A new type of floor cotton picking and cleaning integrated dual-purpose machine

Abstract

The application discloses a novel floor cotton picking and cleaning integrated dual-purpose machine, which comprises a gearbox, a picking roller, a trash removing assembly, a cleaning assembly, a wind feeding assembly and a feeding box. The gearbox is in transmission connection with the picking roller, and the picking roller pushes the floor cotton towards the trash removing assembly. The trash removing assembly comprises a first bidirectional spiral blade shaft and a second bidirectional spiral blade shaft. The first bidirectional spiral blade shaft dispersively transports the floor cotton from the middle to the left and right ends. The second bidirectional spiral blade shaft convergently transports the floor cotton from the left and right ends to the middle. The cleaning assembly comprises an inlet roller. The inlet roller transports the floor cotton to the trash removing roller. Most impurities are removed through the transportation of the trash removing roller. The floor cotton is further impurity-removed in the outlet roller. The cotton is adhered to the rack roller. The cotton is brushed from the rack roller into the spiral groove by the long leather brush roller. Finally, the cotton is fed into the feeding box through the wind feeding assembly. The application has the advantages of simple structure, strong applicability, integration of picking, trash removing and separation and boxing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of cotton harvesting technology, specifically relating to a novel dual-purpose machine for picking up and cleaning cotton that falls to the ground. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of agricultural mechanization, cotton harvesting is increasingly using harvesters. However, machine harvesting results in a significant amount of cotton falling to the ground, thus necessitating the development of cotton-picking and cleaning equipment. However, existing equipment often fails to clean cotton from deep trenches effectively, resulting in a low pickup rate. Furthermore, the excessive resistance of the pickup rollers leads to high power consumption and low efficiency. Additionally, cotton lint damage during the picking and cleaning process can result in single-stranded seed cotton, significantly reducing cotton quality and severely lowering purchase prices. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a novel dual-purpose machine for picking up and cleaning cotton on the ground.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A novel integrated cotton picking and cleaning machine includes a gearbox, a picking roller, a waste removal assembly, a cleaning assembly, a pneumatic conveying assembly, and a feed hopper.

[0006] The bidirectional output shafts on both sides of the gearbox are connected to the two ends of the pickup roller. The pickup roller rotates under the drive of the gearbox and pushes the fallen cotton towards the impurity removal component.

[0007] The impurity removal assembly includes a first bidirectional spiral blade shaft, a second bidirectional spiral blade shaft, and a steel bar screen. The first and second bidirectional spiral blade shafts are arranged parallel to the pickup roller, and all three rotate synchronously. The first bidirectional spiral blade shaft has a bidirectional spiral structure with left spiral blades for leftward spiral conveying and right spiral blades for rightward spiral conveying on the shaft body. It disperses and conveys the fallen cotton pushed by the pickup roller from the middle to both ends, and then conveys it to the second bidirectional spiral blade shaft. The second bidirectional spiral blade shaft has a bidirectional spiral structure with left spiral blades for leftward spiral conveying and right spiral blades for rightward spiral conveying on the shaft body. It gathers and conveys the fallen cotton pushed by the first bidirectional spiral blade shaft from both ends to the middle, and then conveys it to the cleaning assembly. The steel bar screen is located below the first and second bidirectional spiral blade shafts. During the conveying process, some impurities on the fallen cotton are filtered out by the steel bar screen.

[0008] The cotton cleaning assembly includes a cotton inlet roller, multiple impurity discharge rollers, multiple cotton outlet rollers, a rack roller, and a long brush roller arranged in parallel. Arc-shaped screens are located below the cotton inlet roller, multiple impurity discharge rollers, and multiple cotton outlet rollers, and these screens are interconnected. The cotton inlet rollers transport the cotton from the impurity discharge assembly to the multiple impurity discharge rollers. After being transported by the multiple impurity discharge rollers, most impurities are filtered out by the screens. The cotton is then fed into the multiple cotton outlet rollers for further impurity removal. The cotton after impurity removal is stuck to the rack roller, and then the long brush roller brushes the cotton from the rack roller into the spiral groove. The conveying threaded shaft in the spiral groove transports the cotton to the pneumatic conveying assembly.

