A high-efficiency and safe dust removal system for mines and its operation method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency and safe dust removal system and operation method for mining. The system includes an underground excavation and mining device, an integrated dust removal device, a mine air supply device and a control system. The underground excavation and mining device is provided with an excavation and mining head. The integrated dust removal device includes a dust collection air intake head, an air suction section, a water mist dust removal mixing section, a cyclone separation section, a separation and sewage discharge section and a terminal exhaust pipe. The mine air supply device is provided with an air distribution head and an adjusting wind plate that can adjust the air flow outlet direction. The operation method of the dust removal system of the present invention includes the following steps: S1: start the mine air supply device; S2: start the integrated dust removal device; S3: start the underground excavation and mining device; S4: control and adjust by the control system. The dust removal system of the present invention has the characteristics of high dust removal efficiency, convenient inspection and maintenance, safety and environmental protection. The operation method of the dust removal system can realize the associated control of excavation, air supply and dust removal and exhaust, and realize efficient and safe dust removal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to an efficient and safe mining dust removal system and an operating method utilizing compressed air as power. Background Art

[0002] During operations such as mining, tunnel construction, and ore and coal dressing, large amounts of solid dust are generated. Improper handling of this dust can cause serious environmental pollution and safety hazards. This is particularly true during coal mining, where large amounts of coal dust are involved. Dust, being lightweight, easily becomes airborne, posing serious safety hazards and pollution problems. With economic development, industrial demand for coal energy has increased, and mechanized mining and increased production intensity have led to significantly higher dust concentrations in tunneling areas. While some coal mines have implemented dust control measures, most underground coal mines still experience excessive dust concentrations, leading to increasingly serious dust pollution and safety issues. High dust concentrations can not only lead to explosions, resulting in economic losses and casualties, but also allow small particles to easily reach deep into the respiratory organs of coal miners, increasing their risk of pneumoconiosis. In recent years, coal production has rapidly increased, with mechanization levels significantly increasing. Large amounts of dust are generated during tunneling, mining, and transportation, posing a serious threat to mine safety and the health of coal miners.

[0003] Existing coal mine dust removal methods are mainly divided into two categories: one is a dry dust removal device, which consists of a bag dust collector, a settling chamber, a dust collection device and a dust removal fan. The negative pressure dust removal fan drives the bag dust collector to generate a negative pressure to suck the dust-laden airflow. The advantages are high dust removal rate and good dust removal effect. Its disadvantages are that the bags are easily clogged and have a short service life. At the same time, the equipment is bulky, the installation and construction are cumbersome, and it is not easy to move; the other is a wet dust removal device, which consists of a wet dust removal fan, a water supply device and a slag discharge device. Its advantages are obvious superiority in dust and explosion prevention, and it can remove fine dust. Its disadvantages are large size, difficult layout, poor slag discharge and difficult to control water consumption.

[0004] The above two types of dust removal equipment usually involve safety and explosion-proof issues of dust removal fans and many electrical equipment. In the dust treatment process such as coal mining, there are great safety hazards due to the explosiveness of dust. At the same time, during the use of the above equipment, there are problems such as complex process operation, cumbersome inspection and maintenance, huge processing facilities, and low processing efficiency.

[0005] To this end, the applicant proposed a coal mine dust removal system and dust removal method in invention patent CN202010396438.1, which includes a capture device, a pneumatic suction device, a mist dust removal device, a cyclone separation device, a multiphase diversion device and a dust exhauster connected in sequence. The capture device, the pneumatic suction device, the mist dust removal device, the cyclone separation device and the multiphase diversion device are all tubular structures and the adjacent two devices are connected as one by a flange. The pneumatic suction device is connected to the coal mine ventilation pipe through a retractable hose, the slag outlet of the multiphase diversion device is connected to the coal mine slag discharge system through a retractable pipe, and the mist dust removal device is connected to the coal mine water supply system through a hose. The retractable hose and the hose pipeline are provided with a stop valve. The coal mine dust removal system unit combination design of this patent is reasonable, compact, and has the advantages of low investment, small footprint, low energy consumption, and high dust removal rate. However, it does not have an air supply device and the system structure is not perfect.

