A chassis structure integrating a vehicle frame and a battery compartment and a battery replacement method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses an integrated chassis structure of a vehicle frame and a battery compartment, wherein two side battery compartments are symmetrically arranged on the outsides of the left and right longitudinal beams, a central battery compartment is arranged between the left and right longitudinal beams, and four bottom beams are horizontally spaced at the bottoms of the three battery compartments. The battery compartment assembly can be detachably assembled between the two longitudinal beams and on the left and right sides of the frame through the mounting holes at the bottom of the frame longitudinal beams and the mounting holes of the four bottom beams. This structure can highly integrate the battery compartment with the frame, and use the webs of the left and right longitudinal beams of the frame as one side vertical plates of the two side battery compartments, thereby reducing the number of parts of the two side battery compartments, realizing lightweight battery compartment structure, better protecting the power battery system, improving the structural strength and bending-torsional stiffness of the frame, improving the handling stability and safety of the entire vehicle, and facilitating the overall battery replacement of the battery compartment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of chassis integration for electric commercial vehicles, and in particular to a chassis structure in which a vehicle frame and a battery compartment are integrated. Background Art

[0002] In the era of the internet economy, along with the development of e-commerce and logistics companies, the electric commercial vehicle market has developed rapidly and is showing strong growth. Electric commercial vehicles are becoming increasingly widely used, becoming the preferred means of transportation in urban freight, express delivery, and other fields. Mainstream commercial vehicle manufacturers have all developed their own pure electric trucks, with a growing number of models and a widening range of usage scenarios. However, most medium- and heavy-duty electric trucks are currently modified from traditional fuel vehicles. Due to the large size of the power battery compartment, it is difficult to find a suitable location to install the power battery compartment. Most models install the power battery compartment upright on the rear frame of the cab. Some models attach it to the left and right sides of the frame behind the front axle, or insert it horizontally under the frame behind the front axle. The solution of installing it on the rear side of the cab will occupy the space of the rear compartment, raise the center of gravity of the vehicle, and reduce the handling stability and driving safety of the vehicle; the solution of hanging it on the left and right sides of the frame behind the front axle will reduce the cruising range due to installation space limitations, and will occupy the installation space of other assemblies such as the brake system air tank and battery, which will bring challenges to the overall layout of the vehicle. When the electric truck is hit from the side, the power battery compartment is easily deformed by the impact and produce thermal runaway; the solution of inserting it horizontally under the frame cannot make full use of the vertical space of the frame, which will lead to a reduction in the ground clearance of the battery compartment and reduce the vehicle's passability.

[0003] At present, there are also some attempts to integrate the power battery with the frame. For example, the Chinese invention patent application number 202210422279.7 discloses an integrated structure of an aluminum alloy frame and a power battery compartment, including an aluminum alloy frame and a power battery compartment. The width of the power battery compartment is consistent with the internal width between the left and right longitudinal beams of the aluminum alloy frame. The power battery compartment is detachably assembled between the left and right longitudinal beams of the aluminum alloy frame through left and right brackets on both sides of the frame. The disadvantage of this patented technical solution is that the power battery is only installed between the left and right longitudinal beams of the frame, and the space on both sides of the left and right longitudinal beams is not fully utilized, resulting in limited capacity of the power battery. It is only suitable for light electric commercial vehicles that require a small number of batteries. The Chinese patent application number 202310624076.0 discloses a modular frame-cabin combination structure of a bottom battery-swap skateboard chassis, including a frame beam, a battery compartment, a locking mechanism, a battery compartment limiting mechanism and an electrical connector connector; the battery compartment includes a main load-bearing frame module, a battery pack carrying frame module and a connector reinforcement. The battery compartment is connected to the frame beam through a locking mechanism to realize the function of rapid battery swap; the lower part of the locking mechanism fits tightly with the inner side of the frame beam, and the frame beam is used to share the weight of the battery compartment. The locking mechanism has a secondary locking function, which improves the safety of the locking mechanism; the battery compartment limiting mechanism can not only provide X-direction limiting, but also provide X- and Y-direction positioning and guiding functions for the battery compartment; after the battery compartment is locked, the electrical connector connection box moves toward the battery compartment through the slide rail, engages with the battery, and completes the battery swap. This patented technical solution does not redesign the battery compartment. Its disadvantage is that installing the battery compartment under the frame does not fully utilize the height space of the frame longitudinal beam, resulting in a small ground clearance for the battery compartment, affecting the vehicle's passability. In addition, the degree of integration is low, which is not conducive to lightweighting the entire vehicle.

