the upper end of the impact mechanism 2, and the other end extends out of the borehole for lifting; one end of the sliding column 3 is coaxially and slidably connected to the lower end of the impact mechanism 2, and the other end is fixedly connected to the upper end of the outer pipe assembly 5 by a thread; the lower end of the outer pipe assembly 5 is connected to the drill bit 7 and is used to extend into the borehole for sampling and storing. The outer pipe assembly 5 is sleeved outside the inner pipe assembly 4 and is rotatably connected to the inner pipe assembly 4.

[0069] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the impact mechanism 2 includes a reducing joint 21, a rammer 22, a water pipe 23, a hammer pad 24 and a seal 25 that are coaxially arranged; the top end of the drill pipe 1 extends out of the borehole, and the lower end of the drill pipe 1 and the upper end of the rammer 22 are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the reducing joint 21 and are fixedly connected by threads. The drill pipe 1, the reducing joint 21, the water pipe 23, the sliding column 3 and the hammer pad 24 are all provided with a flushing fluid passage 8 that is sequentially communicated and through which the flushing fluid flows along the central axis 61. The water pipe 23 and the sliding column 3 are both arranged inside the rammer 22. The upper end of the water pipe 23 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the reducing joint 21 by threads. The lower end of the water pipe 23 extends into the flushing fluid passage 8 of the sliding column 3 and is slidably connected to the sliding column 3. The annular gap between the water pipe 23 and the sliding column 3 is hermetically connected by the seal 25. One end of the sliding column 3 is slidably connected inside the rammer 22, and the other end is fixedly connected to the hammer pad 24 by threads. The hammer pad 24 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the outer pipe assembly 5 by threads.

[0070] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the sliding column 3 includes a concave platform 31 and a guide post 32 arranged in a "T" shape. One end of the concave platform 31 penetrates into the inner cavity of the rammer 22 and is slidably connected. The upper end surface and the lower end surface of the concave platform 31 are respectively used to contact the upper contact surface and the lower contact surface inside the rammer 22 to control the process of the sliding column 3; in this application, the up and down movement stroke of the rammer 22 and the water pipe 23 is 500 mm. Two groups of air vent holes 221 communicating with the inner cavity of the rammer 22 are arranged at positions near both ends of the side wall of the rammer 22. The two groups of air vent holes 221 are respectively arranged on both sides of the concave platform 31 to prevent the upper and lower cavities of the rammer 22 from being locked in a sealed state during the process of lifting or lowering the rammer 22, so that the impact action cannot be completed. The guide post 32 is set as a prism and extends out of the rammer 22 and is threadedly connected to the hammer pad 24. One end of the rammer 22 close to the hammer pad 24 is provided with a rhombic hole that cooperates with the prism; in this application, the guide post 32 is set as a hexagonal prism, and the rhombic hole is set as a hexagonal hole, so that the rammer 22 and the sliding column 3 rotate synchronously.

[0071] Reference Figure 3 , the seal 25 includes a seal gland 253 coaxially sleeved on the water pipe 23, a screw 254, a three-lobe seal ring 251 and a six-lobe seal ring 252; the three-lobe seal ring 251 and the six-lobe seal ring 252 are sequentially embedded in the concave part of the concave platform 31 and are in contact with the outer wall of the water pipe 23 and the inner wall of the concave platform 31; the seal gland 253 presses on the upper ends of the concave platform 31 and the six-lobe seal ring 252 and is fixed on the top wall of the concave platform 31 by the screw 254 to realize the sealing of the gap between the water pipe 23 and the sliding column 3. During the process of drilling with the flushing fluid, it can prevent the high-pressure flushing fluid from flowing out of the fitting gap between the water pipe 23 and the sliding column 3, ensure that the water pipe 23 reciprocates at a high speed inside the hexagonal shaft, and the anti-high-pressure fluid sealing performance is more stable and reliable.