[0006] Chinese patent application number CN201822120931.1 proposes a tunnel construction ventilation and dust removal system, including an air supply device located on one side of the tunnel and a dust removal device located on the other side of the tunnel; the air supply device includes an axial flow fan located at the tunnel entrance, an air supply duct located in the tunnel and connected to the axial flow fan at one end, and a diverging air duct connected at one end to the other end of the air supply duct, the diverging air duct being located behind a cantilever tunnel boring machine operating on the tunnel face; a plurality of diverging holes are provided on the diverging air duct so that the fresh air supplied is dispersed behind the cantilever tunnel boring machine to form a wind wall; the dust removal device includes a fan located in the tunnel, a wet dust collector connected to the fan, and a dust suction air duct connected at one end to the wet dust collector, the other end of the dust suction air duct being located flush with the cantilever tunnel boring machine operating on the tunnel face, so that the dust generated during excavation can be sucked into the wet dust collector for treatment. This patent can significantly improve the tunnel construction environment, benefit the health of construction workers, and improve construction efficiency. However, its air supply device cannot adjust the airflow direction according to the spatial shape of the on-site mining face, as well as the mining speed and intensity, and its air supply effect is not ideal. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problems of existing coal mine dust removal equipment, such as complex process operation, cumbersome inspection and maintenance, low processing efficiency, imperfect existing dust removal system, and unsatisfactory system air supply effect. The present invention provides a high-efficiency and safe dust removal system and operation method for mining. The dust removal system has the characteristics of high dust removal efficiency, small size, convenient inspection and maintenance, safety and environmental protection. The dust removal system operation method can link the operation and control of mining, dust removal and air supply devices, thereby realizing efficient and safe dust removal.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above-mentioned purpose is: a high-efficiency and safe dust removal system for mines, including an underground excavation and mining device, an integrated dust removal device, a mine air supply device and a control system.

[0009] The underground excavation and mining device is connected to an integrated dust removal device, and the underground excavation and mining device is provided with an excavation and mining head;

[0010] The integrated dust removal device includes a dust collection and air intake head, an air suction section, a water mist dust removal and mixing section, a cyclone separation section, a separation and sewage discharge section, and a terminal exhaust pipe connected in sequence. The dust collection and air intake head is located behind the excavation and mining head and is composed of a mesh shell.

[0011] The mine air supply device is located above the integrated dust removal device, and the mine air supply device includes an air distribution box, one end of the air distribution box is connected to a compressed air intake pipe, and the compressed air intake pipe is provided with an air intake regulating valve and an air intake flow sensor, and the other end of the air distribution box is provided with an air regulating plate, and the air regulating plate is located at one end of the excavation working face, and a cover plate is installed at the upper end of the air distribution box, and adjustable air distribution heads are installed on the air distribution box and the cover plate through a sealing ring, and the adjustable air distribution heads are distributed at intervals, and a channel through which the upper and lower parts are opened on the adjustable air distribution head, the lower end of the channel is an air inlet, and the upper end of the channel is an air outlet, the air inlet is located inside the air distribution box, and the air outlet is located outside the air distribution box, and the air distribution box is also provided with an adjustment control unit, and the adjustment control unit is electrically connected to the air intake regulating valve, the air intake flow sensor and the adjustment plate;

[0012] The control system is electrically connected to the regulating control units of the underground excavation and mining device, the integrated dust removal device and the mine air supply device respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, the adjustable air distribution head is a spherical structure.

[0014] Furthermore, the bleed air suction section includes a bleed air suction shell, on which a plurality of Venturi nozzles are installed, the nozzles of the Venturi nozzles extend deep into the interior of the shell and face rearward, and form a certain inclination angle with the central axis of the bleed air suction shell, and the plurality of Venturi nozzles are connected to the compressed air intake pipe through the air intake distribution box, and the compressed air intake pipe is sequentially provided with an intake regulating valve, an intake flow sensor and an intake pressure sensor, and the intake regulating valve, intake flow sensor and intake pressure sensor are respectively electrically connected to the control system.

[0015] Furthermore, the water mist dust removal mixing section includes a water mist dust removal shell, a directional atomizing nozzle is annularly installed on the water mist dust removal shell, and an atomizing nozzle is installed inside the water mist dust removal shell. The directional atomizing nozzle and the atomizing nozzle are both connected to the atomizing water pipeline, and the atomizing water pipeline is provided with an atomizing water regulating valve, a flow sensor and a pressure sensor. The atomizing water regulating valve, flow sensor and pressure sensor are respectively electrically connected to the control system.

[0016] Furthermore, the cyclone separation section includes a cyclone separation shell, which has a conical structure. The small end of the cyclone separation shell is connected to the water mist dust removal mixing section, and the large end of the cyclone separation shell is connected to the separation and sewage discharge section. A diversion and cyclone cone is provided on the central axis of the cyclone separation shell. The head of the diversion and cyclone cone is a cone or streamlined diversion structure, the middle of the diversion and cyclone cone is a spiral structure, and the tail of the diversion and cyclone cone is a streamlined or spherical structure.

