A Crack Depth Measurement Instrument for Highway Bridge Tunnels

Abstract

This invention relates to a crack depth measuring instrument for highway bridge tunnels, comprising a flexible plate; two connecting ropes respectively disposed on both sides of the plate, the lower ends of the two connecting ropes being fixedly connected to the lower end of the plate; two winding wheels respectively mounted on both sides of the plate, the upper ends of the connecting ropes wound around the winding wheels; two linear displacement components, the input ends of which are fixedly connected to the wheel axles of the winding wheels; a crossbar disposed between the two linear displacement components, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the output ends of the corresponding linear displacement components; and a drawing device disposed on one side of the plate for drawing a diagram of the position and direction changes of the crossbar. This invention synchronously transfers the downward movement of the connecting ropes to the output ends of the linear displacement components through the linear displacement components. By setting the crossbar and drawing the position and direction of the crossbar as it moves downward, the direction of the crack can be visually observed, facilitating the assessment of the severity of the crack by the operator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of measuring instrument technology, and in particular to a measuring instrument for measuring the depth of cracks in highway bridge tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of highway bridge and tunnel projects, due to the poor geological conditions of the construction area, uneven settlement of the foundation is prone to occur. Bridge projects often suffer damage to the concrete structure due to foundation settlement. When the structural deformation is too large and the deformation pressure exceeds its own bearing pressure, cracks will appear in the bridge structure. Alternatively, excessive external loads may have a significant impact on the concrete structure, causing secondary stresses generated by the external loads and resulting in cracks. Or, if the internal temperature is low and the external temperature is high, the surface stress of the concrete will be relatively large, exceeding the bearing capacity of the concrete structure, thus causing cracks to appear on the surface of the highway bridge.

[0003] Cracks in highway bridges and tunnels directly increase the amount of exposed steel reinforcement on the ground, exacerbating corrosion caused by external environmental factors such as rain and intense sunlight. This further reduces the load-bearing capacity of the highway and increases the likelihood of road collapses. Furthermore, cracks alter the internal structural stability of the highway, leading to structural imbalances and localized collapses.

[0004] Therefore, once concrete cracks appear in highway bridges and tunnels, immediate action must be taken to address them. In order to select an appropriate repair plan and timing, the length, width, depth, and direction of the cracks are all crucial data.

[0005] Since cracks are generally not vertical, the direction of cracks along their length can be observed with the naked eye, but the direction of cracks along their depth cannot be seen directly. The direction of cracks is also an important reference indicator for judging the severity of damage to concrete roads and bridges.

[0006] Existing methods for measuring crack depth include core sampling or cross-sectional sampling, ultrasonic measurement, and thin wire measurement. While these methods can all measure crack depth, they cannot determine the direction of the crack at its depth, leading to inaccurate assessments of the crack's severity by staff. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a highway bridge tunnel crack depth measuring instrument that, while measuring crack depth, can simultaneously output a direction diagram of the crack depth, facilitating a more accurate assessment of the degree of crack damage by staff.

[0008] The present invention provides a highway bridge tunnel crack depth measuring instrument, comprising:

[0009] Flexible plate;

[0010] Two connecting ropes are respectively set on both sides of the board, and the lower ends of the two connecting ropes are fixedly connected to the lower end of the board.

[0011] Two winding wheels are respectively mounted on both sides of the plate, and the upper end of the connecting rope is wound around the winding wheels;

[0012] Two linear displacement components, the input ends of which are fixedly connected to the axle of the winding wheel, and a crossbar is provided between the two linear displacement components, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the output ends of the corresponding linear displacement components;

[0013] A drawing device, set on one side of the plate, is used to draw a diagram of the positional changes of the crossbar.

[0014] Preferably, the drawing device includes a vertical rod positioned between the two linear displacement components, perpendicular to the horizontal rod and parallel to the plate, with one end fixedly connected to the horizontal rod and the other end fixedly equipped with a drawing pen, which is perpendicular to the vertical rod; and a drawing board, matching the position of the drawing pen, positioned on one side of the plate.

[0015] Preferably, the linear displacement assembly includes a gear, which is coaxially mounted on one side of the plate with the winding wheel; a chain, which meshes with the gear, and whose length direction is parallel to the length direction of the plate, and is disposed on the side of the gear near the drawing board; both ends of the crossbar are fixedly connected to elastic bands, and the end of the elastic band away from the crossbar is fixedly connected to the chain.