[0004] In order to make full use of the lateral and vertical space inside and on both sides of the frame and improve the lightweight level of the entire vehicle, the present invention discloses an integrated chassis structure of the frame and battery compartment with high integration, high structural strength and high passability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated chassis structure of a frame and a battery compartment to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. The battery compartment structure is completely redesigned, and the power battery compartment is highly integrated with the frame, which not only improves the lightweight design level of the entire vehicle and the structural strength of the battery compartment and the frame, but also can well solve the problems of small ground clearance and low integration with the frame of the existing electric truck power battery system, effectively improving the passability of the electric truck.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides an integrated chassis structure of a vehicle frame and a battery compartment, comprising: a vehicle frame assembly and a battery compartment assembly, wherein the vehicle frame assembly comprises two left and right longitudinal beams and a plurality of cross beams, the two left and right longitudinal beams are symmetrically arranged, and the plurality of cross beams are spaced between the two left and right longitudinal beams; the battery compartment assembly comprises a bottom beam, a central battery compartment, two side battery compartments and a cell module, the bottom plate of the central battery compartment and the four side vertical plates are welded to form a box body, the top plate of the central battery compartment and the four side vertical plates are bolted to form a closed central battery compartment structure, and the central battery compartment is installed between the two left and right longitudinal beams; the bottom plate of the side battery compartment and the three vertical plates are welded to form a box body structure with an opening on the top and one side. The top plate of the side battery compartment is mounted on the top of the box structure by bolts, forming a side battery compartment structure with an opening on one side, and the two side battery compartments are respectively mounted on the outside of the two left and right longitudinal beams, with the two opening sides of the side battery compartments facing the left and right longitudinal beams respectively, and the webs of the left and right longitudinal beams and the side battery compartments form a closed side battery compartment structure, and the battery cell modules are both installed in the central battery compartment and the side battery compartment, and the bottom beam is mounted on the lower side of the left and right longitudinal beams, and the bottom beams are arranged at equal intervals along the extension direction of the left and right longitudinal beams, and both ends of the bottom beam extend to the outside of the two side battery compartments, and the central battery compartment and the two side battery compartments are respectively connected to the top surface of the bottom beam with bolts.

[0008] Preferably, a connecting plate is provided on one side of the side battery compartment opening, and the connecting plate is installed on the vertical plate of the side battery compartment. Bolt holes corresponding to the webs of the left and right longitudinal beams are provided on the connecting plate, and the connecting plate is connected to the webs of the left and right longitudinal beams by bolts. Sealing strips are installed on one side of the two side battery compartment openings. When the battery compartment assembly and the frame assembly are installed together, the two side battery compartments are tightly attached to the outer sides of the left and right longitudinal beams.

[0009] Preferably, the lower wing panels of the left and right longitudinal beams and the bottom beam are connected via bolts and an anti-loosening locking mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, after the battery compartment assembly and the frame assembly are assembled, the upper surfaces of the central battery compartment and the two side battery compartments are flush with the upper surface of the frame assembly.

[0011] Preferably, the battery compartment assembly is installed between the front and rear suspensions of the electric truck frame.

[0012] A battery replacement method for an electric truck, applied to the above-mentioned integrated chassis structure of the vehicle frame and battery compartment, comprises the following steps:

[0013] S1: Move the battery-exchange lifting device to the position directly below the central battery compartment and the side battery compartment of the electric truck to be replaced, so that the lifting end of the battery-exchange lifting device abuts against the bottom surfaces of the central battery compartment and the side battery compartment;

[0014] S2: Disassemble the two side battery compartments from the left and right longitudinal beams;

[0015] S3: Disassembling the bottom beam from the left and right longitudinal beams;

[0016] S4: the battery replacement lifting device descends to remove the central battery compartment and the side battery compartment from the vehicle frame assembly;