[0017] Furthermore, the separation and sewage discharge section includes a separation and sewage discharge shell, which has a conical structure. The small end of the separation and sewage discharge shell is connected to the cyclone separation section, and the large end of the separation and sewage discharge shell is connected to the terminal exhaust pipe. A concentric guide conical separation cylinder is arranged in the separation and sewage discharge shell, and a plurality of grooves are evenly distributed in the axial direction of the separation cylinder. A deflection plate is arranged inside the separation cylinder in an axially parallel or angled manner, and the deflection plate is arranged between two adjacent rows of grooves. Sewage collecting troughs are arranged on both sides of the bottom of the separation and sewage discharge shell, and the sewage collecting troughs are connected to the sewage pipe. A sewage pump is arranged on the sewage pipe, and the sewage pump is a pneumatic or hydraulic sewage pump.

[0018] Furthermore, the terminal exhaust pipe includes a terminal exhaust pipe shell, which has a conical structure. The small end of the terminal exhaust pipe shell is connected to the separation and sewage discharge section, and the large end of the terminal exhaust pipe shell is connected to the purified gas exhaust pipe. An exhaust valve is provided on the purified gas exhaust pipe.

[0019] Furthermore, the underground tunneling and mining device is provided with a tunneling arm, a tunneling and mining head is provided at the front end of the tunneling arm, a tunneling and mining control unit is provided in the tunneling arm, the tunneling and mining control unit is electrically connected to the control system, and a traveling crawler is also provided at the lower part of the underground tunneling and mining device.

[0020] A method for operating a high-efficiency and safe dust removal system for mining comprises the following steps:

[0021] S1: Start the mine air supply device: fresh air supply is carried out. Part of the air in the air distribution box is blown out from the air regulating plate at the front end of the box, and the other part of the air is blown out from the air outlet of the air distribution head. The direction of the air regulating plate and the air outlet of the air distribution head are adjusted according to the spatial shape of the on-site mining face;

[0022] S2: Start the integrated dust removal device: set the corresponding air extraction volume and atomization dust removal water supply volume, open the compressed air inlet regulating valve, atomization water regulating valve and sewage pump compressed air valve, so that the relevant gas flow, dust volume and fresh air supply volume match;

[0023] S3: Start the underground excavation and mining device: The excavation and mining head starts working, and the excavation speed and intensity are controlled by the excavation and mining control unit. The dust generated during the excavation and mining process enters the integrated dust removal device;

[0024] S4: Control and adjustment of the control system: According to the mining speed and intensity, the matching air supply flow is set by adjusting the air plate, air intake regulating valve and air intake flow sensor, so that a stable air supply and suction and exhaust balance is formed between the mine air supply device and the integrated dust removal device, so that the excavation mining, air supply and dust removal, exhaust and sewage discharge are matched.

[0025] Furthermore, in step S3, the dust generated during the excavation and mining process enters the integrated dust removal device, and the high-speed rotating airflow carrying water mist and dust particles from the front section of the dust removal device collides with the deflection plate on the conical separation cylinder to intercept the flow. Under the action of centrifugal force, the water droplets and dust mixture are separated from the air, and pass through multiple narrow grooves. After hitting the shell, they are collected in the sewage collection tank under the action of gravity and discharged through the sewage pump. The separated clean gas is discharged through the terminal exhaust pipe.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] (1) The integrated dust removal device of the mine-used efficient and safe dust removal system of the present invention removes dust through multi-tube Venturi air intake, cyclone water mist capture and enhanced centrifugal separation components, which can improve the dust removal and separation effect and reliability of the equipment. The mine air supply device has an adjustable air supply structure, which can adjust the air outlet direction of the regulating air plate and the air distribution head according to the mining speed and intensity, so as to better block the dust from entering the rear tunnel and allow it to enter the dust removal device. The air distribution head adopts a spherical structure, which makes its adjustment more flexible and convenient. The air supply gas flow is controlled by adjusting the air plate, the air inlet regulating valve and the flow sensor, so as to better achieve the matching of air supply and dust removal exhaust. The overall device has the characteristics of high dust removal efficiency, small size, convenient inspection and maintenance, safety and environmental protection.

