A U-shaped roof module construction method

Abstract

The present application discloses a U-shaped ridge module construction method, which includes the following steps: acceptance of construction raw materials, testing and acceptance of the size, curvature, galvanizing quality, surface finish and material composition of the construction raw materials; pre-assembly, sequentially splicing and assembling a plurality of keel components at a flat place into a keel unit; hoisting, using a crane to hoist a plurality of the keel units to the roof; patching, welding and installing a support rod between two adjacent upper chord brackets; installing a perforated bottom plate, connecting the perforated bottom plate to the purlin of the roof from the bottom surface of the roof through self-tapping screws; installing a galvanized steel flat plate, covering the galvanized steel flat plate on the outer side wall of the support rod; and installing a waterproof coiled material. The present application has the effect of improving the construction effect and quality of the U-shaped ridge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and in particular to a construction method of a U-shaped roof ridge module. Background Art

[0002] The ridge refers to the intersection of the opposite slopes or inclines of the roof, and is also the highest point of the roof. The ridge is widely used in ancient Chinese architecture and has a wide variety of structures. It adds a sense of grandeur and solemnity to the building while maintaining its practicality.

[0003] During the construction of modern buildings, the roof ridges of ancient buildings have been adaptively improved and simplified to make them more adaptable to current environmental changes and structural layouts. Usually, modern roof ridges are made of wood, bricks, stones and other materials as construction materials, which can relatively easily realize the construction of gabled ridges or corner ridges. For U-shaped vertical ridges with larger spans and more magnificent styles, the structure is relatively complex and requires higher molding accuracy. There is currently a lack of standardized construction processes and acceptance methods. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to improve the construction effect and quality of the U-shaped roof ridge, the present application provides a U-shaped roof ridge module construction method.

[0005] The present application provides a U-shaped ridge module construction method, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] Acceptance of construction raw materials, including keel components, perforated base plates, thermal insulation rock wool, galvanized steel flat plates and waterproofing membranes. The size, curvature, galvanizing quality, surface finish and material composition of the construction raw materials shall be inspected and accepted to ensure that they meet the subsequent construction requirements;

[0007] Pre-assembly, multiple keel components are spliced ​​and assembled into keel units in sequence on a flat surface, the keel components are in strip shape, and the keel components are connected by welding. The keel unit includes an upper chord bracket and a positioning bracket, the upper chord bracket is collinear with the positioning bracket, and the bottom surface of the upper chord bracket is welded to the top surface of the positioning bracket, and the inner side wall of the keel unit is U-shaped; Hoisting, use a crane to lift the multiple keel units to the roof, the multiple keel units are evenly arranged along the length direction of the roof, and the positioning brackets are welded vertically to the main steel frame of the roof in sequence; Patching, weld and install support rods between two adjacent upper chord brackets, and the support rods are perpendicular to the upper chord brackets; Install the perforated bottom plate, connect the perforated bottom plate to the purlins of the roof from the bottom surface of the roof through self-tapping screws, and the size of the perforated bottom plate is compatible with the size of the roof; Install thermal insulation rock wool, lay the thermal insulation rock wool in strips on the top surface of the perforated base plate, and embed and clamp it between the purlins of the roof; Install galvanized steel plates, cover the outer wall of the support rod with the galvanized steel plates, and fix the two ends of the galvanized steel plates to the side walls of the upper chord bracket by self-tapping screws, and the curvature of the galvanized steel plates located on the inner wall of the keel unit is the same as the inner wall of the keel unit; Install waterproof membrane, the waterproof membrane is made of TPO material, cut the waterproof membrane in a flat place to make its size and shape match the galvanized steel plate, lay the cut waterproof membrane on the galvanized steel plate, and hot-melt weld the waterproof membrane to the surface of the roof.

