A vehicle-mounted anode plate lifting and unloading device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a vehicle-mounted anode plate lifting and unloading device, comprising a hydraulic system, a lifting device, and a limiting device. The hydraulic system provides a power source to ensure the lifting device can be raised or lowered, and can swing up and down. The lifting device is used to load, carry, and unload anode plates, while also limiting the position in the left, right, and front and back directions. The limiting device provides position protection for the hydraulic system and the lifting device. This invention is specifically designed and developed for anode plate carrier vehicles, integrating anode plate loading, transportation, and unloading. It is easy to operate, has a carrying capacity of up to 20 tons, and can be raised or lowered by a single motion at the front or rear end of the lifting device, depending on loading and unloading needs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of nonferrous metallurgy logistics and transportation, and in particular to a vehicle-mounted anode plate lifting and unloading device. Background Art

[0002] Nonferrous metal copper is an important metal raw material for the national economy and is in great demand. There are many refined copper production companies in China, with production ranging from hundreds of thousands of tons to millions of tons. During the refined copper production process, the anode plates (commonly known as crude copper, anode copper) produced by the smelting furnace need to be transported to the electrolysis workshop. The transportation distance is generally between 0.4km and 2km, and the quantity is huge. Generally, large-tonnage forklifts are used for direct transportation, or the anode plates are loaded onto commercial vehicles equipped with flatbeds by forklifts. After the commercial vehicles are transported to the electrolysis workshop, they are unloaded by forklifts. Both methods have disadvantages such as low transportation efficiency, large space requirements, high staff requirements, and high operating costs. It is necessary to develop a special carrier for anode plates. The special carrier needs to develop a set of on-board anode plate lifting devices with a loading and transportation capacity of 20 tons of anode plates, and integrate loading, transportation, and unloading functions in one, and it is easy to operate. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a vehicle-mounted anode plate lifting and unloading device, which is specially designed for an anode plate carrier vehicle to achieve a 20-ton loading capacity and integrates anode plate loading, transportation, and unloading.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A vehicle-mounted anode plate lifting and unloading device comprises a hydraulic system, a lifting device, and a limiting device; the hydraulic system is used to provide a power source to ensure that the lifting device rises or falls, and swings up and down; the lifting device is used to bear the loading, bearing, and unloading of the anode plates, and to limit the left and right, front and back directions at the same time; the lifting device comprises a lifting beam, a connecting beam, a left longitudinal beam, and a right longitudinal beam; the front and rear lifting beams are connected to the left and right longitudinal beams through the connecting beam; a cylinder support is provided at the lower part of the lifting beam, and front and rear limit bearings are provided in the middle of the outer walls of the left and right longitudinal beams, and left and right limit bearings are provided at both ends of the outer walls; the limiting device is used to limit the hydraulic system and the lifting device.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the above solution, the inner walls of the left longitudinal beam and the right longitudinal beam are both provided with a V-shaped structure.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the front ends of the left and right longitudinal beams are connected to the front limit beam, and the front ends of the left and right longitudinal beams are installed with anti-collision and shock-absorbing plates, located above the front limit beam, and the rear ends of the left and right longitudinal beams are installed with triangular blade heads.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the above solution, a connecting rod is provided between the front and rear lifting beams, both ends of the connecting rod are connected to the lifting beams through pins, and both lifting beams are provided with lifting ears.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the hydraulic system includes a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic oil tank, an electromagnetic overflow valve, an electromagnetic reversing valve, and a hydraulic pipeline. The hydraulic pump is connected to the electromagnetic overflow valve on one path and to two electromagnetic reversing valves on the other path. The electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the hydraulically controlled one-way valve, the one-way throttle valve, and the hydraulic cylinder in sequence.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the oil suction end and oil return end of the hydraulic system are respectively provided with an oil suction filter and an oil return filter, the oil return end is also provided with a liquid level gauge and a pre-pressure air filter, and the electromagnetic overflow valve is connected to a shockproof pressure gauge.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the hydraulic cylinder is provided with a hydraulic cylinder lifting lug, in which a pin shaft in the front and rear directions is provided and connected to the cylinder support through the pin shaft, and radial joint ball bearings and blocks are installed at the upper and lower lifting lugs of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the limit device includes a travel switch, a travel switch mounting bracket, and a shift rod. The shift rod is on the lifting device, and the travel switch is installed on one side of the shift rod through the travel switch mounting bracket. The travel switch is connected in series to the reversing solenoid valve electronic control circuit and is in a normally closed state. When the shift rod moves the travel switch as the lifting device rises or falls, the circuit is disconnected and the hydraulic cylinder stops rising or falling.