[0028] (2) The air entrainment and suction section of the efficient and safe dust removal system for mines of the present invention adopts a multi-tube Venturi nozzle structure, which can meet the requirements for handling large amounts of dust during coal mining and achieve high vacuum and large volume suction effects of large-diameter dust removal devices.

[0029] (3) The water mist dust removal mixing section of the efficient and safe dust removal system for mines of the present invention achieves a multi-dimensional uniform dispersion effect of the liquid in large-volume and large-caliber equipment through high-turbulence mixing of the exhaust gas by the internal and external combined atomizing nozzles and the front-end Venturi nozzle, thereby improving the dust capture and removal efficiency.

[0030] (4) The diversion and swirl cone of the swirl separation section of the efficient and safe dust removal system for mining of the present invention has a cone or streamlined diversion structure at the head, a spiral structure in the middle, and a streamlined or spherical structure at the tail. This structural component can achieve the diversion and swirl effect of the airflow after the front-end mixing and capture, so that the airflow produces a strong swirl centrifugal effect, and throws the water mist and the captured dust mixture onto the shell, achieving the triple effects of diversion, swirl centrifugal and preliminary separation.

[0031] (5) The operating method of the efficient and safe dust removal system for mining of the present invention can carry out correlation positioning control on the air supply direction, the position of the air distribution box, the position of the tunneling mining head and the position of the dust removal device collecting air intake head through the control system, so as to achieve the best dust removal effect during the mining process. The tunneling mining speed, the dust removal exhaust flow, the dust removal water mist volume, the fresh air supply volume and the sewage discharge volume can be correlated and controlled to achieve matching during the operation process. The relevant flow rates can also be flexibly controlled separately, and the matching control of the relevant quantities can be achieved by manually setting the operation, thereby achieving efficient and safe dust removal. The system can be widely used in various mining and mineral processing production processes, and is particularly suitable for coal mining and processing processes with high safety and environmental protection requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the efficient and safe dust removal system for mining of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a top view of the efficient and safe dust removal system for mining of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the air supply device of the mine-used efficient and safe dust removal system of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1. Excavation head, 2. Excavation control unit, 3. Dust collection air intake head, 4. Bleed air suction housing, 5. Air distribution box, 6. Venturi nozzle, 7. Air intake regulating valve, 8. Air intake flow sensor, 9. Air intake pressure sensor, 10. Compressed air intake pipe, 11. Water mist dust removal housing, 12. Directional atomizing nozzle, 13. Atomizing nozzle, 14. Atomizing water regulating valve, 15. Flow sensor, 16. Pressure sensor, 17. Atomizing water pipeline, 18. Cyclone separation housing, 19. Diverter and swirl cone tail, 20. Diverter and swirl cone head, 21. Diverter and swirl cone, 22. Diverter and swirl cone Middle part, 23. First sewage pump, 24. First sewage pipe, 25. First sewage collecting tank, 26. Separation sewage housing, 27. Separation cylinder, 28. Groove, 29. Baffle, 30. Second sewage collecting tank, 31. Second sewage pipe, 32. Second sewage pump, 33. Terminal exhaust pipe housing, 34. Exhaust valve, 35. Purified gas exhaust pipe, 36. Air distribution box, 37. Air inlet, 38. Cover, 39. Sealing ring, 40. Air outlet, 41. Sphere, 42. Adjustable air distribution head, 43. Bolt, 44. Adjustment air plate, 45. Air inlet regulating valve, 46. Air inlet flow sensor, 47. Compressed air inlet pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0037] like Figure 1 The illustrated embodiment shows a high-efficiency and safe dust removal system for mining, comprising an underground tunneling and mining device MIM, an integrated dust removal device DRE, a mine air supply device ADI and a control system CS.

[0038] A traveling crawler is provided at the lower part of the underground tunneling and mining device MIM, a tunneling arm is provided at the front end of the underground tunneling and mining device MIM, a tunneling and mining head 1 is provided at the front end of the tunneling arm, and a tunneling and mining control unit 2 is provided in the tunneling arm. The tunneling and mining control unit 2 is electrically connected to the control system CS. The tunneling speed and intensity can be controlled by the tunneling and mining control unit 2 to achieve matching of tunneling, air supply and dust removal and exhaust.

[0039] The rear end of the underground tunneling and mining device MIM is connected to the integrated dust removal device DRE. The integrated dust removal device DRE includes a dust collection air intake head A, an air suction section B, a water mist dust removal mixing section C, a cyclone separation section D, a separation and sewage discharge section E and a terminal exhaust pipe F connected in sequence. The dust collection air intake head A3 is located behind the tunneling and mining head 1. The dust collection air intake head A3 is a spherical, square or ellipsoidal porous mesh component shell structure.

