A method for efficiently recovering valuable components from complex oxidized gold and silver ores containing copper and sulfur

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for efficiently recovering valuable components from a complex oxidized gold-silver ore containing copper and sulfur, comprising the following steps: (1) grinding the ore in a weakly alkaline environment at a pH of 8 to 9, with a grinding concentration of 60% to 70%; (2) adjusting the slurry to a concentration of 45% to 50%, adding sodium silicate to adjust the slurry, and flotation to obtain a copper-sulfur mixed concentrate and a flotation tailing containing gold and silver; (3) transporting the tailing to a full-mud cyanidation leaching system for gold and silver extraction to obtain re-gold and silver activated carbon and total tailings; (4) transporting the copper-sulfur mixed concentrate obtained in step (2) to a ball mill for re-grinding, adding lime and then flotation to obtain a copper concentrate product containing gold, silver and sulfur and a gold, silver and sulfur concentrate; (5) transporting the gold, silver and sulfur concentrate in the above step (4) to a full-mud cyanidation leaching system for gold and silver extraction to obtain gold-silver-loaded activated carbon and sulfur concentrate. The present invention provides a complex oxidized gold-silver ore containing copper and sulfur, and efficiently and comprehensively recovers gold, silver, copper and sulfur, reduces production costs and improves the recovery rate of gold and silver.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for efficiently recovering valuable components from complex oxidized gold-silver ores containing copper and sulfur, and belongs to the field of ore dressing. Background Art

[0002] The copper-sulfur complex oxidized gold-silver ore is due to the long-term oxidation reaction of the copper sulfide, gold-silver ore in the upper part of the ore body in the presence of oxygen and water. Most of them are oxidized to oxide ores and survive, while a small part of the sulfide ores are not fully oxidized and are dispersed in the oxidized ore. Generally, the closer to the ground level, the higher the degree of oxidation, and the transition to sulfide ore is made in the deeper part. Therefore, the properties of the ore in the middle part are more complex. It is difficult to effectively recover the valuable components of this part of the ore. How to make efficient and comprehensive utilization of the valuable components is also one of the most challenging topics in the field of mineral processing research.

[0003] Since this part of the ore contains high copper and sulfur, but due to the high degree of oxidation, the traditional flotation and cyanide carbon slurry process is used for recovery, and the gold and silver recovery indicators are not ideal. The traditional method is to extract gold and silver through carbon leaching, that is, the two-stage alkaline leaching pretreatment operation is to add 6~8kg / t of lime to the alkaline leaching tank, aerate the bottom of the alkaline leaching tank, and cooperate with mechanical stirring to passivate the surface of the sulfide minerals. Finally, the cyanide carbon slurry process is used to recover gold and silver. Due to the incomplete passivation, some sulfide ores still have the probability of reacting with dissolved oxygen and sodium cyanide in the ore pulp, resulting in unsatisfactory gold and silver recovery indicators, large sodium cyanide consumption, and high production costs. The gold and silver recovery rates are only about 65% and 10%, respectively, and the valuable components copper and sulfur are not comprehensively recovered and utilized.

[0004] In this case, in order to further remove sulfur to improve the recovery rate of gold and silver, it is often necessary to add a large amount of lime (traditionally, 6~8kg / t of lime is enough, but now 25~30kg / t of lime is needed) to passivate the surface of pyrite, but the large amount of calcium sulfate generated will increase the viscosity of the slurry. It is difficult for the slurry to combine well with various reaction factors under simple mechanical stirring paddles, external aeration, etc. First, the dissolved oxygen content in the slurry used for the reaction is sharply reduced (from 6~8mg / L to 3~5mg / L). Second, the added NaCN is difficult to quickly and evenly diffuse on the surface of reactive minerals such as gold and silver, and is consumed by a large amount of copper and sulfur ions dissolved in the slurry. Third, the activated carbon will adsorb a large amount of calcium salts, resulting in calcification and then increase the specific gravity and deposit at the bottom of the leaching tank. The large amount of activated carbon surface is difficult to contact with the gold and silver complex ions in the slurry, resulting in a decrease in adsorption rate. In particular, in the subsequent process of the carbon slurry process, the surface of the gold and silver activated carbon is adhered by a large amount of calcium salts, and the desorption electrolysis operation of gold and silver cannot be carried out normally, resulting in the inability to produce.

[0005] For the recovery of gold and silver from gold and silver mines with high sulfur content, the most widely used process is to pre-treat the ore to remove sulfur. Usually, the acid oxidation-alkali leaching and slurry adjustment-carbon slurry recovery process or oxidation roasting-alkali leaching and slurry adjustment-carbon slurry recovery process can be used. Although this type of pretreatment-carbon slurry process can improve the recovery rate of gold and silver operations, this method has a large workload for the current concentrator transformation, and it is also necessary to introduce strong acid or pyrolysis roasting process, which has a great impact on the environment and is not easy to carry out the transformation work. In addition, the roasting process has a large investment cost, and the waste gas generated by roasting needs to be dealt with later. The whole treatment process is cumbersome and complicated, which is an urgent problem facing mining companies. Therefore, how to comprehensively leach and recover gold and silver from gold and silver mines with high sulfur content, while ensuring both technical indicators and economic indicators, is a problem faced by such mining companies. Seeking scientific, reasonable and effective treatment methods is the key to recovering valuable components in such minerals.

[0006] In oxidized gold and silver ores with high copper content, copper exists in the form of copper sulfide and copper oxide. In the field of mineral processing, copper sulfide is generally recovered by flotation, while copper oxide is relatively difficult to recover by flotation. Therefore, gold and silver associated with copper oxide and other oxides are also difficult to recover by flotation. However, in the process of extracting gold and silver by cyanide leaching, copper oxide and most of copper sulfide are easily oxidized and dissolved in cyanide solution, consuming a large amount of sodium cyanide and dissolved oxygen, seriously affecting the cyanide leaching of gold and silver, and copper cyanide complexes will precipitate on the surface of gold and silver particles, hindering the contact between cyanide ions and the surface of gold and silver, affecting the leaching rate of gold and silver. In short, it is difficult to obtain good results for such complex ores by using a single method. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for efficiently recovering valuable components from complex oxidized gold-silver ores containing copper and sulfur. For complex oxidized gold-silver ores containing copper and sulfur (copper content is more than 0.2%, copper oxidation rate is greater than 30%; sulfur content is more than 3%), qualified gold-silver-copper concentrate and sulfur concentrate are obtained. At the same time, the influence of copper and sulfur compounds with high solubility in the process of carbon-in-slurry extraction of gold and silver is reduced, the consumption of sodium cyanide and lime is reduced, the production cost is reduced and the recovery rate of gold and silver is improved, so as to achieve the purpose of efficient and comprehensive recovery of gold, silver, copper and sulfur and reduction of environmental pollution.

[0008] The specific technical solution is: a method for efficiently recovering valuable components from complex oxidized gold and silver ores containing copper and sulfur, comprising the following steps:

[0009] (1) Grinding in a weakly alkaline environment. Mix the copper-sulfur complex oxidized gold-silver ore with 1000g / t~2000g / t of lime, grind it in a ball mill to -0.074mm, accounting for 85%~90%, with a grinding concentration of 60%~70% and a grinding pH of 8~9.

[0010] In the preferential flotation of sulfide copper ore, the grinding process is generally carried out under high alkali and high calcium conditions (adding lime to grind, pH value controlled to be greater than 11.5), the purpose of which is to better suppress pyrite and obtain a higher grade of copper concentrate. When pyrite needs to be floated, activators such as sulfuric acid and copper sulfate are added, the slurry is adjusted to pH=7~8, and pyrite flotation is carried out to obtain sulfur concentrate. Obviously, this grinding method will be harmful to the subsequent gold and silver cyanidation leaching of flotation tailings (gold and silver cyanidation leaching must be carried out under pH=10.5~11.5), because the added sulfuric acid and copper sulfate will cause a large amount of sodium cyanide and lime consumption, reducing the gold and silver leaching rate, and its severity can be expected. In the mixed flotation of copper sulfide and sulfur, grinding is generally carried out under natural conditions. However, the ore is a complex gold and silver oxide ore, in which copper and sulfur in a semi-oxidized state have high solubility, which makes the slurry weakly acidic and a large amount of copper ions are dissolved, seriously affecting the subsequent cyanide leaching of flotation tailings and the separation of copper-sulfur mixed concentrates.

