A tunnel ventilation and smoke extraction system

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application provides a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system, comprising: a pipeline power lifting device, which is installed at intervals in the middle part of a smoke exhaust duct, two ends of the smoke exhaust duct are respectively a first end section and a second end section of the smoke exhaust duct, and one pipeline power lifting section is between every two pipeline power lifting devices; a monitoring system, the first end section of the smoke exhaust duct corresponds to the position of the first end section of a traffic lane, the second end section of the smoke exhaust duct corresponds to the position of the second end section of the traffic lane, and the pipeline power lifting section of each smoke exhaust duct corresponds to the position of a middle small section of the traffic lane one by one; and a plurality of section control modules, which are used for controlling the smoke exhaust device of the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system to start smoke exhaust according to a preset section smoke exhaust mode when a fire occurs in the corresponding section of the traffic lane. The embodiment of the present application can start the corresponding preset section smoke exhaust mode for smoke exhaust according to the position of the fire.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust, in particular to a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system. BACKGROUND

[0002] A tunnel is an engineering structure embedded in the stratum; it can be divided into underground tunnels, mountain tunnels, underwater tunnels, etc. according to the excavation position; and it can be divided into railway tunnels, intercity tunnels, tram tunnels, subway tunnels, highway tunnels, pedestrian tunnels, etc. according to the use. Reasonable and effective ventilation and smoke exhaust measures can provide fresh air, remove toxic and harmful gases, and remove and control smoke in the tunnel, which is crucial to the safe operation of the tunnel. When a fixed-point smoke exhaust system is used in a long and large tunnel, the smoke exhaust effect is limited by the fixed parameters of the smoke exhaust fan and the distance of the fire point. During a fire, excessive wind speed may cause local smoke suction in the smoke exhaust pipe or a sharp decrease in smoke exhaust volume due to low wind pressure in some sections, and the system's smoke exhaust capacity output stability is poor. The smoke exhaust mode is single, and there is no coping strategy for the situation of secondary combustion causing "jumping" spread of fire during the flow of burning materials. The detection and alarm capability is weak, and the intelligent level is low, and the specific problems are as follows:

[0003] (1) The traditional fixed-point smoke exhaust system is jointly restricted by the operating parameters of the equipment itself and the location of the fire source. In some sections, the system output stability is poor, and the phenomena of suction or insufficient smoke exhaust volume easily occur, and the smoke exhaust capacity is greatly reduced.

[0004] (2) The existing smoke exhaust system has low intelligence, simple mode, and cannot monitor and determine the difference between the actual working performance curve of the smoke exhaust pipeline and the design smoke exhaust state curve and the corresponding adjustment strategy.

[0005] (3) The fire alarm system has weak fire source detection and fire tracking capability, and cannot track and judge the situation of secondary combustion causing "jumping" spread of fire during the flow of burning materials.

[0006] (4) When the smoke exhaust working condition is executed, the smoke exhaust efficiency at each smoke exhaust port cannot be monitored, and the system smoke exhaust efficiency cannot be determined. SUMMARY

[0007] In order to solve one of the above technical defects, a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system is provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0008] According to the embodiments of the present application, a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system is provided, which comprises:

[0009] A plurality of pipeline power lifting devices are installed at intervals in the middle part of the smoke exhaust duct, and the two ends of the smoke exhaust duct are respectively a first end head section of the smoke exhaust duct and a second end head section of the smoke exhaust duct. There is one pipeline power lifting section between every two pipeline power lifting devices.

[0010] A monitoring system is used to monitor the location of a fire occurring in a driving lane of a tunnel, a first end section of the smoke exhaust duct corresponds to the location of a first end section of the driving lane, a second end section of the smoke exhaust duct corresponds to the location of a second end section of the driving lane, and a duct power lifting section of each of the smoke exhaust ducts corresponds to the location of a middle section of the driving lane;

[0011] A plurality of section control modules correspond to each section of the driving lane, the sections of the driving lane include the first end section of the driving lane, the second end section of the driving lane, and the middle section of the driving lane; wherein the section control module is used to control the smoke exhaust device of the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system to start smoke exhaust according to a preset section smoke exhaust mode when a fire occurs in the section of the driving lane corresponding thereto.

