Automatic ballast filling device and system for track line and track engineering operation vehicle

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automatic ballast-replenishing device, system, and track engineering vehicle for track lines. The automatic ballast-replenishing device comprises: a ballast bucket mounted on a vehicle frame for accommodating ballast; a conveying mechanism disposed below the ballast bucket for quantitatively conveying ballast in the ballast bucket by controlling the conveying mechanism's transmission distance; and a ballast-dropping bucket disposed below the conveying mechanism for controlling the ballast's drop and backfilling into a pick pocket to achieve single, quantitative ballast backfilling. The present invention addresses the technical problems of existing ballast-replenishing devices, such as their susceptibility to malfunction, poor reliability, limited operability, and inability to achieve quantitative ballast distribution control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of railway engineering machinery, and in particular to an automatic ballast backfilling device and system for track line tamping construction work, and a track engineering operation vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Aside from high-speed rail, which uses ballastless track, my country currently has over 100,000 kilometers of conventional lines. These lines require tamping and maintenance as they age. Furthermore, whether replacing rails or laying new lines, the ballast supporting the rails within the trackbed must be tamped using equipment such as tamping vehicles, using tamping picks and other methods to vibrate and stabilize the rails, ensuring a stable and reliable rail support. When laying new track or performing tamping maintenance on existing lines, the tamping vehicle tamps the ballast supporting the rails, causing the ballast to sink and form pick pockets, which require ballast filling. Obviously, during the tamping process, the ballast will sink, forming pick pockets of a certain volume. To ensure that the ballast provides adequate support, these pick pockets need to be replenished and filled with ballast. Currently, the main method of ballast filling is manual ballast transportation and ballast filling, which is both labor-intensive and labor-intensive.

[0003] In the prior art, the following technical solutions are mainly related to the present invention:

[0004] Prior art 1 is a Chinese invention application filed by China Railway Construction High-Tech Equipment Co., Ltd. on September 14, 2018, and published on December 11, 2018, with publication number CN108978370A. The invention discloses a ballast unloading device for backfilling pick pockets, including a ballast bucket and a ballast unloading device. The bottom of the ballast bucket is provided with a ballast unloading port, and an anti-ballast jamming structure is provided between the lower part of the ballast bucket and the ballast unloading device. Compared with the existing manual method, the invention is widely applicable to occasions requiring fixed-point and quantitative unloading, and is particularly suitable for automatic backfilling of pick pockets formed after tamping operations. It can realize fixed-point and quantitative ballast unloading, replacing the existing manual backfilling of pick pockets, which not only greatly reduces manual workload and saves a lot of labor costs, but also greatly improves the work efficiency of backfilling pick pockets. However, the invention is prone to ballast jamming on the edge of the funnel for larger ballast, resulting in damage to the rotating device. Especially when the ballast begins to fill the hopper, the ballast exerts great pressure on the rotating device, making it difficult to separate the ballast into layers at the ballast opening, and the ballast separating device cannot smoothly rotate in and out. Therefore, the ballast unloading device of the invention is prone to failure, has poor reliability, and is not easy to operate.

[0005] Prior Art 2 is a Chinese utility model patent application filed by China Railway Construction High-Tech Equipment Co., Ltd. and China Railway Corporation on January 25, 2019, and published on March 17, 2020, with publication number CN210151491U. This utility model discloses a ballast-splitting device adaptable to different operating positions, comprising a ballast-discharging device and a ballast-splitting device. The ballast-splitting device is located below the ballast-discharging device and includes a ballast-splitting bucket and an adjustable ballast-splitting mechanism. The adjustable ballast-splitting mechanism includes a ballast-splitting bucket hydraulic cylinder, guide rods, and guide rod columns. A fastener sensing device is provided below the ballast-splitting device, comprising a fastener-sensing lifting beam and a fastener-sensing sensor. This utility model can transport its own ballast on board and automatically backfill the pick pocket with ballast. It can automatically adjust the direction of ballast placement to backfill the roadbed with ballast at different sleeper spacings when the sleeper spacing is inconsistent. It can effectively improve the density of ballast between sleepers, further enhance the stability of the roadbed, and ensure the safety of train operation. However, this utility model mainly uses an oil cylinder to drive the ballast bucket to swing along the length of the rails to adapt to different sleeper spacings. At the same time, the ballast placement device of this utility model has the same structure as the existing technology 1 and has similar technical defects.

[0006] Prior Art 3 is a Chinese invention application filed by China Railway Construction High-Tech Equipment Co., Ltd. on August 31, 2018, and published on December 21, 2018, with publication number CN109056433A. This invention discloses a sleeper ballast maintenance device, comprising a trolley frame with a ballast compacting trolley mounted below it, and a pick-hole backfilling device mounted on the trolley frame. The pick-hole backfilling device includes a ballast bucket, a ballast unloading device, a ballast separator, and a ballast filling power source. The ballast unloading device is driven by the ballast filling power source to rotate, achieving quantitative ballast unloading. The ballast separator is used to guide the ballast released from the ballast unloading device into the sleeper pick-holes on both sides of the rail. Compared to existing manual methods, this invention can be integrated into large-scale road maintenance machinery and equipped with a corresponding intelligent detection and control system. It can simultaneously automatically backfill the tamping pits and automatically compact the ballast between sleepers, enabling fixed-point and fixed-quantity ballast placement and compaction, replacing manual labor. This not only significantly saves labor costs but also significantly improves maintenance efficiency. However, the operating device of this invention cannot achieve the offset of the vehicle centerline during curved section operations, and the ballast bucket cannot be aligned with the pick pits, making it only suitable for straight section operations. At the same time, the ballast placement principle of this invention is the same as that of the prior art 1.

