A control method for the rebound rate of tunnel concrete spraying and a wet spraying system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a control method for the rebound rate of tunnel concrete spraying and a wet spraying system. The control method includes receiving the data of the inner contour after tunnel excavation and the inner contour after wet spraying obtained in advance, and calculating the concrete spraying adhesion amount; receiving the data transmitted back by the main cylinder pressure sensor of the intelligent wet spraying machine in advance and calculating the actual concrete spraying amount through the concrete pump volume; calculating the concrete rebound rate through the actual concrete spraying amount and the concrete spraying adhesion amount, and forming a wet spraying plan in combination with the concrete mix ratio transmitted back by the concrete mixing plant in advance; optimizing the wet spraying plan; and sending the optimized wet spraying plan and the predicted concrete usage amount to the intelligent wet spraying machine and the concrete mixing plant on site for adjustment. The present invention can calculate the minimum rebound rate and optimize the wet spraying plan, and send the wet spraying plan to the on-site concrete mixing plant and the intelligent wet spraying machine for adjustment together.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for controlling the rebound rate of tunnel concrete spraying and a wet spraying system, belonging to the technical field of tunnel construction. Background Art

[0002] In the tunneling construction of underground projects such as tunnels or roadways, shotcrete support is indispensable. At present, concrete spraying techniques mainly include dry spraying and wet spraying. Dry spraying is to mix cement, sand and gravel aggregates and a quick-setting agent in a certain proportion, put them into a wet spraying machine, and then use compressed air to spray the mixture at high speed onto the working surface; wet spraying is to pre-mix cement, sand and gravel aggregates and admixtures according to a certain water-cement ratio, and then use compressed air to transport them to the nozzle to be mixed with the quick-setting agent. Compared with the dry spraying technique, the wet spraying of concrete greatly reduces the rebound rate and dust pollution during the concrete spraying process during wet spraying construction, can obtain better construction quality, and improve the construction environment. However, the wet spraying equipment and process are relatively complex and require special equipment. Foreign countries basically adopt the wet spraying technique for shotcrete, and domestic also gradually adopts the wet spraying technique to replace the dry spraying technique.

[0003] The wet spraying technique has obvious advantages, but concrete rebound will inevitably occur during spraying construction, which causes three problems: First, since the rebound material is difficult to reuse, the loss and cleaning of the rebound material will greatly increase the construction cost; second, the rebound material will also increase the dust concentration in the air, which is not conducive to the physical health of construction workers; third, the main component of the rebound material is coarse aggregate, and the loss of coarse aggregate is approximately equivalent to increasing the amount of cementitious material and sand ratio in the shotcrete, increasing the risk of shrinkage cracking of the shotcrete and being unfavorable to its durability. The concrete spraying rebound rate is related to the distance and angle between the nozzle of the wet spraying machine and the tunnel wall surface, the concrete spraying rate, the concrete mix ratio, and the addition amount of the quick-setting agent. During the construction process of the wet spraying machine, flexibly adjusting the construction process and avoiding blind construction can reduce concrete rebound.

[0004] The existing detection methods for the rebound rate of tunnel concrete spraying mainly use manual detection methods. For example, Chinese Patent No. 201510079858.6 proposes a method for measuring the wet spraying rebound rate of primary lining concrete in tunnel construction, which specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Sampling; conducting wet shotcrete tests; randomly sampling the shotcrete; the sampling types are three types of samples: ejected material, rebound material, and adherent material; each type of sample is not less than 3; Step 2: Flushing and screening, screening out all the fine materials in the concrete; Step 3: Weighing; weighing the mass of each sample; obtaining the average sample mass as the mass of the corresponding sample, so as to obtain the masses of the ejected material, rebound material, and adherent material; Step 4: Calculating the rebound rate. This method has a large workload, consumes a lot of manpower, is complex in operation, has a long detection time, and a low safety factor, reducing the construction efficiency.