[0072] Refer to Figure 2 , a one-way ball valve seat 44 is connected to the lower end of the hammer pad 24 by a screw thread, and the inner cavity of the one-way ball valve seat 44 is communicated with the flushing liquid channel 8 of the hammer pad 24; the one-way ball valve seat 44 is arranged in the inner cavity of the outer pipe assembly 5, and the inner pipe assembly 4 is arranged at the lower end of the one-way ball valve seat 44; a steel ball 45 is arranged in the inner cavity of the one-way ball valve seat 44, and the inner cavity of the one-way ball valve seat 44 is communicated with the inner cavity of the inner pipe assembly 4. At the same time, the inner cavity of the one-way ball valve seat 44 is communicated with the annular gap between the inner pipe assembly 4 and the outer pipe assembly 5, and the one-way ball valve seat 44 realizes the one-way sealing function of the inner pipe assembly 4 by relying on the self-gravity of the steel ball 45.

[0073] Refer to Figure 2 , the outer pipe assembly 5 includes a drill pipe outer pipe 51 and a reamer 52; the upper end of the drill pipe outer pipe 51 is connected to the hammer pad 24 by a screw thread, the lower end is coaxially connected to the upper end of the reamer 52 by a screw thread, the lower end of the reamer 52 is connected to the drill bit 7 by a screw thread, and the outer diameter of the reamer 52 is larger than the outer diameter of the drill pipe outer pipe 51.

[0074] Refer to Figure 2 , the inner pipe assembly 4 includes a drill pipe inner pipe 41, a liner 42 and a feed seat 43; the upper end of the drill pipe inner pipe 41 is connected to the lower end of the one-way ball valve seat 44 by a screw thread, and the lower end is connected to the feed seat 43 by a screw thread; the liner 42 is coaxially arranged in the inner cavity of the drill pipe inner pipe 41, and in the embodiment of the present application, the liner 42 is made of polycarbonate plastic with an inner diameter of 64 mm; the upper end of the liner 42 contacts the lower end of the one-way ball valve seat 44 and is communicated with the inner cavity of the one-way ball valve seat 44, and the lower end contacts the upper end surface of the feed seat 43; the feed seat 43 has the same inner diameter as the liner 42. A water outlet hole 72 is formed in the drill bit 7, one end of the water outlet hole 72 is communicated with the annular gap between the drill pipe inner pipe 41 and the drill pipe outer pipe 51, and the other end is used for communicating with the annular gap between the drill hole and the drill tool.

[0075] Refer to Figure 4 , the drill bit 7 of the present application is set as a ring knife drill bit 71, the ring knife drill bit 71 includes a ring knife edge 711, and the edge angle of the ring knife edge 711 is 25-30°; the water outlet holes 72 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the ring knife drill bit 71, the water outlet holes 72 are located on the side surface of the ring knife drill bit 71, with a diameter of 5 mm, and form an angle of 45° with the central axis 61 of the ring knife drill bit 71. In the embodiment of the present application, the number of the water outlet holes 72 is 8 groups and is uniformly distributed on the outside of the ring knife drill bit 71. One end of the water outlet hole 72 is communicated with the annular gap between the drill pipe inner pipe 41 and the drill pipe outer pipe 51, and the other end is used for communicating with the annular gap between the drill hole and the drill tool.

[0076] Refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6, in the embodiment of the present application, the feeding seat 43 is arranged as an inner pipe shoe 431. The inner side wall of the inner pipe shoe 431 is a concentric circular arc shape, and the inner diameter of the inner pipe shoe 431 is equal to that of the liner 42, so that the columnar soil sample can smoothly enter the liner 42. A piston 432 is slidably connected along the axial direction inside the inner pipe shoe 431. The piston 432 can abut against the inner walls of the inner pipe shoe 431 and the liner 42 and slide. The piston 432 successively includes an upper pressing plate 4321, an expanding rubber ring 4322, and a lower pressing plate 4323 from the upper end to the lower end of the liner 42. The upper pressing plate 4321 and the lower pressing plate 4323 clamp the expanding rubber ring 4322 and are connected and fixed through the cooperation of bolts 4324 and fixing nuts 4325. The peripheral side of the expanding rubber ring 4322 tightly abuts against the liner 42 and forms a sealing fit with the liner 42; the piston 432 is installed at the lower end of the liner 42, dividing the liner 42 into upper and lower cavity sections. A flushing liquid can be pre-injected into the cavity above the piston 432. When the soil sample column enters the liner 42 from the cavity below the piston 432, it can push the piston 432 to slide upward along the liner 42, pushing the flushing liquid to lift the steel ball 45. The flushing liquid enters the space between the inner pipe 41 of the drill tool and the outer pipe 51 of the drill tool from the inner cavity of the one-way ball valve seat 44, and finally is discharged along the water outlet hole 72 for lubrication; when the drill tool is lifted out of the drill hole after drilling, the steel ball 45 drops to close the channel between the one-way ball valve seat 44 and the liner 42, forming a sealed state inside the entire liner 42, ensuring that the soft plastic soil sample column will not slide out and fall from the liner 42 under the action of air pressure.