[0013] Due to the above structure, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The present invention is a directional design and development of an anode plate carrier, which integrates anode plate loading, transportation and unloading. It is easy to operate and has a carrying capacity of 20 tons. In addition, the front or rear end of the lifting device can be raised or lowered by a single action according to the needs of loading and unloading. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting device of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is the appearance and placement diagram of the anode plate of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the left and right longitudinal beams of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 It is the hydraulic principle diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a connection diagram of the hydraulic cylinder lifting lug of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the maximum rotation angle of the lifting device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 9 This is the logic diagram of the electromagnet and travel switch of the hydraulic system of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 10 This is a diagram of the hydraulic system control switch of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a vehicle-mounted anode plate lifting and unloading device, comprising a hydraulic system 100, a lifting device 200, and a limiting device 300. The hydraulic system 100 provides the power source, ensuring the lifting mechanism's ascent and descent, as well as its vertical swing. The lifting mechanism is responsible for loading, carrying, and unloading anode plates, while also providing left-right and front-back position limits to accommodate vehicle-mounted requirements. The limiting device 300 protects the hydraulic cylinder and lifting device 200.

[0028] in:

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, the lifting device 200 includes a lifting beam 3, a connecting beam 4, a left longitudinal beam 7, and a right longitudinal beam 6. The front and rear lifting beams 3 are connected to the left longitudinal beam 7 and the right longitudinal beam 6 through the connecting beam 4. A cylinder support 2 is provided at the lower part of the lifting beam 3. The middle of the outer wall of the left longitudinal beam 7 and the right longitudinal beam 6 are provided with front and rear limit bearings 9. The limit bearings are inserted into the limit brackets on the frame to achieve front and rear limit, and can also achieve single-action lifting or lowering of the front or rear end. Left and right limit bearings 8 are provided at both ends of the outer wall. The bearings are very close to the limit plate inside the frame, which can limit the left and right swing of the lifting device 200. The appearance diagram of the anode plate is shown in the figure below. Figure 3 As shown, in order to adapt to the loading, transportation and unloading of the anode plate, in this embodiment, the inner walls of the left longitudinal beam 7 and the right longitudinal beam 6 are both provided with a V-shaped structure 61, as shown in the transverse section. Figure 4As shown, such a design can increase the crotch width of the left and right longitudinal beams 6 to reduce the difficulty of inserting the lifting device 200 into the anode plate. In addition, the baffles on both sides are higher than the height of the anode plate support ears when the anode plate is placed on the ground. The anode plate support ears will not deviate from the lifting device 200, and there will be no deviation or leakage of the plate during loading. When the lifting device 200 is lifted, the anode plate will slide down along the V-shaped surface and eventually fall to the bottom plate, so that the anode plates are neatly arranged. In this embodiment, the front ends of the left and right longitudinal beams 7 and 6 are connected to the front limit beam 5, and the front ends of the left and right longitudinal beams 6 are both equipped with anti-collision and shock-absorbing plates 1, which are located above the front limit beam 5. The rear ends of the left and right longitudinal beams 7 and 6 are both equipped with triangular blade heads 11. When loading and lifting, the anode plates can be separated, and the anode plates will not be in an unstable state after being lifted and only partially contact the lifting device 200, and fall off during driving. In this embodiment, a connecting rod 10 is provided between the front and rear lifting beams 3 , both ends of the connecting rod 10 are connected to the lifting beam 3 through a first pin shaft 12 , and both lifting beams 3 are provided with lifting ears 13 .

[0030] like Figure 5 As shown, the hydraulic system 100 includes a hydraulic pump 103, hydraulic cylinders (front hydraulic cylinder 110 and rear hydraulic cylinder 111), a hydraulic oil tank 101, an electromagnetic overflow valve 106, an electromagnetic reversing valve 107, and hydraulic piping. One line of the hydraulic pump 103 is connected to the electromagnetic overflow valve 106, and the other line is connected to two electromagnetic reversing valves 107. The electromagnetic reversing valve 107 is sequentially connected to a hydraulically controlled check valve 108, a one-way throttle valve 109, and the hydraulic cylinder. In this embodiment, the hydraulic system 100 is equipped with an oil suction filter 102 and an oil return filter 112 at its oil intake and return ends, respectively. The oil return end is also equipped with a liquid level gauge 113 and a pre-loaded air filter 114. The electromagnetic overflow valve 106 is connected to a shockproof pressure gauge 105.