[0007] Prior Art 4 is a Chinese utility model patent application filed by Hebei Rongkun Railway Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd. on September 24, 2019, and published on June 26, 2020, with publication number CN210856812U. This utility model discloses a ballast distribution device for track laying, comprising a vehicle body and four wheels mounted on the vehicle body. A ballast bucket is provided on the top of the vehicle body, and a ballast distribution conveyor is provided on the bottom of the vehicle body. The discharge port of the ballast bucket is located above the ballast distribution conveyor. The ballast in the ballast bucket is automatically discharged when transported by a belt conveyor. The belt conveyor can also move laterally along the large cabinet, allowing the ballast to be laid at any location near the track. This utility model is simple to operate, and the ballast in the ballast bucket is automatically discharged when transported by the belt conveyor. Furthermore, the belt conveyor can move laterally along the guide rails, allowing the ballast to be laid at any location near the track, significantly improving ballast laying efficiency and reducing worker labor. However, the ballast leveling device of the utility model is used to lay the ballast at any position near the track, and does not realize quantitative ballast distribution control. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a track line automatic ballast replenishing device, system and track engineering operation vehicle to solve the technical problems that the existing ballast replenishing device is prone to failure, has poor reliability, is not practical in operation, and cannot achieve quantitative ballast distribution control.

[0009] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention specifically provides a technical implementation scheme of an automatic ballast filling device for a track line, the automatic ballast filling device for a track line comprising:

[0010] A ballast bucket mounted on the frame to hold ballast;

[0011] A conveying mechanism is provided below the ballast bucket, and quantitatively conveys the ballast in the ballast bucket by controlling the transmission distance of the conveying mechanism;

[0012] The ballast bucket is arranged below the conveying mechanism to control the ballast to fall and backfill it into the pick pocket to achieve a single quantitative backfill of the ballast.

[0013] Furthermore, the device also includes a gate valve connected between the ballast outlet below the ballast bucket and the conveying mechanism, which is used to control the ballast in the ballast bucket to fall to the conveying mechanism.

[0014] Furthermore, the device also includes a ballast distribution bucket connected between the conveying mechanism and the ballast dropping bucket, which is used to distribute the ballast quantitatively transported by the conveying mechanism.

[0015] Furthermore, the lower part of the ballast hopper is symmetrically formed with two identical inverted conical hopper openings along the transverse direction, which are connected to the ballast outlet and are used to fill the ballast pits on both sides of the two rails. A gate valve is provided below each ballast outlet, and a set of conveying mechanisms is provided below the gate valve. Two ballast dividing hoppers are provided below the conveying mechanism, and a ballast dropping hopper is provided below each of the two ballast dividing hoppers. The ballast dropping hoppers are arranged in the transverse direction to correspond to the four ballast pits between every two rail sleepers. The ballast quantitatively transported by the conveying mechanism is divided into two parts by the ballast dividing hopper, and then falls through the ballast dropping hopper and is backfilled into the ballast pits.

[0016] Furthermore, the gate valve includes a frame, a rotating door, a gate, and a second power mechanism. The gate is arranged on one side of the hollow bottom of the frame and partially closes the bottom of the frame. The rotating door is movably arranged on the other side of the frame. The second power mechanism is movably connected to the gate, and the gate can be driven to move along the length of the frame by the second power mechanism. When the gate and the rotating door are in the open state, the first power mechanism drives the reduction mechanism to rotate, and the belt conveys the ballast from the ballast outlet. The ballast falls into the ballast dividing bucket and is evenly divided and falls into the ballast dropping bucket below. The distance of the belt conveyance is controlled by controlling the number of rotations of the first power mechanism, thereby achieving a single quantitative ballast removal.

[0017] Furthermore, the conveying mechanism utilizes a belt conveyor structure and includes a first power mechanism, a speed reduction mechanism, a belt, and a roller. The first power mechanism drives the speed reduction mechanism, which in turn drives the belt to rotate, and the roller is used to transmit power to the belt's rotation. When the automatic ballast feeding device malfunctions and requires maintenance, the ballast outlet of the gate valve can be closed by closing the gate and rotating the door, ensuring that ballast does not slip out during maintenance operations.

[0018] Furthermore, a ballast drop valve is provided below the ballast drop bucket, and a valve drive mechanism is hingedly connected between the ballast drop bucket and the ballast drop valve. When the ballast drop opening of the ballast drop bucket is facing upwards from the pick pocket, the ballast drop valve is driven by the valve drive mechanism to open, allowing ballast to fall into the pick pocket. The ballast drop valve then closes, and ballast continues to fall into the ballast distribution bucket for the next ballast replenishment operation.

[0019] Furthermore, the ballast bucket is equipped with a transverse mechanism comprising a screw module and a transverse drive mechanism. The ballast bucket is mounted on the ballast bucket via support rollers and is also equipped with vertical limit blocks. The ballast bucket is connected to the slide of the screw module via a transverse push rod. The transverse drive mechanism rotates the screw of the screw module, which in turn drives the slide to move laterally. The ballast bucket moves laterally in response to the movement of the slide.

[0020] Furthermore, when the track is straight, the ballast bucket is positioned in the center by the screw module, with the four ballast drop openings located directly above the pick pockets. When the track is curved, the screw module is controlled by the pick pocket deviation signal measured and given in front to drive the ballast bucket to move laterally to adjust the lateral position so that the ballast falls accurately into the pick pockets.