[0005] Chinese Patent No. 202010717591.X proposes a concrete spraying system and its control method. When the rebound rate data fed back by the rebound rate detection system to the information control system does not meet the standard, the information control system sends an admixture adjustment instruction to the control device, and this process is repeated until the data meets the standard. The rebound rate detection system can obtain the volume of concrete falling on the ground (the volume of the machine rebound material) through scanning, and based on the known density parameters of the concrete, the rebound volume can be calculated in the information control system, and then the rebound rate of the concrete can be calculated. However, this control system only reduces the rebound rate by adjusting the dosage of the admixture. In fact, the concrete rebound rate is also related to the distance and angle between the nozzle and the tunnel wall surface, the concrete spraying rate, etc. This method requires more adjustment times, and the effect of reducing the rebound rate is not obvious. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a control method for the rebound rate of tunnel concrete spraying and a wet spraying system, which can calculate the minimum rebound rate and optimize the wet spraying plan, and send the wet spraying plan to the on-site concrete mixing station and intelligent wet spraying machine for adjustment together.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0008] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a control method for the rebound rate of tunnel concrete spraying, including a BIM platform, an intelligent wet spraying machine and a concrete mixing station. The control method is applied to the BIM platform and includes:

[0009] Receiving the data of the inner contour after tunnel excavation and the inner contour after wet spraying obtained in advance, establishing a tunnel excavation model and a tunnel wet spraying model, and combining with the pre-established tunnel information model to calculate the concrete spraying adhesion amount;

[0010] Receiving the data transmitted back by the main cylinder pressure sensor of the intelligent wet spraying machine in advance and calculating the actual concrete spraying amount by the concrete pump volume;

[0011] Calculating the concrete rebound rate through the actual concrete spraying amount and the concrete spraying adhesion amount;

[0012] Receiving the angle and distance between the nozzle and the tunnel wall surface, the concrete spraying rate, and the flocculant addition amount collected by the sensors of the intelligent wet spraying machine, and forming a wet spraying plan with the concrete mix ratio transmitted back by the concrete mixing station in advance;

[0013] By continuously comparing the historical rebound rate data and optimizing the wet spraying plan, preferentially selecting the minimum rebound rate value that meets the pre-set rebound rate control standard and the wet spraying plan corresponding to the minimum rebound rate value;

[0014] Send the optimized wet shotcreting plan and the predicted concrete consumption to the intelligent wet shotcreting machine and the concrete mixing plant on site for adjustment.

[0015] Further, receive the data of the inner contour after tunnel excavation and the inner contour after wet shotcreting obtained in advance, establish a tunnel excavation model and a tunnel wet shotcreting model, and combine with the pre-established tunnel informatization model to calculate the concrete spraying adhesion amount, including:

[0016] Establish a tunnel informatization model with geographical location, wherein the tunnel informatization model includes the outer contour boundary and the inner contour boundary of the tunnel;

[0017] Receive the data of the inner contour after tunnel excavation and the inner contour after wet shotcreting scanned and returned in advance by a 3D laser scanner, establish a tunnel excavation model and a tunnel wet shotcreting model, and place the tunnel informatization model, the tunnel excavation model and the tunnel wet shotcreting model according to the same geographical location;

[0018] Compare the tunnel excavation model and the tunnel wet shotcreting model, and automatically calculate the concrete spraying adhesion amount.

[0019] Further, receive the data transmitted back by the main cylinder pressure sensor of the intelligent wet shotcreting machine in advance and calculate the actual concrete spraying amount according to the volume of the concrete pump, including:

[0020] Receive and process the pressure data transmitted back by the main cylinder pressure sensor of the intelligent wet shotcreting machine in advance to form a pressure curve graph, extract the effective time of each concrete pump delivery and the total time of each concrete pump delivery from the pressure curve graph, calculate the efficiency of each concrete pump delivery, and calculate the amount of each concrete pump delivery according to the known volume of the concrete pump. Finally, add up all the calculated amounts of concrete pump delivery to obtain the actual concrete spraying amount of this cycle.

[0021] Further, calculate the concrete spraying rebound rate according to the concrete spraying adhesion amount and the actual total concrete consumption, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0022] Rebound rate = 1 - concrete adhesion amount / actual total concrete consumption.