[0012] By using the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system control system provided in the embodiments of the present application, the first end section, the second end section, and the plurality of duct power lifting sections of the smoke exhaust duct correspond to the first end section, the second end section, and the middle section of the driving lane. Each section control module also corresponds to each section of the driving lane. Through the cooperation of the monitoring system and each section control module, when a fire occurs in any section of the driving lane, the preset section smoke exhaust mode corresponding to the location of the fire is started to exhaust smoke, so that after the fire occurs, the corresponding preset section smoke exhaust mode can be quickly started to exhaust smoke according to the location of the fire, and the smoke exhaust mode can be dynamically adjusted in real time in combination with the feedback data of the related sensors, so as to ensure that the smoke exhaust system is in an efficient operation state and improve the smoke exhaust efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the present application, constitute a part of the present application and illustrate the illustrative embodiments of the present application and their description serve to explain the present application, and do not constitute improper limitations on the present application. In the drawings:

[0014] Figure 1 A ventilation and smoke exhaust system diagram provided by the duct power lifting device of the embodiments of the present application and the dynamic linkage of the smoke exhaust fan;

[0015] Figure 2 A tunnel cross-sectional arrangement diagram provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0016] Figure 3 A smoke exhaust control system architecture diagram provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0017] The figure mark: ventilation and smoke exhaust shaft 1, dynamic fan interlocking air valve 2, ventilation and smoke exhaust fan 3, smoke exhaust duct 41, lane 42, smoke exhaust duct booster 6, normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve 8, tunnel 9, fire source point 10, distributed temperature sensing cable 11, high-definition pan-tilt camera with position encoding 12, air volume and pressure sensor 13, CO2 sensor 14, manual alarm button 15, on-site controller 16, smoke exhaust control box 17. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present application clearer, the exemplary embodiments of the present application are further described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0019] In the process of implementing the present application, the inventors found that in the prior art, the fixed-point smoke exhaust system is jointly restricted by the equipment's own operating parameters and the fire source position. In some sections, the system output stability is poor, and the suction or smoke exhaust volume is insufficient, which greatly reduces the smoke exhaust capacity.

[0020] In view of the above problems, a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system is provided in the embodiments of the present application, as shown in the figure, which comprises a monitoring system, a plurality of pipeline power lifting devices, a plurality of section control modules and a smoke exhaust device. Figures 1 to 3

[0021] The tunnel 9 comprises a lane 42 and a smoke exhaust duct 41, and the lane 42 and the smoke exhaust duct 41 are separated by a partition wall or a partition plate. The smoke exhaust duct 41 is divided into three parts, and the two ends of the smoke exhaust duct are respectively a first end head section of the smoke exhaust duct and a second end head section of the smoke exhaust duct. The middle part of the smoke exhaust duct is relatively long. In the middle part of the smoke exhaust duct, a plurality of pipeline power lifting devices are installed at intervals, and each two pipeline power lifting devices form a pipeline power lifting section. In this way, each pipeline power lifting section is arranged in sequence at the middle part of the smoke exhaust duct.

[0022] Correspondingly, the first end head section of the smoke exhaust duct corresponds to the first end head section of the lane, the second end head section of the smoke exhaust duct corresponds to the second end head section of the lane, and each pipeline power lifting section of the smoke exhaust duct corresponds to each middle section of the lane.

[0023] That is, the first end head section of the smoke exhaust duct corresponds to the first end head section of the lane, the second end head section of the smoke exhaust duct corresponds to the second end head section of the lane, and each pipeline power lifting section of the smoke exhaust duct corresponds to each middle section of the lane.

[0024] ​The monitoring system is used for monitoring the position of a fire occurring in a lane of a tunnel. Specifically, the monitoring system is used for monitoring the position of a fire occurring in a first end section of the lane, a second end section of the lane, or a specific intermediate section of the lane.

[0025] The section control module corresponds to each section of the lane. When a fire occurs in the section corresponding to the section control module, the section control module controls the smoke exhaust device of the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system to perform smoke exhaust according to a preset section smoke exhaust mode.

[0026] The tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system of the embodiment of the application corresponds the first end section, the second end section and the plurality of pipe power lifting sections of the smoke exhaust duct to the first end section, the second end section and the intermediate section of the lane. The section control module corresponds to each section of the lane. Through cooperation of the monitoring system and the section control module, when a fire occurs in any section of the lane, the preset section smoke exhaust mode corresponding to the position of the fire is started to perform smoke exhaust, so that after the fire occurs, the preset section smoke exhaust mode corresponding to the position of the fire can be quickly started to perform smoke exhaust.

[0027] In the implementation, the section control module includes:

[0028] The first end section control module corresponds to the first end section of the lane, and is used for starting smoke exhaust according to a preset first end section smoke exhaust mode when a fire occurs in the first end section of the lane.

[0029] The second end section control module corresponds to the second end section of the lane, and is used for starting smoke exhaust according to a preset second end section smoke exhaust mode when a fire occurs in the second end section of the lane.

[0030] The plurality of pipe power lifting section control modules correspond to the intermediate sections of the lane. Each pipe power lifting section control module is used for starting smoke exhaust according to a preset pipe power lifting section smoke exhaust mode when a fire occurs in the intermediate section of the lane.