[0021] The present invention also specifically provides a technical implementation scheme for an automatic ballast replenishing system for a track line, and the automatic ballast replenishing system for a track line includes: the automatic ballast replenishing device as described above, a control device, and a detection device arranged on the frame of a track engineering work vehicle and located in front of the operation of the automatic ballast replenishing device. The track engineering work vehicle is running continuously, and when the ballast drop port is located directly above the pick pocket, the control device outputs a trigger signal to control the valve drive mechanism to drive the ballast drop valve to open, and the ballast falls from the ballast drop bucket into the pick pocket. At the same time, the control device infers the distance of the next group of four pick pockets based on the spacing of the next group of sleepers measured by the front detection device, and then calculates the time required to pass through the next group of four pick pockets based on the operating vehicle speed, and automatically adjusts the rotation speed of the first power mechanism. When ballast dropping is complete, the ballast dropping valve closes, and the ballast is conveyed by a belt into the ballast distribution bucket, where it is evenly distributed. When the ballast bucket passes over the next set of four pickaxes, the control device outputs a trigger signal to control the ballast dropping valve to open for the next ballast filling operation. This process is repeated, enabling the track construction vehicle to automatically and accurately fill ballast during continuous operation.

[0022] Furthermore, the control device performs correlation control through the running speed of the belt, the operating vehicle speed, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the ballast outlet of the ballast bucket to achieve quantitative ballast replenishment. The ballast outlet of the belt is , the operating speed is When the detection device detects that the distance between two adjacent sleepers is , then the time until the next ballast filling is During this period, the belt travels a distance , then the next ballast replenishment amount is During the ballast filling operation, 、 、 As a quantitative measure, the control device is based on the working vehicle speed. The belt speed is calculated based on the change of The first power mechanism adjusts the running speed of the belt .

[0023] Furthermore, when the rail engineering work vehicle moves When the vehicle is running, the road spikes are detected first and then the ballast filling action is performed. The time it takes for the detection device to detect the road spikes is recorded as , , Assume that the structural comprehensive response delay time of the control device and the automatic ballast filling device is , the time of each ballast outlet opening is recorded as , , the vehicle speed when the ballast outlet is opened is , then the ballast outlet reaches the When the middle of the sleeper in front of the spike, the following formula is satisfied:

[0024]

[0025] in, The distance from the detection device to the ballast outlet, For The speed of the vehicle, It is the height of the ballast from the ballast drop port to the pickaxe hole. is the acceleration due to gravity.

[0026] The present invention further specifically provides a technical implementation solution for a track engineering operation vehicle, which includes a vehicle frame and the automatic ballast replenishing system for the track line as described above.

[0027] By implementing the technical solutions of the track automatic ballast replenishing device, system and track engineering operation vehicle provided by the present invention, the following beneficial effects are achieved:

[0028] (1) The automatic ballast replenishing device, system and track engineering operation vehicle of the present invention are safe to operate, highly reliable and practical, and can realize quantitative ballast distribution control;

[0029] (2) The automatic ballast replenishing device, system and track engineering operation vehicle of the present invention adopt a belt conveyor mechanism to realize the transportation of ballast of different sizes. The ballast is transported out of the ballast bucket by the belt conveyor mechanism, thereby avoiding ballast jamming.

[0030] (3) The automatic ballast filling device, system and track engineering operation vehicle of the present invention realize quantitative and accurate backfilling through precise control of the motor, avoid frequent starting and stopping of the motor during continuous ballast filling by setting a ballast-dropping valve, and compensate for the offset of the pick by setting a screw module. It can realize the precise positioning of the ballast falling during ballast filling, and meet the ballast filling requirements of curved operations;

[0031] (4) The automatic ballast replenishing device, system and track engineering operation vehicle of the present invention control the ballast in the ballast bucket to fall to the conveying mechanism by setting a plug valve between the ballast bucket and the conveying mechanism. When the belt conveyor or the system fails and needs maintenance, the ballast bucket outlet can be closed by closing the plug valve and the pin shaft rotating door, ensuring that the ballast will not slip out during maintenance operations, thereby greatly improving the safety of the ballast replenishing operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be derived from these drawings without inventive effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal arrangement structure of a specific embodiment of the automatic ballast replenishing device for track lines of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal arrangement structure of a specific embodiment of the automatic ballast replenishing device for track lines of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a plug-in valve in a specific embodiment of the automatic ballast replenishing device for track lines of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the ballast bucket and the ballast bucket in a specific embodiment of the automatic ballast replenishing device for track lines of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the ballast bucket and the ballast bucket in a specific embodiment of the automatic ballast replenishing device for track lines of the present invention, viewed from another perspective;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the ballast bucket and the ballast bucket in a specific embodiment of the automatic ballast replenishing device for track lines of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the ballast bucket and the ballast bucket in a specific embodiment of the automatic ballast replenishing device for track lines of the present invention, viewed from another perspective;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the quantitative ballast filling principle of a specific embodiment of the automatic ballast filling device for track lines of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the quantitative ballast filling principle of a specific embodiment of the automatic ballast filling device for track lines of the present invention from another perspective;

[0042] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the differential compensation principle of a specific embodiment of the automatic ballast replenishing device for track lines of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 11 This is a structural principle block diagram of a specific embodiment of the track line automatic ballast replenishing system of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 12 This is a partial structural diagram of a specific embodiment of a rail engineering work vehicle of the present invention;

