Mechanical soil sampling device
By designing a mechanical soil sampling device that supports and stabilizes the components, the problems of simple structure and poor stability of the soil sampling device in the prior art are solved, and the stability and uniformity of soil sampling, applicability and convenience of analysis and research are achieved. .
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202210823418.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2022-07-14
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2042-07-14
AI Technical Summary
The existing soil sampling device has a simple structure, a single function, poor stability, and is difficult to adapt to different terrains, which affects sampling uniformity and analysis results.
A mechanical soil sampling device including support components, stabilization components and drive components is designed. Through the cooperation of the first drill bit, push rod, sampling substrate and movable form, the uniform collection and stable fixation of the soil are achieved, and the terrain is reduced. The impact of
It improves the stability and uniformity of soil sampling, reduces sampling difficulty, ensures the looseness of the sample, facilitates analysis and research, and significantly improves applicability and practicality.
Smart Images
Figure CN115144220B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of soil sampling, and in particular relates to a mechanical soil sampling device. Background Art
[0002] The collection of soil samples is the basic work in fields such as soil analysis research and geological exploration. By analyzing and studying soil samples, we can understand the actual condition of the soil.
[0003] Most of the current soil samplers have simple structures, single functions, and poor stability. Most of them are directly inserted into the soil layer through the sampling shell to complete the soil sampling work. For example: the invention application with the publication number CN107966318A provides a soil sampling device and a soil sampling system, the soil sampling device includes a driving mechanism, a sampling tube and a collection component; the driving mechanism is connected to the top of the sampling tube, which can drive the sampling tube to rotate and collect the soil in the sampling tube; the collection component is arranged in the sampling tube, and the collection component is connected to the top of the sampling tube; the collection component can collect the substances in the soil entering the sampling tube; the sampling tube adopts a detachable structure; it alleviates the problem that the soil drill in the prior art cannot absorb the components in the soil sample, and the existing soil drill adopts an integral structure to destroy the properties of the soil sample, stratify and affect the analysis results, and the soil sampling device tilts when entering the soil. The utility model with authorization number CN211347456U discloses a mechanical soil sampling device, which is a cylindrical structure with multiple layers inside and outside. The structure is compact and the device can be reduced in size by folding when idle. Pedal mechanisms are provided on both sides of the bottom of the sleeve, which can freely switch between working and idle states by flipping and adjusting, making it convenient to carry outdoors.
[0004] The invention application with the publication number of CN114235479A discloses a mechanical soil sampling device, including an outer frame, the outer frame including a first half ring and a second half ring, the first half ring is at the top of the second half ring, the first half ring and the second half ring are fixedly connected by a limiting screw, and the first half ring and the second half ring are both provided with first limiting grooves corresponding to the ends of the limiting screw. The invention can adjust the distance between the first half ring and the second half ring by cooperating with the rotating sleeve and the limiting screw, and can adjust the length of the entire outer frame according to the sampling depth required, so as to ensure the adaptation effect of the entire outer frame to different sampling depths; by cooperating with the rotating ring and the outer frame, the adaptability of the outer frame to different sampling depths is further increased, and the cooperation of the rotating ring and the outer frame can increase the accuracy of soil sampling, and can quickly adjust the distance between the collection frame and the ground according to the sampling needs in real time, so as to ensure the speed of soil collection. Summary of the invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a mechanical soil sampling device with good structural stability, no terrain restrictions, uniform sampling, loose samples, and easy analysis and research, so as to reduce the difficulty of soil sampling and improve practicality.