[0077] The implementation principle of Embodiment 1 of the present application is as follows: When taking undisturbed samples in the Quaternary soft sedimentary layer, the impact drilling method is adopted during drilling. The sampling hole is pre-excavated, and then the core drill tool is lowered to the bottom of the hole. The drill bit 7 contacts the bottom of the hole, and the lower end surface of the impact hammer 22 contacts the upper end of the hammer pad 24; by lifting the reducing joint 21 on the drill pipe 1, the impact hammer 22 and the water pipe 23 are driven to move upward synchronously. The water pipe 23 slides along the sliding column 3 until the inner step surface at the lower end of the impact hammer 22 impacts the bottom end of the concave platform 31. Stop lifting and release the drill pipe 1. The drill pipe 1, the reducing joint 21, the water pipe 23, and the impact hammer 22 slide and fall along the sliding column 3 under the action of gravity until the lower end of the impact hammer 22 impacts the hammer pad 24, thus realizing the downward impact action. The impact force of the impact hammer 22 is successively transmitted through the hammer pad 24 and the outer pipe 51 of the drill tool to the ring knife drill bit 71, thereby realizing that the ring knife drill bit 71 cuts into the formation at the bottom of the hole, and the soil sample column enters the inside of the ring knife drill bit 71. As the soil sample gradually enters the liner 42 from the ring knife drill bit 71 and the inner pipe shoe 431 in sequence, and pushes the piston 432 to move upward along the liner 42. If flushing liquid is used for drilling, the flushing liquid in the cavity of the liner 42 above the piston 432 is squeezed to lift the steel ball 45, and the flushing liquid is discharged from the inner cavity of the one-way ball valve seat 44 and enters the annular gap between the outer pipe 51 of the drill tool and the outer pipe 51 of the drill tool for discharge.

[0078] Repeat the above operation process until the soil sample column fills the entire liner 42, and the drilling and sampling process for one run can be completed. When the core barrel is lifted out of the borehole after drilling, the steel ball 45 drops to seal the passage between the one-way ball valve seat 44 and the liner 42, and a sealed state is formed within the entire liner 42, which can ensure that the soft plastic soil sample column will not slide out and fall from the liner 42.

[0079] The selection of the flushing fluid is based on the geology. For formations with greater drilling resistance or deeper boreholes, using flushing fluid during the hammering drilling process can play a role in lubricating to reduce formation resistance and balancing the pressure of the borehole wall.

[0080] When using flushing fluid hammering drilling, during impact drilling, high-pressure flushing fluid is introduced into one end of the drill pipe 1. The flushing fluid sequentially passes through the reducing joint 21, the water pipe 23, the sliding column 3, the hammer pad 24, the one-way ball valve seat 44, and finally enters the annular gap between the inner pipe 41 of the drill tool and the outer pipe 51 of the drill tool. While the core cutter bit 71 cuts downward, it is injected into the annular gap between the borehole and the drill tool along the water outlet holes 72 on the circumferential side of the core cutter bit 71, avoiding the flushing fluid from scouring the soil sample inside the core cutter bit 71, reducing the disturbance and pollution of the flushing fluid to the soil sample, improving the soil sample recovery rate, reducing the friction between the drill tool and the inner wall of the borehole, lubricating the bit 7, and carrying the bottom sediment back to the surface along the annular gap between the outer pipe 51 of the drill tool and the borehole. At the same time, undisturbed soil samples of better quality are obtained, and the recovery rate of undisturbed soil samples and the drilling efficiency are improved.