[0031] The working principle of the hydraulic system 100 is as follows: when the gearbox power take-off drives the gear pump to rotate, the hydraulic pump 103 sucks hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank 101 and pumps out pressure oil from the oil outlet. One path leads to the electromagnetic overflow valve 106 through the oil pipe. When YV1 is energized, the electromagnetic overflow valve 106 is closed, and the hydraulic system 100 builds up pressure. The other path enters the two electromagnetic reversing valves 107 respectively. When the electromagnetic coil YV2 of the electromagnetic reversing valve 107 is energized: the pressure oil passes through the electromagnetic reversing valve A1 port, through the one-way throttle valve 109, and the two-way hydraulic lock into the lower chamber of the front hydraulic cylinder 110, pushing the piston to make the piston rods of the two oil cylinders extend at the same time, and the oil in the upper chamber of the oil cylinder flows from the oil pipe through the hydraulic control one-way valve 108 (at this time, the hydraulic control one-way valve 108 is pushed open by the action of the pressure oil) and flows back to the oil tank through the electromagnetic reversing valve 107. When the hydraulic cylinder reaches a certain position, travel switch 302KL1 closes, and the YV2 coil loses power. Since the solenoid reversing valve 107 has a Y-shaped spool valve mechanism, pressurized oil cannot pass through the solenoid reversing valve 107. At this point, its A and B ports are connected to the oil return port O. Therefore, the hydraulic control check valve 108 releases pressure in the oil circuit, and the hydraulic lock locks the oil circuits to the upper and lower chambers of the cylinder. The oil in the upper and lower chambers of the cylinder is trapped, preventing the piston and piston rod from moving, and the hydraulic cylinder is fixed in its original position. Similarly, when YV1 and YV2 are energized, the front hydraulic cylinder 110 descends. When YV1, YV2, and YV4 are energized, both the front hydraulic cylinder 110 and the rear hydraulic cylinder 111 ascend. When YV1, YV2, and YV4 are energized, both the front hydraulic cylinder 110 and the rear hydraulic cylinder 111 descend. When only one solenoid reversing valve 107 is energized, one cylinder can ascend or descend.

[0032] In order to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder lifting lug 115 is provided on the hydraulic cylinder. A second pin 116 in the front-rear direction is provided in the hydraulic cylinder lifting lug 115 and connected to the cylinder support 2 through the second pin 116. A radial joint ball bearing 118 and a stopper 117 are installed at the upper and lower lifting lugs of the hydraulic cylinder. The specific structure is as follows Figure 6 As shown, it can be rotated in the axial direction, with a maximum rotation angle of 15°. When unloading, the front needs to be higher and the back needs to be lower, with a height difference of 210mm. Figure 7 As shown, through the drawing method, it can be seen that the swing angle of the hydraulic cylinder is 5.7°, which is within the allowable rotation range of the joint ball bearing.

[0033] like Figure 8As shown, in order to protect the oil cylinder and avoid the hydraulic cylinder piston from falling due to leakage of the hydraulic control one-way valve 108 and the hydraulic cylinder, which may cause the anode plate to scrape the ground when the vehicle is driving and cause an accident, a limit device 300 is provided in the anode plate lifting device 200. The limit device 300 includes a travel switch 302, a travel switch mounting bracket 301, and a shift rod 303. The shift rod 303 is on the lifting device 200, and the travel switch 302 is mounted on one side of the shift rod 303 through the travel switch mounting bracket 301. The travel switch 302 is connected in series to the electronic control circuit of the reversing solenoid valve and is in a normally closed state. When the shift rod 303 moves the travel switch 302 as the lifting device 200 rises or falls, the circuit is disconnected, the hydraulic cylinder stops rising or falling, and the oil cylinder will not reach the longest or shortest state to avoid damage due to internal forces. The middle travel switch is normally open and connected to a closed-loop circuit between the shift controller and the buzzer. When the vehicle is in motion, the shifter circuit is connected. Once the hydraulic cylinder piston descends, the lever 303, along with the lifting device 200, descends to the point where the middle travel switch is activated. The circuit is then connected and the buzzer sounds, reminding the driver to stop immediately to prevent the anode plate from scraping against the ground. During loading and unloading, the vehicle stops, the shifter circuit is disconnected, and the lifting device 200 ascends or descends, driving the lever 303 to activate the middle travel switch. The buzzer does not sound, and loading and unloading operations are not affected.