[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above-mentioned purpose is:
[0007] Mechanical soil sampling device, comprising:
[0008] The support assembly comprises a fixed top plate and a fixed bottom plate which are arranged correspondingly above and below, and a through hole is arranged in the middle of the fixed bottom plate;
[0009] a first drill bit, the first drill bit being vertically disposed inside the support assembly;
[0010] The driving assembly includes a vertically arranged positioning cylinder, the upper portion of which cooperates with the fixed top plate, the inner thread of the positioning cylinder is connected with a coaxially arranged push rod, the bottom end of the push rod is connected with the first drill bit, and the push rod can drive the first drill bit to move up and down in the through hole;
[0011] The collecting assembly comprises an annular sampling matrix, a driving assembly is sleeved in the inner diameter channel of the sampling matrix, a first drill bit is located below the sampling matrix, a plurality of hollow collecting chambers are arranged around the inside of the sampling matrix, an outer wall of the sampling matrix is provided with movable windows corresponding to the collecting chambers one by one, a sampling bucket is arranged inside the collecting chamber, and the driving assembly can drive the sampling bucket to move back and forth radially;
[0012] A stabilizing assembly is provided at the bottom of the fixed bottom plate, and the stabilizing assembly includes a first stabilizing mechanism provided at the four corners of the fixed bottom plate, and a second stabilizing mechanism provided at the edge of the fixed bottom plate;
[0013] The first stabilizing mechanism includes a second drill bit arranged vertically, and the top of the second drill bit is connected to the output end of the rotating motor; the second stabilizing mechanism includes a movable plate, and the edge of the bottom of the fixed base plate is provided with a fixing groove adapted to the movable plate, and the movable plates arranged on both sides of the fixed base plate correspond to each other, one end of the movable plate is rotatably connected to the fixed base plate, and the other end of the movable plate can be rotated into or out of the inside of the fixing groove.
[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the support assembly and the stabilizing assembly cooperate to ensure the stability of the device during the sampling process. The first stabilizing mechanism fixes the entire device by extending the second drill bits arranged at the four corners of the fixed base plate into the soil layer of the sampling area. If the surface of the sampling area is uneven, the stability of the fixed base plate can be ensured by adjusting the depth of the corresponding second drill bits inserted into the soil layer. By unscrewing the movable plate in the second stabilizing mechanism out of the fixed groove, the support area of the fixed base plate can be expanded, and the load-bearing area on the surface of the soil layer can be expanded, which can further improve the stability of the device. In this way, the influence of the terrain and the surface on soil sampling can be greatly reduced, and the applicability can be improved. In addition, the movable plates on the fixed base plate are arranged in pairs, which helps to maintain the force balance of the support assembly and prevent rollover or shaking.
[0015] The first drill bit can move up and down under the driving of the push rod, so as to pass through the through hole on the fixed bottom plate and extend into the interior of the soil layer.
[0016] Furthermore, the first drill bit is conical, and a rotary blade is provided on the outer surface of the first drill bit. In this way, the first drill bit can also break up the soil when it is inserted into the soil layer. The setting of the rotary blade helps to break up the soil lumps in the soil layer. The loose soil can reduce the difficulty of sampling and improve the uniformity of sampling.
[0017] In some embodiments, a rotating handle is provided at the top end of the push rod, and the rotating handle is provided above the fixed top plate. By rotating the handle, the push rod can be driven to rotate, thereby realizing the up and down movement of the first drill bit during the rotation process. In other real-time methods, the top end of the push rod cooperates with the output end of the rotating motor, and the rotation of the push rod is driven by the rotating motor, which can greatly improve the sampling efficiency and reduce the labor intensity.
[0018] In the sampling matrix, the collection bin cooperates with the movable window. When the sampling bucket moves radially outward along the sampling matrix, the movable window opens to facilitate the sampling bucket to move out from the inside of the collection bin. After the sampling is completed, the driving component drives the sampling bucket to return radially to the inside of the collection bin, and the movable window closes at the same time. In this way, the accuracy of the sampling site can be ensured and the mixing of soils at different sampling depths can be prevented. Multiple collection bins are evenly arranged around, and soil samples at corresponding sites can be collected from different angles to ensure the effectiveness of sampling.
[0019] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of vertical installation grooves are evenly arranged at the bottom of the movable plate, and a telescopic rod is arranged in the installation groove. The bottom end of the telescopic rod is tapered, and the telescopic rod can move back and forth up and down.