[0045] In the figure: 1- ballast bucket, 2- gate valve, 3- conveying mechanism, 4- ballast separator, 5- ballast drop bucket, 6- ballast drop valve, 7- first power mechanism, 8- speed reduction mechanism, 9- valve drive mechanism, 10- frame, 11- transverse movement mechanism, 12- screw module, 13- transverse movement drive mechanism, 14- transverse movement push rod, 15- vertical limit block, 16- support roller, 17- frame, 18- revolving door, 19 - plug plate, 20- lead screw, 21- second power mechanism, 22- ballast outlet, 23- ballast outlet, 24- ballast drop outlet, 25- belt, 26- roller, 30- rail, 40- sleeper, 50- track bed, 60- pickaxe hole, 70- spike, 100- automatic ballast feeding device, 200- ballast, 300- track engineering work vehicle, 301- driver's cab, 400- control device, 500- detection device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] As attached Figure 1 To the attached Figure 12 As shown, specific embodiments of the automatic ballast replenishing device, system and track engineering operation vehicle of the present invention are given. The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0048] Generally, after the ballast tamping operation is carried out on the track, two pick pockets 60 will be formed in the roadbed 50 area between the two sleepers 40 on both sides of each rail 30, so four pick pockets 60 will be formed between the two sleepers 40 of the two rails 30. In order to solve this technical problem, the specific embodiment of the present invention aims at the technical problem that the pick pockets 60 are formed after the track line is tamped, and manual ballast backfilling is required, which is labor-intensive and labor-intensive. A new ballast automatic ballast filling and backfilling device, system and track engineering operation vehicle are proposed. The specific embodiment of the present invention utilizes a belt transmission mechanism to quantitatively transport the ballast 200 pre-loaded in the ballast bucket 1 and drop it into the pick pocket 60, completing the automatic ballast filling and precise backfilling operation. The belt conveyor can also be replaced by a chain conveyor or other similar functional structure. The device and system described in the specific embodiment of the present invention can be applied to continuous operation or step-by-step operation construction vehicles.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of an automatic ballast replenishing device 100 for a track line of the present invention specifically includes:

[0051] A ballast bucket 1 mounted on the vehicle frame 10 and used to accommodate ballast 200;

[0052] The conveying mechanism 3 is provided below the ballast bucket 1 and quantitatively conveys the ballast 200 in the ballast bucket 1 by controlling the transmission distance of the conveying mechanism 3;

[0053] The ballast bucket 5 provided below the conveying mechanism 3 controls the ballast 200 to fall and backfill it into the pick pocket 60 , so as to realize single quantitative backfilling of the ballast 200 .

[0054] The automatic ballast feeding device 100 also includes a gate valve 2 connected between the ballast outlet 22 below the ballast bucket 1 and the conveying mechanism 3, which is used to control the ballast 200 in the ballast bucket 1 to fall to the conveying mechanism 3. The automatic ballast feeding device 100 also includes a ballast distributor 4 connected between the conveying mechanism 3 and the ballast dropper 5, which is used to distribute the ballast 200 delivered in a fixed quantity by the conveying mechanism 3.

[0055] As a typical specific embodiment of the present invention, the ballast bucket 1 is fixed to the crossbeam of the frame 10 by bolts, and the lower part of the ballast bucket 1 is horizontally (as shown in the attached Figure 1Two identical inverted conical bucket openings are symmetrically formed (in the direction shown by W in the figure), which are connected to the ballast outlet 22 and are used to add ballast to the pick pockets 60 on both sides of the two rails 30. A gate valve 2 is provided below each ballast outlet 22, and a set of conveying mechanism 3 is provided below the gate valve 2. Two ballast dividing buckets 4 are provided below the conveying mechanism 3, and a ballast dropping bucket 5 is provided below each of the two ballast dividing buckets 4. The ballast dropping buckets 5 are arranged in the horizontal direction corresponding to the four pick pockets 60 between every two rail sleepers 40. As shown in the attached figure Figure 7 As shown, the ballast 200 quantitatively transported by the transport mechanism 3 is divided into two parts by the ballast dividing bucket 4 , and then falls through the ballast dropping bucket 5 and is backfilled into the pick pocket 60 .

[0056] As attached Figure 3 As shown, the gate valve 2 further includes a frame 17, a rotating door 18, a gate 19, and a second power mechanism 21. The gate 19 is arranged on one side of the hollow bottom of the frame 17 and partially closes the bottom of the frame 17. The rotating door 18 is movably arranged on the other side of the frame 17. The second power mechanism 21 is movably connected to the gate 19. The gate 19 can be driven by the second power mechanism 21 to move along the length direction of the frame 17 (as shown in the attached figure). Figure 3 The second power mechanism 21 can be specifically constructed as a combination of a handwheel, a screw 20, and a slider. One end of the screw 20 is connected to the handwheel, and the other end engages an internally threaded slider, which is fixed to the insert plate 19. When the insert plate 19 and the rotating door 18 are open, the first power mechanism 7 drives the reduction mechanism 8 to rotate, and the belt 25 conveys the ballast 200 from the ballast outlet 22. The ballast 200 falls into the ballast distributing bucket 4, where it is evenly distributed and falls into the ballast dropping bucket 5 below. The conveying distance of the belt 25 is controlled by controlling the number of revolutions of the first power mechanism 7, thereby achieving a single quantitative ballast removal.

[0057] As attached Figure 2 As shown, the conveying mechanism 3 further employs a belt conveyor structure and includes a first power mechanism 7, a speed reduction mechanism 8, a belt 25, and a roller 26. The first power mechanism 7 (which can specifically be a speed-regulating motor) drives the speed reduction mechanism 8, which in turn drives the belt 25 to rotate. The roller 26 is used to transmit power to the belt 25's rotation. When the automatic ballast replenishing device 100 malfunctions and requires maintenance, the lower ballast opening 23 of the gate valve 2 can be closed by closing the gate 19 and rotating the door 18 to prevent the ballast 200 from slipping out during maintenance. According to railway crushed stone ballast standards, the size of the ballast 200 ranges from 16 mm to 63 mm. Due to this large size range, the belt drive mechanism must not only transport the ballast 200 but also prevent it from getting stuck.

