A plasma cracking combustion device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a plasma cracking combustion device, comprising a plasma generator, a primary cracking combustion sub-device, and a secondary cracking combustion sub-device which are connected in sequence, one end of the primary cracking combustion sub-device is connected to the flame generating end of the ion generator, and the secondary cracking combustion sub-device is connected to the other end of the primary cracking combustion sub-device; the central axis of the plasma generator, the central axis of the primary cracking combustion sub-device, and the central axis of the secondary cracking combustion sub-device overlap. The flame generated by the plasma is arranged along the axial direction of the cavity, which increases the time and length of contact between the combustion and the flame, and improves the ignition rate. An alternative fuel pipe is arranged on the primary combustion tube, and fuel other than coal powder is used for fuel, which expands the fuel types and improves the utilization rate of the fuel device; a cooling block is arranged on the secondary combustion tube, which accelerates the heat dissipation of the secondary combustion tube, and at the same time increases the gas temperature and flow rate at the outlet of the plasma cracking combustion device, further improving the combustion rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of combustion technology, in particular to a plasma cracking combustion device. Background Art

[0002] Industrial burners use coal powder to ignite at room temperature and then burn stably. At present, a plasma generator is used to ignite coal powder during ignition. The temperatures of the front, middle and end of the flame generated by the plasma generator are different. The probability of coal powder being ignited after contacting different parts of the flame is different. The cross-sectional contact between coal powder and the flame reduces the ignition probability of coal powder; the combustion stage after ignition is promoted by the flow of airflow and coal powder. During the combustion process of coal powder, if the combustion is not complete, a large amount of harmful gases will be generated, causing environmental pollution; at the same time, the surface heat of the burner is too high, which will cause the burner to explode, so the burner needs to be cooled. At present, the surface of the burner is mainly cooled by cooling gas, but the cooling gas will also greatly reduce the temperature in the burner cavity, reducing the combustion efficiency.

[0003] Therefore, how to improve the ignition rate and reduce the burner surface temperature is a problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a plasma cracking combustion device, in which the flame generated by the plasma is arranged along the axial direction of the cavity, thereby increasing the time and length of contact between the combustion and the flame and improving the ignition rate. An alternative fuel pipe is arranged on the first-level combustion tube, and fuels other than coal powder are used for fuel, thereby expanding the fuel types and improving the utilization rate of the fuel device; a cooling block is arranged on the second-level combustion tube, which accelerates the heat dissipation of the second-level combustion tube, and at the same time increases the gas temperature and flow rate at the outlet of the plasma cracking combustion device, further improving the combustion rate.

[0005] The above-mentioned object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A plasma cracking combustion device comprises a plasma generator, a primary cracking combustion sub-device and a secondary cracking combustion sub-device which are connected in sequence, one end of the primary cracking combustion sub-device is connected to the flame generating end of the ion generator, and the secondary cracking combustion sub-device is connected to the other end of the primary cracking combustion sub-device; the central axis of the plasma generator, the central axis of the primary cracking combustion sub-device and the central axis of the secondary cracking combustion sub-device overlap.

[0007] The present invention is further configured as follows: the primary cracking combustion sub-device includes a secondary air inlet pipe, a primary combustion tube, and a plasma base, the plasma base is fixedly installed at one end of the primary combustion tube, a through hole is opened in the middle of the plasma base, which is used to sleeve the flame generating end of the plasma generator, and a primary air inlet pipe is arranged on the plasma base, which is used to provide airflow to the primary combustion tube; the primary combustion tube includes a primary inner tube and a primary outer tube, and a first hollow channel is formed between the primary inner tube and the primary outer tube; a secondary air inlet pipe is fixedly arranged on the primary outer tube, and the tube cavity of the secondary air inlet pipe is communicated with the first hollow channel, which is used to provide airflow to the secondary cracking combustion sub-device through the first hollow channel.