[0017] S5: Place the fully charged central battery compartment and the side battery compartment carrying the bottom beam on the battery replacement lifting device, and align them with the battery compartment installation positions on the frame assembly;

[0018] S6: Installing the bottom beam and the left and right longitudinal beams together;

[0019] S7: Install the two side battery compartments and the left and right longitudinal beams together.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0021] The present invention provides an integrated chassis structure of a vehicle frame and a battery compartment. By rationally designing the power battery compartment structure of an electric truck, the frame longitudinal beam is used as part of the power battery compartment, and the power battery compartment is installed between and on both sides of the left and right longitudinal beams of the frame below the cargo box of the electric truck, thereby achieving a high degree of integration of the power battery compartment and the frame and convenient battery replacement. This structure can highly integrate the battery compartment with the frame, using the webs of the left and right longitudinal beams of the frame as the side vertical plates of the two side battery compartments, reducing the number of parts of the two side battery compartments, achieving a lightweight battery compartment structure, and better protecting the power battery system; it can effectively reduce the weight of the entire vehicle, thereby improving the vehicle's power and economy; at the same time, it also improves the structural strength and bending-torsional stiffness of the frame, improving the handling stability and safety of the entire vehicle; it facilitates the overall battery replacement of the battery compartment; it effectively utilizes the lateral and height space inside the electric truck frame and on both sides, increases the energy density of the battery compartment that can be installed per unit length of frame, and improves the space utilization rate of the overall design of the electric truck. Compared to solutions that place a power battery compartment behind the cab, this invention effectively lowers the vehicle's center of mass, improves axle load distribution, and enhances the vehicle's handling stability and driving safety. Compared to traditional electric trucks with a horizontally inserted power battery compartment at the bottom of the vehicle, this solution fully utilizes the lateral and height space between and on both sides of the frame's longitudinal beams, increasing the ground clearance of the power battery compartment, better protecting the power battery system, and improving the vehicle's overall trafficability.

[0022] The integrated chassis structure and battery replacement method provided by the present invention integrate the battery compartment and the frame to a high degree of integration, and are quick and simple to install. They play an important leading and exemplary role in promoting the transformation of electric trucks from the traditional "oil-to-electric" installation and modification method to a new architecture. In addition, the integrated battery compartment and frame structure provided by the present invention simplifies the structure of the existing power battery compartment of electric trucks, which is conducive to improving the lightweight level of the vehicle. It can solve the problem of cumbersome and inefficient operation of replacing the power battery compartment of electric trucks in the existing technical solutions. The battery replacement time of electric trucks will be significantly shortened, thereby improving the attendance rate of electric trucks, helping vehicle-using companies to reduce costs, increase efficiency, and increase profits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the chassis structure integrating the frame and battery compartment.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the frame assembly.

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the battery compartment assembly.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the battery cell module layout.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a general schematic diagram of the central battery compartment.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the central battery compartment.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall side battery compartment.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the side battery compartment.

[0032] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the overall disassembly of the battery compartment assembly.

[0033] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the connection between the frame assembly and the battery compartment assembly.

[0034] Figure 11 This is a front view of the chassis structure that integrates the frame and battery compartment.

[0035] Figure 12 This is the left view of the chassis structure that integrates the frame and battery compartment.

[0036] Figure 13 Bottom view of the chassis structure with integrated frame and battery compartment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated chassis structure of the frame and the battery compartment, which improves the lightweight design level of the entire vehicle while increasing the structural strength of the battery compartment and the frame. It can also solve the problems of small ground clearance and low frame integration of the existing electric truck power battery system, and effectively improve the passability of the electric truck.

[0039] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an integrated chassis structure of a vehicle frame and a battery compartment, which includes a vehicle frame assembly 100 and a battery compartment assembly 200.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, the frame assembly 100 is a traditional side beam structure without any changes. The frame assembly 100 mainly includes: two left and right longitudinal beams 101, a first cross beam 102, a second cross beam 103, a third cross beam 104, a fourth cross beam 105, and a fifth cross beam 106.

[0042] The two left and right longitudinal beams 101 are symmetrically spaced apart, and the first cross beam 102 , the second cross beam 103 , the third cross beam 104 , the fourth cross beam 105 , and the fifth cross beam 106 are sequentially spaced apart and installed between the left and right longitudinal beams 101 .