[0008] By adopting the above technical scheme, the construction raw materials are first inspected to ensure the quality of the construction raw materials, especially the size and curvature of the keel assembly are checked to improve the symmetry of the formed ridge and the smoothness of the curve. The keel unit is then assembled and hoisted to complete the installation of the ridge body. Then, the perforated base plate, thermal insulation rock wool, galvanized steel flat plate and waterproof membrane are laid on the keel unit in turn. The perforated base plate is used to seal the roof, the thermal insulation rock wool is used to improve the thermal insulation performance of the roof, the galvanized steel flat plate is used to cover the gap between the keel unit and the support rod to improve the strength of the keel unit, and the waterproof membrane is used to improve the waterproof performance of the roof. In order to ensure the final display effect of the U-shaped ridge, there are strict requirements for the installation accuracy of the keel unit. According to the above steps, the ridge is operated in sequence, which can achieve a firm and precise construction of a U-shaped ridge with a more complex structure.

[0009] Optionally, in the pre-assembly, hoisting and patching steps, the welding quality requirement is a third-level weld without welding defects such as slag inclusions and biting. After welding is completed, the weld is polished and anti-corrosion paint is applied at the weld. The anti-corrosion paint must completely cover the weld and its surrounding areas.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the undercut depth of the third-level weld is required to be less than 1mm, and the spatter at the welding point is polished, which can not only improve the smoothness of the surface of the keel unit, facilitate the subsequent application of anti-corrosion paint, but also reduce the concentrated stress at the connection of each weld point; after polishing, the anti-corrosion paint is evenly applied to the weld surface and its surrounding area, which can slow down the corrosion rate of the keel unit caused by external weather factors, thereby increasing the decorative service life of the keel.

[0011] Optionally, after the pre-assembly step and before the hoisting step, a height verification step is added to verify the height of the assembled keel unit. If there is an error, the height of the support legs of the positioning bracket is adjusted.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the elevation verification step is used to measure and verify the overall assembly height of the keel unit before hoisting, so that the height error is kept within a range that can be ignored by the naked eye. If there is a large error after measurement, the height of the support legs of the positioning bracket is adjusted by filling or cutting, thereby avoiding the incoordination or asymmetry of the keel unit after hoisting is completed, thereby improving the visual effect of the keel unit.

[0013] Optionally, in the hoisting step, the installation height range of the keel unit is 30-55m, the allowable deviation range is ±15mm, and the allowable deviation range of the verticality of the keel unit is ±5mm.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, when hoisting the keel unit, the installation height and verticality values ​​of the keel unit are kept within the allowable deviation range, which is convenient for installation and can make the final visual effect of the keel unit better.

[0015] Optionally, after the hoisting step and before the embedding step, a total station is used to measure the straightness, verticality, installation distance and support leg height difference of the positioning bracket, and repeated verification is performed by cross-measurement by multiple people.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, after the lifting is completed, the various installation parameters of the positioning bracket are measured using a total station, and repeated verification is carried out through cross-measurement by multiple people to ensure the accuracy of the installation parameters of the positioning bracket and reduce the possibility of errors. This can reduce the possibility of subsequent dismantling and rework, thereby improving the stability and efficiency of the overall construction.

[0017] Optionally, in the filling step, when the length of the support rod is less than 2000mm, the allowable deviation range of the horizontality of the support rod is ±2mm; when the length of the support rod is greater than 2000mm, the allowable deviation range of the horizontality of the support rod is ±3mm; the allowable deviation range of the height difference between two adjacent support rods at the same height is ±1mm.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the allowable deviation range of the horizontality of support rods of different lengths during installation, as well as the allowable deviation of the height difference between adjacent support rods, are clarified, which can guide construction workers to carry out construction more clearly to ensure the final visual presentation effect of the roof ridge.

[0019] Optionally, after the patching step and before the perforated base plate installation step, an inspection and acceptance step is added, and a detection instrument is used to perform installation acceptance on the keel unit and the support rod. The detection instrument includes a laser instrument, a ruler, a level meter and a steel ruler. The laser instrument is used to detect the installation height of the keel unit, the ruler is used to detect the verticality of the keel unit, the level meter is used to detect the horizontality of the support rod, and the steel ruler is used to detect the height difference between two adjacent support rods.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, after completing the embedding step, the position of the keel unit and the support rod is scientifically and accurately measured using a detection instrument. Different detection instruments are used for different position parameters to achieve high-precision installation acceptance.