[0058] As attached Figure 4 、 5As shown in Figure 6, a transverse mechanism 11 is installed on the ballast bucket 4, which further includes a screw module 12 and a transverse drive mechanism 13. The ballast bucket 5 is installed on the ballast bucket 4 through support rollers 16. The ballast bucket 4 is also provided with a vertical limit block 15. The ballast bucket 5 is connected to the slide of the screw module 12 through a transverse push rod 14. The transverse drive mechanism 13 (which can be a motor, cylinder, oil cylinder or electric cylinder) drives the screw of the screw module 12 to rotate, and the rotation of the screw drives the slide to move horizontally (as shown in the attached figure). Figure 4 and attached Figure 5 The ballast bucket 5 moves in the direction indicated by W in the figure, and the ballast bucket 5 follows the movement of the slide to achieve lateral displacement. When the track is straight, the ballast bucket 5 is positioned in the center by the screw module 12, and the four ballast drop openings 24 are located directly above the pick pocket 60. When the track is curved, the track engineering vehicle 300 passes through the curve, and the pick pocket 60 has a certain external offset. This offset needs to be compensated laterally. The screw module 12 is controlled by the pick pocket deviation signal measured and given in the front to drive the ballast bucket 5 to move laterally to adjust the lateral position, so that the ballast 200 falls accurately into the pick pocket 60, realizing offset ballast filling when working through curves.

[0059] As attached Figure 5 As shown, a ballast drop valve 6 is provided below the ballast drop bucket 5, and a valve drive mechanism 9 is hingedly provided between the ballast drop bucket 5 and the ballast drop valve 6. When the ballast drop opening 24 of the ballast drop bucket 5 is directed toward the top of the pick pocket 60, the ballast drop valve 6 is opened by the valve drive mechanism 9 (which can be a motor, air cylinder, oil cylinder, or electric cylinder), and the ballast 200 falls into the pick pocket 60. The ballast drop valve 6 then closes, and the ballast 200 continues to fall into the ballast sorting bucket 4 to repeat the next ballast filling operation. The provision of the ballast drop valve 6 enables continuous operation of the valve drive mechanism 9 during intermittent ballast filling, thereby avoiding frequent starting and stopping, and simultaneously achieving precise positioning of the ballast 200 during ballast backfilling.

[0060] The automatic ballast filling device 100 for the track described in Example 1 addresses the technical issues of the need for manual ballast filling and backfilling after the tamping of the railway line, which is labor-intensive and labor-intensive. A new automatic ballast filling and backfilling device for ballast is proposed. The automatic ballast filling device 100 uses a belt conveyor mechanism to transport the ballast 200 from the ballast bucket 1, completing the quantitative and precisely positioned ballast filling and backfilling functions. The ballast 200 in the ballast bucket 1 mounted on the frame 10 of the track engineering work vehicle 300 is transported out by the belt conveyor mechanism driven by a speed regulating motor. By controlling the travel of the belt 25 within a single ballast filling cycle, the ballast 200 is quantitatively transported to the ballast dividing bucket 4, and then falls into the ballast dropping bucket 5. Finally, the ballast 200 is controlled by opening and closing the ballast dropping valve 6 to control the falling of the ballast 200 and backfill it into the ballast filling 60.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] As attached Figure 11 and 12 As shown, an embodiment of the automatic ballast replenishing system for track lines according to the present invention specifically includes the automatic ballast replenishing device 100 described in Example 1, a control device 400, and a detection device 500 disposed on the frame 10 of a track engineering vehicle 300 and located in front of the automatic ballast replenishing device 100. The track engineering vehicle 300 continues to travel. When the ballast drop opening 24 is directly above the pick pocket 60, the control device 400 outputs a trigger signal to control the valve drive mechanism 9 to drive the ballast drop valve 6 to open, and ballast 200 falls from the ballast drop bucket 5 into the pick pocket 60. Simultaneously, the control device 400 infers the distance between the next group of sleepers 40 measured by the forward detection device 500, and then calculates the time required to pass through the next group of four pick pockets 60 based on the operating vehicle speed, and automatically adjusts the speed of the first power mechanism 7. When ballast dropping is complete, the ballast drop valve 6 closes, and the ballast 200 is transported by the belt 25 into the ballast distribution bucket 4, where it is evenly distributed and dropped into the ballast drop bucket 5. When the ballast drop bucket 5 passes over the next set of four pick pockets 60, the control device 400 outputs a trigger signal to control the ballast drop valve 6 to open, allowing the next ballast filling operation to proceed. This process is repeated, enabling the track construction vehicle 300 to automatically and accurately fill the ballast during continuous operation.

[0063] As attached Figure 8 and attached Figure 9 As shown, the control device 400 performs associated control through the running speed of the belt 25, the operating vehicle speed, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the ballast outlet 22 of the ballast bucket 1 to achieve quantitative ballast replenishment. The ballast outlet 22 and the running speed of the belt 25 are , the operating speed is When the detection device 500 detects that the distance between two adjacent sleepers 40 is , then the time until the next ballast filling is During this period, the running distance of belt 25 , then the next ballast replenishment amount is During the ballast filling operation, 、 、 As a quantitative measure, the control device 400 is based on the working vehicle speed. The running speed of belt 25 is calculated by the change of and adjust the running speed of the belt 25 through the first power mechanism 7 .

[0064] As attached Figure 10 As shown, when the track engineering vehicle 300 moves toward When the vehicle is running, the road spike 70 is detected first and then the ballast filling action is performed. The time when the detection device 500 detects the road spike 70 is recorded as , , Assume that the structural comprehensive response delay time of the control device 400 and the automatic ballast filling device 100 is The time for each ballast outlet 24 to be opened is recorded as , , the vehicle speed when the ballast outlet 24 is opened is , then the ballast outlet 24 reaches the When the middle of the sleeper 40 in front of the spike 70, the following formula is satisfied:

[0065]

[0066] in, is the distance from the detection device 500 to the ballast drop hole 24, For The speed of the vehicle, The height of the ballast 200 falling from the ballast drop port 24 to the pickaxe hole 60, is the acceleration due to gravity.