[0008] The present invention is further configured as follows: an annular air duct and at least one first air outlet are arranged in the plasma base, each first air outlet is located on the inner wall of the through hole and radially distributed along the through hole wall, the annular air duct is simultaneously communicated with the primary air inlet pipe and each first air outlet, and is used to form an air flow channel between the primary air inlet pipe, the annular air duct and each first air outlet, and each first air outlet and the annular air duct are located at different positions of the central axis of the through hole.

[0009] The present invention is further configured as follows: the first-level inner tube and the first-level outer tube, the port near the socket joint of the second-level cracking combustion sub-device, are provided with a second air outlet, and the other port near the plasma base is sealed; the first-level air inlet pipe is connected to the second-level air inlet pipe, so that the airflow entering from the air inlet of the second-level air inlet pipe can enter the first-level air inlet pipe cavity and the second-level air inlet pipe cavity at the same time.

[0010] The present invention is further configured as follows: the first-level cracking combustion sub-device also includes a main coal powder pipe and a secondary coal powder pipe, the lumen of the main coal powder pipe is communicated with the lumen of the first-level combustion pipe, and is used to add coal powder into the lumen of the first-level combustion pipe; the secondary coal powder pipe is connected to the first-level outer pipe, and the lumen of the secondary coal powder pipe is communicated with the first hollow channel of the first-level combustion pipe, and is used to add coal powder into the lumen of the second-level cracking combustion sub-device, and the angles between the main coal powder pipe and the secondary coal powder pipe and the first-level combustion pipe are respectively less than 90 degrees.

[0011] The present invention is further configured as follows: the secondary pulverized coal pipe is connected to the main pulverized coal pipe, so that the pulverized coal entering from the coal inlet of the main pulverized coal pipe can enter the cavity of the primary cracking combustion sub-device and the cavity of the secondary cracking combustion sub-device at the same time.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that the connection between the main pulverized coal pipe and the primary combustion pipe is located at the front end and / or the middle end of the flame generated by the plasma generator, so as to fully burn the pulverized coal after entering the lumen of the primary combustion pipe.

[0013] The present invention is further configured as follows: the primary cracking combustion sub-unit also includes an alternative fuel pipe, which is arranged on the primary combustion pipe, and the lumen of the alternative fuel pipe is communicated with the lumen of the primary combustion pipe, and is used to add the alternative fuel into the lumen of the primary combustion pipe, and the angle between the alternative fuel pipe and the primary combustion pipe is greater than 60 degrees.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that the connection between the alternative fuel pipe and the primary combustion pipe is located at the middle and / or end of the flame generated by the plasma generator, so as to fully burn the alternative fuel after entering the lumen of the primary combustion pipe.

[0015] The present invention is further configured as follows: the secondary cracking combustion sub-device includes a cooling air inlet pipe, a secondary combustion tube, and at least one cooling block; the secondary combustion tube includes a secondary inner tube and a secondary outer tube, and a second hollow channel is formed between the secondary inner tube and the secondary outer tube; a cooling air inlet pipe is fixedly arranged on the secondary outer tube, and is used to provide airflow to the outlet of the secondary combustion tube through the second hollow channel; at least one cooling block is arranged on the secondary outer tube, each cooling block is abutted or fixedly connected to the secondary inner tube and protrudes from the outer surface of the secondary outer tube, and is used to dissipate heat from the secondary combustion tube and heat the cooling airflow at the same time; the cooling air inlet pipe is located at one end of the secondary outer tube close to the primary cracking combustion sub-device.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of this application are:

[0017] 1. The present application prolongs the contact time between the fuel and the flame and improves the ignition rate by arranging the flame generated by the plasma generator along the axis of the burner;

[0018] 2. Furthermore, the present application provides combustion-supporting gas uniformly for the primary combustion by arranging multiple air holes in the radial direction of the plasma generator, thereby improving the combustion thermal efficiency of the fuel and achieving energy saving;

