Preparation method and application of inorganic fertilizer for grape planting

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of grape planting, and specifically discloses a preparation method and application of an inorganic fertilizer for grape planting. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing wood ash, iron ore tailing powder and acidic soil powder, mixing any two of the raw materials evenly first and then adding another raw material to mix evenly, wet granulating the obtained mixture, and drying the obtained microparticles to obtain a slow-release inner core. (2) mixing zeolite microparticles, cement, wood powder and water to form a uniform slurry, coating the slurry on the surface of the slow-release inner core, and then curing to obtain the inorganic fertilizer. The present invention not only obtains an inorganic fertilizer with a slow-release function through the coordination and modification of the components, but also can provide grape plants with richer and more comprehensive nutrition, thereby better promoting the growth of grape plants. At the same time, the inorganic fertilizer of the present invention can be degraded and integrated into the soil after the fertilizer effect is gradually exerted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of grape planting, and in particular to a preparation method of an inorganic fertilizer for grape planting and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Grapes are a popular fruit that are widely planted around the world. Grape plants require a large amount of nutrients at each growth stage, from budding to flowering and fruiting. These nutrients mainly rely on the roots to absorb mineral nutrients from the soil and the photosynthesis of the leaves. In addition, due to the vigorous growth and large amount of fruiting, grapes have a much higher demand for soil nutrients than ordinary fruit trees. Therefore, in order to ensure the normal growth, fruiting and fruit quality of grape plants, fertilizers must be applied to the soil to meet the needs. During the fertilization process, it is necessary to prevent fertilizer accumulation caused by excessive or uneven fertilization, otherwise it will seriously affect the health and growth of grapes due to phenomena such as seedling burning. In order to overcome the above problems, developing fertilizers with slow-release function is an effective way. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a preparation method and application of inorganic fertilizer for grape planting. The present invention not only obtains inorganic fertilizer with slow-release function through the coordination and modification of various components, but also facilitates degradation after the fertilizer effect is gradually exerted and integrated into the soil. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention discloses the following technical scheme.

[0004] First, the present invention provides a method for preparing an inorganic fertilizer for grape planting, comprising the steps of:

[0005] (1) Prepare wood ash, iron ore tailings powder and acidic soil powder, mix any two of them evenly, then add another raw material and mix evenly, wet granulate the obtained mixture, and dry the obtained microparticles to obtain a sustained-release inner core.

[0006] (2) Zeolite particles, cement, wood powder and water are mixed to form a uniform slurry, and the slurry is coated on the surface of the slow-release inner core, and then cured to obtain the inorganic fertilizer.

[0007] Furthermore, in step (1), the weight ratio of the plant ash, iron ore tailings powder and acidic soil powder is 2 to 4: 1 to 1.8: 6 to 8. Under the action of a small amount of water in wet granulation and more moisture provided by the soil during subsequent use, the acidic soil can modify and activate the plant ash and iron ore tailings.

[0008] Furthermore, in step (1), the drying method includes any one of natural drying, heating and drying, etc. Preferably, the heating temperature is 60-90°C and the time is 40-90 minutes. Preferably, the drying time is 2-4 days. Through the above-mentioned drying process, on the one hand, the granulated particles are hardened and formed, and on the other hand, the preliminary modification and activation of the plant ash and iron ore tailings are completed.

[0009] Furthermore, in step (1), the particle size of the sustained-release core can be selected to be 2 to 6 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, in step (2), the weight ratio of the zeolite particles, cement and wood powder is 5-7:2-3:1-2. The present invention uses zeolite particles and wood powder as aggregates and cement as an adhesive to form a shell covering the surface of the slow-release inner core, and after subsequent curing, the slow-release shell is hardened and formed.

[0011] Furthermore, in step (2), the solid content of the slurry is 25-35% (mass fraction). The solid content of the slurry can also be adjusted according to actual needs so that the slurry is evenly coated on the surface of the slow-release inner core.

[0012] Furthermore, in step (2), the cement includes any one of silicate cement, aluminate cement, sulphoaluminate cement, ferroaluminate cement, etc.