[0031] Through different specific contents of the preset section smoke exhaust mode, targeted smoke exhaust is achieved. For example, the specific content of the preset section smoke exhaust mode of the intermediate section of the lane located at the most central position of the lane is very different from the specific content of the preset section smoke exhaust mode of the intermediate section of the lane located at the most edge position, and targeted smoke exhaust is achieved.

[0032] In the implementation, as shown in the accompanying drawings, the smoke exhaust device includes: Figures 1 to 3

[0033] ​Two ventilation and smoke exhaust fans 3 are arranged at both ends of the smoke exhaust duct 41 of the tunnel respectively;

[0034] A plurality of normally closed electric smoke exhaust valves 8 are arranged along the length direction of the tunnel and arranged at the smoke exhaust duct and the lane partition wall or partition plate of the tunnel; the normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve 8 has a closed state and an open state;

[0035] The pipe power lifting device;

[0036] The segment control module is used for controlling the ventilation and smoke exhaust fan, the normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve and the pipe power lifting device to perform smoke exhaust according to the preset segment smoke exhaust mode.

[0037] Specifically, if the fire occurs in the first end head segment of the lane, the monitoring system monitors that the fire occurs in the first end head segment of the lane. The first end head segment control module corresponding to the first end head segment of the lane controls the smoke exhaust device of the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system to start smoke exhaust according to the preset first end head segment smoke exhaust mode.

[0038] In the implementation, the control range L1 of the first end head segment control module is the length of the first end head segment of the lane, and the control range L3 of the second end head segment control module is the length of the second end head segment of the lane; L1 and L3 satisfy the following relationship:

[0039]

[0040]

[0041] P--total power provided by one ventilation and smoke exhaust fan, unit: pa;

[0042] P y --resistance per meter of the smoke exhaust duct, unit: pa / m;

[0043] P z --smoke exhaust duct resistance, which is the resistance along the path in the smoke exhaust duct and the local resistance in the smoke exhaust duct, unit: pa;

[0044] P q --other resistance, which is the sum of other resistances except the smoke exhaust duct, unit: pa;

[0045] L--length of the smoke exhaust duct, units of L1, L3 and L are meters.

[0046] In the implementation, the sum L2 of the control ranges of the pipe power lifting segment control modules is the sum of the lengths of the middle small segments of the lanes;

[0047] L2=total length of the lane-L1-L3, the lengths of the smoke exhaust duct and the lane are equal.

[0048] Specifically, the control module numbers corresponding to the left and right ends of the tunnel are the first end section control module ML1 and the second end section control module ML3 respectively. When the number of pipeline power lifting devices is n, the number of pipeline power lifting control section modules in the smoke exhaust duct is n-1, and the control module numbers are ML21, ML22, ML23,..., ML2 n-1 .

[0049] In this way, the length of the first end section of the driving lane, the length of the second end section of the driving lane, and the division of the middle part of the driving lane are realized, providing a basis for subsequent.

[0050] Specifically, the ventilation and smoke exhaust fan adopts a movable blade adjustable ventilation and smoke exhaust fan. The movable blade adjustable ventilation and smoke exhaust fan is arranged in the tunnel equipment room and is a one-way fan. During a fire, it is started at a power frequency. According to the smoke exhaust pipeline and the pipe network resistance curve corresponding to the fire point position, the hydraulic mechanism drives the blade to adjust the blade angle, and changes the real-time performance curve of the fan.

[0051] The normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve is arranged at the partition wall or partition plate between the smoke exhaust duct and the driving lane, and is arranged at equal distances along the smoke exhaust duct. The size and number of the smoke exhaust valve are determined according to the smoke control length, the smoke exhaust volume and the interval.

[0052] The pipeline power lifting device is fixedly installed in the smoke exhaust duct, can be remotely and locally controlled, is closed in normal times, and can be bidirectionally power lifted.

[0053] In the implementation, the monitoring system includes a cloud monitoring fire control platform and a fire monitoring and alarm device, and the fire monitoring and alarm device includes:

[0054] A fire alarm detector is distributed along the length direction of the driving lane and is connected with the cloud monitoring fire control platform, and is used for detecting the position of the fire occurring in the driving lane;

[0055] A plurality of high-definition pan-tilt cameras 12 with position encoding are arranged at intervals along the side wall of the driving lane and are connected with the cloud monitoring fire control platform;

[0056] A visual monitoring platform is connected with the high-definition pan-tilt camera;

[0057] The cloud monitoring fire control platform is used for controlling the high-definition pan-tilt camera near the position of the fire to perform secondary positioning on the position of the fire according to the signal of the fire alarm detector, and the visual monitoring platform presents the position of the fire to the cloud monitoring fire control platform in a visual manner.