[0019] 3. Furthermore, the present application sets a plurality of cooling blocks on the outer wall of the secondary cracking chamber of the burner. The cooling blocks can increase the temperature of the cooling gas on the one hand, thereby increasing the wind speed at the burner outlet and increasing combustion; on the other hand, the cooling blocks can reduce the temperature of the burner wall to ensure the safety of the burner. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a combustion device of a specific embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a combustion device of a specific embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the combustion device outlet position of a specific embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] A plasma cracking combustion device of the present application, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, it includes a plasma generator (not shown), a primary cracking combustion sub-unit 1, and a secondary cracking combustion sub-unit 2. The primary cracking combustion sub-unit 1 and the secondary cracking combustion sub-unit 2 are both hollow tubular structures; one end of the primary cracking combustion sub-unit 1 is sleeved on the flame generating end of the ion generator, and the other end thereof is sleeved on the secondary cracking combustion sub-unit 2; the central axis of the plasma generator, the central axis of the primary cracking combustion sub-unit 1, and the central axis of the secondary cracking combustion sub-unit 2 are on the same axis, which is referred to as the central axis in this application.

[0025] The primary cracking combustion sub-device 1 includes a primary combustion tube 11, a secondary air inlet pipe 12, a plasma base 13, a main pulverized coal pipe 14, a primary air inlet pipe 15, a secondary pulverized coal pipe 16, and an alternative fuel pipe 17. The plasma base 13 is fixedly installed at one end of the primary combustion tube 11. A through hole 133 is opened in the middle of the plasma base 13. The central axis of the through hole 133 is on the same axis as the central axis of the primary combustion tube 11. The flame generating end of the plasma generator is sleeved in the through hole 133. In this way, the flame generated by the plasma generator extends along the axial direction of the primary combustion tube 11.

[0026] A primary air inlet pipe 15 is provided on the plasma base 13, which is used to provide airflow to the primary combustion tube 11; an annular air channel 131 and at least one first air outlet 132 are provided in the plasma base 13, and each first air outlet 132 is located on the inner wall of the through hole 133, close to one end of the primary combustion tube 11, and radially distributed along the inner wall of the through hole 133, and is used to provide airflow to the primary combustion tube 11 and the plasma generator along the radial direction of 360 degrees to ensure uniform distribution of airflow; the annular air channel 131 is radially around the through hole 133, and each first air outlet 132 and the annular air channel 131 are located at different positions on the central axis of the through hole 133.

[0027] The cross-section of the annular air duct 131 is circular, and each first air outlet 132 is communicated with the annular air duct 131 along its own air duct, and the annular air duct 131 is communicated with the first-level air inlet pipe 15, thereby forming an air flow channel between the first-level air inlet pipe 15, the annular air duct 131, and each first air outlet 132. The airflow entering from the first-level air inlet pipe 15 is dispersed along the annular air duct 131, and then flows out from each first air outlet 132 and enters the tube cavity 114 of the first-level combustion tube 11, thereby achieving uniform distribution of the airflow in the tube cavity 114.

[0028] The first-level combustion tube 11 includes a first-level inner tube 112 and a first-level outer tube 111, and a first hollow channel 113 is formed between the first-level inner tube and the first-level outer tube; a second-level air inlet pipe 12 is fixedly arranged on the first-level outer tube 111, close to the plasma base 13, and a tube cavity 121 of the second-level air inlet pipe 12 is communicated with the first hollow channel 113, and is used to provide airflow to the second-level cracking combustion sub-unit through the first hollow channel 113. When the airflow flows through the first hollow channel 113, it is heated by the surface temperature of the first-level inner tube 112, which is beneficial to the combustion of the fuel in the second-level cracking combustion sub-unit.

[0029] In this embodiment, the primary air inlet pipe 15 is a bent pipe, one end of which is connected to the secondary air inlet pipe 12, and the other end is connected to the plasma base 13. The angle between the portion connected to the plasma base 13 and the central axis is 90 degrees. At the same time, the angle between the secondary air inlet pipe 12 and the central axis is also 90 degrees. The secondary air inlet pipe 12 is located at one end of the primary combustion tube 11 close to the plasma base 13.