[0023] Further, by continuously comparing the historical rebound rate data and the optimized wet shotcreting plan, preferentially select the minimum rebound rate value that meets the pre-set rebound rate control standard and the wet shotcreting plan corresponding to the minimum rebound rate value, including:

[0024] By comparing the rebound rate data of the current cycle of concrete spraying with the historical rebound rate data and selecting the minimum rebound rate, when the value of the minimum rebound rate reaches the rebound rate control standard, the minimum rebound rate value is used to predict the concrete consumption for the next cycle, and the corresponding wet spraying scheme is used as the operation scheme for the intelligent wet spraying machine in the next cycle; when the value of the minimum rebound rate is greater than the rebound rate control standard, the wet spraying scheme corresponding to the minimum rebound rate is optimized, and the intelligent wet spraying machine uses the optimized wet spraying scheme for the wet spraying operation in the next cycle.

[0025] Further, sending the optimized wet spraying scheme and the predicted concrete consumption to the intelligent wet spraying machine and the concrete mixing plant on site for adjustment includes:

[0026] Sending the predicted concrete consumption and the concrete mix ratio to the concrete mixing plant, and the concrete mixing plant prepares the concrete materials according to the predicted concrete consumption and the concrete mix ratio;

[0027] Sending the distance and angle between the nozzle and the tunnel wall surface, the concrete spraying rate, and the flocculant addition amount to the intelligent wet spraying machine waiting for construction on site, and the intelligent wet spraying machine adjusts the boom, the concrete spraying rate, and the flocculant addition amount according to these data.

[0028] Further, the method for predicting the concrete consumption is: comparing the tunnel excavation contour model with the inner contour boundary of the tunnel information model, automatically calculating the theoretical concrete consumption, and calculating the concrete consumption for the current cycle according to the theoretical concrete consumption and the value of the minimum rebound rate.

[0029] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a control device for the rebound rate of tunnel concrete spraying, including:

[0030] The first processing unit is used to receive the data of the inner contour after tunnel excavation and the inner contour after wet spraying obtained in advance, establish a tunnel excavation model and a tunnel wet spraying model, and calculate the concrete spraying adhesion amount in combination with the tunnel information model established in advance;

[0031] The second processing unit is used to receive the data transmitted back by the main cylinder pressure sensor of the intelligent wet spraying machine in advance and calculate the actual concrete spraying amount according to the volume of the concrete pump;

[0032] The third processing unit is used to calculate the concrete rebound rate through the actual concrete spraying amount and the concrete spraying adhesion amount;

[0033] The wet spraying scheme acquisition unit is used to receive the angle and distance between the nozzle and the tunnel wall surface, the concrete spraying rate, and the flocculant addition amount collected by the sensors of the intelligent wet spraying machine, and form a wet spraying scheme in combination with the concrete mix ratio transmitted back by the concrete mixing plant in advance;

[0034] The wet shotcreting plan optimization unit is used to continuously compare historical rebound rate data and optimize the wet shotcreting plan, and preferentially select the minimum rebound rate value that meets the pre-set rebound rate control standard and the wet shotcreting plan corresponding to the minimum rebound rate value;

[0035] The adjustment unit is used to send the optimized wet shotcreting plan and the predicted concrete consumption to the intelligent wet shotcreting machine and the concrete mixing plant on site for adjustment.

[0036] Thirdly, the present invention provides a wet shotcreting system, including a BIM platform, an intelligent wet shotcreting machine and a concrete mixing plant. The system is applied to the BIM platform and includes:

[0037] The first processing unit is used to receive the data of the inner contour after tunnel excavation and the inner contour after wet shotcreting obtained in advance, establish a tunnel excavation model and a tunnel wet shotcreting model, and calculate the concrete spraying adhesion amount in combination with the pre-established tunnel informatization model;

[0038] The second processing unit is used to receive the data transmitted back by the main cylinder pressure sensor of the intelligent wet shotcreting machine in advance and calculate the actual concrete spraying amount by the concrete pump volume;

[0039] The third processing unit is used to calculate the concrete rebound rate by the actual concrete spraying amount and the concrete spraying adhesion amount;

[0040] The wet shotcreting plan acquisition unit is used to receive the angle and distance between the nozzle and the tunnel wall surface, the concrete spraying rate, and the flocculant addition amount collected by the sensors of the intelligent wet shotcreting machine, and form a wet shotcreting plan in combination with the concrete mix ratio transmitted back by the concrete mixing plant in advance;

[0041] The wet shotcreting plan optimization unit is used to continuously compare historical rebound rate data and optimize the wet shotcreting plan, and preferentially select the minimum rebound rate value that meets the pre-set rebound rate control standard and the wet shotcreting plan corresponding to the minimum rebound rate value;

[0042] The adjustment unit is used to send the optimized wet shotcreting plan and the predicted concrete consumption to the intelligent wet shotcreting machine and the concrete mixing plant on site for adjustment.