[0020] In this way, after the movable plate is rotated out of the fixed groove, the telescopic rod can be used to enhance its contact with the ground surface, improve the firmness of the movable plate's grip on the ground, prevent displacement, rollover and other defects during the sampling process, and ensure the accuracy of the sampling site. The tapered end of the telescopic rod can reduce the difficulty of inserting the telescopic rod into the soil layer. Multiple installation grooves are evenly distributed on the movable plate, so that on an uneven surface, the telescopic rods at different locations can be extended to different depths under the ground surface as needed, thereby ensuring the stability of the movable plate and preventing shaking during the sampling process.
[0021] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a sliding sleeve is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the positioning cylinder, the sliding sleeve fits the inner diameter of the sampling base, a vertical sliding groove is provided on the outer wall of the positioning cylinder, a sliding block is provided on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve, and the sliding sleeve is slidingly connected to the sliding groove on the positioning cylinder through the sliding block; the sliding sleeve can move up and down relative to the positioning cylinder; the end of the sampling bucket away from the movable window is movably connected to the sliding sleeve through a hinge rod.
[0022] Furthermore, an annular notch is arranged on the outer wall of the sampling matrix, and a movable window is arranged in the notch. The top of the movable window is connected to the sliding sleeve through a guide wheel and a rope body.
[0023] Therefore, after the collection assembly reaches the designated sampling site, the sliding sleeve can be moved downward to drive the movable window to move upward, thereby opening the collection chamber, and the sampling bucket moves radially outward along the sampling base, so that the soil outside the base can be sampled smoothly. After collecting the sample, the sliding sleeve can be pulled upward to drive the sampling bucket to return radially to the inside of the collection chamber, and the movable window moves downward to close the collection chamber, so as to prevent the collected soil sample from being contaminated.
[0024] In addition, the setting of the annular gap can form scratches on the surrounding soil layers when the sampling matrix moves downward, and the soil can be loosened during the collision between the side wall of the sampling matrix and the soil layer, which reduces the difficulty of the sampling bucket extending into the soil layer and reduces energy consumption. When the vibration generated by the first drill bit in the process of drilling downward is transmitted to the sampling matrix, the contact probability between the annular gap and the surrounding soil layer can be increased, which can effectively consume vibration energy, improve the stability of the device, and also help loosen the soil layer, reducing the difficulty of sampling by the sampling bucket.
[0025] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a partition is horizontally arranged in the middle of the collecting bin, and the movable window is located above the partition; a plurality of first holes are evenly distributed on the partition, the sampling bucket is arranged above the partition, and a plurality of second holes are evenly distributed on the bottom plate of the sampling bucket.
[0026] The soil sample collected by the sampling bucket can enter the lower part of the partition in the collection chamber through the second hole and the first hole. In this way, the sampling bucket can be used to perform multiple sampling at the same location. The samples collected multiple times are mixed, which can improve the reliability of the samples. The sampling method of small amounts and multiple times can greatly reduce the energy consumption during the sampling process and ensure sufficient sampling volume. In addition, the partition divides the collection chamber into two layers, which can also prevent the leakage of the collected soil samples.
[0027] Furthermore, the sampling hopper is connected to the partition plate in a sliding or rolling manner.
[0028] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the sampling bucket has a wedge-shaped cross section, the open end of the sampling bucket is arranged toward the movable window, and a side of the sampling bucket away from the sliding sleeve is provided with saw teeth.
[0029] Therefore, when the sampling bucket moves along the radial direction of the sampling base, the sharper end can contact the soil layer outside the collection bin, which helps the sampling bucket to be smoothly inserted into the soil layer. The saw teeth set at the end of the sampling bucket also help to break up the soil layer, loosen the soil layer, and improve the sampling success rate.
[0030] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the outer wall of the sampling matrix is provided with a plurality of annular grooves at intervals along the axial direction, and a crushing assembly is provided on the outer side of the sampling matrix. The crushing assembly includes an annular crushing matrix, which closes the annular grooves, and reinforcing ribs are provided in the annular grooves. The reinforcing ribs are used to connect the inner wall of the crushing matrix and the outer wall of the sampling matrix, and the outer wall of the crushed matrix is provided with saw teeth protruding outside the crushing matrix.