[0030] The first-level inner tube 112 and the first-level outer tube 111 are provided with a second air outlet 115 at the port near the socket of the second-level cracking combustion sub-unit, and the other port near the plasma base is sealed; the tube cavity 151 of the first-level air inlet pipe 15 is communicated with the tube cavity 121 of the second-level air inlet pipe 12, so as to realize that after the airflow enters the tube cavity 121 from the air inlet of the second-level air inlet pipe 12, it is divided into two streams, one stream passes through the first hollow channel 113 to reach the second air outlet 115 and then enters the second cracking combustion sub-unit 2, and the other stream passes through the tube cavity 151 of the first-level air inlet pipe 15, the annular airway 131, and each first air outlet 132 to enter the tube cavity 114 of the first-level combustion tube 11.

[0031] The main pulverized coal pipe 14 is fixedly connected to the primary combustion pipe 11, and the angle between the two is less than 90 degrees. The lumen 141 of the main pulverized coal pipe 14 is connected to the lumen 114, and the pulverized coal entering from the lumen 141 is injected into the lumen 114 and ignited by the flame generated by the plasma generator. The connection position between the lumen 141 and the lumen 114 is located at the front end and / or the middle end of the flame generated by the plasma generator to improve the ignition effect, and the flame front end refers to the end where the flame comes out of the plasma generator.

[0032] The secondary pulverized coal pipe 16 is connected to the primary outer pipe 111, and the included angle with the primary combustion pipe is less than 90 degrees. The lumen 161 of the secondary pulverized coal pipe 16 communicates with the first hollow channel 113 of the primary combustion pipe, and is used to add pulverized coal into the lumen of the secondary cracking combustion sub-unit 2. The pulverized coal entering from the secondary pulverized coal lumen 161 passes through the first hollow channel 113 and then enters the lumen of the secondary cracking combustion sub-unit 2 from the second air outlet 115.

[0033] In this embodiment, the secondary pulverized coal pipe 16 is connected to the main pulverized coal pipe 14. The secondary pulverized coal pipe 16 is a bent pipe, one end of which is connected to the main pulverized coal pipe 14, and the other end is connected to the first-level outer pipe 111. The lumen 161 of the secondary pulverized coal pipe 16, the lumen 141 of the main pulverized coal pipe 14, and the first hollow channel 113 are connected. The pulverized coal injected from the inlet of the main pulverized coal pipe 14 is divided into two streams in the lumen 141, one stream is directly injected into the lumen 114, and the other stream flows into the cavity of the secondary cracking combustion sub-unit through the lumen 161 and the first hollow channel 113.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present application, the primary cracking combustion sub-unit 1 also includes an alternative fuel pipe 17, which is arranged on the primary combustion tube 11, and the lumen 171 of the alternative fuel pipe 17 is communicated with the lumen 114 of the primary combustion tube 11, and is used to add the alternative fuel into the lumen 114 of the primary combustion tube 11, and the angle between the alternative fuel pipe 17 and the primary combustion tube 11 is greater than 60 degrees. In the present embodiment, the angle between the alternative fuel pipe 17 and the primary combustion tube 11 is 90 degrees.

[0035] The place where the lumen 171 of the alternative fuel pipe 17 is connected to the lumen 114 of the primary combustion tube is located at the middle and / or end of the flame generated by the plasma generator, so as to ensure full combustion after the alternative combustion enters the lumen 114 of the primary combustion tube.

[0036] In one embodiment of the present application, the main pulverized coal pipe 14 and the secondary pulverized coal pipe 16 are located on the first axial side of the outer surface of the first-level combustion tube 11, and the secondary air inlet pipe 12 and the alternative fuel pipe 17 are located on the second axial side of the outer surface of the first-level combustion tube 11, and the angle between the first side and the second side is less than or equal to 180 degrees.

[0037] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown, the secondary cracking combustion sub-unit 2 includes a secondary combustion tube 21, a cooling air inlet pipe 23, and at least one cooling block 22. The secondary combustion tube 21 includes a secondary inner tube 212 and a secondary outer tube 211. A second hollow channel 213 is formed between the secondary inner tube 212 and the secondary outer tube 211. The second hollow channel 213 is provided with a third air outlet 216 at one end of the secondary combustion tube 21 away from the primary combustion tube 11. A wedge-shaped air channel 215 is provided between the third air outlet 216 and the second hollow channel 213. The large opening end of the wedge-shaped air channel 215 is communicated with the second hollow channel 213, and the small opening end thereof is communicated with the third air outlet 216.