[0043] Furthermore, the sensors of the intelligent wet shotcreting machine include a lidar, a rotary encoder, and a flowmeter. The lidar and the rotary encoder are respectively used to record the distance and angle between the nozzle and the tunnel wall surface, and the flowmeter is used to record the concrete spraying rate and the flocculant addition amount. The sensors on the intelligent wet shotcreting machine are connected to an on-vehicle computer, and the on-vehicle computer collects sensor data through a communication system and uploads it to the BIM platform.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention:

[0045] (1) This patent proposes a BIM platform, which can establish an information model of a tunnel with geographical location, process the tunnel inner contour data scanned by a 3D laser scanner, and automatically calculate the concrete adhesion amount and the theoretical concrete consumption of the tunnel.

[0046] (2) This patent proposes a BIM platform, which processes the pressure data transmitted back by the main cylinder pressure sensor of an intelligent wet shotcreting machine, automatically calculates the pumping efficiency and the actual concrete consumption, and finally automatically calculates the concrete spraying rebound rate.

[0047] (3) This patent proposes a method for controlling the concrete spraying rebound rate. By comparing the current cycle concrete spraying rebound rate and the historical rebound rate data, the minimum rebound rate and the corresponding wet shotcreting plan are selected. When the minimum rebound rate reaches the rebound rate control standard, the minimum rebound rate is used as the prediction of the concrete consumption for the next cycle, and the corresponding wet shotcreting plan is used as the operation plan of the intelligent wet shotcreting machine for the next cycle; when the minimum rebound rate is greater than the rebound rate control standard, the wet shotcreting plan corresponding to the minimum rebound rate is optimized, the minimum rebound rate is used as the prediction of the concrete consumption for the next cycle, and the optimized wet shotcreting plan is used as the operation plan of the intelligent wet shotcreting machine for the next cycle.

[0048] (4) This patent proposes an intelligent wet shotcreting operation system. The BIM platform sends the predicted concrete consumption and the concrete mix ratio to the concrete mixing plant in the form of instructions. The concrete mixing plant prepares the concrete materials according to the instructions; the BIM platform sends the distance and angle between the nozzle and the tunnel wall, the concrete spraying rate, and the flocculant addition amount to the intelligent wet shotcreting machine waiting for construction on site. At the same time, the BIM platform collects the construction parameters of the intelligent wet shotcreting machine to calculate the minimum rebound rate and optimize the wet shotcreting plan. The minimum rebound rate is used as the prediction of the concrete consumption for the next cycle and is sent to the on-site concrete mixing plant and the intelligent wet shotcreting machine together with the wet shotcreting plan. Description of the Drawings

[0049] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the tunnel information model provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the tunnel wet shotcreting model provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 is a flow chart of the concrete spraying rebound rate calculation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 is a flow chart of the rebound rate control and wet shotcreting plan optimization method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 5 is a flow chart of the prediction of the actual concrete consumption provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the intelligent wet shotcreting operation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0055] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0056] Embodiment 1

[0057] This embodiment introduces a method for controlling the rebound rate of tunnel concrete spraying, including a BIM platform, an intelligent wet shotcreting machine, and a concrete mixing plant. The control method is applied to the BIM platform and includes:

[0058] Receiving the data of the inner contour after tunnel excavation and the inner contour after wet shotcreting obtained in advance, establishing a tunnel excavation model and a tunnel wet shotcreting model, and calculating the concrete spraying adhesion amount in combination with the pre-established tunnel information model;

[0059] Receiving the data transmitted back by the main cylinder pressure sensor of the intelligent wet shotcreting machine in advance and calculating the actual concrete spraying amount by the concrete pump volume;

[0060] Calculating the concrete rebound rate through the actual concrete spraying amount and the concrete spraying adhesion amount;

[0061] Receiving the angle and distance between the nozzle and the tunnel wall surface, the concrete spraying rate, and the flocculant addition amount collected by the sensors of the intelligent wet shotcreting machine, and forming a wet shotcreting plan in combination with the concrete mix ratio transmitted back by the concrete mixing plant in advance;

[0062] By continuously comparing the historical rebound rate data and optimizing the wet shotcreting plan, preferentially selecting the minimum rebound rate value that meets the pre-set rebound rate control standard and the wet shotcreting plan corresponding to the minimum rebound rate value;

[0063] Sending the optimized wet shotcreting plan and the predicted concrete consumption to the intelligent wet shotcreting machine and the concrete mixing plant on site for adjustment.