[0016] Preferably, it also includes a bracket, which includes a base plate disposed on one side of the plate; and a first support plate, which is vertically disposed on the first support plate and whose lower end is fixedly connected to the base plate for mounting the winding wheel and gear.

[0017] Preferably, the canvas includes two second support plates, which are fixedly mounted on the base plate in a vertical direction; two parallel shafts are mounted between the two second support plates; and a canvas is wound around the two shafts.

[0018] Preferably, the top and bottom of the shaft are provided with semi-circular guide plates, both ends of the guide plates are fixedly connected to the second support plate, and the chain is mounted on the two guide plates.

[0019] Preferably, the guide plate has balls embedded on the side near the chain.

[0020] Preferably, it also includes a limiting plate, which is fixedly installed between the plate body and the first support plate, and the limiting plate has a limiting hole for the connecting rope to pass through.

[0021] Preferably, guide holes are provided on both sides of the plate, and the lower end of the connecting rope passes through the guide holes.

[0022] Preferably, the outer surface of the plate is provided with graduations along its length.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the highway bridge tunnel crack depth measuring instrument provided by the present invention are:

[0024] 1. This invention uses a plate to extend into a crack, with a connecting rope connecting the lower end of the plate. When the crack bends, the plate bends accordingly. At this time, the connecting ropes on both sides of the plate move downwards at different rates, with the plate bending towards the connecting rope with the smaller downward movement. A linear displacement component synchronously transfers the downward movement of the connecting rope to the output end of the linear displacement component. By setting a crossbar, the crossbar moves downwards with the linear displacement component, and the position and direction of the crossbar indicate the direction of the crack. By drawing the position and direction of the crossbar as it moves downwards using a drawing device, the direction of the crack can be seen intuitively, making it convenient for workers to judge the severity of the crack.

[0025] 2. The drawing device of the present invention includes a vertical rod, which is set to be perpendicular to the horizontal rod. In this way, when one end of the horizontal rod moves down more than the other end, the horizontal rod will rotate. The angle of this rotation will be reflected by the rotation angle of the lower end of the vertical rod. The rotation direction of the lower end of the vertical rod is the direction of the crack, which can make the direction of the crack more accurate.

[0026] 3. This invention features two shafts around which the canvas is wound, with the chain running around the outer perimeter of the canvas. This allows for easy adjustment of the canvas's position and avoids situations where the canvas is not long enough.

[0027] 4. In this invention, ball bearings are provided on the side of the guide plate near the chain to reduce the movement resistance of the chain and prevent the chain from affecting the downward movement of the plate.

[0028] 5. The present invention provides guide holes on both sides of the plate, through which the connecting rope is threaded, so that the lower end of the connecting rope can fit tightly against the plate and follow the direction of the plate more accurately, avoiding the situation where the two points are stretched into a straight line, making the device more accurate in judging the direction of the crack. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the AA interface;

[0031] Figure 3 This is the left view of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection between the drawing pen and the chain in this invention;

[0033] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the BB interface;

[0034] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point C.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0036] 1. Base plate; 2. Second support plate; 3. First support plate; 4. Canvas; 6. Guide plate; 7. Plate body; 8. Chain; 9. Crossbar; 10. Gear; 11. Winding wheel; 12. Connecting rope; 13. Limiting plate; 14. Guide hole; 15. Elastic band; 16. Vertical bar; 17. Drawing pen; 18. Ball bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1 to 6 The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the present invention provides a highway bridge tunnel crack depth measuring instrument, comprising a flexible plate 7; two connecting ropes 12 respectively disposed on both sides of the plate 7, the lower ends of the two connecting ropes 12 being fixedly connected to the lower end of the plate 7; two winding wheels 11 respectively mounted on both sides of the plate 7, the upper ends of the connecting ropes 12 being wound around the winding wheels 11; two linear displacement components, the fixed parts of which are fixedly connected to the wheel axles of the winding wheels 11, a crossbar 9 disposed between the two linear displacement components, the two ends of the crossbar 9 being respectively connected to the moving parts of the corresponding linear displacement components; and a drawing device disposed on one side of the plate 7 for drawing a diagram of the position and direction changes of the crossbar 9.

[0039] The plate 7 is specifically selected as a long strip of thin plate that can be bent in the direction of its thickness, but not in the direction of its width, so as to prevent the plate 7 from bending in the direction of the length of the crack.