[0013] Furthermore, in step (2), the particle size of the zeolite particles is 80-120 meshes, and the zeolite particles contain a large number of microchannels, which facilitate the release of nutrient elements in the core.

[0014] Furthermore, in step (2), the curing is carried out under natural conditions for 5 to 7 days to facilitate cement hydration and hardening.

[0015] Furthermore, in step (2), the slurry also contains waste glass powder to increase the fluidity of the slurry.

[0016] Optionally, the weight ratio of the zeolite particles, cement, wood powder and waste glass powder is 5-7:2-3:1-2:0.5-0.8.

[0017] Optionally, the particle size of the waste glass powder is 200-400 mesh.

[0018] Secondly, the core-shell inorganic fertilizer obtained by the preparation method of the inorganic fertilizer for grape planting of the present invention is used in the fields of agriculture, forestry, etc.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) The inorganic fertilizer of the present invention is obtained by slow-release inner core with plant ash, iron ore tailing powder and acidic soil powder, wherein, in the presence of water, the hydrogen ions released by the acidic soil react with the carbonate in the plant ash to eliminate carbonate, thereby releasing the water-insoluble inorganic salts in the plant ash, so that the activity of the plant ash is enhanced, thereby releasing more abundant nutrients. At the same time, after eliminating carbonate, the alkaline environment caused by its hydrolysis is avoided, which is convenient for the inorganic fertilizer of the present invention to be used in combination with nitrogen fertilizer, and alleviates the problem of reducing fertilizer efficiency due to the volatilization of nitrogen elements in nitrogen fertilizer caused by the alkaline characteristics of plant ash. In addition, the iron ore tailing powder is also gradually dissolved under the action of hydrogen ions released by the acidic soil to release the iron, calcium, magnesium and other ions it contains, providing the necessary nutrients for the growth of grapes, because grapes not only need a large amount of potassium (the plant ash in the slow-release inner core can provide a large amount of potassium, which is well complementary to the plant ash), but also have a significantly higher demand for trace elements such as calcium, iron and magnesium than other fruit trees. To this end, the present invention utilizes the characteristics that the iron, calcium, magnesium and other elements in the iron ore tailings exist in the form of mineral phase, and then under the action of water in the soil and the activation of acidic soil, the calcium and iron elements in the iron ore tailings powder are slowly released, thereby providing a more long-term nutrient supply for the growth of grapes. In addition, the above process also realizes the treatment of acidic soil, and plant ash, iron ore tailings and acidic soil are all wastes with huge output. The method of the present invention can realize the large-scale utilization of these three wastes, and realize their resource utilization and high added value utilization.

[0021] (2) The inorganic fertilizer of the present invention forms a coating layer of the slow-release inner core with zeolite particles, cement, wood powder and water. The large number of microchannels in the zeolite particles facilitate the output of nutrients and play a controlled release role. The cement plays a good bonding role under the action of water, combines the zeolite particles and wood powder into one, and is also convenient for coating the surface of the slow-release inner core to form an outer shell. The outer shell hardens after subsequent hydration, maintenance and other processes to further form a controlled release outer shell. The wood powder gradually rots and is consumed under the action of microorganisms in the soil. On the one hand, more gaps are formed in the outer shell, which strengthens the release rate of nutrients, just to adapt to the changes in the demand for nutrients as the grapes grow. On the other hand, the disappearance of the wood powder reduces the strength of the outer shell, which facilitates the gradual collapse and detachment of the outer shell into the soil, and then the slow-release inner core also gradually collapses and merges into the soil, which helps to achieve the natural degradation of the inorganic fertilizer of the present invention, so that the inorganic fertilizer of the present invention is prepared for the later degradation in the process of exerting the slow-release effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and shall not constitute improper limitation of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the effects of the wood ash used in the following examples.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the effects of the acidic soil used in the following examples. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] It should be noted that all professional and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those familiar to those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. The reagents or raw materials used in the present invention can be purchased through conventional channels. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents or raw materials used in the present invention are used in a conventional manner in the art or in accordance with the product instructions.