[0009] The pneumatic conveying assembly includes a conveying duct, a fan, an air supply duct, and a bend interface. The lower end of the conveying duct is located below the spiral groove, and the conveying duct has a feed inlet, which connects the conveying duct to the output end of the conveying threaded shaft, allowing cotton to fall into the conveying duct. At the same time, the lower end of the conveying duct is connected to the fan through the air supply duct, and the upper end of the conveying duct is connected to the bend interface, with a gap between them. The bend interface is located on the side wall of the feed box and connects to the inside of the feed box, thereby feeding cotton into the feed box.

[0010] Furthermore, the gearbox performs bidirectional output transmission driven by the rear output shaft of the tractor.

[0011] Furthermore, the surface of the pickup roller is provided with several belts, which makes it easier to push the fallen cotton toward the waste removal component; at the same time, the end of the belt is provided with a steel sleeve to increase the wear resistance of the belt.

[0012] Furthermore, multiple flat iron bars are welded to the surface of the pickup roller to clamp the belt. Each flat iron bar is evenly distributed along the circumference of the pickup roller, so that multiple flat iron bars are welded to the surface of the pickup roller to form a fan-shaped pickup roller.

[0013] Furthermore, the impurity removal assembly also includes a first partition baffle and a second partition baffle. The first partition baffle is disposed between the first bidirectional spiral blade shaft and the second bidirectional spiral blade shaft, and discharge ports are respectively provided at the left and right ends of the first partition baffle. The second bidirectional spiral blade shaft is disposed between the second bidirectional spiral blade shaft and the cleaning assembly, and discharge port is provided at the middle position of the second bidirectional spiral blade shaft.

[0014] Furthermore, the cross-section of the steel bar screen is an arc shape that matches the circular outer contour of the first bidirectional helical blade shaft and the second bidirectional helical blade shaft, respectively.

[0015] Furthermore, a screen is provided on the lower front side between the input and output of the rack roller to screen out the shaken-off impurities.

[0016] Furthermore, a conveyor belt is provided below the arc-shaped screen for conveying the screened impurities.

[0017] Furthermore, the cotton cleaning assembly also includes an air-gathering plate. The top of the air-gathering plate is located near the connection between the conveying duct and the air supply duct, and the main body of the air-gathering plate is positioned towards the inside of the conveying duct and the lower end of the conveying duct is narrowed to increase the ventilation volume. The end of the air-gathering plate extends to completely block the feed inlet to prevent the lower end of the conveying duct from being blocked when a large amount of cotton falls.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a threaded conveyor assembly for replacing the pneumatic conveyor assembly. The threaded conveyor assembly includes a threaded conveyor shaft, a cylindrical screen, and a feed cylinder. The threaded conveyor shaft is located inside the cylindrical screen and is coaxial with the cylindrical screen. The bottom side wall of the cylindrical screen is connected to the side outlet of the spiral groove, and the top side wall of the cylindrical screen is connected to the inside of the feed box through the feed cylinder. Thus, the cylindrical screen and the feed cylinder form a conveying channel connecting the spiral groove and the feed box. The threaded conveyor shaft located inside the cylindrical screen conveys cotton from the bottom of the cotton cleaning assembly upwards into the feed box.