[0064] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, the method for controlling the rebound rate of tunnel concrete spraying provided by this embodiment specifically involves the following steps in its application process:

[0065] Step 1: Establish a tunnel information model 1 with geographical location on the BIM platform. The tunnel information model includes a tunnel outer contour boundary 2 and a tunnel inner contour boundary 3.

[0066] Step 2: The data of the inner contour after tunnel excavation and the inner contour after wet shotcrete scanned by the 3D laser scanner are uploaded to the BIM platform to establish the tunnel excavation model 4 and the tunnel wet shotcrete model 5, and the tunnel informatization model 1, the tunnel excavation model 2 and the tunnel wet shotcrete model 5 are placed according to the same geographical location.

[0067] Step 3: The BIM platform automatically calculates the concrete spraying adhesion amount by comparing the tunnel excavation model 4 and the tunnel wet shotcrete model 5.

[0068] Step 4: The BIM platform analyzes and processes the pressure data transmitted back by the main cylinder pressure sensor of the intelligent wet shotcreting machine to form a pressure curve graph. The effective time of each concrete pump delivery and the total time of each pump delivery are extracted from the pressure curve graph, the pumping efficiency of each time is calculated, and the concrete pumping volume of each time is calculated according to the known volume of the concrete pump. Finally, all the calculated concrete pumping volumes are added up to obtain the actual total amount of concrete used in this cycle.

[0069] Step 5: The BIM platform calculates the concrete spraying rebound rate according to the concrete spraying adhesion amount and the actual total amount of concrete. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0070] Rebound rate = 1 - Concrete adhesion amount / Actual total amount of concrete

[0071] Step 6: The BIM platform forms a wet shotcrete plan based on the distance and angle between the nozzle and the tunnel wall surface, the concrete spraying rate, the flocculant addition amount transmitted back by the sensors of the intelligent wet shotcreting machine and the concrete mix ratio data transmitted back by the concrete mixing plant; the BIM platform compares the current cycle concrete spraying rebound rate and the historical rebound rate data, and selects the minimum rebound rate. When the minimum rebound rate value reaches the rebound rate control standard, the minimum rebound rate value is used to predict the concrete consumption of the next cycle, and the corresponding wet shotcrete plan is used as the operation plan of the intelligent wet shotcreting machine for the next cycle; when the minimum rebound rate value is greater than the rebound rate control standard, the wet shotcrete plan corresponding to the minimum rebound rate is optimized, and the intelligent wet shotcreting machine uses the optimized wet shotcrete plan for the next cycle of wet shotcrete operation.

[0072] The sensors include lidar, rotary encoder, and flowmeter. The lidar and rotary encoder are respectively used to record the distance and angle between the nozzle and the tunnel wall surface, and the flowmeter is used to record the concrete spraying rate and the flocculant addition amount. The sensors on the intelligent wet shotcreting machine are connected to the on-vehicle computer, and the on-vehicle computer collects the sensor data through the communication system and uploads it to the BIM platform.

[0073] The concrete consumption prediction method is as follows: The BIM platform compares the inner contour boundary 3 of the tunnel excavation contour model 4 with the tunnel informatization model 1, automatically calculates the theoretical concrete consumption, and calculates the concrete consumption of the current cycle according to the theoretical concrete consumption and the minimum rebound rate value.

[0074] Step 7: The BIM platform sends the optimized wet shotcreting plan and the predicted concrete consumption to the intelligent wet shotcreting machine and the concrete mixing plant on site. Specifically, it sends the predicted concrete consumption and the concrete mix ratio to the concrete mixing plant, and the concrete mixing plant prepares the concrete according to the predicted concrete consumption and the concrete mix ratio. It sends the distance and angle between the nozzle and the tunnel wall surface, the concrete spraying rate, and the flocculant addition amount to the intelligent wet shotcreting machine waiting for construction on site, and the intelligent wet shotcreting machine adjusts the boom, the concrete spraying rate, and the flocculant addition amount according to these data.