[0021] Optionally, after the step of installing the waterproof membrane, a step of installing a protective aluminum plate is added, in which the protective aluminum plate is laid and installed on the waterproof membrane, and the width of the joints between the plurality of the protective aluminum plates ranges from 2 to 3 mm.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the protective aluminum plate can cover the relatively soft waterproof membrane to protect it from being damaged or corroded by wind and rain. In addition, the protective aluminum plate, as the outermost layer of the roof, has a smooth and colorful outer wall that can play a certain decorative effect, making the visual presentation of the roof smoother and more beautiful.

[0023] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0024] 1. First, inspect and accept the construction raw materials to ensure that the quality of the construction raw materials is qualified, then assemble and hoist the keel unit to complete the installation of the main body of the ridge, and then lay the perforated bottom plate, thermal insulation rock wool, galvanized steel flat plate and waterproof membrane on the keel unit in turn. In order to ensure the final display effect of the U-shaped ridge, there are strict requirements for the installation accuracy of the keel unit. According to the above steps, the ridge is operated in sequence, which can realize the firm and accurate construction of the U-shaped ridge with a more complex structure;

[0025] 2. When hoisting the keel unit, keep the installation height and verticality of the keel unit within the allowable deviation range, which will not only facilitate installation but also make the final visual effect of the keel unit better;

[0026] 3. After the lifting is completed, use a total station to measure the installation parameters of the positioning bracket, and repeat the verification through cross-measurement by multiple people to ensure the accuracy of the installation parameters of the positioning bracket, reduce the possibility of errors, and thus reduce the possibility of subsequent dismantling and rework, thereby improving the stability and efficiency of the overall construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the U-shaped ridge module of an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the keel unit of an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram for completing the lifting steps.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of completing the embedding step.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the steps for completing the installation of thermal insulation rock wool.

[0032] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the steps for completing the installation of waterproof membrane.

[0033] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the steps for completing the installation of the protective aluminum plate.

[0034] Description of reference numerals:

[0035] 1. Keel unit; 11. Upper chord bracket; 12. Positioning bracket; 2. Support rod; 3. Perforated bottom plate; 4. Thermal insulation rock wool; 5. Galvanized steel flat plate; 6. Waterproof membrane; 7. Protective aluminum plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following is combined with Figure 1-7 This application is described in further detail.

[0037] The embodiment of the present application discloses a construction method of a U-shaped ridge module.

[0038] The U-shaped ridge module construction method includes the following steps: S1, acceptance of construction raw materials, refer to Figure 1The construction raw materials are mainly composed of keel components, perforated base plate 3, thermal insulation rock wool 4, galvanized steel flat plate 5 and waterproof membrane 6. The size, curvature, galvanizing quality, surface finish and material composition of the construction raw materials are tested and accepted to ensure that they meet the subsequent construction requirements. The size and curvature of the keel components are checked to ensure that the U-shaped ridge has a relatively good symmetry and smooth curve; the galvanizing quality and surface finish of the galvanized steel flat plate 5 are tested to ensure that the formed ridge has a relatively good corrosion resistance; the material composition of the waterproof membrane 6 is tested to ensure that the formed ridge is not easy to leak.

