A full-face roadheader, its retractable and rotatable horizontal cutting mechanism, and an arched roadway forming method

Abstract

The present invention provides a full-face roadheader, its retractable and rotatable horizontal-axis cutting mechanism, and an arched roadway forming method, belonging to the technical field of cutting instruments. The horizontal-axis cutting mechanism mainly consists of three modules: a lifting mechanism, a telescopic mechanism, and a rotating mechanism. The lifting mechanism mainly consists of a cutting head, a reducer, a motor, a connecting cylinder, a main pin shaft, a lifting oil cylinder, and a lifting oil cylinder pin shaft. The outer telescopic mechanism mainly consists of a telescopic inner cylinder, a front sliding bearing, a rear sliding bearing, a telescopic oil cylinder, and a telescopic oil cylinder pin shaft. The rotating mechanism mainly consists of a rotating oil cylinder, a rotating oil cylinder pin shaft, a rotating outer cylinder, a guiding key, a front thrust bearing, a rear thrust bearing, and a slewing base. On the one hand, the present invention can realize the rotation of the cutting head around the axis of the motor through the rotating mechanism, avoid the linear dimension at the top of the roadway, and form an arched roadway; at the same time, it can also use the outer telescopic mechanism to improve the roadway forming quality and reduce the mobilization of the whole machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of cutting equipment, and specifically discloses a full-rock tunneling machine, a horizontally-axle cutting mechanism with telescopic rotation function thereof, and an arch roadway forming method. Background Art

[0002] The cutting mechanisms of full-rock tunneling machines in coal mines are mainly divided into horizontally-axle cutting mechanisms and vertically-axle cutting mechanisms. Compared with the vertically-axle cutting mechanism, the horizontally-axle cutting mechanism can make full use of the weight of the whole machine when cutting full rock, has good overall stability, can give full play to the cutting capacity with the highest efficiency, and has a fast cutting speed. At the same time, the external spray can efficiently cool the pick, and the pick wear speed is low, with less consumption, which has advantages that the vertically-axle cutting mechanism cannot match. There are reports on the comparison of the cutting capacities of the vertical and horizontal types in the same full-rock roadway in domestic coal mines, and the cutting speed of the horizontally-axle cutting mechanism is 2-4 times that of the vertical one. Therefore, tunneling machines with horizontally-axle cutting mechanisms will be more and more widely used in full-rock roadways.

[0003] However, it is found in the actual cutting of full-rock roadways that due to the characteristics of its own structure, the horizontally-axle cutting mechanism needs to swing left and right to meet the feed requirements when cutting full rock. During the construction of arch roadways, it is required that the cross-section of the top roadway is semi-circular and the roadway has good stability. Due to the space between the two side cutting heads, when the horizontally-axle cutting mechanism swings left and right for cutting, there will be a linear dimension with a distance of more than 1.5 m in the middle of the top of the roadway, and a real arch roadway cannot be formed, and the roadway forming effect is relatively low. It can only be trimmed into an arch roadway by controlling the thickness of the later shotcrete, but this will cause a relatively large thickness of the local shotcrete and increase the construction volume. At the same time, the domestic cutting inner telescopic mechanism has a complex structure and a high failure rate when applied to full-rock roadways. Therefore, the inner telescopic mechanism is less used in tunneling machines for full-rock roadways. However, if the telescopic mechanism can be successfully applied, it can reduce the mobilization of the whole machine, improve the cutting efficiency, and is extremely necessary for improving the shape quality of the formed roadway cross-section. Summary of the Invention

[0004] According to the characteristics of the horizontally-axle cutting mechanism, the invention provides a full-rock tunneling machine and a horizontally-axle cutting mechanism with telescopic rotation function thereof. On the one hand, the cutting head can be rotated around the axis of the motor through the rotation mechanism, which can avoid the linear dimension at the top of the roadway and form an arch roadway. At the same time, the external telescopic mechanism can be used to improve the quality of the formed roadway and reduce the mobilization of the whole machine. Based on the above-mentioned horizontally-axle cutting mechanism, the invention also provides an arch roadway forming method, which can avoid the formation of a linear plane in the middle of the top of the roadway and improve the roadway forming effect.