[0075] Example 2

[0076] This embodiment provides a control device for the rebound rate of tunnel concrete spraying, including:

[0077] The first processing unit is used to receive the data of the inner contour after tunnel excavation and the inner contour after wet shotcreting obtained in advance, establish a tunnel excavation model and a tunnel wet shotcreting model, and combine the pre-established tunnel information model to calculate the concrete spraying adhesion amount;

[0078] The second processing unit is used to receive the data transmitted back by the main cylinder pressure sensor of the intelligent wet shotcreting machine in advance and calculate the actual concrete spraying amount according to the volume of the concrete pump;

[0079] The third processing unit is used to calculate the concrete rebound rate through the actual concrete spraying amount and the concrete spraying adhesion amount;

[0080] The wet shotcreting plan acquisition unit is used to receive the angle and distance between the nozzle and the tunnel wall surface, the concrete spraying rate, and the flocculant addition amount collected by the sensors of the intelligent wet shotcreting machine, and form a wet shotcreting plan with the concrete mix ratio transmitted back by the concrete mixing plant in advance;

[0081] The wet shotcreting plan optimization unit is used to continuously compare the historical rebound rate data and optimize the wet shotcreting plan, and preferentially select the minimum rebound rate value that meets the pre-set rebound rate control standard and the wet shotcreting plan corresponding to the minimum rebound rate value;

[0082] The adjustment unit is used to send the optimized wet shotcreting plan and the predicted concrete consumption to the intelligent wet shotcreting machine and the concrete mixing plant on site for adjustment.

[0083] Example 3

[0084] This embodiment provides a wet shotcreting system, including a BIM platform, an intelligent wet shotcreting machine, and a concrete mixing plant. The system is applied to the BIM platform and includes:

[0085] The first processing unit is used to receive the data of the inner contour after tunnel excavation and the inner contour after wet shotcreting obtained in advance, establish a tunnel excavation model and a tunnel wet shotcreting model, and combine the pre-established tunnel information model to calculate the concrete spraying adhesion amount;

[0086] A second processing unit for receiving the data pre-transmitted through the main cylinder pressure sensor of the intelligent wet shotcreting machine and calculating the actual shotcrete volume of the concrete using the concrete pump volume.

[0087] A third processing unit for calculating the concrete rebound rate based on the actual shotcrete volume of the concrete and the concrete shotcrete adhesion amount.

[0088] A wet shotcreting plan acquisition unit for receiving the angle and distance between the nozzle and the tunnel wall surface, the concrete shotcrete rate, and the flocculant addition amount collected by the sensors of the intelligent wet shotcreting machine, and forming a wet shotcreting plan with the concrete mix ratio pre-transmitted through the concrete mixing plant.

[0089] A wet shotcreting plan optimization unit for continuously comparing historical rebound rate data and optimizing the wet shotcreting plan, and preferentially selecting the minimum rebound rate value that meets the pre-set rebound rate control standard and the wet shotcreting plan corresponding to the minimum rebound rate value.

[0090] An adjustment unit for sending the optimized wet shotcreting plan and the predicted concrete usage amount to the intelligent wet shotcreting machine and the concrete mixing plant on-site for adjustment.

[0091] The sensors of the intelligent wet shotcreting machine include a lidar, a rotary encoder, and a flowmeter. The lidar and the rotary encoder are respectively used to record the distance and angle between the nozzle and the tunnel wall surface, and the flowmeter is used to record the concrete shotcrete rate and the flocculant addition amount. The sensors on the intelligent wet shotcreting machine are connected to an on-vehicle computer, and the on-vehicle computer collects sensor data through a communication system and uploads it to the BIM platform.

[0092] Beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention

[0093] (1) This patent proposes a BIM platform that can establish an information-based model of the tunnel with geographical location, process the tunnel inner contour data scanned by a 3D laser scanner, and automatically calculate the concrete adhesion amount and the theoretical concrete usage amount of the tunnel.

[0094] (2) This patent proposes a BIM platform that processes the pressure data transmitted back by the main cylinder pressure sensor of the intelligent wet shotcreting machine, automatically calculates the pumping efficiency and the actual concrete usage amount, and finally realizes the automatic calculation of the concrete shotcrete rebound rate.