[0039] S2, pre-assembled, refer to Figure 2 , multiple keel components are sequentially spliced ​​and assembled into a keel unit 1 on a flat surface. In this embodiment, the number of required keel units 1 is three, and the keel components are connected by welding. The keel components are strip-shaped steel materials, and have two types: straight and arc shapes. The keel unit 1 includes two upper chord brackets 11 and a positioning bracket 12. The upper chord bracket 11 is approximately trapezoidal, and the positioning bracket 12 is long and strip-shaped. The bottom surfaces of the two upper chord brackets 11 are welded to the top surface of the positioning bracket 12, and the two upper chord brackets 11 are axially symmetrical about the midpoint of the positioning bracket 12. The bracket 11 and the positioning bracket 12 are collinear, and the opposite sides of the two upper chord brackets 11 are arc-shaped, and arc-shaped keel components are selected for installation. The opposite arc-shaped sides of the two upper chord brackets 11 constitute the inner side of the entire keel unit 1, and are visually U-shaped. Through the prior raw material inspection and acceptance steps, it is ensured that the curvature of the two arc sides is the same and the position is symmetrical during installation; the other parts of the upper chord bracket 11 and the positioning bracket 12 are assembled using straight keel components; a plurality of legs are installed at the bottom of the positioning bracket 12 for the subsequent installation of the keel unit 1.

[0040] S3, elevation verification, the assembly height of the assembled keel unit 1 is measured and verified. If there is a large error compared with the design value, the height of the support feet of the positioning bracket 12 is adjusted by filling or cutting to keep the height error within a range that can be ignored by the naked eye, thereby further avoiding the keel unit 1 from being incoordinated or asymmetrical after the hoisting is completed, thereby improving the visual effect of the keel unit 1.

[0041] S4, hoisting, reference Figure 3, use a crane to lift three keel units 1 to the roof and evenly arrange them along the length of the roof, and fix the keel units 1 by vertically welding the legs of the positioning brackets 12 to the main steel frame of the roof in sequence; the more suitable installation height range of the keel unit 1 is 30-55m, the allowable deviation range is ±15mm, and the allowable deviation range of the verticality of the keel unit 1 is ±5mm. Keeping the installation height and verticality values ​​of the keel unit 1 within the allowable deviation range can facilitate installation and make the final visual effect of the keel unit 1 better.

[0042] S5, calibration of the positioning bracket 12. After the hoisting is completed, use a total station to measure the installation parameters of the positioning bracket 12, such as straightness, verticality, installation distance and height difference of the legs. The total station used must be identified by a precision instrument testing agency and be accompanied by a test report. It must be repeatedly verified through cross-measurement by multiple people to ensure the accuracy of the installation parameters of the positioning bracket 12, reduce the possibility of errors, and further reduce the possibility of subsequent dismantling and rework, thereby improving the stability and efficiency of the overall construction.

[0043] S6, interpolation, reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 , multiple support rods 2 are horizontally welded and installed between two adjacent upper chord brackets 11. The support rods 2 are perpendicular to the adjacent upper chord brackets 11. The support rods 2 can connect multiple keel units 1 into a whole, thereby improving the stability and rigidity of the roof ridge. When the length of the support rod 2 is less than 2000mm, the horizontality of the support rod 2 is allowed to deviate within a range of ±2mm; when the length of the support rod 2 is greater than 2000mm, the horizontality of the support rod 2 is allowed to deviate within a range of ±3mm; the height difference of two adjacent support rods 2 at the same height is allowed to deviate within a range of ±1mm. Support rods 2 of different lengths have clear construction allowable deviation ranges during installation to guide construction personnel to perform construction more clearly, which can further ensure that the U-shaped roof ridge has a good visual presentation effect.

[0044] In the steps of pre-assembly in step S2, hoisting in step S4, and patching in step S6, the requirements for welding quality are that the weld should be of level 3 without welding defects such as slag inclusion and undercut, and the undercut depth of level 3 weld should be less than 1mm. After welding, the steps of weld grinding and anti-corrosion paint application are added to the weld. The spatter at the weld is ground, which can not only improve the surface finish of the keel unit 1 and facilitate the subsequent application of anti-corrosion paint, but also reduce the concentrated stress at the connection of each weld point; after grinding, the anti-corrosion paint is evenly applied to the weld surface and its surrounding area, which can slow down the corrosion rate of the keel unit 1 caused by external weather factors, thereby increasing the decorative service life of the ridge.