[0031] Therefore, in the process of the sampling matrix moving downward and extending into the sampling site, the surface of the crushing matrix is provided with serrations, which can change the surface contact between the sampling matrix and the soil layer into a point basis, reduce friction, and reduce the resistance of the sampling matrix during the downward movement. In addition, the setting of the crushing matrix can crush the soil layer around it, which helps to loosen the soil layer and reduce the difficulty of sampling.
[0032] The combination of the crushing matrix and the annular groove also plays a buffering role. Specifically, the first drill bit moves downward during the rotation process, and will generate vibrations in the process of interacting with the soil layer, and the sampling bucket, movable window and other components inside the sampling matrix will also generate vibrations during the activity process. These vibrations are transmitted to the crushing matrix through the outer wall of the sampling matrix and the reinforcing ribs in the annular groove, etc., which can reduce the internal vibration of the soil sampling device, improve the buffering effect, and improve the structural stability. The setting of the annular groove and the reinforcing ribs inside it can avoid the generation of resonance and reduce noise. In addition, the vibration energy is transmitted to the crushing matrix, which can increase the probability of collision between the crushing matrix and the soil layer, which helps to loosen the soil layer.
[0033] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a spiral blade is provided on one end of the push rod close to the first drill bit. Thus, the first drill bit and the spiral blade cooperate to improve the loosening effect on the soil layer and reduce the resistance of the first drill bit during its downward movement.
[0034] The present invention adopts a stabilizing component to cooperate with a supporting component. The four corners of the fixed bottom plate are fixed by a first stabilizing mechanism. The second stabilizing mechanism can expand the support range of the fixed bottom plate and can be tightly connected to the bottom surface, thereby improving the stability of the device and being not restricted by the terrain. The device can also remain stable when it is set on an uneven ground, effectively reducing the probability of rollover. The driving component can drive the sampling bucket to move, so as to sample the soil around the sampling matrix and improve the uniformity and reliability of the obtained sample. The sampling matrix is provided with an annular notch, which improves the looseness of the soil layer by colliding with the soil layer, thereby facilitating smooth sampling. The setting of the crushing component can also loosen the soil and consume vibration energy, thereby helping to improve the stability of the structure. Therefore, the present invention is a mechanical soil sampling device with good structural stability, not restricted by terrain, uniform sampling, loose samples, and convenient analysis and research. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a mechanical soil sampling device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0036] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the support assembly of the mechanical soil sampling device shown;
[0037] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A bottom view of the support assembly shown;
[0038] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The structural diagram of the middle movable plate;
[0039] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle telescopic rod;
[0040] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the matching structure of the driving assembly and the collecting assembly of the mechanical soil sampling device shown;
[0041] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the middle A part;
[0042] Figure 8 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the collection component shown;
[0043] Fig. 9It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collecting component of the mechanical soil sampling device according to Example 2 of the present invention;
[0044] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of part B in the middle.
[0045] Figure numbers: support assembly 10; fixed top plate 11; fixed bottom plate 12; through hole 13; fixed groove 14; stabilizing assembly 20; second drill bit 21; rotating motor 22; movable plate 23; mounting groove 24; telescopic rod 25; drilling assembly 30; first drill bit 31; rotary blade 32; driving assembly 40; positioning cylinder 41; push rod 42; rotating handle 43; sliding sleeve 44; sliding groove 45; sliding block 46; pull rod 47; pull ring 48; collecting assembly 50; sampling base 51; collecting bin 52; movable window 53; guide wheel 54; rope body 55; sampling bucket 56; hinged rod 57; partition 58; annular notch 61; annular groove 62; reinforcing rib 63; crushing assembly 70; crushing base 71; sawtooth 72. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0046] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods and drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.