[0019] Beneficial effects: This invention has a simple structure, strong applicability, and integrates picking, cleaning and separation, and packing. It uses a picking roller to pick up fallen cotton, a two-stage bidirectional threaded conveyor structure, and a cotton cleaning mechanism to separate fallen cotton from branches, and a blower for conveying. This ensures that the entire process from ground to storage avoids high-intensity suction, squeezing, or other behaviors that could damage the cotton structure. It also reduces production costs, increases cotton harvest rate, and reduces waste and economic losses. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a partial transmission device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pickup roller structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the belt structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pneumatic conveying component provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a threaded transmission assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram, 1-gearbox, 2-pickup roller, 3-waste removal assembly, 4-cleaning assembly, 5-pneumatic conveying assembly, 6-feed box, 7-thread conveyor assembly;

[0027] 11-Active chain;

[0028] 21-Belt, 22-Steel sleeve, 23-Bridge sprocket, 24-Single row sprocket, 25-First flat iron, 26-Second flat iron;

[0029] 31-First bidirectional helical blade shaft, 32-Second bidirectional helical blade shaft, 33-First dividing baffle, 34-Second dividing baffle, 35-Rebar strip screen, 36-Pulling plate, 37-Bridge sprocket, 38-Driven chain, 39-Single row sprocket;

[0030] 41-Infeed roller, 42-Discharge roller, 43-Outfeed roller, 44-Rack roller, 45-Long leather brush roller, 46-Arc-shaped screen, 47-Spiral groove, 48-Conveyor threaded shaft, 49-Conveyor belt;

[0031] 51-Conveying air duct, 52-Fan, 53-Air supply duct, 54-Bend interface, 55-Air concentrator, 56-Feed inlet;

[0032] 71-Threaded conveyor shaft, 72-Cylindrical screen, 73-Feed cylinder, 74-Motor, 75-Conveyor wheel, 76-Conveyor belt. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will be described below with reference to specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the scope of the invention in any way.

[0034] A new type of dual-purpose machine for picking up and cleaning cotton fibers, such as... Figures 1 to 5 As shown, it includes a gearbox 1, a pickup roller 2, a waste removal assembly 3, a cleaning assembly 4, a pneumatic conveying assembly 5, and a feed box 6.

[0035] The bidirectional output shafts on both sides of the gearbox 1 are respectively connected to the two ends of the pickup roller 2. In this embodiment, the left end of the pickup roller 2 is provided with a bridge sprocket 23, and the right end of the pickup roller 2 is provided with a single row sprocket 24. The bridge sprocket 23 and the single row sprocket 24 are respectively meshed with a drive chain 11, and the two drive chains 11 are meshed with the single row sprockets on both sides of the gearbox 1.

[0036] The pickup roller 2 rotates under the drive of the gearbox 1 and pushes the fallen cotton toward the waste removal component 3. In this embodiment, the pickup roller 2 is provided with several belts 21 on its surface, which makes it easier to push the fallen cotton toward the waste removal component 3. The end of the belt 21 is provided with a steel sleeve 22 to increase the wear resistance of the belt. The pickup roller 2 is welded with multiple flat irons for clamping the belts 21. Each flat iron is evenly distributed along the circumference of the pickup roller, so that multiple flat irons are welded on the surface of the pickup roller 2 to form a fan-shaped pickup roller. The specific dimensions of the pickup roller 2 are: length of 1150mm, diameter between two low points of the flat iron is 219mm, and diameter between two high points of the flat iron is 260mm. Specifically, a row of long first flat irons 25 and three rows of short second flat irons 26 are distributed at intervals on the surface of the pickup roller 2.

[0037] The impurity removal assembly 3 includes a first bidirectional spiral blade shaft 31, a second bidirectional spiral blade shaft 32, a first partition baffle 33, a second partition baffle 34, and a steel bar screen 35. The first bidirectional spiral blade shaft 31 and the second bidirectional spiral blade shaft 32 are arranged parallel to the pickup roller 2, and the three rotate synchronously relative to each other. In this embodiment, the left end of the first bidirectional spiral blade shaft 31 is provided with a bridge sprocket 37, which meshes with two driven chains 38 respectively. One driven chain 38 is connected to the teeth of the bridge sprocket 23 at the same end of the pickup roller 2, and the other driven chain 38 is connected to the cleaning assembly 4 and the pneumatic conveying assembly 5. The right end of the first bidirectional spiral blade shaft 31 is provided with a single row sprocket 39, which is connected to the two ends of the single row sprocket 39 at the same end of the second bidirectional spiral blade shaft 32 via a third driven chain 38, thereby realizing the relative synchronous rotation of the three and driving the cleaning assembly 4 and the pneumatic conveying assembly 5 to rotate.