[0045] S7, inspection and acceptance, use inspection instruments to carry out installation inspection of the keel unit 1 and the support rod 2. The inspection instruments include a laser instrument, a ruler, a level and a steel ruler. The laser instrument can detect the installation height of the keel unit 1, the ruler can detect the verticality of the keel unit 1, the level instrument can detect the horizontality of the support rod 2, and the steel ruler can detect the height difference between two adjacent support rods 2. By using a variety of instruments to scientifically and accurately measure various installation parameters of the keel unit 1 and the support rod 2, high-precision installation acceptance can be achieved.

[0046] S8, install the perforated bottom plate 3, the perforated bottom plate 3 is used to seal the roof, select the perforated bottom plate 3 with the size matching the size of the roof, and then fix the perforated bottom plate 3 to the purlins of the roof from the bottom surface of the roof through self-tapping screws. During the installation process, avoid squeezing the keel unit 1 by the perforated bottom plate 3. If it is difficult to avoid, the perforated bottom plate 3 needs to be cut to maintain the stability of the keel unit 1.

[0047] S9, install thermal insulation rock wool 4, refer to Figure 5 The thermal insulation rock wool 4 is used to improve the thermal insulation performance of the roof. The thermal insulation rock wool 4 is in the shape of long strips. During installation, the thermal insulation rock wool 4 is embedded and clamped between the purlins of the roof and laid on the top surface of the perforated bottom plate 3, which can achieve good thermal insulation and energy-saving effects.

[0048] S10, install the galvanized steel plate 5, cover and install the galvanized steel plate 5 on the outer wall of the support rod 2, and then fix the two ends of the galvanized steel plate 5 to the side walls of the upper chord bracket 11 by self-tapping screws, which can eliminate the gap between the keel unit 1 and the support rod 2, and improve the anti-corrosion and moisture-proof performance of the U-shaped ridge while also improving the strength of the keel unit 1. When installing the galvanized steel plate 5 on the inner wall of the keel unit 1, bend the galvanized steel plate 5 until it fits with the arc side wall of the upper chord bracket 11 to ensure consistent curvature, and a gap of 5-6mm needs to be retained between two adjacent galvanized steel plates.

[0049] S11, installation of waterproof membrane 6, refer to Figure 6 The waterproof membrane 6 can improve the waterproof performance of the roof. The waterproof membrane 6 is made of TPO material. The waterproof membrane 6 is cut on a flat surface to make its size and shape match the galvanized steel plate 5. The cut waterproof membrane 6 is then laid on the galvanized steel plate 5, and the edge of the waterproof membrane 6 is hot-melt welded to the outer surface of the roof eaves to complete the fixing of the waterproof membrane 6.

[0050] S12, install protective aluminum plate 7, refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7A protective aluminum plate 7 is laid and installed on the waterproof membrane 6. The width of the joints between the multiple protective aluminum plates 7 is in the range of 2-3mm. The protective aluminum plate 7 can cover the relatively soft waterproof membrane 6 to protect it from being damaged or eroded by wind and rain. Protective aluminum plates 7 are also laid on both sides of the eaves. In addition, the protective aluminum plate 7 is the outermost layer of the ridge, and its smooth and colorful outer wall can also play a decorative effect, making the visual presentation of the U-shaped ridge smoother and more beautiful.

