telescopic mechanism

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of aerospace machinery transmission technology, and more specifically, to a telescopic mechanism. The present invention provides a telescopic mechanism, including a driving mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a plurality of translation plates, a plurality of rotating plates, a plurality of hinges and connecting rods: the driving mechanism drives the transmission mechanism to perform linear motion; the plurality of translation plates and the plurality of rotating plates correspond to each other one by one and are installed alternately, and are connected to each other through hinges and connecting rods to form a plurality of magnification interval units; the transmission mechanism includes a transmission bearing, a lead screw and a lead screw nut; the transmission bearing is installed on the outermost first translation plate and is connected to the output end of the driving mechanism; the lead screw nut is installed on the outermost first rotating plate; the lead screw is connected to the transmission bearing at one end and is connected to the lead screw nut at the other end through the first translation plate. The telescopic mechanism proposed by the present invention meets the main requirements of structural storage and magnification adjustment, and achieves a precise stroke magnification effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aerospace mechanical transmission, and more particularly to a telescopic mechanism. Background Art

[0002] In mechanical transmission, the output end of many power equipment uses mechanisms such as screw-nut mechanisms, gear rack mechanisms, etc., which can only achieve displacement of a limited distance.

[0003] Since the output end movement distance is too small, it often cannot meet the long-distance displacement needs of mechanical equipment. In order to obtain a larger movement stroke, it is usually necessary to connect or install a stroke amplification mechanism at the output end of the power equipment to obtain the ideal movement displacement.

[0004] Traditional stroke amplification mechanisms are mostly single-ratio stroke amplification mechanisms, such as multi-rod stroke amplification mechanisms, double-cam stroke amplification mechanisms, inclined slot slider stroke amplification mechanisms, conjugate cam connecting rod stroke amplification mechanisms, and the like.

[0005] Traditional stroke amplification mechanisms have problems such as complex structure, low magnification, and fixed magnification. In addition, they generally do not have the function of reducing the occupied space after being stored. Therefore, traditional stroke amplification mechanisms encounter the following problems when applied to some specific fields:

[0006] For example, many translation and sliding mechanisms are used in car body welding production lines. The simplest and most economical driving component is the cylinder, which is used to push the movement displacement. However, if a very long stroke is required, there is no suitable cylinder available. Even if a non-standard cylinder is selected, the cylinder body will be very long, and the cost of the non-standard cylinder will also be high.

[0007] For example, in the aerospace field, some mechanical transmission structure applications require that they can be folded up during launch to save launch space and reduce launch costs; while a longer stroke is required after they are in orbit to meet usage needs. Traditional mechanical transmission structures and ordinary stroke amplification structures are difficult to meet both of the above requirements at the same time. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a telescopic mechanism to solve the problems of the prior art stroke amplification mechanism having low magnification, fixed magnification and complex structure and being difficult to store.

[0009] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a telescopic mechanism, comprising a driving mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a plurality of translation plates, a plurality of rotation plates, a plurality of hinges and a connecting rod:

[0010] The driving mechanism is connected to the transmission mechanism and drives the transmission mechanism to perform linear motion;

[0011] The multiple translation plates and the multiple rotation plates are installed in a one-to-one correspondence and alternately, and are connected by hinges and connecting rods to form multiple magnifying spacer units;

[0012] The transmission mechanism includes a transmission bearing, a lead screw and a lead screw nut;

[0013] The transmission bearing is mounted on the outermost first translation plate and connected to the output end of the driving mechanism;

[0014] The lead screw nut is mounted on the outermost first rotating plate;

[0015] One end of the lead screw is connected to the transmission bearing, and the other end passes through the first translation plate and is connected to the lead screw nut.

[0016] In one embodiment, the hinge is a double-ended hinge, which is mounted on the translation plate and the rotation plate respectively;

[0017] The connecting rod has one end connected to a hinge mounted on the translation plate, and the other end connected to a hinge mounted on the rotation plate;

[0018] There is only one rotation pair between the connecting rod and the hinge, and the connecting rod and the hinge rotate synchronously.

[0019] In one embodiment, the driving mechanism drives the lead screw to rotate by driving the bearing, and the lead screw nut moves linearly along the lead screw, thereby driving the first rotating plate to move.

[0020] In one embodiment, the plurality of translation plates perform linear motion along the axial direction of the lead screw;

[0021] The plurality of rotating plates perform linear motion along the axial direction of the lead screw and rotate along the axis at the same time.