[0043] The second crossbeam 103, the left and right longitudinal beams 101, and the third crossbeam 104 together form a frame structure with top and bottom openings. The battery compartment assembly 200 is mounted inside the frame structure and on both sides. The webs of the left and right longitudinal beams 101 within the frame structure serve as the inner vertical panels of the two side battery compartments 203. Several mounting holes are provided on the lower wing panels of the left and right longitudinal beams 101 within the frame structure for mounting the battery compartment assembly 200.

[0044] like Figure 3-4 As shown, the battery compartment assembly 200 includes four bottom beams 201, a central battery compartment 202, two side battery compartments 203 and a battery cell module 204, and the battery cell module 204 is composed of a number of battery cells; the front and rear ends of the battery compartment assembly 200 are close to the second cross beam 103 and the third cross beam 104 respectively.

[0045] like Figure 5-6 As shown, the central battery compartment 202 includes front and rear vertical plates 202a, left and right vertical plates 202b, a top plate 202c, a bottom plate 202d and a group of battery cell modules 204.

[0046] The central battery compartment bottom plate 202d is flat and located at the bottom of the central battery compartment 202. Its size is slightly smaller than the upper and lower openings of the frame structure formed by the second crossbeam 103, the left and right longitudinal beams 101, and the third crossbeam 104, to ensure that the assembled central battery compartment 202 can be installed into the frame structure without interference. The front and rear vertical plates 202a are flat and located horizontally at the front and rear of the central battery compartment 202. The length of the front and rear vertical plates 202a is the same as the horizontal length of the central battery compartment bottom plate 202d, and their width is roughly the same as the height of the frame longitudinal beams. This ensures that after the battery compartment assembly 200 and the frame assembly 100 are installed, the upper surfaces of the left and right longitudinal beams 101 are flush with the upper surface of the central battery compartment 202. The tops of the front and rear vertical plates 202a have right-angled flanges with a number of bolt holes for mounting the central battery compartment top plate 202c. The left and right vertical panels 202b of the central battery compartment are flat and arranged longitudinally on the left and right sides of the central battery compartment 202. Their length is the same as the longitudinal length of the central battery compartment bottom panel 202d. The width of the left and right vertical panels 202b of the central battery compartment is the same as the width of the front and rear vertical panels 202a of the central battery compartment. The top of the central battery compartment has a right-angle flange with several bolt holes for mounting the central battery compartment top panel 202c. The central battery compartment top panel 202c is flat and arranged on the top of the central battery compartment 202. The size of the central battery compartment top panel 202c is exactly the same as the central battery compartment bottom panel 202d. Several reinforcing ribs are stamped on its surface to increase the rigidity and strength of the structure, increase the first-order modal frequency, and prevent structural resonance. The central battery compartment top panel 202c has right-angle flanges on all four sides to improve the sealing of the battery compartment structure. The central battery compartment bottom plate 202d, the two central battery compartment front and rear vertical plates 202a, and the two central battery compartment left and right vertical plates 202b are welded to form a box with an opening at the top, in which the battery cell module 204 and the power battery management system are placed. The top plate 202c is connected to the four vertical plates by bolts to form the central battery compartment 202.

[0047] like Figure 7-8As shown, the side battery compartment 203 includes front and rear side battery compartment vertical plates 203a, side battery compartment side vertical plates 203b, side battery compartment top plates 203c, connecting plates 203d, side battery compartment sealing strips 203e, side battery compartment bottom plates 203f and a group of battery cell modules 204.