[0011] (2) Copper-sulfur mixed selection. After the ore pulp obtained in step (1) is adjusted to a concentration of 45%~50% (roughing concentration), 500g / t~1000g / t of water glass is added to adjust the pulp, and then it is transported to the copper and sulfur closed-circuit mixed selection cycle for high-concentration flotation. After one roughing selection, three fine selections, and two scavenging selections, copper-sulfur mixed concentrate and tailings (containing gold and silver) are obtained. In this process, the roughing flotation reagent is added at 100g / t of butyl xanthate and 30g / t of 2# oil, and stirred for 3 minutes, using a special foam screen (i.e., foam separator); the flotation reagent for scavenging selection 1 is added at 50g / t of butyl xanthate and 15g / t of 2# oil; the flotation reagent for scavenging selection 2 is added at 30g / t of butyl xanthate and 5g / t of 2# oil.

[0012] The concentration is 45%~50% (roughing concentration): Since the tailings after mixed flotation need to be subjected to carbon-in-leach to extract gold and silver, if the flotation slurry concentration is too low, the activated carbon will sink to the bottom of the leaching tank during the carbon-in-leach extraction of gold and silver, and will not be able to effectively adsorb gold and silver, thus reducing the gold and silver extraction effect, or the flotation tailings need to be concentrated, increasing the complexity of the process and the difficulty of control.

[0013] Foam screen (foam separator): It is a special separation equipment. Its working principle is to directly feed the modulated slurry to the surface of the foam layer generated by the foam separator. After the hydrophobic particles are captured by the foam layer, they flow out from the overflow weir as the foam layer moves. The hydrophilic minerals and gangue will pass through the foam layer into the slurry below and finally be discharged through the tailings pipe. In this way, the hydrophobic mineral particles can fully contact with a large number of dense bubbles for a long time, and the particles in the foam layer can be attached to several bubbles, while in general flotation machines, the particles in the slurry can only be attached to one bubble. This equipment can recover useful minerals to the maximum extent, and the recovery rate is significantly improved compared with general flotation machines.

[0014] (3) Extracting gold and silver from gold- and silver-containing flotation tailings. The tailings obtained after completing the above step (2) are transported to the full mud cyanidation leaching system for gold and silver extraction to obtain gold and silver activated carbon and total tailings. During this process, the free cyanide concentration in the slurry is controlled to be 150 mg / L~300 mg / L, pH=10.5~11.5, the slurry concentration is 35%~40%, and the leaching time is 30~40 hours.

[0015] (4) Separation of copper-sulfur mixed concentrate (containing gold and silver). The copper-sulfur mixed concentrate obtained in step (2) above is transported to a ball mill for re-grinding to -0.043mm containing 85%~90%, and then slurried to 25%~30%. During the grinding process, an appropriate amount of lime is added simultaneously to control the free CaO content in the slurry after slurry adjustment to about 500mg / L~600mg / L. It is then transported to a copper and sulfur separation closed-circuit flotation cycle for separation (including one roughing, two cleanings, and two scavengings) to obtain a copper concentrate product containing gold, silver, and sulfur and a gold, silver, and sulfur concentrate. During this process, an appropriate amount of lime is added to the cleaning operation to control the free CaO content in the cleaning operation slurry to 500mg / L~600mg / L, and the concentration of the cleaning slurry is 15~25%.

[0016] Adding lime, under high pH conditions, desorbs the xanthate adsorbed on the surface of pyrite. At the same time, under high calcium conditions, a large amount of hydrophilic Ca 2+ , CaOH + The adsorbed xanthate on the surface of copper sulfide cannot be desorbed, and the hydrophobicity is maintained. In the presence of the original collector xanthate and the bubbling agent 2# oil, the hydrophobic copper ore and the hydrophilic pyrite are effectively separated by the flotation machine. This step also floats most of the collector and frother in the sulfur concentrate slurry into the copper concentrate, reducing the influence of the reagent on the subsequent full mud cyanidation leaching of the gold and silver sulfur concentrate, and improving the leaching speed and leaching rate of gold and silver.

[0017] (5) Rapid leaching of gold and silver from sulfur concentrate containing gold and silver. The gold and silver sulfur concentrate slurry obtained in step (4) above is concentrated, filtered, and re-slurried, and then transported to the full-mud cyanide leaching system for rapid leaching. That is, when the gold and silver exposed on the outer surface are dissolved and completely extracted, the sulfur concentrate slurry is filtered in time to obtain gold and silver loaded activated carbon and sulfur concentrate. During this process, the free cyanide concentration in the slurry is controlled to be 350 mg / L~400 mg / L, pH=11.5~12.5, the slurry concentration is 35%~40%, and the leaching time is 20~22 hours.

[0018] The gold and silver particles in this type of sulfur concentrate containing gold and silver are small and dissolve quickly. After the exposed gold and silver particles are leached relatively completely, the sulfur concentrate pulp is filtered and dehydrated in time to reduce the contact time between the cyanide-containing return water and the sulfur concentrate as much as possible, to avoid more free cyanide and sulfur concentrate undergoing redox reaction, consuming more sodium cyanide and lime, and allowing more reaction products to enter the return water, affecting the further use of the return water to leach gold and silver, so as to achieve the purpose of efficient use of the return water. In addition, the dissolved sulfur ions will further precipitate gold and silver complex ions, reduce the recovery rate of gold and silver, and especially have a greater impact on the leaching of silver.

[0019] Furthermore, before step (5), the gold-silver-containing sulfur concentrate is pre-treated for deactivation. That is, the gold-silver-containing sulfur concentrate obtained after completing the above step (4) is transported to a low-speed stirring tank and placed for two days for deactivation treatment. This step is used to eliminate the activity generated on the surface of the pyrite during the fine grinding process, and to passivate the pyrite surface by generating iron hydroxide, thereby reducing the reaction of surface sulfur ions, ferrous ions and cyanide ions to consume a large amount of sodium cyanide, thereby affecting the leaching of gold and silver.

[0020] A system for efficiently recovering valuable components from complex oxidized gold and silver ores containing copper and sulfur, including a grinding and classification system, a copper and sulfur closed-circuit mixed selection circulation system, a copper and sulfur closed-circuit flotation system and a leaching system;

[0021] The copper and sulfur closed-loop mixed selection circulation system includes a copper-sulfur roughing system, a copper-sulfur scavenging system 1, a copper-sulfur scavenging system 2, a copper-sulfur concentration system 1, a copper-sulfur concentration system 2 and a copper-sulfur concentration system 3. The flotation cells in the copper-sulfur roughing system, the copper-sulfur scavenging system 1, the copper-sulfur scavenging system 2, the copper-sulfur concentration system 1, the copper-sulfur concentration system 2 and the copper-sulfur concentration system 3 are, from right to left, the first-stage flotation cell, the second-stage flotation cell...the last-stage flotation cell.

[0022] The grinding and classification system is connected to the first-stage flotation tank feed port of the copper-sulfur roughing system through a stirring barrel, the tailings outlet of the last-stage flotation tank of the copper-sulfur roughing system is connected to the first-stage flotation tank feed port of the copper-sulfur scavenging system, the tailings outlet of the last-stage flotation tank of the copper-sulfur scavenging system is connected to the first-stage flotation tank feed port of the copper-sulfur scavenging system, and the tailings outlet of the last-stage flotation tank of the copper-sulfur scavenging system is connected to the first-stage flotation tank feed port of the copper-sulfur scavenging system.