[0058] The cloud monitoring fire control platform is also used for starting the section control module corresponding to the section of the driving lane where the fire occurs according to the position of the fire confirmed by the artificial.

[0059] In this way, the final confirmation of the fire location includes the detection of the fire location by the fire alarm detector, the visual display by the high-definition pan-tilt camera + visual monitoring platform, and manual confirmation, three links, so that the confirmation procedure of the fire and its location is reasonable, and it can be ensured that misjudgment will not occur.

[0060] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 The distributed temperature sensing optical cable detector is laid on the top of the tunnel starting from 10 meters away from the opening. Two distributed temperature sensing optical cables 11 are arranged on the top of each driving lane of the main line tunnel, one distributed temperature sensing optical cable is arranged on the top of the driving lane of the ramp tunnel, one distributed temperature sensing optical cable is arranged on the top of the longitudinal cable channel of the main line tunnel, one distributed temperature sensing optical cable is arranged on the top of the longitudinal maintenance channel of the main line tunnel, and one distributed temperature sensing optical cable detector is arranged on both sides of the 10kv high-voltage cable slot box of the cable channel for cable temperature measurement.

[0061] The distributed temperature sensing optical cable alarm host is arranged near the end of the tunnel, and data transmission and fire reporting are performed with the monitoring center through the PLC industrial ring network in the tunnel.

[0062] Specifically, the pan-tilt high-definition camera with position coding is used for video acquisition, supports full-spectrum flame detection, extremely fast flame detection, long detection distance, and high detection sensitivity. It is arranged on the top of the tunnel, and the interval value range is greater than or equal to 50m and less than or equal to 200m. The video is transmitted to the image fire alarm host, the event detection host and the video monitoring host through the optical fiber and the switch. The image fire alarm host can complete fire alarm through image recognition, and transmit the alarm information to the tunnel cloud monitoring fire platform through the remote linkage monitoring host. The event detection host can complete event detection through image recognition, and transmit the traffic event information to the tunnel cloud monitoring fire platform through the remote linkage monitoring host. The video monitoring host transmits the video to the tunnel cloud monitoring fire platform. The tunnel cloud monitoring fire platform displays the video image and alarm information, and records the data in the database. The camera integrates fire alarm, event detection and video monitoring into one, accurately judges the fire alarm and gives an alarm signal in time, reduces the false alarm rate, and improves the anti-interference performance of the alarm system.

[0063] Specifically, the visual monitoring platform is used to draw tunnel modeling by using a GIS engine, present the overall situation of the tunnel and the operation of all devices, and visualize the dynamic situation of the tunnel, so that the staff in the monitoring center can understand the tunnel-related situation in real time, and can directly display the panorama of the disaster occurrence point and give a targeted treatment scheme in the event of a fire. The entire platform realizes geographic information, time linkage, system management, application support, and mutual fusion with the fire alarm system, and according to the alarm information, the corresponding PTZ camera is turned to the fire alarm point to position the fire position again, and the positioning feedback is presented to the monitoring center where the cloud monitoring fire platform is located in a visual manner, so as to realize accurate positioning.

[0064] In the implementation, as shown in Figure 2 The fire monitoring and alarm device further comprises:

[0065] The air volume and pressure sensor 13 is in one-to-one correspondence with the normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve and is connected with the cloud monitoring fire platform; and is fixed at the corresponding normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve.

[0066] The CO2 sensor 14 is in one-to-one correspondence with the normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve and is connected with the cloud monitoring fire platform; and is fixed at the corresponding normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve; wherein the CO2 sensor collects the CO2 concentration in the exhaust gas at the electric smoke exhaust valve in real time and feeds back to the cloud monitoring fire platform.

[0067] The cloud monitoring fire platform is further used for:

[0068] According to the CO2 concentration collected by the CO2 sensor at the electric smoke exhaust valve, and in combination with the captured image of the high-definition PTZ camera to determine the smoke flow trend, the smoke exhaust efficiency of the started electric smoke exhaust valve in the fire point area is remotely monitored dynamically.

[0069] According to the CO2 concentration value feedback, the actual smoke exhaust is dynamically adjusted, including closing the electric smoke exhaust valve with low CO2 concentration value and opening the adjacent electric smoke exhaust valve with high CO2 concentration value.

[0070] In this way, after starting the smoke exhaust according to the fire occurrence position and in accordance with the preset segment smoke exhaust mode, the actual smoke exhaust is not fixed. Instead, the actual smoke exhaust can be dynamically adjusted according to the CO2 concentration value feedback, including closing the electric smoke exhaust valve with low CO2 concentration value and opening the adjacent electric smoke exhaust valve with high CO2 concentration value. The cooperation of the air volume and pressure sensor, the CO2 sensor, and the cloud monitoring fire platform enables the electric smoke exhaust valve to be adjusted again after the corresponding preset segment smoke exhaust mode is started, so that the actual smoke exhaust is matched with the actual situation, and the smoke exhaust effectiveness is improved.