[0005] The present invention provides a retractable and rotatable horizontal-axis cutting mechanism for a full-rock roadheader, which includes a cutting head, a reducer, a motor, a connection cylinder, a retractable inner cylinder, a retractable oil cylinder, a rotary oil cylinder, a lifting oil cylinder, a slewing base and a rotary outer cylinder; the cutting head, the reducer, the motor and the connection cylinder are connected in sequence; the slewing base is used for rotatably mounting on the roadheader slewing bearing and realizes horizontal slewing through the telescoping of the slewing oil cylinder; the retractable inner cylinder passes through the rotary outer cylinder, can rotate simultaneously with the rotary outer cylinder and can slide axially along the rotary outer cylinder, and the front end is rotatably connected to the rear end of the connection cylinder; the front end of the lifting oil cylinder is rotatably connected to the rear end of the connection cylinder, and the rear end is located inside the retractable inner cylinder and is rotatably connected to the rear end of the retractable inner cylinder, and the lifting oil cylinder is used to realize the up-and-down pitching of the connection cylinder; two retractable oil cylinders are symmetrically arranged outside the rotary outer cylinder, the front end of the retractable oil cylinder is rotatably connected to the retractable inner cylinder, and the rear end is rotatably connected to the rotary outer cylinder, and the retractable oil cylinder is used to realize the telescoping action of the retractable inner cylinder; the circumferential surface of the rotary outer cylinder is rotatably connected to the slewing base; two rotary oil cylinders are symmetrically arranged outside the rotary outer cylinder, the top end of the rotary oil cylinder is rotatably connected to the rotary outer cylinder, and the bottom end is rotatably connected to the slewing base, and the rotary oil cylinder is used to realize the rotation of the rotary outer cylinder around its own central axis.

[0006] Further, an outer cylinder mounting groove is provided on the slewing base, and the rotary outer cylinder is mounted on the outer cylinder mounting groove through a front thrust bearing and a rear thrust bearing; the retractable inner cylinder is connected to the slewing base through a front sliding bearing and a rear sliding bearing.

[0007] Further, the retractable inner cylinder and the rotary outer cylinder realize simultaneous rotation through axially arranged guide keys.

[0008] Further, the front end of the retractable inner cylinder is connected to the rear end of the connection cylinder through a main pin shaft.

[0009] Further, both ends of the lifting oil cylinder are respectively connected to the connection cylinder and the retractable inner cylinder through lifting oil cylinder pin shafts.

[0010] Further, both ends of the retractable oil cylinder are respectively connected to the retractable inner cylinder and the rotary outer cylinder through retractable oil cylinder pin shafts.

[0011] Further, both ends of the rotary oil cylinder are respectively connected to the rotary outer cylinder and the slewing base through rotary oil cylinder pin shafts.

[0012] The present invention provides a full-rock roadheader equipped with the above horizontal-axis cutting mechanism.

[0013] The present invention provides an arch roadway forming method, which uses the above full-rock roadheader for construction. When the cutting head constructs to the middle of the roadway top, the two rotary oil cylinders telescopic, so that the rotary outer cylinder rotates around its own central axis, driving the retractable inner cylinder, the connection cylinder, the motor, the reducer and the cutting head to rotate, and the lifting oil cylinder and the slewing oil cylinder telescopic, so that the cutting head moves up, down, left and right to cut the middle of the roadway top into an arch.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. The present invention creatively integrates the external telescopic mechanism and the rotary mechanism of the roadheader efficiently. With this structure, the full-rock roadheader can solve the problem of being unable to cut arched roadways, greatly improving the adaptability of the full-rock roadheader to roadways;

[0016] 2. The external telescopic mechanism is applied to the rotary part of the roadheader for the first time. The external telescopic mechanism has a simple structure, is easy to maintain, and is more suitable for cutting in full-rock roadways;

[0017] 3. The rotary outer cylinder with a guiding function is slidably connected to the telescopic inner cylinder through a guiding key, which can not only drive the rotation of the telescopic inner cylinder and the cutting head connected in the front, but also ensure the guiding effect when the telescopic inner cylinder extends and retracts;

[0018] 4. The entire telescopic and rotary mechanism has a simple structure, is easy to install, can effectively improve the adaptability of the full-rock roadheader, has a good roadway section forming, operates stably and reliably, has a long service life, and has a broad market application prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0020] Figure 1 It is the front view of the retractable and rotatable cross-axis cutting mechanism for a full-rock roadheader;

[0021] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 the top view of;

[0022] Figure 3 It is the cutting section of the existing cross-axis cutting mechanism in the roadway;

[0023] Figure 4 It is the cutting section of the cross-axis cutting mechanism provided by the present invention in the roadway.