[0023] The concentrate outlet of the copper-sulfur scavenging system II is connected to the feed port of the first-stage flotation tank of the copper-sulfur scavenging system I after being aggregated, and the concentrate outlet of the copper-sulfur scavenging system I is connected to the feed port of the first-stage flotation tank of the copper-sulfur roughing system after being aggregated;

[0024] The concentrate outlets of the copper-sulfur roughing system are aggregated and connected to the first-stage flotation tank feed port of the copper-sulfur concentration system I through the second pump pool, slurry pump and stirring barrel. The concentrate outlets of the copper-sulfur concentration system I are aggregated and connected to the first-stage flotation tank feed port of the copper-sulfur concentration system II. The concentrate outlets of the copper-sulfur concentration system II are aggregated and connected to the first-stage flotation tank feed port of the copper-sulfur concentration system III. The concentrate outlets of the copper-sulfur concentration system III are aggregated and connected to the copper and sulfur closed-circuit flotation system through the stirring barrel.

[0025] The tailings outlet of the copper-sulfur concentration system III is connected to the feed port of the first-stage flotation tank of the copper-sulfur concentration system II, the tailings outlet of the copper-sulfur concentration system II is connected to the feed port of the first-stage flotation tank of the copper-sulfur concentration system I, and the tailings outlet of the copper-sulfur concentration system I is connected to the feed port of the first-stage flotation tank of the copper-sulfur roughing system;

[0026] The copper and sulfur closed-circuit flotation system includes a copper roughing system, a copper scavenging system 1, a copper scavenging system 2, a copper concentrating system 1, a copper concentrating system 2 and a copper concentrating system 3. The flotation cells in the copper roughing system, the copper scavenging system 1, the copper scavenging system 2, the copper concentrating system 1, the copper concentrating system 2 and the copper concentrating system 3 are, from right to left, the first-stage flotation cell, the second-stage flotation cell...the last-stage flotation cell.

[0027] The concentrate outlets of the copper-sulfur concentration system III are connected to the feed port of the first-stage flotation cell of the copper roughing system through a mixing barrel after being aggregated; the concentrate outlets of the copper roughing system are connected to the feed port of the first-stage flotation cell of the copper concentration system I after being aggregated; the concentrate outlets of the copper concentration system I are connected to the feed port of the first-stage flotation cell of the copper concentration system II after being aggregated; the concentrate outlets of the copper concentration system II are connected to the feed port of the first-stage flotation cell of the copper concentration system III after being aggregated; and the concentrate outlets of the copper concentration system III are copper concentrate;

[0028] The tailings outlet of the copper concentration system III is connected to the feed inlet of the first-stage flotation tank of the copper concentration system II, the tailings outlet of the copper concentration system II is connected to the feed inlet of the first-stage flotation tank of the copper concentration system I, the tailings outlet of the copper concentration system I is connected to the feed inlet of the first-stage flotation tank of the copper roughing system, the tailings outlet of the copper roughing system is connected to the feed inlet of the first-stage flotation tank of the copper scavenging system I, the tailings outlet of the copper scavenging system I is connected to the feed inlet of the first-stage flotation tank of the copper scavenging system II, and the tailings outlet of the copper scavenging system II is connected to the feed inlet of the thickener; the concentrate outlet of the copper scavenging system II is connected to the feed inlet of the first-stage flotation tank of the copper scavenging system I, and the concentrate outlet of the copper scavenging system I is connected to the feed inlet of the first-stage flotation tank of the copper roughing system;

[0029] The bottom discharge port of the thickener is connected to the feed port of the third ball mill, the discharge port of the third ball mill is connected to the feed port of the second hydrocyclone through the third pump pool and the slurry pump, the bottom outlet of the second hydrocyclone is connected to the feed port of the third ball mill, and the overflow outlet of the second hydrocyclone is connected to the second leaching system;

[0030] The structure of leaching system 1 is the same as that of leaching system 2, including a vibrating screen and a leaching tank group. The leaching tank group is composed of more than two leaching tanks connected in series, that is, the discharge port of the upper leaching tank is connected to the feed port of the lower leaching tank; a stirring device and a carbon extractor are provided in the leaching tank, and the carbon extractor is arranged in a countercurrent manner, that is, the carbon extractor of the lower leaching tank is connected to the upper inlet of the upper leaching tank through a pump; the carbon extractor outlet of the first leaching tank is connected to the feed port of the vibrating screen, and the material on the vibrating screen is gold-seeded activated carbon, and the lower liquid outlet of the vibrating screen is connected to the feed port of the first leaching tank; the leaching tanks in leaching system 1 and leaching system 2 are the first leaching tank, the second leaching tank...the last leaching tank from left to right.

[0031] The tailings outlet of the last flotation tank in the copper-sulfur scavenging system II is connected to the feed port of the first leaching tank in the leaching system I, and the discharge port of the last leaching tank in the leaching system I is the leaching tailings;

[0032] The overflow outlet of the second hydrocyclone is connected to the feed port of the first leaching tank of the second leaching system, and the discharge port of the last leaching tank of the second leaching system is sulfur concentrate.

[0033] Furthermore, the overflow outlet of the second hydrocyclone is connected to the feed inlet of the first leaching tank of the second leaching system through the stirring storage tank.

[0034] Furthermore, the grinding and grading system includes a first ball mill and a first hydraulic cyclone, the powder bin is connected to the feed port of the first ball mill through a conveyor, and the discharge port of the first ball mill is connected to the feed port of the first pump pool;

[0035] The first pump pool is connected to the first hydrocyclone feed port through a slurry pump, and the first hydrocyclone overflow port is connected to the first mixing barrel feed port; the first hydrocyclone bottom outlet is connected to the first pump pool feed port through a second ball mill.

[0036] Furthermore, the copper-sulfur roughing system is composed of 5 flotation cells connected in series, the copper-sulfur scavenging system 1 is composed of 4 flotation cells connected in series, the copper-sulfur scavenging system 2 is composed of 4 flotation cells connected in series, the copper-sulfur cleaning system 1 is composed of 4 flotation cells connected in series, the copper-sulfur cleaning system 2 is composed of 3 flotation cells connected in series, and the copper-sulfur cleaning system 3 is composed of 3 flotation cells connected in series. The flotation cells are connected in series, that is, the tailings outlet of the upper flotation cell is connected to the feed inlet of the lower flotation cell.

[0037] Furthermore, the copper roughing system is composed of 3 flotation cells connected in series, the copper scavenging system 1 is composed of 2 flotation cells connected in series, the copper scavenging system 2 is composed of 2 flotation cells connected in series, the copper concentrating system 1 is composed of 3 flotation cells connected in series, the copper concentrating system 2 is composed of 2 flotation cells connected in series, and the copper concentrating system 3 is 1 flotation cell.

[0038] Furthermore, the leaching tank groups of the leaching system 1 and the leaching system 2 are composed of 4 leaching tanks connected in series.

[0039] Beneficial effects: This process adopts weak alkaline grinding, and before the whole mud cyanidation, it adopts the means of high-concentration mixed flotation and then separation, which cleverly separates the semi-oxidized copper sulfide and pyrite separately, so that most of the gold and silver that are difficult to leach are enriched in the copper concentrate, which is an effective principle to improve the metal recovery rate of mineral processing, and avoids the semi-oxidized copper sulfide and pyrite. When the flotation tailings are used for cyanidation leaching of gold and silver in the subsequent flotation tailings, a large amount of sodium cyanide and lime are consumed, which increases the production cost.