[0047] Example 1
[0048] Figures 1 to 8 A mechanical soil sampling device according to an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown. As shown in the figure, the device includes a support assembly 10, a soil drilling assembly 30, a drive assembly 40 and a collection assembly 50; the soil drilling assembly 30, the drive assembly 40 and the collection assembly 50 are all arranged inside the support assembly 10, and the drive assembly 40 can drive the soil drilling assembly 30 and the collection assembly 50 to move up and down so as to enter the soil layer for soil sampling processing.
[0049] The support assembly 10 includes a fixed top plate 11 and a fixed bottom plate 12 which are correspondingly arranged in the upper and lower parts. A through hole 13 is provided in the middle of the fixed bottom plate 12. The driving assembly 40, the soil drilling assembly 30 and the collecting assembly 50 are arranged between the fixed top plate 11 and the fixed bottom plate 12. The driving assembly 40 can drive the soil drilling assembly 30 and the collecting assembly 50 to pass through the through hole 13 on the fixed bottom plate 12 to enter or move out of the soil layer, thereby collecting soil samples.
[0050] The bottom of the support assembly 10 also cooperates with the stabilizing assembly 20. Specifically, the stabilizing assembly 20 is arranged at the bottom of the fixed base plate 12, and includes a first stabilizing mechanism arranged at the four corners of the fixed base plate 12, and a second stabilizing mechanism arranged at the edge of the fixed base plate 12. The first stabilizing mechanism includes a second drill bit 21 arranged vertically, and the top of the second drill bit 21 is connected to the output end of the rotating motor 22; the second stabilizing mechanism includes a movable plate 23, and the edge of the bottom of the fixed base plate 12 is provided with a fixing groove 14 adapted to the movable plate 23, and the movable plates 23 arranged on both sides of the fixed base plate 12 correspond to each other, one end of the movable plate 23 is rotatably connected to the fixed base plate 12, and the other end of the movable plate 23 can be rotated into or rotated out from the inside of the fixing groove 14.
[0051] The first stabilizing mechanism fixes the entire device by extending the second drill bits 21 arranged at the four corners of the fixed base plate 12 into the soil layer of the sampling area. If the surface of the sampling area is uneven, the stability of the fixed base plate 12 can be ensured by adjusting the depth of the corresponding second drill bits 21 extending into the soil layer. By unscrewing the movable plate 23 in the second stabilizing mechanism out of the fixed groove 14, the support area of the fixed base plate 12 can be expanded, and the load-bearing area on the surface of the soil layer can be expanded, which can further improve the stability of the device. In this way, the influence of the terrain and the surface on soil sampling can be greatly reduced, and the applicability can be improved. In addition, the movable plates 23 on the fixed base plate 12 are arranged in pairs, which helps to maintain the force balance of the support assembly 10 and prevent rollover or shaking.
[0052] In addition, a plurality of vertical mounting grooves 24 are evenly arranged at the bottom of the movable plate 23, and a telescopic rod 25 is arranged in the mounting groove 24. The bottom end of the telescopic rod 25 is tapered, and the telescopic rod 25 can move back and forth up and down. After the movable plate 23 is screwed out of the fixed groove 14, the telescopic rod 25 can enhance its contact tightness with the ground surface, improve the firmness of the grip of the movable plate 23, prevent displacement, rollover and other defects during the sampling process, and ensure the accuracy of the sampling site. The tapered end of the telescopic rod 25 can reduce the difficulty of inserting the telescopic rod into the soil layer. A plurality of mounting grooves 24 are evenly distributed on the movable plate 23, so that on an uneven surface, the telescopic rods 25 at different locations can extend into different depths under the ground surface as needed, thereby ensuring the stability of the movable plate 23 and preventing shaking during the sampling process.
[0053] The soil drilling assembly 30 includes a vertically arranged first drill bit 31, which is conical and has a rotary blade 32 on its outer surface. Driven by the driving assembly 40, the first drill bit 31 can move up and down while rotating, thereby smoothly breaking the soil layer and facilitating the collection assembly 50 to extend into the soil layer for sampling.