[0038] The first bidirectional spiral blade shaft 31 adopts a bidirectional spiral structure with left spiral blades for leftward spiral conveying and right spiral blades for rightward spiral conveying on the shaft body. It disperses and conveys the fallen cotton pushed by the pickup roller 2 from the middle to both sides, and then conveys it to the second bidirectional spiral blade shaft 32. The second bidirectional spiral blade shaft 32 adopts a bidirectional spiral structure with left spiral blades for leftward spiral conveying and right spiral blades for rightward spiral conveying on the shaft body. It gathers and conveys the fallen cotton pushed by the first bidirectional spiral blade shaft 31 from both sides to the middle, and then conveys it to the cleaning assembly 4. The first dividing baffle 33 is set on the first bidirectional spiral blade shaft 31. Between the first bidirectional spiral blade shaft 31 and the second bidirectional spiral blade shaft 32, discharge ports are respectively provided at the left and right ends of the first partition baffle 33; the second bidirectional spiral blade shaft 32 is disposed between the second bidirectional spiral blade shaft 32 and the cleaning component 4, and a discharge port is provided in the middle of the second bidirectional spiral blade shaft 32; the steel bar screen 35 is disposed below the first bidirectional spiral blade shaft 31 and the second bidirectional spiral blade shaft 32, and some impurities on the fallen cotton are filtered out by the steel bar screen 35 during the conveying process; in this embodiment, the two ends of the first bidirectional spiral blade shaft 31 are provided with positions corresponding to the discharge ports, and the middle of the first partition baffle 33 is provided with positions corresponding to the discharge ports, respectively.

[0039] The cotton cleaning component 4 includes a cotton inlet roller 41, five impurity discharge rollers 42, three cotton outlet rollers 43, a toothed roller 44, and a long brush roller 45 arranged in parallel. Arc-shaped screens 46 are respectively provided below the cotton inlet roller 41, the five impurity discharge rollers 42, and the three cotton outlet rollers 43. The arc-shaped screens 46 are connected to each other. The cotton inlet roller 41 conveys the cotton that has fallen from the impurity discharge component 3 to the five impurity discharge rollers 42. After being conveyed by the five impurity discharge rollers 42, most of the impurities are filtered out by the screens 46. The cotton that has fallen is sent into the three cotton outlet rollers 43 for further impurity removal. The cotton that has been impurity removed is stuck by the toothed roller 44, and then the long brush roller 45 brushes the cotton from the toothed roller 44 into the spiral groove 47. The conveying threaded shaft 48 in the spiral groove 47 conveys the cotton to the pneumatic conveying component 5.

[0040] The pneumatic conveying assembly 5 includes a conveying duct 51, a blower 52, an air supply duct 53, a bend interface 54, and an air concentrator 55. The lower end of the conveying duct 51 is located below the spiral groove 47, and the conveying duct 51 is provided with an inlet 56, so that the conveying duct 51 is connected to the output end of the conveying threaded shaft 48, thereby allowing cotton to fall into the conveying duct 51. At the same time, the lower end of the conveying duct 51 is connected to the blower 52 through the air supply duct 53, and the upper end of the conveying duct 51 is connected to the bend interface 54. There is a gap between them; the curved interface 54 is set on the side wall of the feed box 6 and communicates with the inside of the feed box 6, so as to send cotton into the feed box 6; the top of the air-gathering plate 55 is set near the connection between the conveying air duct 51 and the air supply air duct 53, and the main body of the air-gathering plate 55 is set towards the inside of the conveying air duct 51 and the lower port of the conveying air duct 51 is narrowed, thereby increasing the ventilation volume. The end of the air-gathering plate 55 extends to completely block the feed port 56, so as to prevent the lower port of the conveying air duct 51 from being blocked when a large amount of cotton falls.