[0040] At the same time, it effectively reduces the reaction of copper, iron, sulfur and other elements with sodium cyanide to produce a large number of complexes entering the tailings pond, which is difficult to degrade, causing environmental pollution and generating greater safety risks. It also avoids the influence of a large amount of copper cyanide complex ions and thiocyanide in the return water on the cyanidation leaching effect of gold and silver mud. Then, the gold and silver sulfur concentrate was cleverly implemented. After grinding, it was placed in a slow stirring tank for two days, and the gold and silver were extracted by rapid leaching. The high surface activity generated by the grinding process and the long leaching time caused the increase in the consumption of sodium cyanide and lime and the decrease in the leaching effect. Its essence is to greatly reduce the reaction rate of sodium cyanide with sulfur and ferrous ions on the surface of sulfur concentrate particles, improve the selectivity of sodium cyanide for gold and silver, reduce the consumption of sodium cyanide and lime, and improve the leaching rate of gold and silver.

[0041] This process cleverly enriches most of the copper, gold and silver compounds, silver sulfide, etc. that are difficult to leached by cyanide into copper concentrate, and recovers them in the subsequent smelting process, greatly improving the gold and silver recovery rate and enhancing the economic benefits of mineral processing.

[0042] This process achieves comprehensive recovery of copper, sulfur, gold and silver from complex oxidized gold-silver ores containing copper and sulfur, maximizes the value of resources, and has good stability in gold and silver indicators and strong process adaptability, which has good potential for commercial promotion value.

[0043] This process adopts the method of recycling the returned water in stages and in a targeted manner, that is, the flotation return water is used for the flotation system and the cyanide leaching system return water is used for the leaching system, which effectively avoids the adverse consequences caused by the crossover of return water in different stages, enables the return water to be recycled and utilized efficiently to the maximum extent, enhances the comprehensive utilization efficiency of water resources, and reduces the risk of environmental pollution.

[0044] The present invention is aimed at gold-silver ores with a copper content of more than 0.2%, a copper oxidation rate of more than 30% and a sulfur content of more than 3% containing copper and sulfur complex oxidation, and obtains qualified gold-silver-copper concentrate and gold-silver-sulfur concentrate. At the same time, the influence of copper and sulfur compounds with high solubility in the process of extracting gold and silver by carbon slurry method of flotation tailings is reduced, and then the gold and silver in the gold-silver-sulfur concentrate and flotation tailings are extracted in steps and efficiently, the consumption of sodium cyanide and lime is reduced, the production cost is reduced, and the recovery rate of gold and silver is increased, so as to achieve the purpose of efficient and comprehensive recovery of gold, silver, copper, sulfur and reduced environmental pollution. The present invention solves the following problems:

[0045] (1) The traditional method is difficult to obtain qualified products with low copper and sulfur content;

[0046] (2) Comprehensively and efficiently recover valuable components such as copper, sulfur, gold, and silver from complex oxide ores that are difficult to separate;

[0047] (3) Solve the problem of difficulty in recovering gold and silver from complex oxide ores containing copper, sulfur, gold and silver;

[0048] (4) Solve the problem of high consumption of sodium cyanide and lime in leaching gold and silver from complex oxide ores containing copper, sulfur, gold and silver that are difficult to select. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for efficiently recovering valuable components from complex oxidized gold and silver ores containing copper and sulfur;

[0050] Figure 2 A method and equipment connection diagram for efficiently recovering valuable components from complex oxidized gold and silver ores containing copper and sulfur;

[0051] Among them, 1 powder silo; 2 conveyor; 3 first ball mill; 4 first pump pool; 5 first hydrocyclone; 6 first mixing barrel; 7 second ball mill;

[0052] 8 Copper-sulfur roughing system; 9 Copper-sulfur scavenging system 1; 10 Copper-sulfur scavenging system 2; 11 Copper-sulfur concentrating system 1; 12 Copper-sulfur concentrating system 2; 13 Copper-sulfur concentrating system 3; 14 Second pumping pool; 15 Copper roughing system; 16 Copper scavenging system 1; 17 Copper scavenging system 2; 18 Copper concentrating system 1; 19 Copper concentrating system 2; 20 Copper concentrating system 3;

[0053] 21 thickener; 22 third ball mill; 23 third pump tank; 24 second hydrocyclone; 25 stirring storage tank; 26 vibrating screen; 27 leaching tank group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific examples, but the examples do not limit the present invention in any form. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, simple modifications or replacements made to the method, steps or conditions of the present invention all belong to the scope of the present invention.

[0055] like Figure 2 A system for efficiently recovering valuable components from a copper- and sulfur-containing complex oxidized gold- and silver ore is shown, comprising a grinding and classification system, a copper- and sulfur closed-circuit mixed selection circulation system, a copper- and sulfur closed-circuit flotation system, and a leaching system;

[0056] The copper and sulfur closed-loop mixed selection circulation system comprises a copper-sulfur roughing system 8, a copper-sulfur scavenging system 1 9, a copper-sulfur scavenging system 2 10, a copper-sulfur concentration system 1 1 1, a copper-sulfur concentration system 2 12, and a copper-sulfur concentration system 3 13. The flotation cells in the copper-sulfur roughing system 8, the copper-sulfur scavenging system 1 9, the copper-sulfur scavenging system 2 10, the copper-sulfur concentration system 1 1 1, the copper-sulfur concentration system 2 12, and the copper-sulfur concentration system 3 13 are, from right to left, the first-stage flotation cell, the second-stage flotation cell ... the last-stage flotation cell.

[0057] The grinding and grading system is connected to the first-stage flotation tank feed port of the copper-sulfur roughing system 8 through the first stirring barrel 6, the tailings outlet of the last-stage flotation tank of the copper-sulfur roughing system 8 is connected to the first-stage flotation tank feed port of the copper-sulfur scavenging system 1 9, the tailings outlet of the last-stage flotation tank of the copper-sulfur scavenging system 1 9 is connected to the first-stage flotation tank feed port of the copper-sulfur scavenging system 2 10, and the tailings outlet of the last-stage flotation tank of the copper-sulfur scavenging system 2 10 is connected to the leaching system 1;

[0058] The concentrate outlet of the copper-sulfur scavenging system 10 is connected to the first-stage flotation tank feed port of the copper-sulfur scavenging system 9 after being aggregated, and the concentrate outlet of the copper-sulfur scavenging system 9 is connected to the first-stage flotation tank feed port of the copper-sulfur roughing system 8 after being aggregated;

[0059] The concentrate outlet of the copper-sulfur roughing system 8 is aggregated and connected to the first-stage flotation tank feed port of the copper-sulfur concentration system 11 through the second pump pool 14, the slurry pump and the stirring barrel. The concentrate outlet of the copper-sulfur concentration system 11 is aggregated and connected to the first-stage flotation tank feed port of the copper-sulfur concentration system 2 12. The concentrate outlet of the copper-sulfur concentration system 2 12 is aggregated and connected to the first-stage flotation tank feed port of the copper-sulfur concentration system 3 13. The concentrate outlet of the copper-sulfur concentration system 3 13 is aggregated and connected to the copper and sulfur closed-circuit flotation system through the stirring barrel.

[0060] The tailings outlet of the copper-sulfur concentration system 3 13 is connected to the first-stage flotation tank feed port of the copper-sulfur concentration system 2 12, the tailings outlet of the copper-sulfur concentration system 2 12 is connected to the first-stage flotation tank feed port of the copper-sulfur concentration system 11, and the tailings outlet of the copper-sulfur concentration system 11 is connected to the first-stage flotation tank feed port of the copper-sulfur roughing system 8;

[0061] The copper and sulfur closed-circuit flotation system comprises a copper roughing system 15, a copper scavenging system 16, a copper scavenging system 2 17, a copper concentrating system 1 18, a copper concentrating system 2 19 and a copper concentrating system 3 20. The flotation cells in the copper roughing system 15, the copper scavenging system 1 16, the copper scavenging system 2 17, the copper concentrating system 1 18, the copper concentrating system 2 19 and the copper concentrating system 3 20 are, from right to left, the first-stage flotation cell, the second-stage flotation cell ... the last-stage flotation cell.