[0048] The side battery compartment bottom plate 203f is flat and is set at the bottom of the side battery compartment 203. The length of the side battery compartment bottom plate 203f is the same as that of the central battery compartment bottom plate 202d. The width is flexibly designed according to the width of the vehicle and the required battery compartment capacity. The side close to the frame needs to be rounded, and the rounded corner size is the same as the left and right longitudinal beams 101 to ensure that it can fit tightly with the left and right longitudinal beams 101. The front and rear side battery compartment vertical plates 203a are horizontally set at the front and rear of the side battery compartment 203, and their shapes are as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the bottom length of the front and rear vertical plates 203a of the side battery compartment is the same as the horizontal length of the side battery compartment bottom plate 203f, and the top length is shorter than the bottom length. The radius of the fillet of the left and right longitudinal beams 101 is the same as the width of the front and rear vertical plates 202a of the central battery compartment to ensure that it is flush with the upper surface of the central battery compartment 202. The side of the front and rear vertical plates 203a of the side battery compartment close to the frame needs to be rounded, and the fillet size is the same as the left and right longitudinal beams 101 to ensure that it can fit tightly with the left and right longitudinal beams 101; the top of the front and rear vertical plates 203a of the battery compartment has a right-angled flange, and a number of bolt holes are opened on the flange for the installation of the side battery compartment top plate 203c. The connecting plate 203d is set on the side of the front and rear vertical plates 203a of the side battery compartment close to the frame, and its shape is as follows Figure 8As shown, connecting plate 203d is welded to the front and rear of the side battery compartment front and rear uprights 203a. After the side battery compartment 203 is assembled, connecting plate 203d protrudes from the outside of the battery compartment and is connected to the vehicle frame via bolts, thereby improving the tightness of the connection between the side battery compartment 203 and the vehicle frame. The side battery compartment side uprights 203b are longitudinally arranged on the outside of the side battery compartment 203. Their length is the same as the longitudinal length of the side battery compartment bottom plate 203f, and their width is the same as the width of the side battery compartment front uprights 203a. The top of the side battery compartment side uprights 203b has a right-angled flange with several bolt holes provided in the flange for mounting the side battery compartment top plate 203c. The side battery compartment top plate 203c is flat and is arranged at the top of the side battery compartment 203. Its length is the same as the longitudinal length of the side battery compartment bottom plate 203f, and its width is the same as the top length of the front and rear vertical plates 203a of the side battery compartment. Several reinforcing ribs are stamped on the surface of the side battery compartment top plate 203c to increase the rigidity and strength of the structure, increase the first-order modal frequency, and prevent structural resonance. The three sides connected to the vertical plates are provided with right-angle flanges to improve the sealing of the battery compartment structure. The side battery compartment bottom plate 203f, the two side battery compartment front and rear vertical plates 203a and the side battery compartment side vertical plates 203b are welded to form a box structure with openings on the top and inside, in which the battery cell module 204 and the power battery management system are placed. The side battery compartment top plate 203c and the three vertical plates (the two side battery compartment front and rear vertical plates 203a and the side battery compartment side vertical plates 203b) are connected by bolts to form a hexahedral structure lacking a single-side vertical plate. The side battery compartment sealing strip 203e is installed on the side of the hexahedral structure lacking a vertical plate to form the side battery compartment 203. When the battery compartment assembly 200 is integrated with the frame assembly 100, the two side battery compartments 203 are tightly attached to the outer sides of the left and right longitudinal beams 101 of the frame. The tension generated by the bolt connection between the two connecting plates 203d and the frame web causes the side battery compartment sealing strips 203e to form a seal with the webs of the left and right longitudinal beams 101 of the frame, and together with the left and right longitudinal beams 101 of the frame, form a complete battery compartment structure.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the central battery compartment 202 is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and is installed in the center between the left and right longitudinal beams 101. The two ends of the central battery compartment 202 are close to the second cross beam 103 and the third cross beam 104 respectively; the two side battery compartments 203 are symmetrically arranged along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and are flush with the central battery compartment 202 in the longitudinal position. The sides of the two side battery compartments 203 that lack the vertical plates are installed close to the outer sides of the left and right longitudinal beams 101 of the frame.

[0050] like Figure 3As shown, four bottom beams 201 are trough-shaped beams, arranged transversely along the vehicle, spaced at regular intervals and resting against the lower surfaces of the central battery compartment 202, the side battery compartments 203, and the left and right longitudinal beams 101 of the vehicle frame. Bolts securely connect the bottom surfaces of the central battery compartment 202 and the two side battery compartments 203. The length of the bottom beams 201 is slightly longer than the total width of the central battery compartment 202 and the two side battery compartments 203 after installation, but shorter than the width of the electric truck, ensuring adequate support for the central battery compartment 202 and the two side battery compartments 203.