[0071] Specifically, the airflow and pressure sensor 13 and the CO2 sensor 14 are both wall-mounted and fixed to normally closed electric smoke exhaust valves, with the number of such valves matching the number of normally closed electric smoke exhaust valves. To achieve remote real-time monitoring of the data from the airflow and pressure sensor 13 and the CO2 sensor 14, data is first collected from the intelligent sensors. Using tunnel PLC industrial ring network or 5G wireless communication technology, all sensors in the tunnel are connected to the monitoring center and the internet cloud for data transmission, analysis, and storage. Sensor parameters, measurement data, and alarm information are displayed through an internet client.

[0072] During implementation, such as Figure 2 As shown, the fire monitoring and alarm device also includes:

[0073] Manual alarm button 15, which is installed on the tunnel sidewall, is used to send manual alarm signals to the monitoring center where the monitoring system is located;

[0074] The fire alarm controller is used to collect alarm signals from manual alarms and various detectors, and then centrally report and transmit them to the monitoring center where the cloud monitoring fire protection platform is located.

[0075] A fire alarm controller is a field area alarm terminal that is responsible for collecting alarm signals from manual alarms and various detectors and then centrally reporting and transmitting them to the monitoring center of the cloud monitoring fire protection platform.

[0076] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the monitoring system also includes:

[0077] The field controller 16 is installed on the side wall of the cable corridor and is used to control the opening and closing of the field electric smoke exhaust valve and the pipeline power lifting device;

[0078] The smoke exhaust control box 17 is connected to the normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve and is used to control the normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve.

[0079] Specifically, the smoke exhaust control box is a local control box with a built-in PLC controller. It is responsible for receiving instructions from the monitoring center and issuing start, adjustment, and stop commands to the on-site fans and valves to realize the control and status feedback of the on-site equipment.

[0080] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the pipeline power lifting device further includes:

[0081] The exhaust duct pressurization device 6 is used to increase the power in the exhaust duct and overcome resistance.

[0082] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the pipeline power lifting device further includes:

[0083] ventilating and smoke exhaust shafts 1 arranged at both ends of the smoke exhaust ducts;

[0084] variable air volume fan interlocking damper 2 arranged on the ventilating and smoke exhaust shafts.

[0085] In the implementation, when it is detected that a fire occurs in the middle section of the driving lane, the preset duct power boosting section smoke exhaust mode of the duct power boosting section control module includes:

[0086] controlling all duct power boosting devices to be turned on, and the airflow of the duct power boosting devices upstream of the fire source point to be in the direction from the fire source point to the upstream ventilating and smoke exhaust fan, and the airflow of the duct power boosting devices downstream of the fire source point to be in the direction from the fire source point to the downstream ventilating and smoke exhaust fan;

[0087] controlling the ventilating and smoke exhaust fans to be turned on, and checking the blade angle of the ventilating and smoke exhaust fans according to the air volume and pressure values fed back by the air volume and pressure sensors, the blade angle being fitted according to the fan performance dynamic curve and the dynamic performance curve in the smoke exhaust duct after the duct power boosting devices are turned on, and being controlled according to the actual air volume and pressure value deviation of the smoke exhaust port being within 10% of the design target value.

[0088] In the implementation, when it is detected that a fire occurs in the end section of the driving lane, the preset end section smoke exhaust mode of the end section control module includes:

[0089] a preset number of normally closed electric smoke exhaust valves within the preset range of the fire source point are started, and the ventilating and smoke exhaust fan on the same side as the fire location is started and the blade is opened to a preset angle;

[0090] The end section of the driving lane includes a first end section of the driving lane and a second end section of the driving lane, and the end section control module includes a first end section control module and a second end section control module. When a fire occurs in the first end section of the driving lane, a preset number of normally closed electric smoke exhaust valves within the preset range of the fire source point are started, and the ventilating and smoke exhaust fan at the end of the first end section of the smoke exhaust duct is started and the blade is opened to a preset angle. When a fire occurs in the second end section of the driving lane, a preset number of normally closed electric smoke exhaust valves within the preset range of the fire source point are started, and the ventilating and smoke exhaust fan at the end of the second end section of the smoke exhaust duct is started and the blade is opened to a preset angle.

[0091] Next, the working process of the tunnel ventilating and smoke exhaust system is described when a fire occurs at different positions of the driving lane.