[0062] The concentrate outlets of the copper-sulfur concentration system 3 13 are connected to the feed port of the first-stage flotation cell of the copper roughing system 15 through a mixing barrel after being aggregated; the concentrate outlets of the copper roughing system 15 are connected to the feed port of the first-stage flotation cell of the copper concentration system 18 after being aggregated; the concentrate outlets of the copper concentration system 18 are connected to the feed port of the first-stage flotation cell of the copper concentration system 2 19 after being aggregated; the concentrate outlets of the copper concentration system 2 19 are connected to the feed port of the first-stage flotation cell of the copper concentration system 3 20 after being aggregated; and the concentrate outlet of the copper concentration system 3 20 is copper concentrate;

[0063] The tailings outlet of the copper concentration system 3 20 is connected to the first-stage flotation tank feed port of the copper concentration system 2 19, the tailings outlet of the copper concentration system 2 19 is connected to the first-stage flotation tank feed port of the copper concentration system 18, the tailings outlet of the copper concentration system 18 is connected to the first-stage flotation tank feed port of the copper roughing system 15, the tailings outlet of the copper roughing system 15 is connected to the first-stage flotation tank feed port of the copper scavenging system 16, the tailings outlet of the copper scavenging system 16 is connected to the first-stage flotation tank feed port of the copper scavenging system 2 17, and the tailings outlet of the copper scavenging system 2 17 is connected to the thickener feed port; the concentrate outlet of the copper scavenging system 2 17 is connected to the feed port of the first-stage flotation tank of the copper scavenging system 16 after being aggregated, and the concentrate outlet of the copper scavenging system 16 is connected to the feed port of the first-stage flotation tank of the copper roughing system 15 after being aggregated;

[0064] The bottom discharge port of the thickener 21 is connected to the feed port of the third ball mill 22, the discharge port of the third ball mill 22 is connected to the feed port of the second hydrocyclone 24 through the third pump pool 23 and the slurry pump, the bottom outlet of the second hydrocyclone 24 is connected to the feed port of the third ball mill 22, and the overflow outlet of the second hydrocyclone 24 is connected to the leaching system 2;

[0065] The leaching system includes a leaching system 1 and a leaching system 2. The leaching system 1 has the same structure as the leaching system 2, including a vibrating screen 26 and a leaching tank group 27. The leaching tank group 27 is composed of more than two leaching tanks connected in series, that is, the discharge port of the upper leaching tank is connected to the feed port of the lower leaching tank; the leaching tank is provided with a stirring device and a carbon extractor, and the carbon extractor is arranged in a countercurrent manner, that is, the carbon extractor of the lower leaching tank is connected to the upper inlet of the upper leaching tank through a pump; the carbon extractor outlet of the first leaching tank is connected to the feed port of the vibrating screen, and the material on the vibrating screen is gold-seeded activated carbon, and the lower liquid outlet of the vibrating screen is connected to the feed port of the first leaching tank; the leaching tanks in the leaching system 1 and the leaching system 2 are, from left to right, the first leaching tank, the second leaching tank...the last leaching tank.

[0066] The tailings outlet of the last flotation tank in the copper-sulfur scavenging system 10 is connected to the feed inlet of the first leaching tank of the leaching system 1, and the discharge outlet of the last leaching tank of the leaching system 1 is the leaching tailings;

[0067] The overflow outlet of the second hydrocyclone 24 is connected to the feed port of the first leaching tank of the second leaching system, and the discharge port of the last leaching tank of the second leaching system is sulfur concentrate.

[0068] Furthermore, the overflow outlet of the second hydrocyclone 24 is connected to the feed inlet of the first leaching tank of the second leaching system through the stirring storage tank 25 .

[0069] Further, the grinding and classification system includes a first ball mill 3 and a first hydraulic cyclone 5, the powder bin 1 is connected to the feed port of the first ball mill 3 through a conveyor 2, and the discharge port of the first ball mill 3 is connected to the feed port of the first pump pool 4;

[0070] The first pump pool 4 is connected to the feed port of the first hydrocyclone 5 through a slurry pump, and the overflow port of the first hydrocyclone 5 is connected to the feed port of the first mixing barrel 6; the bottom outlet of the first hydrocyclone 5 is connected to the feed port of the first pump pool 4 through a second ball mill 7.

[0071] Furthermore, the copper-sulfur roughing system 8 is composed of 5 flotation cells connected in series, the copper-sulfur scavenging system 1 9 is composed of 4 flotation cells connected in series, the copper-sulfur scavenging system 2 10 is composed of 4 flotation cells connected in series, the copper-sulfur cleaning system 1 1 is composed of 4 flotation cells connected in series, the copper-sulfur cleaning system 2 12 is composed of 3 flotation cells connected in series, and the copper-sulfur cleaning system 3 13 is composed of 3 flotation cells connected in series. The flotation cells are connected in series, that is, the tailings outlet of the upper flotation cell is connected to the feed inlet of the lower flotation cell.

[0072] Furthermore, the copper roughing system 15 is composed of three flotation cells connected in series, the copper scavenging system 16 is composed of two flotation cells connected in series, the copper scavenging system 2 17 is composed of two flotation cells connected in series, the copper concentrating system 18 is composed of three flotation cells connected in series, the copper concentrating system 2 19 is composed of two flotation cells connected in series, and the copper concentrating system 3 20 is one flotation cell.

[0073] Furthermore, the leaching tank group 27 of the leaching system 1 and the leaching system 2 is composed of four leaching tanks connected in series.

[0074] Embodiment 1:

[0075] A copper-containing, sulfur-oxidized gold-silver ore. The main minerals are altered series minerals such as magnetite, hematite, and limonite. Due to the deep oxidation of the ore, limonite accounts for the vast majority; a small amount of sulfide minerals, mainly pyrite, followed by chalcopyrite and chalcocite, and very trace amounts of arsenopyrite, galena, and sphalerite; gold minerals mainly include native gold and silver-gold ore, while silver minerals are more complex. In addition to native silver, there are also sulfide minerals - spiral silver sulfide and deep red silver ore. The gangue minerals are mainly quartz, dolomite, and calcite, followed by earthy minerals such as chlorite, kaolin, and sericite. The main element contents are: Cu0.20%, S4.85%, Au2.15g / t, Ag32.65g / t, and the copper oxidation rate is 54.65%.

[0076] The present invention is used to implement the ore, and the technical solution includes copper-sulfur mixed selection, copper-sulfur separation, and gold-silver-carrying sulfur concentrate and tailings full mud cyanidation leaching gold and silver cycles. The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0077] (1) Grinding in a weakly alkaline environment. Mix the copper-sulfur complex oxidized gold-silver ore with 1000g / t~2000g / t of lime, grind it in a ball mill to -0.074mm, accounting for 85%~90%, and the grinding concentration is 60%~70%.

[0078] (2) Copper-sulfur mixed selection. After the ore pulp obtained in step (1) is adjusted to a concentration of 45%~50% (roughing concentration), 500g / t~1000g / t of water glass is added to adjust the pulp, and then it is transported to the copper and sulfur closed-circuit mixed selection cycle for high-concentration flotation. After one roughing selection, three fine selections, and two scavenging selections, copper-sulfur mixed concentrate and tailings (containing gold and silver) are obtained. In this process, the roughing flotation reagent is added at 100g / t of butyl xanthate and 30g / t of 2# oil, and stirred for 3 minutes, and a special foam screen (i.e., foam separator) is used for the roughing selection; the flotation reagent for scavenging selection 1 is added at 50g / t of butyl xanthate and 15g / t of 2# oil; the flotation reagent for scavenging selection 2 is added at 30g / t of butyl xanthate and 5g / t of 2# oil.

[0079] (3) Extracting gold and silver from gold-silver flotation tailings. The tailings obtained after completing the above step (2) are transported to the full mud cyanidation leaching system for gold and silver extraction to obtain gold and silver activated carbon and total tailings. During this process, the free cyanide concentration in the slurry is controlled at 150 mg / L~300 mg / L, pH=10.5~11.5, the slurry concentration is 35%~40%, and the leaching time is 30 hours.