[0081] Example 2

[0082] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 7 In this embodiment of the present application, the difference from Embodiment 1 is that the sampling unit B further includes a single-acting mechanism 6. The single-acting mechanism 6 is located inside the outer pipe assembly 5, the inner pipe assembly 4 is located at the lower end of the single-acting mechanism 6, and the outer pipe assembly 5 is sleeved outside the inner pipe assembly 4 and is rotationally connected to the inner pipe assembly 4 through the single-acting mechanism 6. The single-acting mechanism 6 includes a mandrel 61, a lock nut 62, an upper thrust bearing 63, a bearing seat 64, a lower thrust bearing 65, a spring 66, an adjusting nut 67, and a spring sleeve 68, which are coaxially arranged. The upper end of the mandrel 61 is connected to the hammer pad 24 by a screw thread. The lock nut 62 is threadedly connected to the mandrel 61 and abuts against the lower end of the hammer pad 24 to lock the mandrel 61 and prevent the screw thread from loosening and falling off. At the same time, the length of the mandrel 61 extending out of the hammer pad 24 is adjusted through the screw thread at the upper end of the mandrel 61, thereby driving the inner pipe assembly 4 to move and controlling the gap size between the lower end of the inner pipe assembly 4 and the inner step of the bit 7.

[0083] Refer to Figure 7The lower end of the spindle 61 extends into the inner cavity of the drill tool outer tube 51 and is threadedly connected with the adjusting nut 67; the bearing seat 64 is sleeved on the spindle 61 and slidably connected along the axial direction, the upper thrust bearing 63 and the lower thrust bearing 65 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the bearing seat 64, and the bearing seat 64 is rotatably connected with the spindle 61 through the upper thrust bearing 63 and the lower thrust bearing 65; the spring sleeve 68 is arranged on the spindle 61 and is located between the lower thrust ball bearing and the adjusting nut 67, one end of the spring 66 abuts against the lower thrust bearing 65, and the other end abuts against the adjusting nut 67. The upper end of the spring sleeve 68 is threadedly connected to the bearing seat 64, and the lower end of the spring sleeve 68 is threadedly connected to the one-way ball valve seat 44; an oil nozzle 69 is installed on the side of the spring sleeve 68, and lubricating grease can be injected through the oil nozzle 69 to lubricate the lower thrust ball bearing and improve the single-action performance of the bearing seat 64.

[0084] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 7 A flushing liquid channel 8 connected to the hammer pad 24 is opened along the center axis 61 of the spindle 61, and a first water hole 611 and a second water hole 612 are opened on the circumferential side of the spindle 61. One end of the first water hole 611 is connected to the flushing liquid channel 8 of the spindle 61, and the other end is connected to the annular gap between the drill tool inner tube 41 and the drill tool outer tube 51; one end of the second water hole 612 is connected to the inner cavity of the one-way ball valve seat 44, and the other end is connected to the annular gap between the drill tool inner tube 41 and the drill tool outer tube 51.

[0085] The implementation principle of Example 2 of the present application is as follows: when rotary drilling is required or pulling is difficult, the hammer pad 24 rotates to drive the mandrel 61 and the outer tube assembly 5 to rotate synchronously, the inner tube assembly 4 is set as a whole with the spring sleeve 68 and the bearing seat 64, and the friction between the bearing seat 64 and the mandrel 61 is greatly reduced through the cooperation of the upper thrust ball bearing and the lower thrust ball bearing. The bearing seat 64 realizes the single-action function, and the pre-tightening force of the spring 66 on the lower thrust ball bearing is controlled by adjusting the upper and lower positions of the nut 67, thereby adjusting the single-action flexibility of the bearing seat 64. When the outer tube assembly 5 rotates, the inner tube assembly 4 is in a stationary state, which can effectively promote the smooth entry of the soil sample column into the liner 42. The outer tube 51 of the drilling tool rotates to facilitate drilling or pulling, while the liner 42 and the soil sample column remain stationary, reducing the disturbance effect on the soil sample column.