[0054] The driving assembly 40 includes a vertically arranged positioning cylinder 41, the upper part of which is connected to the fixed top plate 11, and a push rod 42 is coaxially arranged inside the positioning cylinder 41, the push rod 42 is provided with an external thread, and the inner wall of the positioning cylinder 41 is provided with an internal thread adapted thereto, and the bottom end of the push rod 42 is connected to the first drill bit 31, so that the rotation of the push rod 42 can drive the first drill bit 31 to move up and down during the rotation process. The first drill bit 31 can also break up the soil in the process of extending into the soil layer, and the setting of the rotary blade 32 helps to break up the soil agglomerated in the soil layer, and the loose soil can reduce the difficulty of sampling and improve the uniformity of the sampling.
[0055] As required, a rotating handle 43 is provided at the top end of the push rod 42, and the rotating handle 43 is provided above the fixed top plate 11. The push rod 42 can be driven to rotate by rotating the handle 43, thereby realizing the up and down movement of the first drill bit 31 during the rotation process. In order to reduce labor intensity, the top end of the push rod 42 can be matched with the output end of the rotating motor 22, and the rotation of the push rod 42 can be driven by the rotating motor 22, thereby greatly improving the sampling efficiency.
[0056] The collecting assembly 50 includes an annular sampling matrix 51, and the driving assembly 40 is sleeved in the inner diameter channel of the sampling matrix 51. During the sampling process, the soil at the sampling site is first broken up by the first drill bit 31, and then the driving assembly 40 drives the sampling matrix 51 into the soil layer to perform sampling at the target location.
[0057] A plurality of hollow collecting chambers 52 are arranged around the interior of the sampling base 51, and a movable window 53 corresponding to the collecting chambers 52 is arranged on the outer wall of the sampling base 51. A sampling bucket 56 is arranged inside the collecting chamber 52, and the driving assembly 40 can drive the sampling bucket 56 to move back and forth radially.
[0058] Specifically, in the driving assembly 40, a sliding sleeve 44 is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the positioning cylinder 41, and the sliding sleeve 44 fits the inner diameter of the sampling substrate 51. A vertical slide groove 45 is provided on the outer wall of the positioning cylinder 41, and a slider 46 is provided on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 44. The sliding sleeve 44 is slidably connected with the slide groove 45 on the positioning cylinder 41 through the slider 46; a plurality of pull rods 47 extending vertically upward are arranged around the top of the sliding sleeve 44, and one end of the pull rod 47 away from the sliding sleeve 44 passes through the fixed top plate 11 and is exposed to the upper part of the support assembly 10. The tops of the plurality of pull rods 47 are fixedly connected by a pull ring 48, and the pull ring 48 is pulled up and down to drive the sliding sleeve 44 to move up and down relative to the positioning cylinder 41. One end of the sampling bucket 56 away from the movable window 53 is movably connected to the sliding sleeve 44 through a hinge rod 57; the top of the movable window 53 is connected to the sliding sleeve 44 through a guide wheel 54 and a rope body 55.
[0059] After the collection assembly 50 reaches the designated sampling site, the sliding sleeve 44 is moved downward to drive the movable window 53 to move upward, thereby opening the collection chamber 52. At the same time, the sampling bucket 56 moves radially outward along the sampling base 51, and the soil outside the base can be sampled smoothly. After collecting the sample, the sliding sleeve 44 is pulled upward to drive the sampling bucket 56 to return radially to the inside of the collection chamber 52. At the same time, the movable window 53 moves downward to close the collection chamber 52, which can prevent the collected soil sample from being contaminated. It can ensure the accuracy of the sampling site and prevent the mixing of soils at different sampling depths. Multiple collection chambers 52 are evenly arranged around, and soil samples at corresponding sites can be collected from different angles to ensure the effectiveness of sampling.
[0060] A partition 58 is horizontally arranged in the middle of the collecting bin 52, and the movable window 53 is located above the partition 58; a plurality of first holes are evenly distributed on the partition 58, and a sampling hopper 56 is arranged above the partition 58, and a plurality of second holes are evenly distributed on the bottom plate of the sampling hopper 56. The sampling hopper 56 has a wedge-shaped cross section, and the open end of the sampling hopper 56 is arranged toward the movable window 53, and a sawtooth is arranged on the side of the sampling hopper 56 away from the sliding sleeve 44.