[0024] In the figure: 1. Cutting head; 2. Reducer; 3. Motor; 4. Connecting cylinder; 5. Main pin shaft; 6. Telescopic inner cylinder; 7. Telescopic oil cylinder pin shaft; 8. Telescopic oil cylinder; 9. Rotary oil cylinder pin shaft; 10. Rotary oil cylinder; 11. Lifting oil cylinder pin shaft; 12. Lifting oil cylinder; 13. Rotary seat; 14. Rear sliding bearing; 15. Rear thrust bearing; 16. Rotary outer cylinder; 17. Guiding key; 18. Front thrust bearing; 19. Front sliding bearing; 20. Rotary oil cylinder pin shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] Embodiment 1

[0027] This embodiment provides a horizontally-axis cutting mechanism with telescopic rotation for a full-face roadheader, which mainly consists of three modules: a lifting mechanism, a telescopic mechanism, and a rotating mechanism. The lifting mechanism mainly consists of a cutting head 1, a reducer 2, a motor 3, a connecting cylinder 4, a main pin shaft 5, a lifting oil cylinder 12, and a lifting oil cylinder pin shaft 11. The outer telescopic mechanism mainly consists of a telescopic inner cylinder 6, a front sliding bearing 19, a rear sliding bearing 14, a telescopic oil cylinder 8, and a telescopic oil cylinder pin shaft 7. The rotating mechanism mainly consists of a rotating oil cylinder 10, a rotating oil cylinder pin shaft 9, a rotating outer cylinder 16, a guiding key 17, a front thrust bearing 18, a rear thrust bearing 15, and a slewing base 13.

[0028] The cutting head 1, the reducer 2, the motor 3, and the connecting cylinder 4 are connected in sequence; the slewing base 13 is rotatably installed on the roadheader slewing bearing through bolts and is connected to the slewing oil cylinder through the slewing oil cylinder pin shaft 20, and the horizontal slewing is realized by the telescopic movement of the slewing oil cylinder; the telescopic inner cylinder 6 passes through the rotating outer cylinder 16, can rotate simultaneously with the rotating outer cylinder 16 and can slide axially along the rotating outer cylinder 16, and the front end is rotatably connected to the rear end of the connecting cylinder 4; the front end of the lifting oil cylinder 12 is rotatably connected to the rear end of the connecting cylinder 4, and the rear end is located inside the telescopic inner cylinder 6 and is rotatably connected to the rear end of the telescopic inner cylinder 6. The lifting oil cylinder 12 is used to realize the up and down pitching of the connecting cylinder 4; two telescopic oil cylinders 8 are symmetrically arranged on the outside of the rotating outer cylinder 16. The front end of the telescopic oil cylinder 8 is rotatably connected to the telescopic inner cylinder 6, and the rear end is rotatably connected to the rotating outer cylinder 16. The telescopic oil cylinder 8 is used to realize the telescopic movement of the telescopic inner cylinder 6; the circumferential surface of the rotating outer cylinder 16 is rotatably connected to the slewing base 13; two rotating oil cylinders 10 are symmetrically arranged on the outside of the rotating outer cylinder 16. The top end of the rotating oil cylinder 10 is rotatably connected to the rotating outer cylinder 16, and the bottom end is rotatably connected to the slewing base 13. The rotating oil cylinder 10 is used to realize the rotation of the rotating outer cylinder 16 around its own central axis.

[0029] Further, an outer cylinder installation groove is provided on the slewing base 13, and the rotating outer cylinder 16 is installed on the outer cylinder installation groove through the front thrust bearing 18 and the rear thrust bearing 15; the telescopic inner cylinder 6 is connected to the slewing base 13 through the front sliding bearing 19 and the rear sliding bearing 14.

[0030] Further, the telescopic inner cylinder 6 and the rotating outer cylinder 16 are rotated simultaneously through a guiding key 17 arranged axially.

[0031] Further, the front end of the telescopic inner cylinder 6 is connected to the rear end of the connection cylinder 4 through the main pin shaft 5.

[0032] Further, both ends of the lifting oil cylinder 12 are respectively connected to the connection cylinder 4 and the telescopic inner cylinder 6 through the lifting oil cylinder pin shafts 11.

[0033] Further, both ends of the telescopic oil cylinder 8 are respectively connected to the telescopic inner cylinder 6 and the rotating outer cylinder 16 through the telescopic oil cylinder pin shafts 7.

[0034] Further, both ends of the rotating oil cylinder 10 are respectively connected to the rotating outer cylinder 16 and the slewing base 13 through the rotating oil cylinder pin shafts 9.

[0035] The above cutting mechanism with external telescopic and rotating functions can effectively solve the defect that the cross - axis cutting mechanism cannot cut the arched full - rock roadway. At the same time, the roadway drivage efficiency can be improved through the external telescopic mechanism.

[0036] Embodiment 2

[0037] This embodiment provides a full - rock roadheader equipped with the above - mentioned cross - axis cutting mechanism.