[0080] (4) Separation of copper-sulfur mixed concentrate (containing gold and silver). The copper-sulfur mixed concentrate obtained in step (2) above is transported to a ball mill for re-grinding to -0.043mm containing 85%~90%, and then slurried to 25%~30%. During the grinding process, an appropriate amount of lime is added simultaneously to control the free CaO content in the slurry after slurry adjustment to about 500mg / L~600mg / L. It is then transported to a copper and sulfur separation closed-circuit flotation cycle for separation (including one roughing, two cleanings, and two scavengings) to obtain a copper concentrate product containing gold, silver, and sulfur and a gold, silver, and sulfur concentrate. During this process, an appropriate amount of lime is added to the cleaning operation to control the free CaO content in the cleaning operation slurry to about 500mg / L~600mg / L, and the concentration of the cleaning slurry is 15~25%.

[0081] (5) Pretreatment of gold-silver-containing sulfur concentrate deactivation. The gold-silver-containing sulfur concentrate obtained after completing the above step (4) is transported to a low-speed stirring tank and placed for two days for deactivation treatment. This step is used to eliminate the activity generated on the surface of pyrite during the fine grinding process, and to passivate it by generating iron hydroxide on the surface of pyrite, thereby reducing the reaction of surface sulfur ions, ferrous ions and cyanide ions to consume a large amount of sodium cyanide, which affects the leaching of gold and silver.

[0082] (6) Rapid leaching of gold and silver from sulfur concentrate containing gold and silver. The gold and silver sulfur concentrate slurry obtained in step (5) above is concentrated, filtered, and re-slurried, and then transported to the full-mud cyanide leaching system for rapid leaching. That is, when the gold and silver exposed on the outer surface are dissolved and completely extracted, the sulfur concentrate slurry is filtered in time to obtain gold and silver loaded activated carbon and sulfur concentrate. During this process, the free cyanide concentration in the slurry is controlled to be 350 mg / L~400 mg / L, pH=11.5~12.5, the slurry concentration is 35%~40%, and the leaching time is 20~22 hours.

[0083] The test results obtained by adopting the invention are as follows: copper concentrate has a copper grade of 15.85%, a gold grade of 125.53g / t, a silver grade of 765.38g / t, a copper recovery rate of 52.61%, a gold recovery rate of 59.47%, and a silver recovery rate of 63.58%; the gold grade of gold-silver-loaded activated carbon is 694.32g / t, the silver grade is 2675.33g / t, the gold recovery rate is 30.78%, and the silver recovery rate is 20.88%; the sulfur grade of sulfur concentrate is 45.43%, and the sulfur recovery rate is 84.66%. The comprehensive recovery indicators are: copper recovery rate is 52.61%, sulfur recovery rate is 84.66%, gold recovery rate is 90.25%, and silver recovery rate is 84.46%.

[0084] Embodiment 2:

[0085] A copper-containing, sulfur-oxidized gold-silver ore. The main minerals are altered series minerals such as magnetite, hematite, and limonite. Due to the deep oxidation of the ore, limonite accounts for the vast majority; a small amount of sulfide minerals, mainly pyrite, followed by chalcopyrite and chalcocite, and very trace amounts of arsenopyrite, galena, and sphalerite; gold minerals mainly include native gold and silver-gold ore, while silver minerals are more complex. In addition to native silver, there are also sulfide minerals - spiral silver sulfide and deep red silver ore. The gangue minerals are mainly quartz, dolomite, and calcite, followed by earthy minerals such as chlorite, kaolin, and sericite. The main element contents are: Cu0.38%, S3.00%, Au1.95g / t, Ag29.42g / t, and the copper oxidation rate is 40.28%.

[0086] The present invention is used to implement the ore, and the technical solution includes copper-sulfur mixed selection, copper-sulfur separation, and gold-silver-carrying sulfur concentrate and tailings full mud cyanidation leaching gold and silver cycles. The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0087] (1) Grinding in a weakly alkaline environment. Mix the copper-sulfur complex oxidized gold-silver ore with 1000g / t~2000g / t of lime, grind it in a ball mill to -0.074mm, accounting for 85%~90%, and the grinding concentration is 60%~70%.

[0088] (2) Copper-sulfur mixed selection. After the ore pulp obtained in step (1) is adjusted to a concentration of 45%~50% (roughing concentration), 500g / t~1000g / t of water glass is added to adjust the pulp, and then it is transported to the copper and sulfur closed-circuit mixed selection cycle for high-concentration flotation. After one roughing selection, three fine selections, and two scavenging selections, copper-sulfur mixed concentrate and tailings (containing gold and silver) are obtained. In this process, the roughing flotation reagent is added at 100g / t of butyl xanthate and 30g / t of 2# oil, and stirred for 3 minutes, and a special foam screen (i.e., foam separator) is used for the roughing selection; the flotation reagent for scavenging selection 1 is added at 50g / t of butyl xanthate and 15g / t of 2# oil; the flotation reagent for scavenging selection 2 is added at 30g / t of butyl xanthate and 5g / t of 2# oil.

[0089] (3) Extracting gold and silver from gold-silver flotation tailings. The tailings obtained after completing the above step (2) are transported to the full mud cyanide leaching system for gold and silver extraction to obtain gold and silver activated carbon and total tailings. During this process, the free cyanide concentration in the slurry is controlled at 150 mg / L~300 mg / L, pH=10.5~11.5, the slurry concentration is 35%~40%, and the leaching time is 36 hours.

[0090] (4) Separation of copper-sulfur mixed concentrate (containing gold and silver). The copper-sulfur mixed concentrate obtained in step (2) above is transported to a ball mill for re-grinding to -0.043mm containing 85%~90%, and then slurried to 25%~30%. During the grinding process, an appropriate amount of lime is added simultaneously to control the free CaO content in the slurry after slurry adjustment to about 500mg / L~600mg / L. It is then transported to a copper and sulfur separation closed-circuit flotation cycle for separation (including one roughing, two cleanings, and two scavengings) to obtain a copper concentrate product containing gold, silver, and sulfur and a gold, silver, and sulfur concentrate. During this process, an appropriate amount of lime is added to the cleaning operation to control the free CaO content in the cleaning operation slurry to 500mg / L~600mg / L, and the concentration of the cleaning slurry is 15~25%.

[0091] (5) Pretreatment of gold-silver-containing sulfur concentrate deactivation. The gold-silver-containing sulfur concentrate obtained after completing the above step (4) is transported to a low-speed stirring tank and placed for two days for deactivation treatment. This step is used to eliminate the activity generated on the surface of pyrite during the fine grinding process, and to passivate it by generating iron hydroxide on the surface of pyrite, thereby reducing the reaction of surface sulfur ions, ferrous ions and cyanide ions to consume a large amount of sodium cyanide, which affects the leaching of gold and silver.

[0092] (6) Rapid leaching of gold and silver from sulfur concentrate containing gold and silver. The gold and silver sulfur concentrate slurry obtained in step (5) above is concentrated, filtered, and re-slurried, and then transported to the full-mud cyanide leaching system for rapid leaching. That is, when the gold and silver exposed on the outer surface are dissolved and completely extracted, the sulfur concentrate slurry is filtered in time to obtain gold and silver loaded activated carbon and sulfur concentrate. During this process, the free cyanide concentration in the slurry is controlled to be 350 mg / L~400 mg / L, pH=11.5~12.5, the slurry concentration is 35%~40%, and the leaching time is 20~22 hours.

[0093] The test results obtained by adopting the invention are as follows: copper concentrate has a copper grade of 16.52%, a gold grade of 114.21g / t, a silver grade of 652.44g / t, a copper recovery rate of 54.59%, a gold recovery rate of 57.49%, and a silver recovery rate of 60.72%; the gold grade of gold-silver-loaded activated carbon is 625.77g / t, the silver grade is 2800.27g / t, the gold recovery rate is 33.89%, and the silver recovery rate is 22.98%; the sulfur grade of sulfur concentrate is 45.67%, and the sulfur recovery rate is 85.81%. The comprehensive recovery indicators are: copper recovery rate is 54.59%, sulfur recovery rate is 85.81%, gold recovery rate is 91.38%, and silver recovery rate is 83.70%.