[0022] In one embodiment, the lengths of the plurality of connecting rods are consistent.

[0023] In one embodiment, the installation position of the lead screw nut and the first rotating plate is located at the center of the first rotating plate.

[0024] In one embodiment, the hinge is connected to the translation plate and the rotation plate respectively through bearings.

[0025] In one embodiment, a plurality of hinges are symmetrically installed at the edge of each translation plate;

[0026] A plurality of hinges are symmetrically installed at the edge of each rotating plate.

[0027] In one embodiment, the driving mechanism is a rotary driving mechanism.

[0028] In one embodiment, the driving mechanism includes a driving motor.

[0029] In one embodiment, the driving mechanism is a stepping motor, and the lead screw is a ball screw.

[0030] In one embodiment, the lead screw is a T-shaped lead screw, and the driving mechanism further includes a reducer.

[0031] The telescopic mechanism proposed in the present invention achieves a precise stroke amplification effect while meeting the main requirements of structural storage and magnification adjustment. At the same time, only one drive is required in the mechanism to achieve this. In addition, the structure is simple, most of the parts are standard parts, and there are very few types of special parts. The interchangeability is high and it is suitable for large-scale production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which like reference numerals represent like features throughout, wherein:

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a telescopic mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention is disclosed;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a partial installation of a hinge according to an embodiment of the present invention is disclosed;

[0035] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a telescopic mechanism in an extended position according to an embodiment of the present invention is disclosed;

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a telescopic mechanism in a retracted position according to an embodiment of the present invention is disclosed;

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a telescopic mechanism for reducing magnification according to an embodiment of the present invention is disclosed;

[0038] Figure 6 A schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a telescopic mechanism for increasing magnification according to an embodiment of the present invention is disclosed.

[0039] The meanings of the reference numerals in the figures are as follows:

[0040] 10. Drive motor;

[0041] 21 transmission bearings;

[0042] 22 screw;

[0043] 23 screw nut;

[0044] 30 translation plate;

[0045] 301 first translation plate;

[0046] 40 rotating plate;

[0047] 401 first rotating plate;

[0048] 50 hinges;

[0049] 501 double-ended hinge;

[0050] 502 revolute pair;

[0051] 503 bearings;

[0052] 60 connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0054] In order to solve the problem of stroke amplification in limited space in the fields of aerospace and mechanical transmission, the present invention proposes a stroke amplification mechanism, namely a telescopic mechanism, which can achieve the greatest possible stroke amplification effect while having a simple structure and taking up a small space after storage.

[0055] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a telescopic mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention is disclosed. Figure 1 As shown, a telescopic mechanism proposed by the present invention includes a driving mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a plurality of translation plates 30 , a plurality of rotation plates 40 , a plurality of hinges 50 and a connecting rod 60 .

[0056] The driving mechanism is connected to the transmission mechanism and drives the transmission mechanism to perform linear motion;

[0057] The plurality of translation plates 30 and the plurality of rotation plates 40 are corresponding to each other and installed alternately, and are connected by hinges 50 and connecting rods 60 to form a plurality of magnifying spacer units;

[0058] The transmission mechanism includes a transmission bearing 21, a lead screw 22 and a lead screw nut 23;

[0059] The transmission bearing 21 is mounted on the outermost first translation plate 301 and connected to the output end of the driving mechanism;

[0060] The lead screw nut 23 is mounted on the outermost first rotating plate 401;

[0061] One end of the lead screw 22 is connected to the transmission bearing 21 , and the other end passes through the first translation plate 301 and is connected to the lead screw nut 23 .

[0062] It should be noted that the driving mechanism can be any rotary driving mechanism. Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the driving mechanism is a driving motor 10 .

[0063] The installation position of the lead screw nut 23 and the first rotating plate 401 is located at the center of the first rotating plate 401 .

[0064] Furthermore, depending on the work focus, drive and transmission components with different performance can be selected to meet different application requirements.

[0065] For example, if high-precision transmission is required, the drive mechanism is a stepper motor and the lead screw is a ball screw;

[0066] For example, if a strong bearing capacity is required and the mechanism is required to be self-locking, the lead screw is a T-type lead screw, and the driving mechanism also includes a reducer.

[0067] The number of the translation plates 30 and the number of the rotation plates 40 should both be greater than 1. Preferably, the number of the translation plates 30 should be one more than the number of the rotation plates.