[0040] The bleed air suction section B includes a bleed air suction shell 4, which is a cylindrical shell with a circular, square or polygonal cross-section. A plurality of venturi nozzles 6 are arranged in the bleed air suction shell 4. The nozzles of the venturi nozzles 6 extend deep into the shell and face rearward, and form a certain inclination angle with the central axis of the bleed air suction shell. The plurality of venturi nozzles 6 are connected to the compressed air intake pipe 10 through the air intake distribution box 5. A certain negative pressure is generated by the jet of the nozzles, thereby sucking the dust into the bleed air suction shell 4. The air intake distribution box 5 is an annular structure. It is sleeved on the bleed air suction shell 4 and integrated with the bleed air suction shell 4. The inner cavity of the air intake distribution box 5 The wall is connected to the corresponding opening of the Venturi nozzle 6, and the outer cavity wall is connected to the compressed air intake pipe 10. The compressed air intake pipe 10 is sequentially provided with an intake regulating valve 7, an intake flow sensor 8 and an intake pressure sensor 9. The intake regulating valve 7, the intake flow sensor 8 and the intake pressure sensor 9 are electrically connected to the control system CS respectively. The use of this suction section structure can achieve a good uniform distribution of compressed air, and also better achieve the suction and superimposed composite air entrainment effect. This multi-tube Venturi nozzle structure can meet the requirements of handling a large amount of dust in the coal mining process, and realize the high vacuum and large volume suction effect of the large-diameter dust removal device.

[0041] The water mist dust removal mixing section C includes a water mist dust removal housing 11, which is a cylindrical housing with a circular, square or polygonal cross-section. A directional atomizing nozzle 12 is annularly installed on the water mist dust removal housing 11. The directional atomizing nozzle 12 is a directional nozzle structure with a certain diffusion angle. An atomizing nozzle 13 is installed at the central axis position inside the water mist dust removal housing 11. The atomizing nozzle 13 is a spherical or spherical-like 360° nozzle structure without dead angles. The directional atomizing nozzle 12 and the atomizing nozzle 13 can be in the form of pure liquid atomization or gas-liquid atomization. In the atomization form, the directional atomizing nozzle 12 and the atomizing nozzle 13 are both connected to the atomizing water pipeline 17. The atomizing water regulating valve 14, the flow sensor 15 and the pressure sensor 16 are provided on the atomizing water pipeline 17. The atomizing water regulating valve 14, the flow sensor 15 and the pressure sensor 16 are electrically connected to the control system CS respectively. The use of this internal and external combined atomizing nozzle and the high turbulent mixing of the mixed exhaust gas with the front-end Venturi nozzle realizes the multi-dimensional uniform dispersion effect of the liquid in the large-volume and large-caliber equipment, thereby improving the dust capture and removal efficiency.

[0042] The cyclone separation section D includes a cyclone separation shell 18, which is a conical shell with a circular, square or polygonal cross-section. The small end of the cyclone separation shell 18 is connected to the water mist dust removal mixing section C, and the large end of the cyclone separation shell 18 is connected to the separation and sewage discharge section E. A diversion and swirl cone 21 is provided on the central axis of the cyclone separation shell 18. The head 20 of the diversion and swirl cone is a cone or streamlined diversion structure, the middle part 22 of the diversion and swirl cone is a spiral structure, and the tail 19 of the diversion and swirl cone is a streamlined or spherical structure. The use of this structural component can realize the diversion and swirl effect of the airflow after front-end mixing and capture, so that the airflow produces a strong swirl centrifugal effect, and throws the water mist and captured dust mixture onto the shell, realizing the triple effects of diversion, swirl centrifugal and preliminary separation.

[0043] The separation and discharge section E includes a separation and discharge housing 26, which is a conical cylindrical shell with a circular, square or polygonal cross-section. The small end of the separation and discharge housing 26 is connected to the cyclone separation section D, and the large end of the separation and discharge housing 26 is connected to the terminal exhaust pipe F. A concentric guide cone separation cylinder 27 is provided in the separation and discharge housing 26. The separation cylinder 27 is evenly distributed with multiple grooves 28 in the axial direction. A baffle 29 is provided inside the separation cylinder 27 in parallel with the axial direction or with a certain angle. The baffle 29 is provided between two adjacent rows of grooves 28. The bottom of the separation and discharge housing 26 is provided with a baffle 29. V-shaped double low-point sewage collecting tanks are provided on both sides, and the sewage collecting tanks include a first sewage collecting tank 25 and a second sewage collecting tank 30. The first sewage collecting tank 25 is connected to the first sewage pipe 24, and the first sewage pipe 24 is provided with a first sewage pump 23. The second sewage collecting tank 30 is connected to the second sewage pipe 31, and the second sewage pipe 31 is provided with a second sewage pump 32. The first sewage pump 23 and the second sewage pump 32 are pneumatic or hydraulic sewage pumps, which are driven by compressed air or hydraulic control. The use of pneumatic or hydraulic sewage pumps reduces the number of electrical equipment components and improves the safety of the equipment.