[0094] Embodiment 3:

[0095] A copper-containing, sulfur-oxidized gold-silver ore. The main minerals are altered series minerals such as magnetite, hematite, and limonite. Due to the deep oxidation of the ore, limonite accounts for the vast majority; a small amount of sulfide minerals, mainly pyrite, followed by chalcopyrite and chalcocite, and very trace amounts of arsenopyrite, galena, and sphalerite; gold minerals mainly include native gold and silver-gold ore, while silver minerals are more complex. In addition to native silver, there are also sulfide minerals - spiral silver sulfide and deep red silver ore. The gangue minerals are mainly quartz, dolomite, and calcite, followed by earthy minerals such as chlorite, kaolin, and sericite. The main element contents are: Cu0.42%, S5.33%, Au2.31g / t, Ag37.12g / t, and the copper oxidation rate is 29.95%.

[0096] The present invention is used to implement the ore, and the technical solution includes copper-sulfur mixed selection, copper-sulfur separation, and gold-silver-carrying sulfur concentrate and tailings full mud cyanidation leaching gold and silver cycles. The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0097] (1) Grinding in a weakly alkaline environment. Mix the copper-sulfur complex oxidized gold-silver ore with 1000g / t~2000g / t of lime, grind it in a ball mill to -0.074mm, accounting for 85%~90%, and the grinding concentration is 60%~70%.

[0098] (2) Copper-sulfur mixed selection. After the ore pulp obtained in step (1) is adjusted to a concentration of 45%~50% (roughing concentration), 500g / t~1000g / t of water glass is added to adjust the pulp, and then it is transported to the copper and sulfur closed-circuit mixed selection cycle for high-concentration flotation. After one roughing selection, three fine selections, and two scavenging selections, copper-sulfur mixed concentrate and tailings (containing gold and silver) are obtained. In this process, the roughing flotation reagent is added at 100g / t of butyl xanthate and 30g / t of 2# oil, and stirred for 3 minutes, and a special foam screen (i.e., foam separator) is used for the roughing selection; the flotation reagent for scavenging selection 1 is added at 50g / t of butyl xanthate and 15g / t of 2# oil; the flotation reagent for scavenging selection 2 is added at 30g / t of butyl xanthate and 5g / t of 2# oil.

[0099] (3) Extracting gold and silver from gold-silver flotation tailings. The tailings obtained after completing the above step (2) are transported to the full mud cyanide leaching system for gold and silver extraction to obtain gold and silver activated carbon and total tailings. During this process, the free cyanide concentration in the slurry is controlled at 150 mg / L~300 mg / L, pH=10.5~11.5, the slurry concentration is 35%~40%, and the leaching time is 40 hours.

[0100] (4) Separation of copper-sulfur mixed concentrate (containing gold and silver). The copper-sulfur mixed concentrate obtained in step (2) above is transported to a ball mill for re-grinding to -0.043mm containing 85%~90%, and then slurried to 25%~30%. During the grinding process, an appropriate amount of lime is added simultaneously to control the free CaO content in the slurry after slurry adjustment to about 500mg / L~600mg / L. It is then transported to a copper and sulfur separation closed-circuit flotation cycle for separation (including one roughing, two cleanings, and two scavengings) to obtain a copper concentrate product containing gold, silver, and sulfur and a gold, silver, and sulfur concentrate. During this process, an appropriate amount of lime is added to the cleaning operation to control the free CaO content in the cleaning operation slurry to 500mg / L~600mg / L, and the concentration of the cleaning slurry is 15~25%.

[0101] (5) Pretreatment of gold-silver-containing sulfur concentrate deactivation. The gold-silver-containing sulfur concentrate obtained after completing the above step (3) is transported to a low-speed stirring tank and placed for two days for deactivation treatment. This step is used to eliminate the activity generated on the surface of pyrite during the fine grinding process, and to passivate it by generating iron hydroxide on the surface of pyrite, thereby reducing the reaction of surface sulfur ions, ferrous ions and cyanide ions to consume a large amount of sodium cyanide, which affects the leaching of gold and silver.

[0102] (6) Rapid leaching of gold and silver from sulfur concentrate containing gold and silver. The gold and silver sulfur concentrate slurry obtained in step (5) above is concentrated, filtered, and re-slurried, and then transported to the full-mud cyanide leaching system for rapid leaching. That is, when the gold and silver exposed on the outer surface are dissolved and completely extracted, the sulfur concentrate slurry is filtered in time to obtain gold and silver loaded activated carbon and sulfur concentrate. During this process, the free cyanide concentration in the slurry is controlled to be 350 mg / L~400 mg / L, pH=11.5~12.5, the slurry concentration is 35%~40%, and the leaching time is 20~22 hours.

[0103] The test results obtained by adopting the invention are as follows: copper concentrate has a copper grade of 17.23%, a gold grade of 131.84g / t, a silver grade of 699.29g / t, a copper recovery rate of 53.97%, a gold recovery rate of 58.95%, and a silver recovery rate of 64.22%; the gold grade of gold-silver-loaded activated carbon is 733.76g / t, the silver grade is 2900.60g / t, the gold recovery rate is 32.39%, and the silver recovery rate is 21.24%; the sulfur grade of sulfur concentrate is 46.19%, and the sulfur recovery rate is 85.74%. The comprehensive recovery indicators are: copper recovery rate is 53.97%, sulfur recovery rate is 85.74%, gold recovery rate is 91.34%, and silver recovery rate is 85.96%.

[0104] Comparative experiment

[0105] A comparative experiment was conducted with a copper-containing, sulfur-oxidized gold-silver ore in Example 1. The main minerals are altered series minerals such as magnetite, hematite, and limonite. Due to the deep oxidation degree of the ore, limonite accounts for the vast majority; a small amount of sulfide minerals, mainly pyrite, followed by chalcopyrite and chalcocite, and extremely trace amounts of arsenopyrite, galena, and sphalerite; gold minerals mainly include natural gold and silver-gold ore, while silver minerals are more complex. In addition to natural silver, there are also sulfide minerals-spiral silver sulfide and deep red silver ore. The gangue minerals are mainly quartz, dolomite, and calcite, followed by earthy minerals such as chlorite, kaolin, and sericite. The main element contents are: Cu0.20%, S4.85%, Au2.15g / t, Ag32.65g / t, and the copper oxidation rate is 54.65%.

[0106] Comparative Example 1

[0107] The ore was leached using the traditional carbon cyanide leaching method, and the test results showed that the gold leaching rate was 65% and the silver leaching rate was 0.58%. The results showed that the gold and silver leaching rates were low, the consumption of sodium cyanide and lime was large, the production cost was high, and copper and sulfur could not be recovered accordingly.

[0108] Comparative Example 2

[0109] The ore was subjected to cyanide leaching process with preferential copper flotation and then sulfur flotation-gold-loaded sulfur concentrate and tailings, and the grinding pH was 11.5-12.5. The test results were as follows: copper concentrate with a copper grade of 13.78%, a gold grade of 123.87g / t, a silver grade of 759.66g / t, a copper recovery rate of 48.21%, a gold recovery rate of 52.36%, and a silver recovery rate of 60.11%; gold grade of gold- and silver-loaded activated carbon with a gold grade of 690.12g / t, a silver grade of 2665.52g / t, a gold recovery rate of 28.78%, and a silver recovery rate of 12.32%; sulfur concentrate with a sulfur grade of 38.08% and a sulfur recovery rate of 65.72%. The comprehensive recovery indicators were: copper recovery rate of 48.21%, sulfur recovery rate of 65.72%, gold recovery rate of 81.78%, and silver recovery rate of 72.43%. The results show that the copper, sulfur, gold and silver indicators have all decreased significantly, and the flotation of pyrite requires sulfuric acid or copper sulfate activation, which has an adverse effect on the cyanide leaching extraction of gold and silver in the flotation tailings.