[0092] When the fire occurs in the first end section of the driving lane, the temperature anomaly signal detected by the tunnel temperature fiber type detector is fed back to the monitoring center, and the cloud monitoring fire platform in the monitoring center immediately displays the alarm point position and the traffic distribution in the tunnel. Based on the detection instruction issued by the cloud monitoring fire platform, the coded high-definition camera in the tunnel immediately detects the holographic image of the fire area, feeds the captured real-time image to the cloud monitoring fire platform in the monitoring center, and corrects the fire occurrence position after the image is projected and positioned. The cloud monitoring fire platform starts the real-time fire source tracking feedback function, notifies the artificial trigger fire linkage mode, and after the artificial confirmation, controls the smoke exhaust device of the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system to start the smoke exhaust according to the first end section smoke exhaust mode preset by the first end section control module. The first end section smoke exhaust mode can include the start of a preset number of normally closed electric smoke exhaust valves within the preset range of the fire point, the start of the ventilation and smoke exhaust fan on the same side and the opening of the blade to a preset angle. The wind volume and pressure sensors in the smoke exhaust pipeline real-time feed monitoring data to the comprehensive monitoring center, and the cloud monitoring calculation platform immediately draws the real-time dynamic performance curve of the pipeline based on the sensor feedback data and calculates the blade angle correction parameter. The blade angle of the adjustable ventilation and smoke exhaust fan is corrected through the hydraulic adjusting device and transmission mechanism, the performance dynamic curve of the fan is adjusted to fit the dynamic performance curve of the smoke exhaust pipeline, and after adjustment, the actual wind volume and pressure value deviation of the smoke exhaust port is within 10% of the design target value.

[0093] The real-time fire source tracking feedback function started by the cloud monitoring fire platform continuously captures images in all directions to determine the real-time position of the fire source and the smoke flow trend, so as to monitor the secondary combustion and fire spread caused by the flow of burning materials. The CO2 sensor real-time collects the CO2 concentration in the exhaust gas at the electric smoke exhaust valve and feeds back to the GIS platform of the monitoring center. The platform real-time detects and evaluates the smoke exhaust efficiency of the electric smoke exhaust valve started in the fire point area, judges the control strategy according to the CO2 concentration value feedback, closes the electric smoke exhaust valve with low CO2 concentration value, opens the adjacent electric smoke exhaust valve with high CO2 concentration value, and improves the effective smoke exhaust efficiency of the electric smoke exhaust valve. At the same time, the cloud monitoring calculation platform immediately draws the real-time dynamic performance curve of the pipeline based on the sensor feedback data, and adjusts the blade angle of the adjustable ventilation and smoke exhaust fan through the hydraulic adjusting device and transmission mechanism, so that the performance dynamic curve of the fan is fitted with the dynamic curve in the smoke exhaust pipeline, the actual wind volume and pressure value deviation is controlled within 10% of the design target value, the smoke exhaust efficiency is improved, and the smoke is effectively controlled within a reasonable range to provide effective time for evacuation and rescue; the total opening time of all the above-mentioned devices is within 30s.

[0094] When a fire occurs in a middle section of a lane, the temperature anomaly signal detected by the tunnel temperature fiber type detector is fed back to the monitoring center, and the cloud monitoring fire platform in the monitoring center immediately displays the alarm point position and the traffic distribution in the tunnel. Based on the detection instruction issued by the cloud monitoring fire platform, the coded high-definition camera in the tunnel immediately performs holographic image detection on the fire area, feeds the captured real-time image to the cloud monitoring fire platform in the monitoring center, and corrects the fire occurrence position after projecting and positioning based on the returned image. The cloud monitoring fire platform starts the real-time fire source tracking feedback function, notifies the artificial trigger fire linkage mode, and after artificial confirmation, executes the preset pipe power lifting section smoke exhaust mode of the corresponding pipe power lifting section control module of the fire source point to start smoke exhaust.