[0086] After completing a round of drilling and sampling process, when the coring drill is pulled out of the borehole, in order to ensure that the soil sample in the liner 42 is not disturbed, the threaded connection between the drill inner tube 41 and the spring sleeve 68 can be removed, the liner 42 can be pulled out of the drill inner tube 41, and the two ends of the liner 42 can be sealed to facilitate the original transportation and long-term storage of the soil sample.

[0087] Example 3

[0088] Embodiment 3 of this application is applicable to the drilling work of engineering geological exploration. For sampling drilling in loose and easily erodible gravelly soil, sand-gravel, and coarse sand strata, it is drilled in a rotary manner in cooperation with a flushing fluid.

[0089] Referring to Figure 8 and Figure 9 , the differences between the embodiment of this application and Embodiment 2 are as follows: The drill bit 7 is set as a bottom-jet drill bit 73. Polycrystalline diamond compact cutting teeth 731 are evenly distributed at the bottom end of the bottom-jet drill bit 73. The water outlet holes 72 and the polycrystalline diamond compact cutting teeth 731 are evenly distributed at intervals. The water outlet holes 72 are parallel to the central axis 61 line of the drill bit 7; the number of bucket water holes in the embodiment of this application is 6 groups, and the diameter of the water outlet holes 72 is 6 mm; the water outlet holes 72 can guide the flushing fluid to the bottom of the drill bit 7, lubricate the drill bit 7, and carry the rock powder sediment at the bottom of the hole back to the surface through the annular gap between the outer pipe 51 of the drill tool and the borehole.

[0090] Referring to Figure 10 , the feed seat 43 of this application is set as a spring-blocking seat 433. The inner side wall of the spring-blocking seat 433 is a concentric circular arc shape. Four groups of core baffles 434 distributed circumferentially along the spring-blocking seat 433 are hinged to the inner wall of the spring-blocking seat 433. The hinge axis of the core baffle 434 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the liner 42, and it is set as a spliceable sector arc plate, which can rotate along the hinge axis of its fixed end, and the rotation range is 0 - 90°. Under the action of gravity, the four groups of core baffles 434 are in a horizontal closed state.

[0091] The implementation principle of Embodiment 3 of this application is as follows: When sampling and drilling in loose and easily erodible gravelly soil, sand-gravel, and coarse sand strata, under the action of gravity, the core baffle 434 is in a horizontal closed state. When sampling, as the core or soil sample gradually enters and pushes up the core baffle 434, the core baffle 434 rotates along the hinge axis towards the impact mechanism 2 side until it reaches the vertical state and fits against the inner side wall of the spring-blocking seat 433, facilitating the entry of the loose core or soil sample column into the liner 42. After the drilling is completed and the drill tool is lifted, the loose core or soil sample column in the liner 42 slides downwards and presses the core baffle 434 to rotate reversely along the hinge axis and reset until the core baffle 434 rotates to the horizontal state, forming a closed blocking section to seal the bottom end of the liner 42 and prevent the loose core or soil sample from falling or spilling from the opening at the bottom end of the liner 42, thereby protecting the core or soil sample.

[0092] At the same time, according to different geological conditions, a combination of rotary and impact downpressure can also be adopted. By pressing or lifting the impact hammer 22 in the vertical direction through the drill pipe 1, pressurized rotary drilling or decompressed rotary drilling can be achieved. By lifting and lowering the impact hammer 22 through the drill pipe 1, impact rotary drilling can be achieved.

[0093] The water outlet 72 guides the flushing fluid to the bottom of the bottom jet drill bit 73, lubricates the drill bit 7 and carries the rock powder sediment at the bottom of the hole back to the surface from the annular gap between the drill tool outer tube 51 and the borehole, reducing the scouring of the flushing fluid on the loose core and soil samples entering the drill bit 7, thereby improving the sampling rate and drilling speed.

[0094] Example 4

[0095] Embodiment 4 of the present application is applicable to solid mineral exploration drilling work, which is mainly based on rock coring work, and generally uses coring drill tools with flushing fluid to drill in a rotary manner.