[0044] The terminal exhaust pipe F includes a terminal exhaust pipe shell 33, which is a cylinder or cone with a circular, square or polygonal cross-section. The small end of the terminal exhaust pipe shell 33 penetrates into the separation cylinder 27, and the terminal exhaust pipe shell 33 is sealed and fixed to the separation sewage discharge shell 26. The large end of the terminal exhaust pipe shell 33 is connected to the purified gas exhaust pipe 35, and an exhaust valve 34 is provided on the purified gas exhaust pipe 35. The high-speed rotating flow airflow carrying water mist and dust particles from the front section collides with the deflector 29 on the conical separation cylinder 27 to be intercepted. Under the action of centrifugal force, the water droplets and dust mixture are separated from the air, and pass through multiple narrow grooves 28. After hitting the shell, they are collected in the V-shaped double low-point sewage collection tank under the action of gravity, and finally discharged through the sewage pump. The separated clean gas is discharged through the terminal exhaust pipe F and enters the purified gas exhaust pipe 35 at the back.

[0045] The mine air supply device ADI is located above the integrated dust removal device DRE. The mine air supply device ADI includes an air distribution box 36. One end of the air distribution box 36 is connected to a compressed air intake pipe 47. The compressed air intake pipe 47 is provided with an air intake regulating valve 45 and an air intake flow sensor 46. The other end of the air distribution box 36 is provided with an adjusting air plate 44. The adjusting air plate 44 is located at one end of the excavation working face. The adjusting air plate 44 is a shutter structure. A cover plate 38 is installed on the upper end of the air distribution box 36. An adjustable air distribution head 42 is installed on the air distribution box 36 and the cover plate 38 through a sealing ring 39. The sealing ring 39 has a lubrication function. The adjustable air distribution heads 42 are distributed at intervals, and the adjustable air distribution heads 42 are opened in the middle. The sphere 41 of the hole has an air inlet 37 at the lower end of the hole and an air outlet 40 at the upper end of the hole. The air inlet 37 is located inside the air distribution box 36 and the air outlet 40 is located outside the air distribution box 36. The air distribution head 42 adopts a spherical structure, which makes its adjustment more flexible and convenient. The air distribution box 36 is also provided with an adjustment control unit, which is electrically connected to the air inlet adjustment valve 45, the air inlet flow sensor 46, the adjustment air plate 44 and the control system CS respectively. This adjustable structure air supply equipment can control the direction of the compressed air outlet flow by adjusting the direction of the air distribution head outlet, and control the air supply gas flow through the front end adjustment air plate 44, the air inlet adjustment valve 45 and the air inlet flow sensor 46, thereby achieving the matching of air supply and dust removal exhaust.

[0046] The present invention provides a high-efficiency and safe dust removal system for mining, and the device is operated through the control system CS operation interface. The operation method includes the following steps:

[0047] S1: Start the mine air supply device ADI: Fresh air supply is provided. Part of the air in the air distribution box 36 is blown out through the air regulating plate 44 at the front end of the box, and the other part of the air is blown out through the air distribution head outlet 40. The direction of the air regulating plate 44 and the air distribution head 42 outlet is adjusted according to the spatial shape of the mining face on site;

[0048] S2: Start the integrated dust removal device DRE: set the corresponding air extraction volume and atomization dust removal water supply volume, open the compressed air inlet regulating valve 7, the atomization water regulating valve 14 and the compressed air valve of the sewage pump, so that the relevant gas flow, dust volume and fresh air supply volume match;

[0049] S3: Start the underground mining device MIM: The mining head 1 starts working, and the mining speed and intensity are controlled by the mining control unit 2. The dust generated during the mining process enters the integrated dust removal device DRE. The high-speed rotating airflow carrying water mist and dust particles from the front section collides with the baffles 29 on the conical separation cylinder 27 and is intercepted. Under the action of centrifugal force, the water droplets and dust mixture are separated from the air and pass through multiple narrow grooves 28. After hitting the shell, they are collected into the V-shaped double low-point sump under the action of gravity and finally discharged through the sewage pump. The separated clean gas is discharged through the terminal exhaust pipe F and enters the purified gas exhaust pipe 35 at the back;