[0061] During the radial movement of the sampling bucket 56 along the sampling base 51, the sampling bucket 56 can contact the soil layer outside the collecting bin 52 through the sharper end, which helps the sampling bucket 56 to be smoothly inserted into the soil layer. The serrations provided at the end of the sampling bucket 56 also help to break up the soil layer, loosen the soil layer, and improve the sampling success rate. The soil sample collected by the sampling bucket 56 can enter the lower part of the partition 58 in the collecting bin 52 through the second hole body and the first hole body. In this way, the sampling bucket 56 can be used to perform multiple sampling at the same location, and the samples collected multiple times are mixed, which can improve the reliability of the sample. The sampling method of sampling in small quantities and multiple times can greatly reduce the energy consumption during the sampling process and ensure sufficient sampling volume.
[0062] Example 2
[0063] Fig. 9 and Fig.10 A collecting assembly 50 of a mechanical soil sampling device according to another embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown, which is different from the embodiment 1 in that:
[0064] The outer wall of the sampling base 51 is provided with an annular notch 61, and the movable window 53 is provided in the notch. The setting of the annular notch 61 can form scratches on the surrounding soil layer during the downward movement of the sampling base 51, and the soil can be loosened during the collision between the side wall of the sampling base 51 and the soil layer, so that the difficulty of the sampling bucket 56 extending into the soil layer is reduced, and energy consumption can be reduced. When the vibration generated by the first drill bit 31 in the process of drilling the soil downward is transmitted to the sampling base 51, the contact probability between the annular notch 61 and the surrounding soil layer can be increased, which can effectively consume vibration energy, improve the stability of the device, and also help loosen the soil layer, reducing the difficulty of sampling by the sampling bucket 56.
[0065] The outer wall of the sampling matrix 51 is provided with a plurality of annular grooves 62 at intervals along the axial direction. A crushing assembly 70 is sleeved on the outer side of the sampling matrix 51. The crushing assembly 70 includes an annular crushing matrix 71. The crushing matrix 71 closes the annular grooves 62, and a reinforcing rib 63 is provided in the annular groove 62. The reinforcing rib 63 is used to connect the inner wall of the crushing matrix 71 with the outer wall of the sampling matrix 51. The outer wall of the crushed matrix 71 is provided with a sawtooth 72 protruding out of the crushing matrix 71.
[0066] Therefore, in the process of the sampling matrix 51 moving downward and extending into the sampling site, the saw teeth 72 are arranged on the surface of the crushing matrix 71, which can change the surface contact between the sampling matrix 51 and the soil layer into a point basis, thereby reducing friction and reducing the resistance of the sampling matrix 51 during the downward movement. In addition, the setting of the crushing matrix 71 can crush the soil layer around it, which helps to loosen the soil layer and reduce the difficulty of sampling.
[0067] The cooperation between the crushing base 71 and the annular groove 62 also plays a buffering role. Specifically, the first drill bit 31 moves downward during the rotation process, and generates vibrations in the process of interacting with the soil layer, and the sampling bucket 56, the movable window 53 and other components inside the sampling base 51 also generate vibrations during the activity process. These vibrations are transmitted to the crushing base 71 through the outer wall of the sampling base 51 and the reinforcing ribs 63 in the annular groove 62, etc., which can reduce the internal vibration of the soil sampling device, improve the buffering effect, and improve the structural stability. The setting of the annular groove 62 and the reinforcing ribs 63 inside it can avoid the generation of resonance and reduce noise. In addition, the vibration energy is transmitted to the crushing base 71, which can increase the collision probability of the crushing base 71 and the soil layer, which helps to loosen the soil layer.
[0068] The conventional operations in the operating steps of the present invention are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.