[0038] A cooling air inlet pipe 23 is fixedly arranged on the secondary outer tube 211, and is located at one end of the secondary outer tube 211 close to the primary cracking combustion sub-unit 1, and is used to provide airflow to the third air outlet 216 of the secondary combustion tube 21 through the second hollow channel 213; when the cooling airflow passes through the second hollow channel 213, the secondary combustion tube 21 heats the cooling airflow, thereby increasing the flow rate of the airflow in the second hollow channel 213, and correspondingly increasing the flow rate at the third air outlet 216 of the airflow, thereby improving the combustion rate at the outlet.

[0039] At the outlet of the secondary combustion tube 21 , a trapezoidal block 217 is provided on the secondary outer tube 211 , and a wedge-shaped air passage 215 and a third air outlet 216 are formed between a stepped surface of the trapezoidal block 217 and the secondary inner tube 212 .

[0040] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the widths of the wedge-shaped air passage 215 and the third air outlet 216 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the air volume of the air outlet.

[0041] N cooling blocks 22 are evenly arranged on the secondary outer tube 211 along the axial and radial directions of the central axis. Each cooling block 22 is abutted or fixedly connected to the secondary inner tube 212 and protrudes from the outer surface of the secondary outer tube 211. The cooling blocks 22 are fixedly connected to the secondary outer tube 211 and are used to quickly transfer the heat on the secondary inner tube 212, accelerate the heat dissipation, and increase the temperature of the cooling gas in the second hollow channel 213.

[0042] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the cooling block is a rectangular block, a cylindrical block or a block structure of any shape.

[0043] The implementation principle of the present application is: coal powder is injected into the tube cavity of the first-level combustion tube from the main coal powder pipe, ignited by the flame generated by the plasma device, and entered into the tube cavity of the second-level combustion tube under the push of the airflow of the first-level air inlet pipe. The airflow of the secondary air inlet pipe flows out from the second air outlet of the first-level combustion tube, further pushing the ignited coal powder to flow along the tube cavity of the secondary combustion tube to the outlet. In order to prevent the tube bodies of the first-level combustion tube and the second-level combustion tube from overheating, the airflow of the first-level air inlet pipe cools down the first-level combustion tube body. Similarly, the airflow of the secondary air inlet pipe cools down the second-level combustion tube body. While cooling down, the airflow temperature increases, thereby increasing the combustion of coal powder.

[0044] The alternative fuel entering from the alternative combustion tube directly contacts the middle and end of the flame generated by the plasma device, thereby increasing the probability of ignition, expanding the fuel types of the burner, and improving the utilization rate of the burner.

[0045] A cooling block is arranged on the secondary combustion tube to improve the heat dissipation efficiency, increase the gas temperature at the air outlet, and speed up the gas flow rate at the air outlet.

[0046] The embodiments of this specific implementation method are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plasma cracking combustion device, Features: The invention comprises a plasma generator, a primary cracking combustion sub-device, and a secondary cracking combustion sub-device which are connected in sequence, wherein one end of the primary cracking combustion sub-device is connected to the flame generating end of the ion generator, and the secondary cracking combustion sub-device is connected to the other end of the primary cracking combustion sub-device; the central axis of the plasma generator, the central axis of the primary cracking combustion sub-device, and the central axis of the secondary cracking combustion sub-device overlap; The secondary cracking combustion sub-device comprises a cooling air inlet pipe, a secondary combustion tube, and at least one cooling block. The secondary combustion tube comprises a secondary inner tube and a secondary outer tube, and a second hollow channel is formed between the secondary inner tube and the secondary outer tube. A cooling air inlet pipe is fixedly arranged on the secondary outer tube, and is used to provide airflow to the outlet of the secondary combustion tube through the second hollow channel. At least one cooling block is arranged on the secondary outer tube, and each cooling block is abutted or fixedly connected to the secondary inner tube and protrudes from the outer surface of the secondary outer tube, and is used to dissipate heat from the secondary combustion tube and heat the cooling airflow at the same time. The cooling air inlet pipe is located at one end of the secondary outer tube close to the primary cracking combustion sub-device.