[0026] In addition, any method and material similar or equivalent to the described content can be applied to the method of the present invention. The preferred implementation methods and materials described in the text are only for demonstration purposes. The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] A method for preparing inorganic fertilizer for grape planting comprises the following steps:

[0029] (1) Prepare wood ash, iron ore tailings powder, and acidic soil powder in a weight ratio of 2.5:1.5:7, then place the wood ash and iron ore tailings powder in a blender and stir for 5 minutes, then add the acidic soil powder and continue stirring for 5 minutes to mix the above raw materials evenly to obtain a mixed powder.

[0030] (2) placing the mixed powder in a granulator for water spraying and granulation, placing the obtained granules in an oven, and drying them at 60° C. for 90 min to obtain a sustained-release inner core with a particle size mainly between 2 and 3 mm.

[0031] (3) Zeolite particles (particle size 110 mesh), silicate cement, and wood powder (particle size 120 mesh) obtained by crushing waste wood are added to water in a weight ratio of 6.5:3:1.5 and stirred for 10 minutes to obtain a slurry with a solid content of 28%. Then, the slow-release inner core is immersed in the slurry so that the slurry is coated on the surface of the slow-release inner core. Then, the slow-release inner core is taken out and placed in a curing box and naturally cured at room temperature for 7 days to obtain a slow-release inorganic fertilizer with a core-shell structure.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] A method for preparing inorganic fertilizer for grape planting comprises the following steps:

[0034] (1) Prepare wood ash, iron ore tailing powder, and acidic soil powder in a weight ratio of 4:1.8:8, then place the wood ash and acidic soil powder in a blender and stir for 5 minutes, then add the iron ore tailing powder and continue stirring for 5 minutes to mix the above raw materials evenly to obtain a mixed powder.

[0035] (2) The mixed powder is placed in a granulator for water spray granulation. The obtained granules are naturally dried at room temperature for 4 days to obtain a sustained-release inner core with a particle size mainly between 4 and 6 mm.

[0036] (3) Zeolite particles (particle size 80 mesh), silicate cement, and wood powder (particle size 120 mesh) obtained by crushing waste wood are added to water in a weight ratio of 5:2:1 and stirred for 10 minutes to obtain a slurry with a solid content of 25%. Then, the slow-release inner core is immersed in the slurry so that the slurry is coated on the surface of the slow-release inner core. Then, the slow-release inner core is taken out and placed in a curing box and naturally cured at room temperature for 5 days to obtain a slow-release inorganic fertilizer with a core-shell structure.

[0037] Example 3

[0038] A method for preparing inorganic fertilizer for grape planting comprises the following steps:

[0039] (1) Prepare wood ash, iron ore tailings powder, and acidic soil powder in a weight ratio of 2:1:6, then place the wood ash and iron ore tailings powder in a blender and stir for 5 minutes, then add the acidic soil powder and continue stirring for 5 minutes to mix the above raw materials evenly to obtain a mixed powder.

[0040] (2) The mixed powder is placed in a granulator for water spraying and granulation. The obtained granules are naturally dried at room temperature for 2 days to obtain a sustained-release inner core with a particle size mainly between 3 and 4 mm.

[0041] (3) Add zeolite particles (particle size 120 mesh), silicate cement, wood powder (particle size 150 mesh) obtained by crushing waste wood, and glass powder (particle size 400 mesh) into water in a weight ratio of 7:3:2:0.8 and stir for 10 minutes to obtain a slurry with a solid content of 30%. Then immerse the slow-release inner core in the slurry so that the slurry is coated on the surface of the slow-release inner core. Then take out the slow-release inner core and place it in a curing box and naturally cure it at room temperature for 6 days to obtain a slow-release inorganic fertilizer with a core-shell structure.

[0042] Example 4

[0043] A method for preparing inorganic fertilizer for grape planting comprises the following steps:

[0044] (1) Prepare wood ash, iron ore tailings powder, and acidic soil powder in a weight ratio of 2.5:1.3:6.5, then place the wood ash and iron ore tailings powder in a blender and stir for 5 minutes, then add the acidic soil powder and continue stirring for 5 minutes to mix the above raw materials evenly to obtain a mixed powder.

