A ditch-opening and fertilizing machine

Abstract

The present invention provides a ditching and fertilizing machine. On the end face of the annular base (2051) of the fertilizer amount regulator (205), multiple pairs of pin holes are provided. On the outer wall face of the annular base (2051), a slide rail is provided. On the end face of the push-pull ring (2052), multiple connection holes are provided. On the inner wall face of the push-pull ring (2052) and axially between two adjacent connection holes, a chute is provided. The laminated sheet (2053) is trapezoidal. At the bottom of the laminated sheet (2053), a connecting plate is provided. At both ends of the connecting plate, hinge holes are respectively provided. The laminated sheet (2053) is bent inwardly to the right along the central axis. The two side edges of the laminated sheet (2053) are respectively bent inwardly and outwardly. The slide rail of the annular base (2051) is fitted in the chute of the push-pull ring (2052). The hinge holes at both ends of the connecting plate of the laminated sheet (2053) are respectively hinged and matched with the pin holes of the annular base (2051) and the connection holes of the push-pull ring (2052) through pins. The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The fertilizer discharge amount can be accurately controlled, and the fertilizer can be evenly distributed to each fertilizing layer, with high fertilizer utilization rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural production field operation machinery, and more specifically, to a ditching and fertilizing machine. Background Art

[0002] Fertilizer is the "food" of food crops, plays an irreplaceable supporting role in food production, is the key raw material for increasing crop yields, and boosts the development of agriculture in our country. Developed countries such as those in Europe and America have carried out systematic research on precision agriculture, but there are relatively few reports on stratified fertilization research. In recent years in China, in order to actively respond to the reduction of chemical fertilizers, a large number of studies have been carried out on stratified fertilization. Stratified fertilization is an important way to achieve the reduction of chemical fertilizers and increase efficiency. Domestic and foreign scientific researchers have proposed the theory of positional fertilizer efficiency based on the transformation, movement and diffusion of chemical fertilizers in the soil, providing a theoretical basis for the stratified application of fertilizers. The stratified fertilization technology can apply the fertilizers required for the entire growth cycle of crops into the soil in proportion and in layers at one time, which can not only improve the utilization rate of fertilizers, but also reduce the operation procedures, improve the operation efficiency, save costs and increase efficiency. However, the existing stratified fertilization machines have an unclear fertilizer stratification effect, inaccurate control of the fertilizer amount in each layer, and it is difficult to evenly apply the fertilizers into the fertilizer grooves. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, a ditching and fertilizing machine is provided. The ditching and fertilizing machine has accurate control of the fertilizer discharge amount, and can evenly distribute the fertilizers to each fertilization layer. The groove pressed by the V-shaped soil pressing plate at the bottom of the ditching skid can reduce the downward diffusion of fertilizers, reduce the waste of fertilizers, and improve the utilization rate of fertilizers.

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: A ditching and fertilizing machine includes a spiral ditching device, a fertilizer discharging device, a layered ditching device, and a soil covering device. An electric motor is provided inside the fertilizer tank of the fertilizer discharging device. Both ends of the output shaft of the electric motor are respectively installed with a distributor and a propeller blade. The distributor is hemispherical, and a plurality of conical protrusions are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the hemisphere. A fertilizer amount regulator is provided between the distributor and the propeller blade. The fertilizer amount regulator includes an annular base, a push-pull ring, and laminations. A plurality of pairs of pin holes are provided on the end surface of the annular base, and slide rails are axially provided on the outer wall surface of the annular base and between adjacent pairs of pin holes. A plurality of connection holes are provided on the end surface of the push-pull ring, and chutes are axially provided on the inner wall surface of the push-pull ring and between adjacent two connection holes. The lamination is trapezoidal, a connecting plate is provided at the bottom of the lamination, hinge holes are respectively provided at both ends of the connecting plate, the lamination is bent inward along the central axis and biased to the right, and both sides of the lamination are bent inward and outward respectively. The slide rails of the annular base are embedded in the chutes of the push-pull ring, and the hinge holes at both ends of the connecting plate of the lamination are respectively hinged and matched with the pin holes of the annular base and the connection holes of the push-pull ring through pins. A connecting pipe is sleeved outside the fertilizer amount regulator. One end of the connecting pipe is fixed to the bottom of the fertilizer tank, and the other end is connected to the main pipe of a bifurcated pipe. A plurality of branch pipes at the other end of the bifurcated pipe are connected to the layered ditching device. The layered ditching device is composed of a plurality of ditching skids with the same structure but different heights. A V-shaped soil pressing plate is provided at the bottom of the ditching skid, and fertilizer dropping holes are provided on the V-shaped soil pressing plate.

[0005] Preferably, the lamination is bent inward along the central axis and biased to the right, and the bending line is deflected 5° relative to the central axis. Both sides of the lamination are bent inward by 15° and outward by 10° respectively.

[0006] Preferably, the distance from the starting points of the bending lines on both sides of the lamination to the central axis is 4 mm.

[0007] Preferably, the bifurcated pipe has two branch pipes, and the layered ditching device is composed of two ditching skids.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The control of the fertilizer discharge amount is accurate, and the fertilizer can be evenly distributed to each fertilizing layer. The groove pressed by the V-shaped soil pressing plate at the bottom of the ditching skid can reduce the downward diffusion of the fertilizer, reduce the waste of the fertilizer, and improve the fertilizer utilization rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0010] Figure 1 and Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 3 is a schematic sectional view of the fertilizer box of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of the fertilizer amount regulator of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of the annular base of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of the push-pull ring of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 7 and Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of the laminated sheet of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 9 is a schematic structural view of the bifurcated pipe of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 10 is a schematic structural view of the distributor of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 11 is a schematic structural view of the layered furrow opener of the present invention.