[0067]

[0068] Obviously, is a constant, is also a constant, denoted as ,therefore:

[0069]

[0070] Because the volume of each pick pocket 60 is essentially constant, Example 1 can employ quantitative ballast backfilling technology during ballast backfilling. The automatic ballast filling device 100 described in Example 1 utilizes a belt conveyor mechanism for ballast transport. By controlling the belt speed in conjunction with the vehicle speed and the cross-sectional area of ​​the ballast bucket outlet, quantitative ballast filling is achieved. The above calculations indicate that the opening time of the ballast outlet 23 only requires adding a delay correction value to the time of the first spike 70 detection.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] As attached Figure 12 As shown, an embodiment of a rail engineering work vehicle 300 of the present invention specifically includes: a frame 10, and the track line automatic ballast replenishing system as described in Example 2, and a driver's cab 301 is also provided on the frame 10.

[0073] Example 4

[0074] An embodiment of a method for automatic ballast replenishment of a track line based on the track engineering operation vehicle 300 described in Example 3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0075] The track engineering vehicle 300 continues to travel. When the ballast discharge opening 24 is directly above the pick pocket 60, the control device 400 outputs a trigger signal to control the valve drive mechanism 9 to drive the ballast discharge valve 6 to open, and the ballast 200 falls from the ballast discharge bucket 5 into the pick pocket 60. When the ballast discharge is completed, the ballast discharge valve 6 closes. The control device 400 also infers the distance between the next set of four pick pockets 60 based on the spacing of the next set of sleepers 40 measured by the front detection device 500. It then calculates the time required to pass the next set of four pick pockets 60 based on the operating vehicle speed and automatically adjusts the speed of the first power mechanism 7. The ballast 200 in the ballast bucket 1 is transported by the conveying mechanism 3 and falls into the ballast separator 4, and then into the ballast discharge bucket 5. When the ballast discharge bucket 5 passes above the next set of four pick pockets 60, the control device 400 outputs a trigger signal to control the ballast discharge valve 6 to open, and the next ballast replenishment operation begins. This process is repeated to achieve automatic and accurate ballast replenishment of the rail engineering work vehicle 300 during continuous driving.

[0076] A ballast bucket 1 for accommodating ballast 200 is mounted on the vehicle frame 10. A conveying mechanism 3 is provided below the ballast bucket 1. The ballast 200 in the ballast bucket 1 is quantitatively conveyed by controlling the conveying distance of the conveying mechanism 3. A ballast drop bucket 5 is provided below the conveying mechanism 3. This controls the ballast 200 to fall and backfill it into the pick pocket 60, achieving a single quantitative backfill of the ballast 200. A gate valve 2 is provided between the ballast outlet 22 below the ballast bucket 1 and the conveying mechanism 3 to control the ballast 200 in the ballast bucket 1 to fall into the conveying mechanism 3. A ballast distributor 4 is provided between the conveying mechanism 3 and the ballast drop bucket 5 to distribute the ballast 200 quantitatively conveyed by the conveying mechanism 3.

[0077] Two identical inverted conical hopper openings are formed symmetrically in the transverse direction at the lower part of the ballast hopper 1. The hopper openings are connected to the ballast outlet 22 and are used to fill the ballast pits 60 on both sides of the two rails 30. A gate valve 2 is provided below each ballast outlet 22, and a conveying mechanism 3 is provided below the gate valve 2. Two ballast dividing hoppers 4 are provided below the conveying mechanism 3, and a ballast dropping hopper 5 is provided below each of the two ballast dividing hoppers 4. The ballast dropping hoppers 5 are arranged in the transverse direction to correspond to the four ballast pits 60 between every two sleepers 40. The ballast 200 quantitatively conveyed by the conveying mechanism 3 is divided into two parts by the ballast dividing hopper 4, and then falls through the ballast dropping hopper 5 and backfilled into the ballast pits 60.

[0078] The conveying mechanism 3 utilizes a belt conveyor system and includes a first power mechanism 7, a speed reduction mechanism 8, a belt 25, and a roller 26. The first power mechanism 7 drives the speed reduction mechanism 8, which in turn drives the belt 25. The roller 26 provides power transmission for the belt 25's rotation. When the automatic ballast-replenishing device 100 malfunctions and requires maintenance, the ballast outlet 23 of the gate valve 2 is closed by closing the gate 19 and rotating the door 18, ensuring that the ballast 200 does not slip out during maintenance.

[0079] The gate valve 2 comprises a frame 17, a swinging door 18, a gate 19, and a second power mechanism 21. The gate 19 is positioned on one side of the hollow bottom of the frame 17, partially enclosing the bottom. The swinging door 18 is movably positioned on the other side of the frame 17. The second power mechanism 21 is movably connected to the gate 19, driving the gate 19 along the length of the frame 17. When the gate 19 and swinging door 18 are open and the first power mechanism 7 rotates the reduction mechanism 8, a belt 25 conveys ballast 200 from the ballast outlet 22. The ballast 200 falls into the ballast distribution hopper 4 and is evenly distributed into the ballast drop hopper 5 below. The distance conveyed by the belt 25 is controlled by the number of revolutions of the first power mechanism 7, thereby achieving a single, quantitative ballast removal.