[0096] Reference Figure 11 and Figure 12 , the difference between the embodiment of the present application and the embodiment 2 is that: the drill bit 7 is set as a side jet drill bit 74, the side jet drill bit 74 includes a diamond matrix 741, the diamond matrix 741 and the water outlet holes 72 are evenly spaced, the water outlet holes 72 are parallel to the central axis 61 of the diamond side jet drill bit 74, and are located inside the diamond side jet drill bit 74. The number of water outlet holes 72 in the embodiment of the present application is set to 6 groups, the water outlet holes 72 are 3mm deep and 16mm wide, and the water outlet holes 72 can drain the flushing liquid to the inside of the drill bit 7, lubricate the drill bit 7 and carry the sediment generated by the rock crushing of the drill bit 7 at the bottom of the hole back to the surface from the annular gap between the drill tool outer tube 51 and the borehole;

[0097] Reference Figure 13 The feed seat 43 is configured as a spring retaining seat 435, and a spring retaining ring 436 is coaxially slidably disposed in the inner cavity of the spring retaining seat 435. The inner wall of the spring retaining seat 435 is a conical surface, and the inner cavity of the spring retaining seat 435 is configured as a conical cavity, and the cross section of the conical cavity is smaller at one end away from the impact mechanism 2 than at the other end. The conicity of the conical surface of the spring retaining seat 435 in the embodiment of the present application is 2.5-3°, and the spring retaining ring 436 can move up and down within a certain range along the conical surface of the spring retaining seat 435; when the spring retaining ring 436 is moved upward, the spring retaining ring 436 is restrained by the conical surface of the spring retaining seat 435, and the spring retaining ring 436 can expand outward in the radial direction; when the spring retaining ring 436 is moved downward, the spring retaining ring 436 is restrained by the conical surface of the spring retaining seat 435, and can be tightened inward in the radial direction.

[0098] The implementation principle of Example 4 of the present application is as follows: when drilling into harder formations, as the core column is drilled from the side jet drill bit 74 into the retaining spring seat 435 and pushes the retaining spring 436 upward, the retaining spring 436 is restrained by the conical surface of the retaining spring seat 435 and weakened, and the retaining spring 436 expands outward in the radial direction until the retaining spring 436 abuts against the inner wall of the liner 42, and the core column passes through the retaining spring 436 and enters the liner 42 for storage, at which time the retaining spring 436 is tightly held against the core column.

[0099] After coring is completed, the outer pipe 51 of the drill string is lifted upward. The inner pipe assembly 4 moves upward synchronously with the outer pipe 51 of the drill string through the single-action mechanism 6. Since the retaining spring 436 holds the core column tightly, the retaining spring 436 moves downward relative to the retaining spring seat 435. The retaining spring 436 is radially constrained by the conical surface of the retaining spring seat 435 and can be tightened inward, and the holding force of the retaining spring 436 on the core becomes greater and greater. As the outer pipe 51 of the drill string continues to be lifted upward, the retaining spring seat 435 forces the inner pipe assembly 4 to compress the spring 66 downward with the bearing seat 64, and the inner pipe assembly 4 moves downward relative to the outer pipe 51 of the drill string until the lower end of the retaining spring seat 435 contacts the inner step of the diamond side jet bit 74. At this time, when the outer pipe 51 of the drill string is continuously lifted upward, the tensile resistance of the core column acting on the retaining spring 436 and the retaining spring seat 435 is transmitted to the diamond side jet bit 74. When the upward lifting force of the diamond side jet bit 74 exceeds the tensile resistance limit of the core column, the core column is broken off. At the same time, the retaining spring 436 has been stuck with the core column, preventing the core column from falling out of the liner 42. The water outlet hole 72 diverts the flushing fluid to the inside of the bit 7, and the flushing fluid flushes and lubricates the side surface of the core entering the inside of the bit 7, which is beneficial for the core to enter the inner pipe 41 of the drill string. When coring and drilling in harder rock formations, using the diamond side jet bit 74 in cooperation with the retaining spring seat 435 and the retaining spring 436 can obtain a higher recovery rate and drilling speed.

[0100] At the same time, according to different geological conditions, rotation and impact down pressure can also be combined. By pressing down or lifting the impact hammer 22 vertically through the drill pipe 1, pressure rotary drilling or reduced-pressure rotary drilling can be achieved. By lifting and lowering the impact hammer 22 through the drill pipe 1, impact rotary drilling can be achieved.