[0040] When in use, the lower end of the plate 7 is inserted into the crack, and the worker pushes the plate 7 downward. When the crack is vertically downward, the connecting ropes 12 on both sides of the plate 7 move down synchronously, driving the winding wheel 11 to rotate. The moving parts of the two linear displacement components move down synchronously, driving the crossbar 9 to move down. At this time, the crossbar 9 moves down in a horizontal direction.

[0041] When plate 7 bends at a certain angle towards direction A at the bend of the crack, the connecting rope 12 on side A moves downward at a slower speed, while the connecting rope 12 on the other side (side B) moves downward at a faster speed. The rotational speed of the winding wheel 11 on side A is less than that on side B. Therefore, the downward movement of the moving part of the linear displacement component on side A is less than that on side B. This causes the crossbar 9 to move downward while rotating at a certain angle. The direction of rotation is the direction of the crack. By drawing the rotation direction of the crossbar 9 through the drawing device, the direction of the crack can be seen intuitively.

[0042] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the drawing device includes a vertical rod 16, which is positioned in the middle of two linear displacement components. It is perpendicular to the horizontal rod 9 and parallel to the plate 7. One end of the vertical rod 16 is fixedly connected to the horizontal rod 9, and the other end is fixedly equipped with a drawing pen 17, which is perpendicular to the vertical rod 16. The drawing board is positioned to match the drawing pen 17 and is located on one side of the plate 7.

[0043] The vertical rod 16 is set perpendicular to the horizontal rod 9. The lower end of the vertical rod 16 is connected to the drawing pen 17. When the horizontal rod 9 rotates, the vertical rod 16 rotates to the corresponding side. The path of its rotation and downward movement is drawn by the drawing pen 17.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, the linear displacement assembly includes a gear 10, which is coaxially mounted on one side of the plate 7 with the winding wheel 11; a chain 8, which meshes with the gear 10, and whose length direction is parallel to the length direction of the plate 7, and is set on the side of the gear 10 near the drawing board; and elastic bands 15 are fixedly connected to both ends of the crossbar 9, with the end of the elastic band 15 away from the crossbar 9 being fixedly connected to the chain 8.

[0045] In the initial position, the crossbar 9 remains horizontal and its two ends are connected to one of the links of the corresponding chain 8 through the elastic band 15. When the two chains 8 move asynchronously, they can drive the crossbar 9 to rotate at a certain angle.

[0046] The crossbar 9 can also be a telescopic bar, with both ends of the telescopic bar hinged to one of the links of the corresponding chain 8.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a bracket, which includes a base plate 1, which is set on one side of the plate body 7; a first support plate 3, which is vertically set on the first support plate 3, and its lower end is fixedly connected to the base plate 1, for supporting the winding wheel 11 and the gear 10.

[0048] In this embodiment, the drawing board includes two second support plates 2, which are fixedly mounted on the base plate 1 in a vertical direction; two parallel shafts 5 are mounted between the two second support plates 2; and the canvas 4 is wound around the two shafts 5.

[0049] To position the chain 8 close to the canvas, semi-circular guide plates 6 are provided at the top and bottom of the shaft 5. Both ends of the guide plates 6 are fixedly connected to the second support plate 2, and the chain 8 is mounted on the two guide plates 6.

[0050] In this way, the chain 8 can be set close to the outer periphery of the canvas 4. When the chain 8 drives the crossbar 9 to move to the bottom of the support, it can still turn to the back of the canvas 4 to draw on the canvas 4. After the measurement is completed, the canvas 4 can be disassembled and laid flat to obtain the complete crack direction diagram.

[0051] To prevent the plate 7 from being too heavy to move when it moves down, ball bearings 18 are embedded on the side of the guide plate 6 near the chain 8 to reduce the load on the plate 7.

[0052] In order to make the lower end of the connecting rope 12 close to the plate 7, a limiting plate 13 is also included, which is fixedly installed between the plate 7 and the first support plate 3. The limiting plate 13 is provided with a limiting hole for the connecting rope 12 to pass through. Guide holes 14 are provided on both sides of the plate 7. The lower end of the connecting rope 12 passes through the inside of the guide hole 14, so that the connecting rope 12 can more accurately transmit the curvature of the crack.

[0053] Furthermore, the outer surface of the plate 7 is marked with graduations along its length, which allows for the determination of the crack direction and the measurement of the crack depth.