[0095] The preset pipe power lifting section smoke exhaust mode can include opening all normally closed electric smoke exhaust valves in the section where the module is located, and opening the pipe power lifting device. The airflow of the pipe power lifting device upstream of the fire point is from the fire point to the upstream side of the smoke exhaust fan, and the airflow of the pipe power lifting device downstream of the fire point is from the fire point to the downstream side of the smoke exhaust fan. Finally, the adjustable blade smoke exhaust fan is opened. The cloud monitoring computing platform adjusts the blade angle of the adjustable blade smoke exhaust fan through the hydraulic adjusting device and the transmission mechanism according to the air volume and pressure values fed back by the air volume and pressure sensors. The blade angle is fitted according to the fan performance dynamic curve and the power performance curve in the smoke exhaust pipe after the pipe power lifting device is opened, and the actual air volume and pressure value deviation is controlled within 10% of the design target value. At the same time, the CO2 sensor collects the CO2 concentration in the exhaust gas at the electric smoke exhaust valve, and judges the smoke flow trend based on the captured image of the high-definition camera, remotely monitors the smoke exhaust efficiency of the electric smoke exhaust valve at the ignition point area, and feeds back the concentration value at the smoke exhaust port. The cloud monitoring computing platform judges the control strategy according to the CO2 concentration value feedback, closes the electric smoke exhaust valve with low CO2 concentration value, opens the adjacent electric smoke exhaust valve with high CO2 concentration value, and improves the effective smoke exhaust efficiency of the electric smoke exhaust valve. At the same time, the cloud monitoring computing platform analyzes and judges the adjusted smoke exhaust pipe power performance curve according to the data of the air volume and pressure sensors, adjusts the blade angle of the adjustable blade fan through the hydraulic adjusting device and the transmission mechanism, fits the fan performance dynamic curve and the power curve in the smoke exhaust pipe, controls the actual air volume and pressure value deviation within 10% of the design target value, improves the smoke exhaust efficiency, and effectively ensures that the smoke is controlled within a reasonable range to provide effective time for evacuation and rescue. The total opening time of all the above-mentioned devices is within 30s.

[0096] The cloud monitoring fire control platform adopts distributed computing and automation management, can be deployed across platforms and distributed clusters, improves the overall tunnel smoke exhaust system computing and analysis capability, has a large shared database of integrated tunnel disaster prevention across multiple regions and multiple tunnels, and the resource utilization rate of simulation disaster prevention calculation is very high; based on intelligent analysis and data mining data, the effectiveness of the data can be improved, past accident cases can be simulated and practiced, the causes of various tunnel disasters can be deeply mined, the speed of prediction and development can be predicted, early warning can be effectively achieved, high sensitivity and high accuracy can be achieved to predict tunnel fires, the practical value of the monitoring system can be greatly improved, and the system is optimized by combining multimedia application large information interaction and frequent signaling scheduling, efficient information communication, sharing, improving processing performance, and realizing unified control management with various levels of disaster prevention and emergency departments. In combination with the real scene modeling support of the monitoring data platform, it has a major role in tunnel accident rescue strategies, accident identification, and responsibility identification.

[0097] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be interpreted broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrated; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection or can communicate with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0098] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art can make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they know the basic inventive concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to include the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present application.

[0099] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalent technologies, the present application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A tunnel ventilation and smoke extraction system, characterized in that The tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system comprises: a plurality of pipeline power lifting devices, which are installed at intervals in the middle part of the smoke exhaust duct, and the two ends of the smoke exhaust duct are respectively a first end section of the smoke exhaust duct and a second end section of the smoke exhaust duct, and each two pipeline power lifting devices form a pipeline power lifting section; a monitoring system for monitoring the position of a fire occurring in a driving lane of the tunnel, the first end section of the smoke exhaust duct corresponds to the position of the first end section of the driving lane, the second end section of the smoke exhaust duct corresponds to the position of the second end section of the driving lane, and each pipeline power lifting section of the smoke exhaust duct corresponds to the position of a middle small section of the driving lane; a plurality of section control modules corresponding to each section of the driving lane, wherein the sections of the driving lane include the first end section of the driving lane, the second end section of the driving lane, and the middle small section of the driving lane, and the section control module is used to control the smoke exhaust device of the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system to start smoke exhaust according to a preset section smoke exhaust mode when a fire occurs in the corresponding section of the driving lane; the section control module comprises: a first end section control module corresponding to the first end section of the driving lane, which is used to start smoke exhaust according to a preset first end section smoke exhaust mode when a fire occurs in the first end section of the driving lane; a second end section control module corresponding to the second end section of the driving lane, which is used to start smoke exhaust according to a preset second end section smoke exhaust mode when a fire occurs in the second end section of the driving lane; a plurality of pipeline power lifting section control modules corresponding to the middle small section of the driving lane, and each pipeline power lifting section control module is used to start smoke exhaust according to a preset pipeline power lifting section smoke exhaust mode when a fire occurs in the corresponding middle small section of the driving lane; the smoke exhaust device comprises: two ventilation and smoke exhaust fans arranged at the two ends of the smoke exhaust duct of the tunnel; a plurality of normally closed electric smoke exhaust valves arranged along the length direction of the tunnel and arranged at the partition wall or partition plate between the smoke exhaust duct and the driving lane of the tunnel; the pipeline power lifting device; the section control module is used to control the ventilation and smoke exhaust fan, the normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve, and the pipeline power lifting device to perform smoke exhaust according to the preset section smoke exhaust mode; the monitoring system comprises a cloud monitoring fire control platform and a fire monitoring and alarming device; the fire monitoring and alarming device comprises: an air volume and pressure sensor corresponding to each normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve and connected to the cloud monitoring fire control platform, and fixed at the corresponding normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve; when a fire is detected to occur in the middle small section of the driving lane, the preset pipeline power lifting section smoke exhaust mode of the pipeline power lifting section control module comprises: controlling all pipeline power lifting devices to be opened, and the airflow of the pipeline power lifting device upstream of the fire source point is from the fire source point to the upstream ventilation and smoke exhaust fan, and the airflow of the pipeline power lifting device downstream of the fire source point is from the fire source point to the downstream ventilation and smoke exhaust fan; The control opens the ventilation and smoke exhaust fan, and according to the air volume and pressure values fed back by the air volume and pressure sensors, the blade angle of the ventilation and smoke exhaust fan is checked, the blade angle is fitted according to the fan performance dynamic curve and the dynamic performance curve in the smoke exhaust duct after the opening duct power lifting device, and the actual air volume and pressure value deviation of the smoke outlet part is controlled within 10% of the design target value; When it is detected that a fire occurs in the end section of the traffic lane, the preset end smoke exhaust mode of the end section control module includes: A preset number of normally closed electric smoke exhaust valves within the preset range of the fire source point are started, and the ventilation and smoke exhaust fan on the same side as the fire location is started and the blade is opened to a preset angle; The end section of the traffic lane includes a first end section of the traffic lane and a second end section of the traffic lane, and the end section control module includes a first end section control module and a second end section control module.