[0101] Embodiment 5

[0102] The embodiment of the present application is used to handle the sticking accident during drilling.

[0103] Refer to Figure 1 , the difference between the embodiment of the present application and Embodiment 2 is that: one end of the drill pipe 1 extending out of the borehole provides a rotary force through a rotary machine, and at the same time, high-pressure flushing fluid is introduced and the drill pipe 1 is lifted. They work simultaneously or in corresponding cooperation, and the sticking is released by using the method of upper and lower hammering vibration or the method of hammering plus rotation.

[0104] The implementation principle of Embodiment 5 of the present application is as follows: The drill pipe 1 is quickly lifted upward. The drill pipe 1 drives the reducing joint 21 and the impact hammer 22 to quickly move upward along the sliding column 3. The inner table at the lower end of the impact hammer 22 impacts the upper end of the concave platform 31 upward, and the upward impact action can be achieved to release the drill pipe 1. The drill pipe 1, the reducing joint 21 and the impact hammer 22 fall along the sliding column 3 by gravity, and the lower end of the impact hammer 22 impacts the hammer pad 24, thereby achieving the downward impact action. Repeating the above actions can form the up and down impact vibration of the outer pipe 51 of the drill string, which is convenient for the rock powder, sediment or rock fragments in the gap between the drill string and the hole wall to fall through vibration, so as to achieve the release of the drill string and extract the drill string.

[0105] Under the above pipe sticking releasing method, the drill pipe 1 is adjusted to rotate, so that the outer pipe 51 of the drill string rotates synchronously. Under the action of centrifugal force, the fragments on the outer pipe 51 of the drill string are thrown off, facilitating the release of the drill string and the extraction of the drill string.

[0106] Under the above pipe sticking releasing method, during the process of hammering vibration and rotation, the flushing fluid is introduced to reduce the friction between the outer pipe 51 of the drill string and the hole wall, and can also cool down the outer pipe 51 of the drill string that generates heat due to friction, facilitating the release of the drill string and the extraction of the drill string.

[0107] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application. The protection scope of this application is not limited thereby. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of this application shall be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A core barrel, characterized in that: It includes a kinetic energy unit and a sampling unit arranged along the same axis; The kinetic energy unit comprises a coaxially arranged drill rod, an impact mechanism and a sliding column; one end of the drill rod is fixed to one end of the impact mechanism, and the other end extends out of the drill hole; one end of the sliding column is coaxially slidably connected with the end of the impact mechanism away from the drill rod, and the other end is fixed on the sampling unit; the sliding column and the impact mechanism rotate simultaneously along the circumferential direction and are in a relatively static state along the circumferential direction; The sampling unit comprises an inner tube assembly, an outer tube assembly and a drill bit which are coaxially arranged, wherein the outer tube assembly is sleeved outside the inner tube assembly and is rotatably connected to the inner tube assembly, one end of the outer tube assembly is connected to the sliding column, and the other end is connected to the drill bit; the end of the inner tube assembly close to the drill bit is used for rock and soil samples to enter and be stored; The impact mechanism comprises a coaxially arranged reducer, a hammer, a water pipe and a hammer pad; The drill pipe is connected to the hammer through a reducing joint, and the sliding column is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the hammer; One end of the water pipe is connected to the drill pipe through a reducing joint, and the other end extends into the inner cavity of the sliding column and is slidably connected; The hammer pad is fixed on the end of the outer tube assembly close to the hammer, and the end of the sliding column away from the hammer is fixed on the outer tube assembly through the hammer pad; The sliding column includes a concave platform and a guide column arranged in a "T" shape, one end of the concave platform penetrates into the inner cavity of the hammer and is slidably connected, and the side wall of the hammer is provided with air holes connected to the inner cavity of the hammer near both ends, and the two air holes are respectively arranged at the upper and lower sides of the concave platform; the guide column is arranged as a prism, and the end of the hammer near the hammer pad is provided with a prismatic hole matched with the prism; The inner tube assembly comprises a drilling tool inner tube, a liner and a feed seat.