[0050] S4: Control and adjustment by the control system: According to the mining speed and intensity, the matching air supply flow is set by adjusting the air plate 44, the air intake regulating valve 45 and the air intake flow sensor 46, so that a stable air supply and suction and exhaust balance is formed between the mine air supply device ADI and the integrated dust removal device DRE, so that the excavation mining, air supply and dust removal, exhaust and sewage discharge are matched.

[0051] The integrated dust removal device of the efficient and safe dust removal system for mines of the present invention removes dust through multi-tube Venturi air induction, cyclone water mist capture and enhanced centrifugal separation components, which can improve the dust removal and separation effect and reliability of the equipment. The mine air supply device has an adjustable air supply structure, which can adjust the air outlet direction of the air distribution head according to the mining speed and intensity, and then adjust the outlet direction of the compressed air, which can better block the dust from entering the rear tunnel and allow it to enter the dust removal device. The air supply gas flow is controlled by the front-end adjusting wind plate, the air inlet regulating valve and the flow sensor, so as to better achieve the matching of air supply and dust removal exhaust. The overall device has the characteristics of high dust removal efficiency, small size, convenient inspection and maintenance, safety and environmental protection.

[0052] The operating method of the efficient and safe dust removal system for mining of the present invention can perform correlated positioning control on the air supply direction, the position of the air distribution box, the position of the tunneling mining head and the position of the dust removal device collection air intake head through the control system, so as to achieve the best dust removal effect during the mining process, and can perform correlated operation control on the tunneling mining speed, the dust removal exhaust flow, the dust removal water mist volume, the fresh air supply volume and the sewage discharge volume to achieve matching during the operation process, and can also flexibly control the relevant flow rates separately, and manually set the operation to achieve matching control of the relevant quantities, thereby achieving efficient and safe dust removal. The system can be widely used in various mining and mineral processing production processes, and is particularly suitable for coal mining and processing processes with high safety and environmental protection requirements.

[0053] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with the preferred technical solution, and the specific implementation of the invention cannot be limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, simple deductions and substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency and safe dust removal system for mining, characterized by: It includes underground excavation and mining equipment, integrated dust removal equipment, mine air supply equipment and control system. The underground excavation and mining device is connected to an integrated dust removal device, and the underground excavation and mining device is provided with an excavation and mining head; The integrated dust removal device includes a dust collection air intake head, an air intake suction section, a water mist dust removal mixing section, a cyclone separation section, a separation and sewage discharge section and a terminal exhaust pipe connected in sequence. The dust collection air intake head is located behind the tunneling mining head, and the dust collection air intake head is composed of a mesh shell; the air intake section includes an air intake suction shell, and a plurality of venturi nozzles are installed on the air intake suction shell. The nozzles of the venturi nozzles extend deep into the shell and face rearward, and form a certain inclination angle with the central axis of the air intake shell. The plurality of venturi nozzles are connected to the compressed air intake pipe through an air intake distribution box. The compressed air intake pipe is sequentially provided with an air intake regulating valve, an air intake flow sensor and an air intake pressure sensor. The air intake regulating valve, the air intake flow sensor and the air intake pressure sensor are respectively electrically connected to the control system; The mine air supply device is located above the integrated dust removal device, and the mine air supply device includes an air distribution box, one end of the air distribution box is connected to a compressed air intake pipe, and an air intake regulating valve and an air intake flow sensor are provided on the compressed air intake pipe, and an air regulating plate is provided at the other end of the air distribution box, and the air regulating plate is located at one end of the excavation working face, and a cover plate is installed at the upper end of the air distribution box, and adjustable air distribution heads are installed on the air distribution box and the cover plate through a sealing ring, and the adjustable air distribution heads are distributed at intervals, and the adjustable air distribution heads are spherical structures, and a channel through which the upper and lower parts are opened on the adjustable air distribution head, the lower end of the channel is an air inlet, and the upper end of the channel is an air outlet, the air inlet is located inside the air distribution box, and the air outlet is located outside the air distribution box, and the air distribution box is also provided with an adjustment control unit, and the adjustment control unit is electrically connected to the air intake regulating valve, the air intake flow sensor and the adjustment plate; The control system is electrically connected to the regulating control units of the underground excavation and mining device, the integrated dust removal device and the mine air supply device respectively.