[0054] Working principle:

[0055] The present invention provides a highway bridge tunnel crack depth measuring instrument. In use, two linear displacement components are respectively set on both sides of the crack. The operator inserts the lower end of the plate 7 into the crack and pushes the plate 7 downward. At this time, the connecting ropes 12 on both sides of the plate 7 move downward, pulling the winding wheel 11 to rotate. The axle of the winding wheel 11 drives the gear 10 to rotate, and the gear 10 drives the chain 8 to move. The movement of the chain 8 drives the crossbar 9 connected to it to move. When the downward movement of the two chains 8 is inconsistent, the crossbar 9 will deflect. The direction of the deflection is the direction of the crack offset. By drawing the direction of the deflection of the crossbar 9 with the drawing pen 17, the direction of the crack can be seen intuitively.

[0056] This invention involves setting up a plate that extends into a crack, with a connecting rope connecting the lower end of the plate. When the crack bends, the plate bends accordingly. At this time, the connecting ropes on both sides of the plate move downwards at different rates, with the plate bending towards the connecting rope with the smaller downward movement. A linear displacement component synchronously transfers the downward movement of the connecting rope to the output end of the linear displacement component. By setting up a crossbar, the position and direction of the crossbar as it moves downwards with the linear displacement component indicate the direction of the crack. By drawing the position and direction of the crossbar as it moves downwards using a drawing device, the direction of the crack can be visually observed, providing important reference for workers to judge the severity of the crack.

[0057] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any variations that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tool for measuring the depth of cracks in highway bridge tunnels, characterized in that, include: Flexible plate (7); Two connecting ropes (12) are respectively set on both sides of the plate (7), and the lower ends of the two connecting ropes (12) are fixedly connected to the lower end of the plate (7); Two winding wheels (11) are respectively mounted on both sides of the plate (7), and the upper end of the connecting rope (12) is wound on the winding wheels (11); Two linear displacement components, each with a fixed component, are fixedly connected to the axle of the winding wheel (11). A crossbar (9) is provided between the two linear displacement components, and the two ends of the crossbar (9) are respectively connected to the moving component of the corresponding linear displacement component. A drawing device is set on one side of the horizontal bar (9) for drawing the displacement change diagram of the horizontal bar (9). The drawing device includes a vertical bar (16), which is set in the middle of the two linear displacement components. It is perpendicular to the horizontal bar (9) and one end of it is fixedly connected to the horizontal bar (9). The other end is fixedly set with a drawing pen (17). The drawing pen (17) is perpendicular to the vertical bar (16). A drawing board is matched with the position of the drawing pen (17) and is set on one side of the board body (7). The linear displacement component includes a gear (10), which is coaxially mounted on one side of the board body (7) with the winding wheel (11). A chain (8) meshes with the gear (10) and its length direction is parallel to the length direction of the board body (7). It is set on the side of the gear (10) close to the drawing board. Both ends of the horizontal bar (9) are fixedly connected with elastic bands (15). The end of the elastic band (15) away from the horizontal bar (9) is fixedly connected to the chain (8).

2. The highway bridge tunnel crack depth measuring instrument as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a support, which includes a base plate (1) set on one side of the plate (7); a first support plate (3) set vertically on the base plate (1), with its lower end fixedly connected to the base plate (1), for mounting the winding wheel (11) and the gear (10).

3. The highway bridge tunnel crack depth measuring instrument as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The drawing board includes two second support plates (2), which are fixedly mounted on the base plate (1) in a vertical direction; two parallel shafts (5) are mounted between the two second support plates (2); and a canvas (4) is wound around the two shafts (5).

4. The highway bridge tunnel crack depth measuring instrument as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The top and bottom of the shaft (5) are provided with semi-circular guide plates (6), and both ends of the guide plates (6) are fixedly connected to the second support plate (2). The chain (8) is mounted on the two guide plates (6).

5. The highway bridge tunnel crack depth measuring instrument as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The guide plate (6) is fitted with balls (18) on the side near the chain (8).

6. The highway bridge tunnel crack depth measuring instrument as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a limiting plate (13), which is fixedly set between the plate body (7) and the first support plate (3). The limiting plate (13) has a limiting hole for the connecting rope (12) to pass through.

7. The highway bridge tunnel crack depth measuring instrument as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Guide holes (14) are provided on both sides of the plate (7), and the lower end of the connecting rope (12) passes through the guide hole (14).

8. The highway bridge tunnel crack depth measuring instrument as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer surface of the plate (7) is provided with a scale along its length.

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