2. The coring drill tool according to claim 1, wherein: The outer tube assembly includes a drilling tool outer tube and a reamer; One end of the drill tool outer tube is connected to the hammer pad, and the other end is coaxially connected to the reamer, the outer diameter of the reamer is larger than the outer diameter of the drill tool outer tube; the drill bit is arranged on the side of the reamer away from the drill tool outer tube; The inner tube of the drill tool is coaxially rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the outer tube of the drill tool, and the liner is coaxially arranged in the inner cavity of the inner tube of the drill tool; the feed seat is arranged at one end of the inner tube of the drill tool away from the impact mechanism, and the inner diameter of the feed seat is the same as the inner diameter of the liner.

3. The coring tool according to claim 2, wherein: A one-way ball valve seat is arranged at one end of the hammer pad away from the sliding column. The inner cavity of the one-way ball valve seat is connected with the liner and is provided with a steel ball. The inner cavity of the one-way ball valve seat is connected with the annular gap between the inner tube and the outer tube of the drill tool. The one-way ball valve seat relies on the gravity of the steel ball itself to realize the one-way sealing function of the liner.

4. The core drill according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sampling unit further comprises a single-action mechanism connecting the outer tube of the drilling tool and the inner tube of the drilling tool; the single-action mechanism comprises a spindle, an upper thrust bearing, a bearing seat, a lower thrust bearing, a spring, an adjusting nut and a spring sleeve; One end of the mandrel is fixed to the hammer pad, and the other end extends into the inner cavity of the outer tube of the drilling tool and is threadedly connected to the adjusting nut; The bearing housing is coaxially sleeved on the mandrel. The upper thrust bearing and the lower thrust bearing are respectively arranged at both ends of the bearing housing, and the bearing housing is connected to the mandrel through the upper thrust bearing and the lower thrust bearing. The spring is sleeved on the mandrel, one end of the spring abuts against the lower thrust bearing, and the other end abuts against the adjusting nut. The spring sleeve is sleeved on the mandrel, one end of which is connected to the bearing housing, and the other end is connected to the inner pipe of the drill tool. The one-way ball valve seat is arranged at the lower end of the spring sleeve.

5. The core drill according to claim 4, characterized in that: It further includes a flushing fluid circulation system. The drill pipe, the reducing joint, the water pipe, the sliding column, the hammer pad and the mandrel are all provided with flushing fluid channels communicating with each other in sequence along the central axis. A first water through hole and a second water through hole are formed on the circumferential side of the mandrel. One end of the first water through hole communicates with the inner cavity of the mandrel, and the other end communicates with the annular gap between the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the drill tool. One end of the second water through hole communicates with the liner, and the other end communicates with the annular gap between the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the drill tool. The drill bit is provided with a water outlet hole. One end of the water outlet hole communicates with the annular gap between the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the drill tool, and the other end is used for communicating with the annular gap between the drill hole and the drill tool.

6. The coring tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drill bit is set as a ring knife drill bit, and the water outlet hole is arranged on the side of the ring knife drill bit. The feeding seat is set as an inner pipe shoe, and a piston is slidably connected along the axial direction inside the inner pipe shoe. The piston can abut against the inner wall of the inner pipe shoe and the liner and slide.

7. The coring drill tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drill bit is set as a bottom spray drill bit, and the water outlet hole is parallel to the central axis of the drill tool. The feeding seat is set as a spring retaining seat, and a plurality of core baffles distributed along the circumferential direction of the spring retaining seat are hinged on the inner wall of the spring retaining seat. The hinge axis of the core baffle is perpendicular to the axial direction of the liner and is set as a spliceable sector arc plate. The core baffle can rotate from the spliced state towards the side close to the impact mechanism.

8. A coring drill according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drill bit is set as a side spray drill bit, and the water outlet hole is arranged inside the side spray drill bit and is parallel to the central axis of the drill tool. The feeding seat is set as a collet seat, and a collet is slidably arranged coaxially inside the collet seat. The inner cavity of the collet seat is set as a conical cavity, and the cross section of the conical cavity at the end far from the impact mechanism is smaller than that at the other end.

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