[0069] The embodiments described above provide a detailed description of the technical solutions of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, supplements or similar substitutions made within the scope of the principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. Mechanical soil sampling device, including: A support assembly (10) comprises a fixed top plate (11) and a fixed bottom plate (12) which are arranged correspondingly above and below, and a through hole (13) is provided in the middle of the fixed bottom plate (12); a first drill bit (31), the first drill bit (31) being vertically arranged inside the support assembly (10); A driving assembly (40) comprises a vertically arranged positioning cylinder (41), the upper portion of the positioning cylinder (41) cooperates with the fixed top plate (11), the inner thread of the positioning cylinder (41) is connected to a coaxially arranged push rod (42), the bottom end of the push rod (42) is connected to the first drill bit (31), and the push rod (42) can drive the first drill bit (31) to move up and down; The collecting assembly (50) comprises an annular sampling base (51), the driving assembly (40) is sleeved in the inner diameter channel of the sampling base (51), the first drill bit (31) is located below the sampling base (51), a plurality of hollow collecting chambers (52) are arranged around the inside of the sampling base (51), a movable window (53) corresponding to the collecting chambers (52) is arranged on the outer wall of the sampling base (51), a sampling bucket (56) is arranged inside the collecting chamber (52), and the driving assembly (40) can drive the sampling bucket (56) to move back and forth radially; It is characterized in that A stabilizing assembly (20) is provided at the bottom of the fixed bottom plate (12), and the stabilizing assembly (20) comprises a first stabilizing mechanism provided at the four corners of the fixed bottom plate (12), and a second stabilizing mechanism provided at the edge of the fixed bottom plate (12); The first stabilizing mechanism comprises a second drill bit (21) arranged vertically, the top of the second drill bit (21) is connected to the output end of the rotating motor (22); the second stabilizing mechanism comprises a movable plate (23), the edge of the bottom of the fixed base plate (12) is provided with a fixing groove (14) adapted to the movable plate (23), and the movable plates (23) arranged on both sides of the fixed base plate (12) correspond to each other, one end of the movable plate (23) is rotatably connected to the fixed base plate (12), and the other end of the movable plate (23) can be rotated into or rotated out from the inside of the fixing groove (14).
2. The mechanical soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of vertical installation grooves (24) are evenly arranged at the bottom of the movable plate (23), and a telescopic rod (25) is arranged in the installation groove (24). The bottom end of the telescopic rod (25) is conical, and the telescopic rod (25) can move back and forth up and down.
3. The mechanical soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sliding sleeve (44) is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the positioning cylinder (41), and the sliding sleeve (44) fits the inner diameter of the sampling base (51). A vertical sliding groove (45) is provided on the outer wall of the positioning cylinder (41), and a sliding block (46) is provided on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve (44). The sliding sleeve (44) is slidably connected to the sliding groove (45) on the positioning cylinder (41) through the sliding block (46); the end of the sampling bucket (56) away from the movable window (53) is movably connected to the sliding sleeve (44) through a hinge rod (57); The outer wall of the sampling base (51) is provided with an annular notch (61), the movable window (53) is arranged in the notch, and the top of the movable window (53) is connected to the sliding sleeve (44) via a guide wheel (54) and a rope body (55).
4. The mechanical soil sampling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A partition (58) is horizontally arranged in the middle of the collecting bin (52), and the movable window (53) is located above the partition (58); a plurality of first holes are evenly distributed on the partition (58), the sampling hopper (56) is arranged above the partition (58), and a plurality of second holes are evenly distributed on the bottom plate of the sampling hopper (56).
5. The mechanical soil sampling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sampling bucket (56) has a wedge-shaped cross section, the opening end of the sampling bucket (56) is arranged toward the movable window (53), and a side of the sampling bucket (56) away from the sliding sleeve (44) is provided with saw teeth.
6. The mechanical soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the sampling matrix (51) is provided with a plurality of annular grooves (62) at intervals along the axial direction. The outer side of the sampling matrix (51) is sleeved with a crushing assembly (70). The crushing assembly (70) comprises an annular crushing matrix (71). The crushing matrix (71) closes the annular groove (62). A reinforcing rib (63) is provided in the annular groove (62). The outer wall of the crushing matrix (71) is provided with saw teeth (72) protruding outward.