[0051] like Figure 10 As shown, the frame assembly 100 and the battery compartment assembly 200 are connected through the bolt holes on the lower fenders of the left and right longitudinal beams 101 and the bolt holes on the bottom beam 201. The connection method is a bolt connection with an anti-loosening locking mechanism, which facilitates battery replacement operations. After the bolt holes on the lower fenders of the left and right longitudinal beams 101 and the bolt holes on the bottom beam 201 are bolted together, the bottom beam 201 acts as a frame crossbeam, enhancing the structural strength and rigidity of the frame. After the frame assembly 100 and the battery compartment assembly 200 are connected, the webs of the left and right longitudinal beams 101 and the side battery compartment 203 form a complete hexahedral battery compartment structure. To increase the sealing and structural strength of the battery compartment structure, the connection holes on the connecting plate 203d are bolted to the holes on the left and right longitudinal beams 101.

[0052] The present invention also provides a battery replacement method for an electric truck, which is applied to the above-mentioned chassis structure integrated with the frame and battery compartment, and includes the following steps:

[0053] S1: Move the battery-exchange lifting device to the position directly below the central battery compartment 202 and the side battery compartment 203 of the electric truck to be replaced, with the lifting end of the battery-exchange lifting device abutting against the bottom surfaces of the central battery compartment 202 and the side battery compartment 203;

[0054] S2: Disassemble the two side battery compartments 203 from the left and right longitudinal beams 101;

[0055] S3: Disassemble the bottom beam 201 and the left and right longitudinal beams 101;

[0056] S4: The battery replacement lifting device descends, and the central battery compartment 202 and the side battery compartment 203 are removed from the frame assembly 100;

[0057] S5: Place the fully charged central battery compartment 202 and the side battery compartment 203 carrying the bottom beam 201 on the battery replacement lifting device, and align them with the battery compartment installation positions on the frame assembly 100;

[0058] S6: Install the bottom beam 201 and the left and right longitudinal beams 101 together;

[0059] S7: Install the two side battery compartments 203 and the left and right longitudinal beams 101 together.

[0060] Among them, in step S4, after the central battery compartment 202 and the side battery compartment 203 are removed from the frame, the bottom beam 201 and the central battery compartment 202 and the side battery compartment 203 can be removed together, or the central battery compartment 202 and the side battery compartment 203 can be removed from the bottom beam 201 and the central battery compartment 202 and the side battery compartment 203 can be removed separately.

[0061] In step S5 , the bottom beams 201 carried by the fully charged central battery compartment 202 and the side battery compartment 203 may be the bottom beams 201 removed from the previous set of central battery compartment 202 and the side battery compartment 203 , or may be other new bottom beams 201 .

[0062] The present invention provides an integrated chassis structure and battery replacement method that integrates the frame and battery compartment. By rationally designing the power battery compartment structure of an electric truck, the frame longitudinal beam is used as part of the power battery compartment, and the power battery compartment is installed between and on both sides of the left and right longitudinal beams of the frame below the cargo box of the electric truck, thereby achieving a high degree of integration between the power battery compartment and the frame and convenient battery replacement. This structure can highly integrate the battery compartment with the frame, using the webs of the left and right longitudinal beams of the frame as the side vertical plates of the two side battery compartments, reducing the number of parts in the two side battery compartments, achieving a lightweight battery compartment structure, and better protecting the power battery system; it can effectively reduce the weight of the entire vehicle, thereby improving the vehicle's power performance and fuel economy; at the same time, it also improves the structural strength and bending and torsional rigidity of the frame, improving the handling stability and safety of the entire vehicle; it facilitates the overall battery replacement of the battery compartment; effectively utilizes the lateral and height space inside the electric truck frame and on the left and right sides, and improves the space utilization rate of the overall design of the electric truck. Compared with the solution of setting a power battery compartment at the back of the cab, the present invention effectively lowers the center of mass position of the entire vehicle, improves the axle load distribution, and improves the handling stability and driving safety of the entire vehicle. Compared with the bottom battery replacement solution of traditional electric trucks in which the power battery compartment is inserted horizontally, the present invention makes full use of the lateral and height space between and on both sides of the two longitudinal beams of the frame, increases the ground clearance of the power battery compartment, can better protect the power battery system, and improve the passability of the entire vehicle.