[0080] A ballast dropping valve 6 is provided below the ballast dropping bucket 5, and a valve driving mechanism 9 is hingedly provided between the ballast dropping bucket 5 and the ballast dropping valve 6. When the ballast dropping port 24 of the ballast dropping bucket 5 is directed toward the top of the pick pocket 60, the ballast dropping valve 6 is opened by the push of the valve driving mechanism 9, and the ballast 200 falls into the pick pocket 60. Subsequently, the ballast dropping valve 6 is closed, and the ballast 200 continues to fall into the ballast dividing bucket 4 to repeat the next ballast replenishing operation. A transverse movement mechanism 11 is installed on the ballast dividing bucket 4, and the transverse movement mechanism 11 includes a screw module 12 and a transverse movement driving mechanism 13. The ballast dropping bucket 5 is installed on the ballast dividing bucket 4 through the support roller 16, and a vertical limit block 15 is provided on the ballast dividing bucket 4. The ballast bucket 5 is connected to the slide of the screw module 12 through the transverse push rod 14, and the screw of the screw module 12 is driven to rotate by the transverse driving mechanism 13. The rotation of the screw drives the slide to move laterally, and the ballast bucket 5 follows the movement of the slide to achieve lateral displacement.

[0081] When the track is straight, the ballast bucket 5 is positioned in the center by the screw module 12, with the four ballast drop openings 24 located directly above the pick pockets 60. When the track is curved, the pick pocket deviation signal measured by the front detection device 500 and provided by the control device 400 controls the screw module 12 to drive the ballast bucket 5 to move laterally to adjust the lateral position so that the ballast 200 accurately falls into the pick pockets 60.

[0082] In the description of this application, it should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed on" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly set on the other element; when an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0083] It should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0084] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" or "several" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0085] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented. Therefore, they have no technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship or adjustment of size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application without affecting the efficacy and purpose that can be achieved by this application.

[0086] By implementing the technical solutions of the track automatic ballast replenishing device, system, and track engineering operation vehicle described in the specific embodiments of the present invention, the following technical effects can be achieved:

[0087] (1) The track line automatic ballast replenishing device, system and track engineering operation vehicle described in the specific embodiment of the present invention have safe operation, high reliability, strong practicality and can realize quantitative ballast distribution control;

[0088] (2) The automatic ballast replenishing device, system and track engineering operation vehicle described in the specific embodiment of the present invention adopt a belt conveyor mechanism to realize the transportation of ballast of different sizes, and transport the ballast out of the ballast bucket through the belt conveyor mechanism, thereby avoiding the ballast jam;

[0089] (3) The automatic ballast filling device, system and track engineering operation vehicle described in the specific embodiment of the present invention realize quantitative and accurate backfilling through precise control of the motor, avoid frequent starting and stopping of the motor during continuous ballast filling by setting a ballast-dropping valve, and compensate for the offset of the pickaxe by setting a screw module. It can realize the precise positioning of the ballast falling during ballast filling, and meet the ballast filling requirements of curved operations;

[0090] (4) The automatic ballast replenishing device, system and track engineering operation vehicle described in the specific embodiment of the present invention control the ballast in the ballast bucket to fall to the conveying mechanism by setting a plug valve between the ballast bucket and the conveying mechanism. When the belt conveyor or the system fails and needs maintenance, the ballast bucket outlet can be closed by closing the plug valve and the pin shaft rotating door, ensuring that the ballast will not slip out during maintenance operations, thereby greatly improving the safety of the ballast replenishing operation.

[0091] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0092] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any formal limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in terms of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can, without departing from the spirit and technical solution of the present invention, use the methods and technical contents disclosed above to make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention, or modify it into an equivalent embodiment of equivalent changes. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent replacement, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, still fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic ballast filling device for a track line, characterized in that: include: A ballast bucket (1) mounted on a vehicle frame (10) for accommodating ballast (200); A conveying mechanism (3) disposed below the ballast bucket (1) is configured to quantitatively convey the ballast (200) in the ballast bucket (1) by controlling a transmission distance of the conveying mechanism (3); and a ballast bucket (5) arranged below the conveying mechanism (3) to control the ballast (200) to fall and backfill it into the pickaxe cavity (60), thereby achieving single quantitative backfilling of the ballast (200); The device further comprises a gate valve (2) connected between a ballast outlet (22) below the ballast bucket (1) and the conveying mechanism (3), for controlling the ballast (200) in the ballast bucket (1) to fall to the conveying mechanism (3); The device further comprises a ballast distribution bucket (4) connected between the conveying mechanism (3) and the ballast drop bucket (5), for distributing the ballast (200) quantitatively conveyed by the conveying mechanism (3); The gate valve (2) comprises a frame (17), a rotating door (18), a gate (19) and a second power mechanism (21); the gate (19) is arranged on one side of the hollow bottom of the frame (17) and partially closes the bottom of the frame (17); the rotating door (18) is movably arranged on the other side of the frame (17); the second power mechanism (21) is movably connected to the gate (19), and can drive the gate (19) to move along the length direction of the frame (17) through the second power mechanism (21); the conveying mechanism (3) adopts a belt conveying structure and comprises a first power mechanism (7), a speed reduction mechanism (8) and a belt conveyor. The belt (25) drives the speed reduction mechanism (8) through the first power mechanism (7), thereby driving the belt (25) to roll; when the insert plate (19) and the rotating door (18) are in an open state, the first power mechanism (7) drives the speed reduction mechanism (8) to rotate, and the belt (25) transports the ballast (200) from the ballast outlet (22), and the ballast (200) falls into the ballast dividing bucket (4) and is evenly divided and falls into the ballast dropping bucket (5) below; the distance transported by the belt (25) is controlled by controlling the number of rotations of the first power mechanism (7), thereby realizing single quantitative ballast removal; the first power mechanism (7) adopts a speed regulating motor.

2. The automatic ballast replenishing device for track lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower part of the ballast bucket (1) is symmetrically formed with two identical inverted cone-shaped bucket openings in the transverse direction, and the bucket openings are connected to the ballast outlet (22) and are respectively used for ballast filling in the pick pockets (60) on both sides of the two rails (30); a gate valve (2) is provided below each ballast outlet (22), and a set of conveying mechanisms (3) is provided below the gate valve (2); two ballast dividing buckets (4) are provided below the conveying mechanisms (3), and a ballast dropping bucket (5) is provided below each of the two ballast dividing buckets (4); the ballast dropping buckets (5) are arranged in the transverse direction to correspond to the four pick pockets (60) between every two rail sleepers (40); the ballast (200) quantitatively conveyed by the conveying mechanism (3) is divided into two parts through the ballast dividing bucket (4), and then falls through the ballast dropping bucket (5) and is backfilled into the pick pockets (60).