[0045] (2) placing the mixed powder in a granulator for water spraying and granulation, placing the obtained granules in an oven, and drying them at 90° C. for 40 min to obtain a sustained-release inner core with a particle size mainly between 2 and 3 mm.

[0046] (3) Add zeolite particles (particle size 100 mesh), silicate cement, wood powder (particle size 180 mesh) obtained by crushing waste wood, and glass powder (particle size 200 mesh) into water in a weight ratio of 5.5:2:1.2:0.5 and stir for 10 minutes to obtain a slurry with a solid content of 35%. Then immerse the slow-release inner core in the slurry so that the slurry is coated on the surface of the slow-release inner core. Then take out the slow-release inner core and place it in a curing box and naturally cure it at room temperature for 5 days to obtain a slow-release inorganic fertilizer with a core-shell structure.

[0047] Example 5

[0048] A method for preparing inorganic fertilizer for grape planting comprises the following steps:

[0049] (1) Prepare wood ash and iron ore tailings powder in a weight ratio of 2.5:1.5, then place the wood ash and iron ore tailings powder in a blender and stir for 5 minutes to mix the above raw materials evenly to obtain a mixed powder.

[0050] (2) placing the mixed powder in a granulator for water spraying and granulation, placing the obtained granules in an oven, and drying them at 60° C. for 90 min to obtain a sustained-release inner core with a particle size mainly between 2 and 3 mm.

[0051] (3) Zeolite particles (particle size 110 mesh), silicate cement, and wood powder (particle size 120 mesh) obtained by crushing waste wood are added to water in a weight ratio of 6.5:3:1.5 and stirred for 10 minutes to obtain a slurry with a solid content of 28%. Then, the slow-release inner core is immersed in the slurry so that the slurry is coated on the surface of the slow-release inner core. Then, the slow-release inner core is taken out and placed in a curing box and naturally cured at room temperature for 7 days to obtain a slow-release inorganic fertilizer with a core-shell structure.

[0052] Example 6

[0053] A method for preparing inorganic fertilizer for grape planting comprises the following steps:

[0054] (1) Prepare wood ash and acidic soil powder in a weight ratio of 4:8, then place the wood ash and acidic soil powder in a blender and stir for 5 minutes to mix the above raw materials evenly to obtain a mixed powder.

[0055] (2) The mixed powder is placed in a granulator for water spray granulation. The obtained granules are naturally dried at room temperature for 4 days to obtain a sustained-release inner core with a particle size mainly between 4 and 6 mm.

[0056] (3) Zeolite particles (particle size 80 mesh), silicate cement, and wood powder (particle size 120 mesh) obtained by crushing waste wood are added to water in a weight ratio of 5:2:1 and stirred for 10 minutes to obtain a slurry with a solid content of 25%. Then, the slow-release inner core is immersed in the slurry so that the slurry is coated on the surface of the slow-release inner core. Then, the slow-release inner core is taken out and placed in a curing box and naturally cured at room temperature for 5 days to obtain a slow-release inorganic fertilizer with a core-shell structure.

[0057] Example 7

[0058] A method for preparing inorganic fertilizer for grape planting comprises the following steps:

[0059] (1) Prepare wood ash, iron ore tailings powder, and acidic soil powder in a weight ratio of 2:1:6, then place the wood ash and iron ore tailings powder in a blender and stir for 5 minutes, then add the acidic soil powder and continue stirring for 5 minutes to mix the above raw materials evenly to obtain a mixed powder.

[0060] (2) The mixed powder is placed in a granulator for water spraying and granulation. The obtained granules are naturally dried at room temperature for 2 days to obtain a sustained-release inner core with a particle size mainly between 3 and 4 mm.

[0061] (3) Add silicate cement, wood powder (particle size 150 mesh) obtained by crushing waste wood, and glass powder (particle size 400 mesh) into water in a weight ratio of 3:2:0.8 and stir for 10 minutes to obtain a slurry with a solid content of 30%. Then immerse the slow-release inner core in the slurry so that the slurry is coated on the surface of the slow-release inner core. Then take out the slow-release inner core and place it in a curing box and naturally cure it at room temperature for 6 days to obtain a slow-release inorganic fertilizer with a core-shell structure.