[0019] Reference numerals in the figures: 1 - spiral furrow opener, 2 - fertilizer discharging device, 201 - fertilizer box, 202 - connecting pipe, 203 - bifurcated pipe, 204 - distributor, 205 - fertilizer amount regulator, 2051 - annular base, 2052 - push-pull ring, 2053 - laminated sheet, 206 - motor, 207 - propeller blade, 3 - layered furrow opener, 4 - soil covering device. Detailed implementation manners

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0021] As Figures 1-11As shown in the figure, a ditch-opening and fertilizing machine includes a spiral ditch opener 1, a fertilizer discharging device 2, a layered ditch opener 3 and a soil covering device 4. Inside the fertilizer tank 201 of the fertilizer discharging device 2, there is a motor 206. At both ends of the output shaft of the motor 206, a distributor 204 and a propeller blade 207 are respectively installed. The distributor 204 is hemispherical, and the outer surface of the hemispherical shape is evenly distributed with a plurality of conical protrusions. Between the distributor 204 and the propeller blade 207, there is a fertilizer amount regulator 205. The fertilizer amount regulator 205 includes an annular base 2051, a push-pull ring 2052 and laminations 2053. On the end face of the annular base 2051, there are multiple pairs of pin holes. On the outer wall surface of the annular base 2051 and axially between adjacent pairs of pin holes, there are slide rails. On the end face of the push-pull ring 2052, there are a plurality of connection holes. On the inner wall surface of the push-pull ring 2052 and axially between adjacent two connection holes, there are chutes. The laminations 2053 are trapezoidal. At the bottom of the laminations 2053, there is a connecting plate. At both ends of the connecting plate, there are respectively hinge holes. The laminations 2053 are bent inward along the central axis and biased to the right. The two side edges of the laminations 2053 are bent inward and outward respectively. The slide rails of the annular base 2051 are fitted into the chutes of the push-pull ring 2052. The hinge holes at both ends of the connecting plate of the laminations 2053 are respectively hinged and matched with the pin holes of the annular base 2051 and the connection holes of the push-pull ring 2052 through pins. An outer sleeve of the fertilizer amount regulator 205 is provided with a connecting pipe 202. One end of the connecting pipe 202 is fixed at the bottom of the fertilizer tank 201, and the other end is connected to the main pipe of a bifurcated pipe 203. The multiple branch pipes at the other end of the bifurcated pipe 203 are connected to the layered ditch opener 3. The layered ditch opener 3 is composed of a plurality of ditch-opening skids with the same structure but different heights. At the bottom of the ditch-opening skid, there is a V-shaped soil pressing plate, and a fertilizer dropping hole is opened on the V-shaped soil pressing plate. The bifurcated pipe 203 can have two branch pipes, and the layered ditch opener 3 correspondingly consists of two ditch-opening skids. More preferably, the laminations 2053 are bent inward along the central axis and biased to the right, and the bending line is deflected 5° relative to the central axis. The two side edges of the laminations 2053 are bent inward by 15° and outward by 10° respectively. The distance from the starting points of the two bending lines on both sides of the laminations 2053 to the central axis is 4 mm.

[0022] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should be noted that any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ditching and fertilizing machine, comprising a spiral ditching device (1), a fertilizer discharging device (2), a layered ditching device (3) and a soil covering device (4), characterized in that: Inside the fertilizer tank (201) of the fertilizer discharging device (2), there is a motor (206). At both ends of the output shaft of the motor (206), a distributor (204) and a propeller blade (207) are respectively installed. The distributor (204) is hemispherical, and a plurality of conical protrusions are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the hemisphere. A fertilizer amount regulator (205) is arranged between the distributor (204) and the propeller blade (207). The fertilizer amount regulator (205) includes an annular base (2051), a push-pull ring (2052), and laminations (2053). On the end face of the annular base (2051), there are multiple pairs of pin holes. On the outer wall surface of the annular base (2051) and axially between adjacent pairs of pin holes, there are slide rails. On the end face of the push-pull ring (2052), there are a plurality of connection holes. On the inner wall surface of the push-pull ring (2052) and axially between adjacent two connection holes, there are chutes. The laminations (2053) are trapezoidal. At the bottom of the laminations (2053), there is a connecting plate. At both ends of the connecting plate, there are respectively hinge holes. The laminations (2053) are bent inward along the central axis towards the right, and the bending line is deflected 5° relative to the central axis. The two side edges of the laminations (2053) are bent inward by 15° and outward by 10° respectively. The slide rails of the annular base (2051) are fitted into the chutes of the push-pull ring (2052). The hinge holes at both ends of the connecting plate of the laminations (2053) are respectively hinged and matched with the pin holes of the annular base (2051) and the connection holes of the push-pull ring (2052) through pins. A connecting pipe (202) is sleeved outside the fertilizer amount regulator (205). One end of the connecting pipe (202) is fixed at the bottom of the fertilizer tank (201), and the other end is connected to the main pipe of a bifurcated pipe (203). The two branch pipes at the other end of the bifurcated pipe (203) are connected to a layered ditching device (3). The layered ditching device (3) consists of two ditching skids with the same structure but different heights. At the bottom of the ditching skid, there is a V-shaped soil pressing plate, and fertilizer dropping holes are formed on the V-shaped soil pressing plate.

2. The ditching and fertilizing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance from the starting point of the bending lines on both sides of the laminations (2053) to the central axis is 4 mm.

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