[0063] The integrated chassis structure and battery replacement method provided by the present invention integrate the battery compartment and the frame in a highly integrated manner, making installation quick and simple. It plays an important leading and exemplary role in promoting the transformation of electric trucks from the traditional "oil-to-electric" installation and modification method to a new architecture. In addition, the integrated battery compartment and frame structure provided by the present invention simplifies the structure of the existing power battery compartment of electric trucks, which is conducive to improving the lightweight level of the vehicle. It can solve the problem of cumbersome and inefficient operation of replacing the power battery compartment of electric trucks in the existing technical solutions, and the battery replacement time of electric trucks will be significantly shortened, thereby improving the attendance rate of electric trucks, helping car-using companies to reduce costs, increase efficiency, and improve profits.

[0064] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and implementation methods. They can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with this field, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. A chassis structure integrating a vehicle frame and a battery compartment, characterized in that: The vehicle frame assembly comprises a left and right longitudinal beams and a plurality of cross beams, the two left and right longitudinal beams are symmetrically arranged, and the plurality of cross beams are spaced between the two left and right longitudinal beams; the battery compartment assembly comprises a bottom beam, a central battery compartment, two side battery compartments and a cell module, the bottom plate of the central battery compartment and the four side vertical plates are welded to form a box body, the top plate of the central battery compartment and the four side vertical plates are bolted to form a closed central battery compartment structure, and the central battery compartment is installed between the two left and right longitudinal beams; the bottom plate of the side battery compartment and the three vertical plates are welded to form a box structure with an opening on the top and one side, and the top plate of the side battery compartment is screwed The bolt is installed on the top of the box structure to form a side battery compartment structure with an opening on one side. The two side battery compartments are respectively installed on the outsides of the two left and right longitudinal beams, and the openings of the two side battery compartments face the left and right longitudinal beams respectively. The webs of the left and right longitudinal beams and the side battery compartments form a closed side battery compartment structure. The battery cell modules are installed in the central battery compartment and the side battery compartments. The bottom beam is installed on the lower sides of the left and right longitudinal beams. The bottom beams are arranged at equal intervals along the extension direction of the left and right longitudinal beams. The two ends of the bottom beam extend to the outsides of the two side battery compartments. The central battery compartment and the two side battery compartments are respectively connected to the top surface of the bottom beam with bolts; A connecting plate is provided on one side of the side battery compartment opening, the connecting plate being mounted on the vertical plate of the side battery compartment, the connecting plate being provided with bolt holes corresponding to the webs of the left and right longitudinal beams, and being connected to the webs of the left and right longitudinal beams by bolts, and a sealing strip is installed on one side of the two side battery compartment openings, so that when the battery compartment assembly and the frame assembly are mounted together, the two side battery compartments are closely attached to the outer sides of the left and right longitudinal beams; The lower wing plates of the left and right longitudinal beams and the bottom beam are connected via bolts and an anti-loosening locking mechanism.

2. The chassis structure integrated with the frame and battery compartment according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the battery compartment assembly and the frame assembly are assembled, the upper surfaces of the central battery compartment and the two side battery compartments are flush with the upper surface of the frame assembly.

3. The integrated chassis structure of the vehicle frame and battery compartment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The battery compartment assembly is installed between the front and rear suspensions of the electric truck frame.

4. A battery replacement method for an electric truck, using the chassis structure with an integrated frame and battery compartment as described in claim 1, characterized in that: S1: Move the battery-exchange lifting device to the position directly below the central battery compartment and the side battery compartment of the electric truck to be replaced, so that the lifting end of the battery-exchange lifting device abuts against the bottom surfaces of the central battery compartment and the side battery compartment; S2: Disassemble the two side battery compartments from the left and right longitudinal beams; S3: Disassembling the bottom beam from the left and right longitudinal beams; S4: the battery replacement lifting device descends to remove the central battery compartment and the side battery compartment from the vehicle frame assembly; S5: Place the fully charged central battery compartment and the side battery compartment carrying the bottom beam on the battery replacement lifting device, and align them with the battery compartment installation positions on the frame assembly; S6: Installing the bottom beam and the left and right longitudinal beams together; S7: Install the two side battery compartments and the left and right longitudinal beams together.

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