[0038] This embodiment also provides a method for forming an arched roadway. When the cutting head 1 is constructed to the middle of the roadway roof during the construction using the above - mentioned full - rock roadheader, the two rotating oil cylinders 10 expand and contract, causing the rotating outer cylinder 16 to rotate around its own central axis, driving the telescopic inner cylinder 6, the connection cylinder 4, the motor 3, the reducer 2 and the cutting head 1 to rotate. The lifting oil cylinder 12 and the slewing oil cylinder expand and contract, causing the cutting head 1 to move up, down, left and right to cut the middle of the roadway roof into an arch.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A retractable and rotatable horizontal cutting mechanism for a full-face roadheader, comprising a cutting head, a reducer, a motor, a connecting cylinder, a retractable inner cylinder, a retractable oil cylinder, a rotary oil cylinder, a lifting oil cylinder, a slewing base and a rotary outer cylinder; the cutting head, the reducer, the motor and the connecting cylinder are connected in sequence; The slewing base is used for rotatably mounting on the roadheader slewing bearing, and realizes horizontal slewing through the telescopic movement of the slewing oil cylinder; It is characterized in that, The retractable inner cylinder passes through the rotary outer cylinder, can rotate simultaneously with the rotary outer cylinder and can slide axially along the rotary outer cylinder, and the front end is rotatably connected to the rear end of the connecting cylinder; The front end of the lifting oil cylinder is rotatably connected to the rear end of the connecting cylinder, and the rear end is located inside the retractable inner cylinder and is rotatably connected to the rear end of the retractable inner cylinder. The lifting oil cylinder is used to realize the up-and-down pitching of the connecting cylinder; Two retractable oil cylinders are symmetrically arranged outside the rotary outer cylinder. The front end of the retractable oil cylinder is rotatably connected to the retractable inner cylinder, and the rear end is rotatably connected to the rotary outer cylinder. The retractable oil cylinder is used to realize the telescopic movement of the retractable inner cylinder; The circumferential surface of the rotary outer cylinder is rotatably connected to the slewing base; Two rotary oil cylinders are symmetrically arranged outside the rotary outer cylinder. The top end of the rotary oil cylinder is rotatably connected to the rotary outer cylinder, and the bottom end is rotatably connected to the slewing base. The rotary oil cylinder is used to realize the rotation of the rotary outer cylinder around its own central axis.

2. The retractable and rotatable horizontal cutting mechanism for full-face roadheader according to claim 1, characterized in that, An outer cylinder mounting groove is provided on the slewing base, and the rotary outer cylinder is mounted on the outer cylinder mounting groove through a front thrust bearing and a rear thrust bearing; The retractable inner cylinder is connected to the slewing base through a front sliding bearing and a rear sliding bearing.

3. The retractable and rotatable horizontal cutting mechanism for full-face roadheader according to claim 2, characterized in that, Simultaneous rotation between the retractable inner cylinder and the rotary outer cylinder is achieved through axially arranged guide keys.

4. The retractable and rotatable horizontal cutting mechanism for full-face roadheader according to claim 3, characterized in that, The front end of the retractable inner cylinder is connected to the rear end of the connecting cylinder through a main pin shaft.

5. The retractable and rotatable horizontal-axial cutting mechanism for full-face roadheader according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both ends of the lifting oil cylinder are respectively connected to the connecting cylinder and the retractable inner cylinder through lifting oil cylinder pin shafts.

6. The retractable and rotatable horizontal cutting mechanism for full-face roadheader according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both ends of the retractable oil cylinder are respectively connected to the retractable inner cylinder and the rotary outer cylinder through retractable oil cylinder pin shafts.

7. The retractable and rotatable horizontal cutting mechanism for full-face roadheader according to claim 6, characterized in that, Both ends of the rotary oil cylinder are respectively connected to the rotary outer cylinder and the slewing base through rotary oil cylinder pin shafts.

8. A full-face roadheader, characterized in that, Install the horizontal cutting mechanism according to any one of claims 1-7.

9. A method for forming an arched roadway, characterized in that, During the construction of the full-face roadheader using the structure described in claim 8, when the cutting head constructs to the middle of the top of the roadway, the two rotary oil cylinders extend and retract, causing the rotary outer cylinder to rotate around its own central axis, driving the retractable inner cylinder, the connecting cylinder, the motor, the reducer and the cutting head to rotate. The lifting oil cylinder and the slewing oil cylinder extend and retract, causing the cutting head to move up, down, left and right to cut the middle of the top of the roadway into an arch shape.

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