[0041] like Figure 5 As shown, another embodiment is also provided, which replaces the threaded conveying assembly 7 of the pneumatic conveying assembly 5. The threaded conveying assembly 7 includes a threaded conveying shaft 71, a cylindrical screen 72, a feed cylinder 73, a motor 74, a conveying wheel 75, and a conveying belt 76. The threaded conveying shaft 71 is disposed inside the cylindrical screen 72 and is coaxially arranged with the cylindrical screen 72. The bottom side wall of the cylindrical screen 72 is connected to the side outlet of the spiral groove 47. The top side wall of the cylindrical screen 72 is connected to the inside of the feed box 6 through the feed cylinder 73. Thus, the cylindrical screen 72 and the feed cylinder 73 form a conveying channel connecting the spiral groove 47 and the feed box 6. The threaded conveying shaft 71 located inside the cylindrical screen 72 conveys cotton from the bottom of the cleaning assembly 4 upward into the feed box 6. The bottom of the threaded conveyor shaft 71 is provided with a conveyor wheel 75, which is connected to the conveyor wheel 7 on the output shaft of the motor 74 via a conveyor belt 76. The motor 74 is located on the outer wall of the spiral cylinder outside the threaded conveyor shaft 71, and the output shaft of the motor 74 is arranged parallel to the threaded conveyor shaft 71. In this embodiment, the spiral groove 47 adopts a cylindrical screen structure, which, together with the cylindrical screen 72, further screens out impurities from the cotton being conveyed.

[0042] In this embodiment, the gearbox 1 performs bidirectional output transmission driven by the rear output shaft of the tractor.

[0043] In this embodiment, the cross-section of the steel bar screen 35 is an arc shape that matches the circular outer contour of the first bidirectional helical blade shaft 31 and the second bidirectional helical blade shaft 32 respectively.

[0044] In this embodiment, a screen is provided on the lower front side between the input and output of the rack roller 44 to screen out the shaken impurities.

[0045] In this embodiment, a conveyor belt 49 is provided below the arc-shaped screen 46 for conveying the screened impurities.

[0046] In this embodiment, the feed box 6 is set on the base frame of the integrated dual-purpose machine. The wheels are connected to the bottom of the base frame by a hydraulic cylinder. When walking on a flat surface, the hydraulic cylinder extends to lift the entire integrated dual-purpose machine. When it is necessary to pick up cotton, the hydraulic cylinder retracts to lower the entire integrated dual-purpose machine, so that the belt can contact the ground and the cotton that has fallen in the trench.