[0110] Comparative Example 3

[0111] The copper-sulfur mixed flotation-copper-sulfur separation-gold-silver-sulfur concentrate and tailings were used for cyanide leaching. The ore was ground at pH=5.5~6.5 in the natural state, and the gold-silver-sulfur concentrate was directly and timely leached by full mud cyanide using traditional methods. The test results were as follows: the copper grade of the copper concentrate was 7.56%, the gold grade was 80.23g / t, the silver grade was 321.17g / t, the copper recovery rate was 52.97%, the gold recovery rate was 60.88%, and the silver recovery rate was 68.91%; the gold grade of the gold-silver-loaded activated carbon was 614.52g / t, the silver grade was 2466.08g / t, the gold recovery rate was 28.33%, and the silver recovery rate was 14.98%; the sulfur grade of the sulfur concentrate was 36.46%, and the sulfur recovery rate was 62.45%. The comprehensive recovery index is: copper recovery rate 52.97%, sulfur recovery rate 62.45%, gold recovery rate 89.21%, silver recovery rate 83.89%. The results show that the copper grade of copper concentrate and sulfur grade of sulfur concentrate obtained by this process are low, and qualified copper concentrate and sulfur concentrate cannot be obtained, nor can the comprehensive and effective recovery of copper, sulfur, gold and silver be achieved.

[0112] Comparative Example 4

[0113] The copper-sulfur mixed flotation-copper-sulfur separation-gold-silver-sulfur concentrate and tailings were used for cyanide leaching. The ore was ground with a pH of 8-9, and the gold-silver-sulfur concentrate was directly and timely leached with full mud cyanide using traditional methods. The test results were as follows: the copper grade of the copper concentrate was 15.76%, the gold grade was 125.77g / t, the silver grade was 766.27g / t, the copper recovery rate was 52.72%, the gold recovery rate was 59.29%, and the silver recovery rate was 63.36%; the gold grade of the gold-silver-loaded activated carbon was 661.45g / t, the silver grade was 2465.62g / t, the gold recovery rate was 26.91%, and the silver recovery rate was 12.68%; the sulfur grade of the sulfur concentrate was 45.55%, and the sulfur recovery rate was 84.71%. The comprehensive recovery index is: copper recovery rate 52.72%, sulfur recovery rate 84.71%, gold recovery rate 86.20%, silver recovery rate 76.04%. The results show that timely cyanide leaching of gold-silver sulfur concentrate will reduce the total leaching rate of gold and silver by about 4% and 8% respectively, and the consumption of sodium cyanide for leaching of gold-silver sulfur concentrate will increase, and the production cost will increase.

[0114] In summary, most of the copper is recovered by this process, sulfur is effectively recovered, the recovery rate of gold and silver is improved, and mineral resources are well utilized. More importantly, the total consumption of sodium cyanide and lime is greatly reduced, the total cyanide content in the tailings is also greatly reduced, and the risk of environmental pollution is greatly reduced. It shows that the indicators of this process are relatively stable and good, and the adaptability is strong, especially the silver recovery index has been greatly improved.

Claims

1. A method for efficiently recovering valuable components from complex oxidized gold and silver ores containing copper and sulfur, It is characterized in that The following steps are involved: (1) Grinding in a weakly alkaline environment: Mix the copper-sulfur complex oxidized gold-silver ore with lime to ensure that the pH is 8-9, and grind it in a ball mill to -0.074mm, accounting for 85%-90%, and the grinding concentration is 60%-70%; (2) Copper-sulfur mixed selection: after the slurry obtained in step (1) is adjusted to a concentration of 45% to 50%, 500 g / t to 1000 g / t of sodium silicate is added to adjust the slurry, and then flotation is performed to obtain a copper-sulfur mixed concentrate and a gold-silver-containing flotation tailings; (3) Extracting gold and silver from gold-silver flotation tailings: The tailings obtained after completing the above step (2) are transported to the full-mud cyanidation leaching system for gold and silver extraction to obtain gold and silver activated carbon and total tailings. During this process, the free cyanide concentration in the slurry is controlled to be 150 mg / L~300 mg / L, pH=10.5~11.5, the slurry concentration is 35%~40%, and the leaching time is 30~40 hours; (4) separation of mixed concentrate containing gold, silver, copper and sulfur. The mixed concentrate containing copper and sulfur obtained in step (2) is transported to a ball mill for re-grinding to -0.043 mm with a content of 85% to 90%, and then slurry is adjusted to 25% to 30%. During the grinding process, lime is added simultaneously to control the free CaO content in the slurry after slurry adjustment to about 500 mg / L to 600 mg / L. Then, flotation is performed to obtain a gold, silver and copper concentrate product and a gold, silver and sulfur concentrate. (5) Extracting gold and silver from the sulfur concentrate containing gold and silver. The sulfur concentrate containing gold and silver after completing step (4) above is transported to a full-mud cyanide leaching system for gold and silver extraction to obtain gold and silver loaded activated carbon and sulfur concentrate. During this process, the free cyanide concentration in the slurry is controlled at 350 mg / L~400 mg / L, and the pH is 11.5~12.

5.

2. The method for efficiently recovering valuable components from complex oxidized gold-silver ores containing copper and sulfur as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that Prior to step (5), the gold-silver-containing sulfur concentrate is pre-treated for deactivation; that is, the gold-silver-containing sulfur concentrate obtained after completing the above step (4) is transported to a low-speed stirring tank and placed for two days for deactivation treatment.

3. The method for efficiently recovering valuable components from complex oxidized gold-silver ores containing copper and sulfur as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that In step (1), the copper-sulfur complex oxidized gold-silver ore is mixed with 1000 g / t to 2000 g / t of lime to ensure that the pH is 8 to 9.

4. The method for efficiently recovering valuable components from complex oxidized gold-silver ores containing copper and sulfur as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that In step (2), the slurry obtained in step (1) is transported to a copper and sulfur closed-circuit mixed selection cycle for high-concentration flotation, that is, through one roughing selection, three fine selections, and two scavenging selections; in this process, the roughing flotation reagent is added according to 100 g / t of butyl xanthate and 30 g / t of 2# oil, and stirred for 3 minutes; the scavenging first flotation reagent is added according to 50 g / t of butyl xanthate and 15 g / t of 2# oil; the scavenging second flotation reagent is added according to 30 g / t of butyl xanthate and 5 g / t of 2# oil.

5. The method for efficiently recovering valuable components from complex oxidized gold-silver ores containing copper and sulfur as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that In step (4), copper and sulfur are separated by closed-circuit flotation, that is, after one roughing, two cleaning and two scavenging, during which lime is added to the cleaning operation to control the free CaO content in the cleaning operation pulp to 500 mg / L~600 mg / L and the concentration of the cleaned pulp to 15~25%.

6. The method for efficiently recovering valuable components from complex oxidized gold-silver ores containing copper and sulfur as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that In step (5), the gold-silver sulfur concentrate slurry obtained in step (4) is concentrated, filtered, and re-slurried, and then transported to a full-mud cyanide leaching system for rapid leaching, that is, when the gold and silver exposed on the outer surface are dissolved and completely extracted, the sulfur concentrate slurry is filtered in time to obtain gold-silver loaded activated carbon and sulfur concentrate. In this process, the free cyanide concentration in the slurry is controlled to be 350 mg / L~400 mg / L, the pH value is 11.5~12.5, the slurry concentration is 35%~40%, and the leaching time is 20~22 hours.

7. The method for efficiently recovering valuable components from complex oxidized gold-silver ores containing copper and sulfur as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, It is characterized in that For copper content above 0.2%, copper oxidation rate greater than 30%; sulfur content above 3% and copper-sulfur complex oxidation gold-silver ores.

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