[0068] Among the multiple translation plates 30 , only the outermost first translation plate 301 does not move due to being fixedly connected to the transmission bearing 21 , and the remaining translation plates 30 all move linearly along the axial direction of the lead screw 22 .

[0069] All the rotating plates 40 will perform linear motion along the axial direction of the lead screw 22 , and will also rotate along the axis of the lead screw 22 , and all the rotating plates 40 will rotate synchronously. Therefore, the movement of the rotating plates 40 is a composite motion process of rotation and translation.

[0070] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The enlarged view of the hinge in the middle circle is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the hinge 50 is a double-ended hinge 501 .

[0071] The hinges 50 are respectively mounted on the translation plate 30 and the rotation plate 40. A plurality of hinges 50 are symmetrically mounted on the edge of each translation plate 30; and a plurality of hinges 50 are symmetrically mounted on the edge of each rotation plate 40.

[0072] exist Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the hinges 50 are mounted on the first translation plate 301 , and three hinges 50 are symmetrically distributed at the edge of the first translation plate 301 .

[0073] The hinge 50 passes through the translation plate 30 and the rotation plate 40 in a bearing connection relationship, so that the hinge 50 can freely rotate around its axis at the connection between the translation plate 30 and the rotation plate 40.

[0074] like Figure 2 As shown, the hinge 50 is connected to the first translation plate 301 via a bearing 503 .

[0075] One end of the connecting rod 60 is connected to the hinge installed on the translation plate, and the other end is connected to the hinge installed on the rotation plate. The connecting rod 60 and the hinge 50 have only one rotating pair 502. When the hinge 50 rotates around its axis, the connecting rod 60 will also rotate synchronously.

[0076] It should be noted that the connecting rod 60 sequentially connects the hinges 50 at corresponding positions of the translation plate and the rotation plate to meet the needs of rotation and translation.

[0077] The following details Figure 1 The working principle of the telescopic mechanism in the embodiment shown.

[0078] The driving motor 10 drives the lead screw 22 to rotate through the transmission bearing 21 , and the lead screw nut 23 moves linearly along the lead screw 22 , and the first rotating plate 401 fixedly connected to the lead screw nut 23 moves therewith.

[0079] The connecting rod 60 rotates around the rotating pair 502 with the hinge 50, and transmits the motion to the rotating plate 40 and the translating plate 30 connected thereto.

[0080] Since the entire telescopic mechanism has only one degree of freedom, that is, each plate (including the rotating plate and the translating plate) telescopically moves linearly along the axial direction of the screw, the stroke of the screw nut is amplified in the axial direction of the screw by the length of the connecting rod.

[0081] Since the rotating plate moves linearly along the axial direction of the lead screw 22 and also rotates along the axis of the lead screw 22, the connecting rod 60 can be stored when the mechanism is extended or retracted.

[0082] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of the extended position of the telescopic mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention is disclosed. Figure 3 As shown, when the telescopic mechanism is extended, the connecting rod 60 rotates outward around the axis under the rotation and translation of the rotating plate 40, thereby achieving stroke amplification.

[0083] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of the retracted position of the telescopic mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention is disclosed. Figure 4 As shown, when the telescopic mechanism is contracted, the connecting rod 60 rotates inwardly around the axis under the rotation and translation of the rotating plate 40, thereby reducing the storage space.

[0084] Therefore, the telescopic mechanism proposed in the present invention solves the problem of stroke amplification in a limited storage space.

[0085] In this embodiment, the lengths of all connecting rods are kept consistent, so the distance expansion and contraction changes between the plates (including the rotating plate and the translation plate) are kept consistent with the distance of movement of the lead screw nut.

[0086] Since the length of the connecting rods connecting the plates (including the rotating plates and the translational plates) is constant, when the distance between the plates changes, the connecting rods will inevitably transmit the motion to the plates.

[0087] In the present invention, the telescopic mechanism is divided into a plurality of magnifying spacer units according to the translation plate 30 and the rotation plate 40 . Each magnifying spacer unit includes a translation plate 30 and a rotation plate 40 . Adjacent magnifying spacer units share the translation plate 30 or the rotation plate 40 .

[0088] exist Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, three translation plates 30 and two rotation plates 40 constitute four amplifying spacing units. Therefore, the telescopic mechanism amplifies the stroke of the lead screw nut by a factor of four.

[0089] On the premise that the telescopic mechanism remains unchanged, as long as the motion range of the screw nut is set properly, the stroke of the entire mechanism can reach any point within 4 times the distance within the range.