[0051] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A U-shaped roof module construction method, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following steps: acceptance of construction raw materials, the construction raw materials comprising keel components, perforated bottom plate (3), thermal insulation rock wool (4), galvanized steel flat plate (5) and waterproof coiled material (6), and testing and acceptance of the size, curvature, galvanizing quality, surface finish and material composition of the construction raw materials to ensure that they meet the subsequent construction requirements; pre-assembly, assembling a plurality of keel components in sequence at a flat surface into a keel unit (1), the keel components being in strip shape, the keel components being connected by welding, the keel unit (1) comprising an upper chord bracket (11) and a positioning bracket (12), the upper chord bracket (11) and the positioning bracket (12) being collinear, and the upper chord bracket (11) and the positioning bracket (12) being collinear. 1) is welded to the top surface of the positioning bracket (12), and the inner side wall of the keel unit (1) is U-shaped; hoisting, using a crane to lift multiple keel units (1) to the roof, multiple keel units (1) are evenly arranged along the length direction of the roof, and the positioning brackets (12) are vertically welded to the main steel frame of the roof in sequence; patching, welding and installing a support rod (2) between two adjacent upper chord brackets (11), the support rod (2) is perpendicular to the upper chord bracket (11); installing a perforated bottom plate (3), connecting the perforated bottom plate (3) to the purlin of the roof from the bottom surface of the roof through self-tapping screws, and the size of the perforated bottom plate (3) is compatible with the size of the roof; Install thermal insulation rock wool (4), lay the thermal insulation rock wool (4) in strips on the top surface of the perforated base plate (3), and embed and clamp it between the purlins of the roof; install a galvanized steel plate (5), cover the galvanized steel plate (5) on the outer wall of the support rod (2), and fix the two ends of the galvanized steel plate (5) on the side wall of the upper chord bracket (11) by self-tapping screws, and the curvature of the galvanized steel plate (5) located on the inner wall of the keel unit (1) is the same as the inner wall of the keel unit (1); install waterproof coiled material (6), the waterproof coiled material (6) is made of TPO material, cut the waterproof coiled material (6) at a flat place so that its size and shape are compatible with the galvanized steel plate (5), lay the cut waterproof coiled material (6) on the galvanized steel plate (5), and hot-melt weld the waterproof coiled material (6) to the surface of the roof.

2. A U-shaped roof module construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the pre-assembly, hoisting and patching steps, the welding quality requirement is a third-level weld with no slag inclusions and no biting. After welding is completed, the weld is polished and anti-corrosion paint is applied at the weld. The anti-corrosion paint must completely cover the weld and its surrounding areas.

3. A U-shaped roof module construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the pre-assembly step and before the hoisting step, a height verification step is added to verify the height of the assembled keel unit (1). If there is an error, the height of the support foot of the positioning bracket (12) is adjusted.

4. A U-shaped roof module construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the hoisting step, the installation height range of the keel unit (1) is 30-55m, the allowable deviation range is ±15mm, and the allowable deviation range of the verticality of the keel unit (1) is ±5mm.

5. A U-shaped roof module construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the hoisting step and before the embedding step, a positioning bracket (12) verification step is added, using a total station to measure the straightness, verticality, installation distance and support leg height difference of the positioning bracket (12), and repeated verification is performed by multi-person cross-measurement.

6. A U-shaped roof module construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the filling step, when the length of the support rod (2) is less than 2000 mm, the allowable deviation range of the horizontality of the support rod (2) is ±2 mm; when the length of the support rod (2) is greater than 2000 mm, the allowable deviation range of the horizontality of the support rod (2) is ±3 mm; the allowable deviation range of the height difference between two adjacent support rods (2) at the same height is ±1 mm.

7. A U-shaped roof module construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the patching step and before the step of installing the perforated base plate (3), a detection and acceptance step is added, and a detection instrument is used to perform installation and acceptance on the keel unit (1) and the support rod (2). The detection instrument includes a laser instrument, a ruler, a level and a steel ruler. The laser instrument is used to detect the installation height of the keel unit (1), the ruler is used to detect the verticality of the keel unit (1), the level is used to detect the horizontality of the support rod (2), and the steel ruler is used to detect the height difference between two adjacent support rods (2).

8. A U-shaped roof module construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the step of installing the waterproof coiled material (6), the step of installing the protective aluminum plate (7) is added, and the protective aluminum plate (7) is laid and installed on the waterproof coiled material (6), and the width of the joints between the plurality of the protective aluminum plates (7) ranges from 2 to 3 mm.

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