3. The automatic ballast replenishing device for track lines according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The conveying mechanism (3) further comprises a roller (26) for transmitting power to the rolling of the belt (25); when the automatic ballast replenishing device (100) fails and needs maintenance, the lower ballast opening (23) of the gate valve (2) can be closed by closing the gate (19) and the rotating door (18), thereby ensuring that the ballast (200) does not slip out during maintenance operations.

4. The automatic ballast replenishing device for track lines according to claim 3, characterized in that: A ballast dropping valve (6) is provided below the ballast dropping bucket (5), and a valve driving mechanism (9) is hingedly provided between the ballast dropping bucket (5) and the ballast dropping valve (6); when the ballast dropping opening (24) of the ballast dropping bucket (5) faces above the pick pocket (60), the ballast dropping valve (6) is opened by the driving of the valve driving mechanism (9), and the ballast (200) falls into the pick pocket (60); then the ballast dropping valve (6) is closed, and the ballast (200) continues to fall into the ballast dividing bucket (4) to repeat the next ballast replenishing operation.

5. The automatic ballast replenishing device for track line according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ballast bucket (4) is provided with a transverse movement mechanism (11), and the transverse movement mechanism (11) includes a screw module (12) and a transverse movement driving mechanism (13); the ballast bucket (5) is provided on the ballast bucket (4) via a supporting roller (16), and the ballast bucket (4) is also provided with a vertical limit block (15); the ballast bucket (5) is connected to the slide of the screw module (12) via a transverse push rod (14), and the transverse movement driving mechanism (13) drives the screw of the screw module (12) to rotate, and the rotation of the screw drives the slide to move transversely, and the ballast bucket (5) follows the movement of the slide to achieve transverse displacement.

6. The automatic ballast replenishing device for track line according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the track is straight, the ballast bucket (5) is positioned in the center by the screw module (12), and the four ballast drop openings (24) are respectively located directly above the pick pockets (60); when the track is curved, the screw module (12) is controlled by the pick pocket deviation signal measured and given in front to drive the ballast bucket (5) to move laterally to adjust the lateral position, so that the ballast (200) accurately falls into the pick pocket (60).

7. An automatic ballast filling system for track lines, characterized by: The invention comprises an automatic ballast-replenishing device (100) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, a control device (400), and a detection device (500) arranged on a frame (10) of a track engineering work vehicle (300) and located in front of the operation of the automatic ballast-replenishing device (100); the track engineering work vehicle (300) continuously travels, and when the ballast drop opening (24) is located directly above the pick pocket (60), the control device (400) outputs a trigger signal to control the valve drive mechanism (9) to drive the ballast drop valve (6) to open, and the ballast (200) falls from the ballast drop bucket (5) into the pick pocket (60); at the same time, the control device (400) detects the ballast drop opening (24) according to the detection device (500) in front. The distance between a group of sleepers (40) is inferred, and the distance between the next group of four pick holes (60) is inferred. The time required to pass through the next group of four pick holes (60) is then calculated based on the operating vehicle speed, and the rotation speed of the first power mechanism (7) is automatically adjusted. When the ballast dropping is completed, the ballast dropping valve (6) is closed, and the ballast (200) is transported by the belt (25) and falls into the ballast distribution bucket (4), and then evenly falls into the ballast dropping bucket (5), until the ballast dropping bucket (5) passes above the next group of four pick holes (60). The control device (400) outputs a trigger signal to control the ballast dropping valve (6) to open, and the next ballast filling operation is carried out. This is repeated to achieve automatic and accurate ballast filling of the track engineering operation vehicle (300) during continuous driving.

8. The automatic ballast replenishing system for track lines according to claim 7, characterized in that: The control device (400) performs correlation control through the running speed of the belt (25), the operating vehicle speed, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the ballast outlet (22) of the ballast bucket (1), thereby achieving quantitative ballast replenishment; when the cross-sectional area of ​​the lower portion of the ballast bucket (1) is set to The ballast outlet (22) of the belt (25) is , the operating speed is When the detection device (500) detects that the distance between two adjacent sleepers (40) is , then the time until the next ballast filling is , during this period the running distance of the belt (25) , then the next ballast filling amount is ; During the ballast filling operation, 、 、 As a quantitative measure, the control device (400) is based on the operating vehicle speed. The running speed of the belt (25) is calculated by the change of and adjusting the running speed of the belt (25) through the first power mechanism (7) .

9. The automatic ballast replenishing system for track lines according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the track engineering vehicle (300) When the vehicle is running, the road spike (70) is detected first and then the ballast filling action is performed. The time when the detection device (500) detects the road spike (70) each time is recorded as , , Assume that the structural comprehensive response delay time of the control device (400) and the automatic ballast filling device (100) is , the time for each ballast outlet (24) to be opened is recorded as , , the vehicle speed when the ballast outlet (24) is opened is , then the ballast outlet (24) reaches the When the middle of the sleeper (40) in front of the spike (70), the following formula is satisfied: ； in, is the distance from the detection device (500) to the ballast drop hole (24), For The speed of the vehicle, is the height from which the ballast (200) falls from the ballast outlet (24) to the pickaxe hole (60), is the acceleration due to gravity.

10. A track engineering operation vehicle, characterized in that: include: A vehicle frame (10), and an automatic ballast replenishing system for a track line as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 9.

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