[0090] Furthermore, the magnification of the telescopic mechanism can be changed by increasing or decreasing the structure of the magnifying spacer unit.

[0091] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a telescopic mechanism for reducing magnification according to an embodiment of the present invention is disclosed. Figure 5 As shown, in Figure 1 On the basis of the above, the uppermost translation plate and rotation plate and their connecting rods are reduced, then the telescopic mechanism has only three layers of plates, and the two translation plates 30 and the one rotation plate 40 constitute two magnification interval units, and the magnification of the telescopic mechanism is also doubled.

[0092] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a telescopic mechanism for increasing magnification according to an embodiment of the present invention is disclosed. Figure 6 As shown, based on the same principle, Figure 1 On the basis of the above structure, a set of translation plates and rotation plates and their connecting rods are added, then the mechanism becomes a 7-layer plate, and the 4 translation plates 30 and the 3 rotation plates 40 constitute 6 magnification interval units, and the magnification becomes 6 times.

[0093] The telescopic mechanism proposed in the present invention has an amplification stroke that satisfies the following expression:

[0094] Amplified stroke = screw nut stroke × (number of translation plates + number of rotation plates - 1).

[0095] Therefore, the telescopic mechanism proposed by the present invention solves the problem of adjusting the magnification of the amplification stroke.

[0096] The telescopic mechanism proposed in the present invention achieves a stroke amplification effect while meeting the main requirements of structural storage and magnification adjustment. At the same time, only one drive is required in the mechanism to achieve this effect. In addition, the structure is simple, most of the parts are standard parts, and there are very few types of special parts. The interchangeability is high and it is suitable for large-scale production.

[0097] As used in this application and the claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the words "a," "an," "an," and / or "the" are not intended to refer to the singular but may include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "comprises" and "include" only indicate the inclusion of the steps and elements specifically identified, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. A method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements.

[0098] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0099] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0100] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0101] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0102] The above embodiments are provided to persons familiar with the art for implementing or using the present invention. Personnel familiar with the art may make various modifications or changes to the above embodiments without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but should be the maximum scope of the innovative features mentioned in the claims.

Claims

1. A telescopic mechanism, characterized in that: It includes a driving mechanism, a transmission mechanism, multiple translation plates, multiple rotation plates, multiple hinges and connecting rods: The driving mechanism is connected to the transmission mechanism and drives the transmission mechanism to perform linear motion; The multiple translation plates and the multiple rotation plates are installed in a one-to-one correspondence and alternately, and are connected by hinges and connecting rods to form multiple magnifying spacer units; The transmission mechanism includes a transmission bearing, a lead screw and a lead screw nut; The transmission bearing is mounted on the outermost first translation plate and connected to the output end of the driving mechanism; The lead screw nut is mounted on the outermost first rotating plate; The lead screw has one end connected to the transmission bearing and the other end passing through the first translation plate and connected to the lead screw nut; The driving mechanism drives the lead screw to rotate by driving the bearing, and the lead screw nut moves linearly along the lead screw, thereby driving the first rotating plate to move.

2. The telescopic mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hinge is a double-ended hinge, which is respectively installed on the translation plate and the rotation plate; The connecting rod has one end connected to a hinge mounted on the translation plate, and the other end connected to a hinge mounted on the rotation plate; There is only one rotation pair between the connecting rod and the hinge, and the connecting rod and the hinge rotate synchronously.

3. The telescopic mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hinge is connected to the translation plate and the rotation plate respectively through bearings.

4. The telescopic mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The multiple translation plates perform linear motion along the axial direction of the lead screw; The plurality of rotating plates perform linear motion along the axial direction of the lead screw and rotate along the axis at the same time.

5. The telescopic mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The lengths of the multiple connecting rods are consistent.

6. The telescopic mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation position of the lead screw nut and the first rotating plate is located at the center position of the first rotating plate.

7. The telescopic mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: Multiple hinges are symmetrically installed at the edge of each translation plate; A plurality of hinges are symmetrically installed at the edge of each rotating plate.

8. The telescopic mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The driving mechanism is a rotary driving mechanism.

9. The telescopic mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a driving motor.

10. The telescopic mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The driving mechanism is a stepping motor, and the lead screw is a ball screw.

11. The telescopic mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The lead screw is a T-shaped lead screw, and the driving mechanism further includes a reducer.

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