2. The plasma cracking combustion device according to claim 1, Features: The primary cracking combustion sub-device comprises a secondary air inlet pipe, a primary combustion tube, and a plasma base. The plasma base is fixedly installed at one end of the primary combustion tube. A through hole is opened in the middle of the plasma base for sleeve-connecting the flame generating end of the plasma generator. A primary air inlet pipe is arranged on the plasma base for providing airflow to the primary combustion tube. The primary combustion tube comprises a primary inner tube and a primary outer tube, and a first hollow channel is formed between the primary inner tube and the primary outer tube. A secondary air inlet pipe is fixedly arranged on the primary outer tube, and the tube cavity of the secondary air inlet pipe is communicated with the first hollow channel, so as to provide airflow to the secondary cracking combustion sub-device through the first hollow channel.

3. The plasma cracking combustion device according to claim 2, Features: An annular air duct and at least one first air outlet are arranged in the plasma base. Each first air outlet is located on the inner wall of the through hole and radially distributed along the through hole wall. The annular air duct is communicated with the primary air inlet pipe and each first air outlet at the same time, so as to form an air flow channel among the primary air inlet pipe, the annular air duct and each first air outlet. Each first air outlet and the annular air duct are located at different positions of the central axis of the through hole.

4. The plasma cracking combustion device according to claim 2, Features: The first-level inner tube and the first-level outer tube are provided with a second air outlet at the port near the socket of the second-level cracking combustion sub-device, and the other port near the plasma base is sealed; the first-level air inlet pipe is connected to the second-level air inlet pipe, so that the airflow entering from the air inlet of the second-level air inlet pipe can enter the first-level air inlet pipe cavity and the second-level air inlet pipe cavity at the same time.

5. The plasma cracking combustion device according to claim 2, Features: The primary cracking combustion sub-unit also includes a main pulverized coal pipe and a secondary pulverized coal pipe. The lumen of the main pulverized coal pipe is communicated with the lumen of the primary combustion pipe, and is used to add pulverized coal into the lumen of the primary combustion pipe; the secondary pulverized coal pipe is connected to the primary outer pipe, and the lumen of the secondary pulverized coal pipe is communicated with the first hollow channel of the primary combustion pipe, and is used to add pulverized coal into the lumen of the secondary cracking combustion sub-unit. The angles between the main pulverized coal pipe and the secondary pulverized coal pipe and the primary combustion pipe are respectively less than 90 degrees.

6. The plasma cracking combustion device according to claim 5, Features: The secondary pulverized coal pipe is connected to the main pulverized coal pipe so that the pulverized coal entering from the coal inlet of the main pulverized coal pipe can enter the cavity of the primary cracking combustion sub-unit and the cavity of the secondary cracking combustion sub-unit at the same time.

7. The plasma cracking combustion device according to claim 5, Features: The connection point between the main pulverized coal pipe and the primary combustion pipe is located at the front end and / or the middle end of the flame generated by the plasma generator, and is used for the pulverized coal to be fully burned after entering the tube cavity of the primary combustion pipe.

8. The plasma cracking combustion device according to claim 2, Features: The primary cracking combustion sub-unit also includes an alternative fuel pipe, which is arranged on the primary combustion pipe. The lumen of the alternative fuel pipe is communicated with the lumen of the primary combustion pipe and is used to add the alternative fuel into the lumen of the primary combustion pipe. The angle between the alternative fuel pipe and the primary combustion pipe is greater than 60 degrees.

9. The plasma cracking combustion device according to claim 8, Features: The connection point between the alternative fuel pipe and the primary combustion pipe is located at the middle end or / and end of the flame generated by the plasma generator, and is used for the alternative fuel to fully burn after entering the tube cavity of the primary combustion pipe.

Images