[0062] Example 8

[0063] A method for preparing inorganic fertilizer for grape planting comprises the following steps:

[0064] (1) Prepare wood ash, iron ore tailings powder, and acidic soil powder in a weight ratio of 2.5:1.3:6.5, then place the wood ash and iron ore tailings powder in a blender and stir for 5 minutes, then add the acidic soil powder and continue stirring for 5 minutes to mix the above raw materials evenly to obtain a mixed powder.

[0065] (2) placing the mixed powder in a granulator for water spraying and granulation, placing the obtained granules in an oven, and drying them at 90° C. for 40 min to obtain a sustained-release inner core with a particle size mainly between 2 and 3 mm.

[0066] (3) Add zeolite particles (particle size 100 mesh), silicate cement, and glass powder (particle size 200 mesh) into water in a weight ratio of 5.5:2:0.5 and stir for 10 minutes to obtain a slurry with a solid content of 35%. Then immerse the slow-release inner core in the slurry so that the slurry is coated on the surface of the slow-release inner core. Then take out the slow-release inner core and place it in a curing box and naturally cure it at room temperature for 5 days to obtain a slow-release inorganic fertilizer with a core-shell structure.

[0067] Effect test:

[0068] The inorganic fertilizers prepared in the above embodiments were used as the object, and applied to the soil of the grape plants, with a fertilizer amount of 100 kg / mu, and the inorganic fertilizers were buried below 10 cm in the soil. Each embodiment corresponds to three grape plants with similar growth and weight, and then water was poured into the soil, and water was poured once every ten days, and other management and planting conditions were the same. After two and a half months, the chlorophyll content, fresh weight of 100 leaves, and dry weight of 100 leaves of the grape plants in each group were detected, and the average values ​​of the above indicators of the three grape plants in each embodiment were calculated, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0069] Table 1

[0070]

[0071] It can be seen that the inorganic fertilizers prepared in Examples 1 to 4 have a more obvious promoting effect on the growth of grape plants than Examples 5 to 8. This shows that the inorganic fertilizers in Examples 1 to 4 have a better slow-release effect and can provide more abundant and comprehensive nutrition for grape plants, thereby better promoting the growth of grape plants.

[0072] The above-described embodiments are exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing inorganic fertilizer for grape planting, characterized in that: Includes steps: (1) preparing wood ash, iron ore tailing powder and acidic soil powder, mixing any two of the raw materials uniformly first and then adding another raw material to mix uniformly, wet granulating the obtained mixture, and drying the obtained microparticles to obtain a slow-release inner core; the weight ratio of the wood ash, iron ore tailing powder and acidic soil powder is 2-4:1-1.8:6-8; (2) Mixing zeolite particles, cement, wood powder and water to form a uniform slurry, coating the slurry on the surface of the slow-release inner core, and then curing to obtain the inorganic fertilizer; the weight ratio of the zeolite particles, cement and wood powder is 5-7:2-3:1-2.

2. The method for preparing inorganic fertilizer for grape planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the drying method includes any one of natural drying and heating and drying; the heating temperature is 60-90° C. and the time is 40-90 minutes; the drying time is 2-4 days.

3. The method for preparing inorganic fertilizer for grape planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the particle size of the sustained-release inner core is 2 to 6 mm.

4. The method for preparing inorganic fertilizer for grape planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the cement includes any one of silicate cement, aluminate cement, sulphoaluminate cement and ferroaluminate cement.

5. The method for preparing inorganic fertilizer for grape planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the solid content of the slurry is 25-35% by mass.

6. The method for preparing the inorganic fertilizer for grape planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the particle size of the zeolite particles is 80 to 120 meshes.

7. The method for preparing inorganic fertilizer for grape planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the curing is carried out under natural conditions for 5 to 7 days.

8. The method for preparing the inorganic fertilizer for grape planting according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: In step (2), the slurry also contains waste glass powder to increase the fluidity of the slurry; the weight ratio of the zeolite particles, cement, wood powder, and waste glass powder is 5-7:2-3:1-2:0.5-0.8; the particle size of the waste glass powder is 200-400 mesh.

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