2. The tunnel ventilation and smoke control system of claim 1, wherein, The control range L1 of the first end section control module is the length of the first end section of the traffic lane, and the control range L3 of the second end section control module is the length of the first end section of the traffic lane; L1 and L3 satisfy the following relationship: ； ; P - total power provided by one ventilation and smoke exhaust fan; P y - the resistance of the flue per meter; P z - the resistance of the smoke exhaust duct, being the resistance along the way in the smoke exhaust duct and the local resistance in the smoke exhaust duct; P q - other resistances, being the sum of the resistances other than the flue exhaust duct; L - length of the smoke exhaust duct.

3. The tunnel ventilation and smoke control system of claim 2, wherein, The sum L2 of the control ranges of each duct power lifting section control module is the sum of the lengths of the middle small sections of each traffic lane; L2 = traffic lane length - L1 - L3, the length of the smoke exhaust duct is equal to the length of the traffic lane.

4. The tunnel ventilation and smoke control system according to claim 3, wherein, The fire monitoring and alarm device includes: A fire alarm detector is distributed along the length direction of the traffic lane and connected with the cloud monitoring and fire control platform, which is used to detect the position of the fire occurring in the traffic lane; A plurality of high-definition pan-tilt cameras with position encoding are arranged at intervals along the side wall of the traffic lane and connected with the cloud monitoring and fire control platform; A visual monitoring platform is connected with the high-definition pan-tilt camera; The cloud monitoring and fire control platform is used to control the collection of the image of the high-definition pan-tilt camera near the fire occurrence position according to the signal of the fire alarm detector to perform secondary positioning on the fire position, and the visual monitoring platform presents the fire position to the cloud monitoring and fire control platform in a visual manner; The cloud monitoring and fire control platform is also used to start the section control module corresponding to the section of the traffic lane where the fire occurs according to the fire position confirmed by manual.

5. The tunnel ventilation and smoke control system according to claim 4, wherein, The fire monitoring and alarm device further includes: A CO2 sensor corresponds to each normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve and is connected with the cloud monitoring and fire control platform; it is fixed at the corresponding normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve respectively; wherein the CO2 sensor collects the CO2 concentration in the exhaust gas at the electric smoke exhaust valve in real time and feeds back to the cloud monitoring and fire control platform; The cloud monitoring and fire control platform is also used to: According to the CO2 concentration collected by the CO2 sensor at the electric smoke exhaust valve, and combining with the image captured by the high-definition pan-tilt camera to judge the smoke flow trend, the smoke exhaust efficiency of the started electric smoke exhaust valve in the ignition point area is remotely monitored dynamically; According to the CO2 concentration value feedback, the actual smoke exhaust is dynamically adjusted, including closing the electric smoke exhaust valve with low CO2 concentration value and opening the adjacent electric smoke exhaust valve with high CO2 concentration value.

6. The tunnel ventilation and smoke control system according to claim 5, wherein, The fire monitoring and alarm device further includes: A manual alarm button is arranged on the side wall of the tunnel for sending a manual alarm signal to the monitoring center where the cloud monitoring fire control platform is located. A fire alarm controller is used for collecting and reporting the alarm signals of manual alarm and various detectors to the monitoring center where the cloud monitoring fire control platform is located. The monitoring system further comprises: A field controller is arranged on the side wall of the cable gallery for controlling the opening and closing of the field electric smoke exhaust valve and the pipe power lifting device.

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