2. The efficient and safe dust removal system for mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water mist dust removal mixing section includes a water mist dust removal shell, a directional atomizing nozzle is annularly installed on the water mist dust removal shell, and an atomizing nozzle is installed in the water mist dust removal shell. The directional atomizing nozzle and the atomizing nozzle are both connected to the atomizing water pipeline, and the atomizing water pipeline is provided with an atomizing water regulating valve, a flow sensor and a pressure sensor. The atomizing water regulating valve, the flow sensor and the pressure sensor are respectively electrically connected to the control system.

3. The efficient and safe dust removal system for mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cyclone separation section includes a cyclone separation shell, which has a conical structure. The small end of the cyclone separation shell is connected to the water mist dust removal mixing section, and the large end of the cyclone separation shell is connected to the separation and sewage discharge section. A diversion and cyclone cone is provided on the central axis of the cyclone separation shell. The head of the diversion and cyclone cone is a cone or streamlined diversion structure, the middle of the diversion and cyclone cone is a spiral structure, and the tail of the diversion and cyclone cone is a streamlined or spherical structure.

4. The efficient and safe dust removal system for mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation and sewage discharge section includes a separation and sewage discharge shell, which has a conical structure. The small end of the separation and sewage discharge shell is connected to the cyclone separation section, and the large end of the separation and sewage discharge shell is connected to the terminal exhaust pipe. A concentric guide conical separation cylinder is arranged in the separation and sewage discharge shell, and a plurality of grooves are evenly distributed in the axial direction of the separation cylinder. A deflection plate is arranged inside the separation cylinder in parallel with the axial direction or at a certain angle. The deflection plate is arranged between two adjacent rows of grooves. Sewage collecting troughs are arranged on both sides of the bottom of the separation and sewage discharge shell, and the sewage collecting troughs are connected to the sewage pipe. A sewage pump is arranged on the sewage pipe, and the sewage pump is a pneumatic or hydraulic sewage pump.

5. The efficient and safe dust removal system for mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The terminal exhaust pipe includes a terminal exhaust pipe shell, which has a conical structure. The small end of the terminal exhaust pipe shell is connected to the separation and sewage discharge section, and the large end of the terminal exhaust pipe shell is connected to the purified gas exhaust pipe. An exhaust valve is provided on the purified gas exhaust pipe.

6. The efficient and safe dust removal system for mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The underground tunneling and mining device is provided with a tunneling arm, a tunneling and mining head is provided at the front end of the tunneling arm, a tunneling and mining control unit is provided in the tunneling arm, and the tunneling and mining control unit is electrically connected to the control system. The lower part of the underground tunneling and mining device is also provided with a traveling crawler.

7. An operating method for a mine-use efficient and safe dust removal system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Start the mine air supply device: fresh air supply is carried out. Part of the air in the air distribution box is blown out from the air regulating plate at the front end of the box, and the other part of the air is blown out from the air outlet of the air distribution head. The direction of the air regulating plate and the air outlet of the air distribution head are adjusted according to the spatial shape of the on-site mining face; S2: Start the integrated dust removal device: set the corresponding air extraction volume and atomization dust removal water supply volume, open the compressed air inlet regulating valve, atomization water regulating valve and sewage pump compressed air valve, so that the relevant gas flow, dust volume and fresh air supply volume match; S3: Start the underground excavation and mining device: The excavation and mining head starts working, and the excavation speed and intensity are controlled by the excavation and mining control unit. The dust generated during the excavation and mining process enters the integrated dust removal device; S4: Control and adjustment of the control system: According to the mining speed and intensity, the matching air supply flow is set by adjusting the air plate, air intake regulating valve and air intake flow sensor, so that a stable air supply and suction and exhaust balance is formed between the mine air supply device and the integrated dust removal device, so that the excavation mining, air supply and dust removal, exhaust and sewage discharge are matched.

8. The method for operating a high-efficiency and safe dust removal system for mining according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S3, the dust generated during the excavation and mining process enters the integrated dust removal device, and the high-speed rotating airflow carrying water mist and dust particles from the front section of the dust removal device collides with the deflection plate on the conical separation cylinder to be intercepted. Under the action of centrifugal force, the water droplets and dust mixture are separated from the air, and pass through multiple narrow grooves. After hitting the shell, they are collected in the sewage collection tank under the action of gravity and discharged through the sewage pump. The separated clean gas is discharged through the terminal exhaust pipe.

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