Claims

1. A novel dual-purpose machine for picking up and cleaning cotton fibers, characterized in that: It includes a gearbox, a pickup roller, a waste removal assembly, a cotton cleaning assembly, a pneumatic conveying assembly, and a feed box. The bidirectional output shafts on both sides of the gearbox are connected to the two ends of the pickup roller. The pickup roller rotates under the drive of the gearbox and pushes the fallen cotton toward the waste removal assembly. The impurity removal assembly includes a first bidirectional spiral blade shaft, a second bidirectional spiral blade shaft, and a reinforcing bar screen. A baffle, serving as a first dividing baffle, is provided between the first and second bidirectional spiral blade shafts, with discharge ports at both ends of the baffle. A baffle, serving as a second dividing baffle, is provided between the second bidirectional spiral blade shaft and the cleaning assembly, with a discharge port at the middle of the second bidirectional spiral blade shaft. Baffles are provided at the ends of the first bidirectional spiral blade shaft corresponding to the discharge ports, and at the middle of the first dividing baffle corresponding to the discharge ports. The first and second bidirectional spiral blade shafts are arranged parallel to the pickup roller, and all three rotate synchronously. The first bidirectional spiral blade... The shaft adopts a bidirectional spiral structure with left-hand spiral blades for left-hand and right-hand spiral blades for right-hand conveying. This structure disperses and conveys the fallen cotton pushed by the pickup roller from the middle to both sides, and then conveys it to the second bidirectional spiral blade shaft. The second bidirectional spiral blade shaft adopts a bidirectional spiral structure with left-hand spiral blades for left-hand and right-hand spiral blades for right-hand conveying. This structure gathers and conveys the fallen cotton pushed by the first bidirectional spiral blade shaft from both sides to the middle, and then conveys it to the cleaning component. The steel bar screen is located below the first and second bidirectional spiral blade shafts. During the conveying process, some impurities on the fallen cotton are filtered out by the steel bar screen. The cotton cleaning assembly includes a cotton inlet roller, multiple impurity discharge rollers, multiple cotton outlet rollers, a toothed roller, and a long brush roller arranged in parallel. Arc-shaped screens are located below the cotton inlet roller, multiple impurity discharge rollers, and multiple cotton outlet rollers, and these arc-shaped screens are interconnected. The cotton inlet rollers transport the cotton from the impurity discharge assembly to the multiple impurity discharge rollers. After being transported by the multiple impurity discharge rollers, most impurities are filtered out by the screens. The cotton is then fed into the multiple cotton outlet rollers for further impurity removal. The cotton after impurity removal is stuck to the toothed roller, and then the long brush roller brushes the cotton from the toothed roller into the spiral groove. The conveying threaded shaft within the spiral groove of the cylindrical screen structure transports the cotton to the pneumatic conveying assembly. The pneumatic conveying assembly includes a conveying duct, a fan, an air supply duct, and a bend interface. The lower end of the conveying duct is located below the spiral groove, and the conveying duct has a feed inlet, which connects the conveying duct to the output end of the conveying threaded shaft, allowing cotton to fall into the conveying duct. At the same time, the lower end of the conveying duct is connected to the fan through the air supply duct, and the upper end of the conveying duct is connected to the bend interface, with a gap between them. The bend interface is located on the side wall of the feed box and connects to the inside of the feed box, thereby feeding cotton into the feed box.

2. The novel dual-purpose machine for picking up and cleaning cotton as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pickup roller has several belts on its surface, and the ends of the belts are fitted with steel sleeves.

3. The novel dual-purpose machine for picking up and cleaning cotton as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the pickup roller is welded with multiple flat irons for clamping the belt. Each flat iron is evenly distributed along the circumference of the pickup roller, so that the multiple flat irons are welded on the surface of the pickup roller to form a fan-shaped pickup roller.

4. The novel dual-purpose machine for picking up and cleaning cotton as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A screen is provided on the lower front side between the input and output of the rack roller to screen out the shaken-off impurities.

5. The novel dual-purpose machine for picking up and cleaning cotton as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A conveyor belt is provided below the arc-shaped screen to transport the screened impurities.

6. The novel dual-purpose machine for picking up and cleaning cotton as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cotton cleaning assembly also includes an air-gathering plate. The top of the air-gathering plate is located near the connection between the conveying duct and the air supply duct, and the main body of the air-gathering plate is set towards the inside of the conveying duct and the lower port of the conveying duct is narrowed to increase the ventilation volume. The end of the air-gathering plate extends to completely block the feed inlet to prevent the lower port of the conveying duct from being blocked when a large amount of cotton falls.

7. The novel dual-purpose machine for picking up and cleaning cotton as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a threaded conveyor assembly for replacing the pneumatic conveyor assembly. The threaded conveyor assembly includes a threaded conveyor shaft, a cylindrical screen, and a feed cylinder. The threaded conveyor shaft is located inside the cylindrical screen and is coaxial with the cylindrical screen. The bottom side wall of the cylindrical screen is connected to the side outlet of the spiral groove, and the top side wall of the cylindrical screen is connected to the inside of the feed box through the feed cylinder. Thus, the cylindrical screen and the feed cylinder form a conveying channel connecting the spiral groove and the feed box. The threaded conveyor shaft located inside the cylindrical screen conveys cotton from the bottom of the cleaning assembly upwards into the feed box.

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