[0034] According to the needs of the hydraulic system, synchronous lifting, synchronous lowering, single-action lifting, lowering and other actions are generated. The hydraulic system electromagnet action and travel switch logic diagram are set as shown in the figure. Figure 9 shown.

[0035] The usage of the above structure is as follows:

[0036] 1) The lifting device is inserted into the anode plate along with the anode plate carrier by adjusting the steering wheel, and the vehicle is driven until the anode plate contacts the anti-collision and shock-absorbing plate 1.

[0037] 2) Hydraulic system control buttons see Figure 10 As shown, turn on the cylinder start switch, the hydraulic system builds up pressure, press the front and rear cylinder lifting switches at the same time, and the hydraulic cylinders lift the lifting device until the front and rear cylinders run to the upper limit position. The front and rear cylinders may not be completely synchronized, but the final lifting height is consistent. Lift the anode plate, and turn off the hydraulic system start switch after the action is completed.

[0038] 3) The anode plate carrier switches to front-drive mode, transports the anode plates to the destination, aligns the position, and then switches to rear-drive mode. Turn on the oil cylinder start switch, press the front oil cylinder lowering switch until the front oil cylinder runs to the lower limit position, release the front oil cylinder lowering switch, and then press the front and rear oil cylinders to lower simultaneously until the front and rear oil cylinders drop to the lower limit position. The anode plates are unloaded to the designated position.

[0039] The above process completes the anode plate loading, transportation and unloading process once, and does not require the cooperation of other personnel during the operation, which is highly efficient.

[0040] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted anode plate lifting and unloading device, characterized by: It includes a hydraulic system, a lifting device, and a limiting device; the hydraulic system is used to provide a power source to ensure that the lifting device rises, falls, and swings up and down; the lifting device is used to bear the loading, bearing, and unloading of the anode plates, and is limited in the left and right, front and back directions at the same time. The lifting device includes a lifting beam, a connecting beam, a left longitudinal beam, and a right longitudinal beam. The front and rear lifting beams are connected to the left and right longitudinal beams through the connecting beam. A cylinder support is provided at the lower part of the lifting beam. The middle part of the outer wall of the left and right longitudinal beams is provided with front and rear limit bearings, and both ends of the outer wall are provided with left and right limit bearings; the limiting device is used to limit the hydraulic system and the lifting device. The front ends of the left and right longitudinal beams are connected to the front limit beam, and the front ends of the left and right longitudinal beams are both equipped with anti-collision and shock-absorbing plates, which are located above the front limit beam. The rear ends of the left and right longitudinal beams are both equipped with triangular blades, which can separate the anode plates when loading and lifting. The hydraulic system includes a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic oil tank, an electromagnetic overflow valve, an electromagnetic reversing valve, and a hydraulic pipeline. One path of the hydraulic pump is connected to the electromagnetic overflow valve, and the other path is connected to two electromagnetic reversing valves. The electromagnetic reversing valve is sequentially connected to a hydraulically controlled one-way valve, a one-way throttle valve, and a hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder is provided with a hydraulic cylinder lifting lug, and a pin shaft in the front and rear directions is provided in the hydraulic cylinder lifting lug, and is connected to the oil cylinder support through the pin shaft. Centripetal joint ball bearings and blocks are installed at the upper and lower lifting lugs of the hydraulic cylinder. By controlling the hydraulic cylinder, the lifting device can be made higher at the front and lower at the back when unloading.

2. The vehicle-mounted anode plate lifting and unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner walls of the left longitudinal beam and the right longitudinal beam are both provided with a V-shaped structure.

3. The vehicle-mounted anode plate lifting and unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting rod is provided between the front and rear lifting beams. Both ends of the connecting rod are connected to the lifting beams through pins, and lifting ears are provided on the two lifting beams.

4. The vehicle-mounted anode plate lifting and unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil suction end and oil return end of the hydraulic system are respectively provided with an oil suction filter and an oil return filter. The oil return end is also provided with a liquid level gauge and a pre-pressure air filter. The electromagnetic overflow valve is connected to a shockproof pressure gauge.

5. The vehicle-mounted anode plate lifting and unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limit device includes a travel switch, a travel switch mounting bracket, and a shift rod. The shift rod is on the lifting device. The travel switch is installed on one side of the shift rod through the travel switch mounting bracket. The travel switch is connected in series to the electronic control circuit of the reversing solenoid valve and is in a normally closed state. When the shift rod moves the travel switch as the lifting device rises or falls, the circuit is disconnected and the hydraulic cylinder stops rising or falling.

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