[0095] (3) This patent proposes a method for controlling the rebound rate of concrete spraying. By comparing the current cycle's concrete spraying rebound rate and historical rebound rate data, the minimum rebound rate and the corresponding wet spraying scheme are selected. When the minimum rebound rate reaches the rebound rate control standard, the minimum rebound rate is used as the prediction of the concrete consumption for the next cycle, and the corresponding wet spraying scheme is used as the operation scheme for the intelligent wet spraying machine in the next cycle; when the minimum rebound rate is greater than the rebound rate control standard, the wet spraying scheme corresponding to the minimum rebound rate is optimized, the minimum rebound rate is used as the prediction of the concrete consumption for the next cycle, and the optimized wet spraying scheme is used as the operation scheme for the intelligent wet spraying machine in the next cycle.

[0096] (4) This patent proposes an intelligent wet spraying operation system. The BIM platform sends the predicted concrete consumption and concrete mix ratio to the concrete mixing plant in the form of instructions. The concrete mixing plant prepares the concrete materials according to the instructions; the BIM platform sends the distance and angle between the nozzle and the tunnel wall surface, the concrete spraying rate, and the flocculant addition amount to the intelligent wet spraying machine waiting for construction on-site. At the same time, the BIM platform collects the construction parameters of the intelligent wet spraying machine to calculate the minimum rebound rate and optimize the wet spraying scheme. The minimum rebound rate is used as the prediction of the concrete consumption for the next cycle and is sent to the on-site concrete mixing plant and the intelligent wet spraying machine together with the wet spraying scheme.

[0097] The above content is a detailed description of the present invention in combination with the preferred technical solutions. For those skilled in the technology field to which the present invention belongs, without departing from the concept of the present invention, various similar modifications and substitutions can also be made. For example, in addition to using the three-dimensional calculation method of the BIM platform for calculating the concrete adhesion amount and the theoretical concrete consumption, BIM software such as Revit and CATIA can also be used to complete the above calculation process based on the existing design BIM information model, the 3D laser scanner data transmitted back from the site, and the intelligent wet spraying machine sensor data.

[0098] The above is only the preferred implementation manner of the present invention. It should be noted that for those ordinary technical personnel in the technical field of the present invention, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and deformations can still be made, and these improvements and deformations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control method for the rebound rate of tunnel concrete spraying, characterized in that, Including a BIM platform, an intelligent wet shotcreting machine, and a concrete mixing plant, the control method is applied to the BIM platform and includes: Receiving the inner contour data after tunnel excavation and the inner contour data after wet shotcreting obtained in advance, establishing a tunnel excavation model and a tunnel wet shotcreting model, and combining with the pre-established tunnel information model to calculate the concrete spraying adhesion amount; Receiving the data transmitted back by the main cylinder pressure sensor of the intelligent wet shotcreting machine in advance and the concrete pump volume to calculate the actual concrete spraying amount; Calculating the concrete rebound rate through the actual concrete spraying amount and the concrete spraying adhesion amount; Receiving the angle and distance between the nozzle and the tunnel wall surface, the concrete spraying rate, and the flocculant addition amount collected by the sensors of the intelligent wet shotcreting machine, and forming a wet shotcreting plan with the concrete mix ratio transmitted back by the concrete mixing plant in advance; By continuously comparing the historical rebound rate data and optimizing the wet shotcreting plan, preferentially selecting the minimum rebound rate value that meets the pre-set rebound rate control standard and the wet shotcreting plan corresponding to the minimum rebound rate value; Sending the optimized wet shotcreting plan and the predicted concrete usage amount to the intelligent wet shotcreting machine and the concrete mixing plant on-site for adjustment.

2. The control method for the rebound rate of tunnel concrete spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The receiving the inner contour data after tunnel excavation and the inner contour data after wet shotcreting obtained in advance, establishing a tunnel excavation model and a tunnel wet shotcreting model, and combining with the pre-established tunnel information model to calculate the concrete spraying adhesion amount includes: Establishing a tunnel information model with geographical location, where the tunnel information model includes the outer contour boundary of the tunnel and the inner contour boundary of the tunnel; Receiving the inner contour data after tunnel excavation and the inner contour data after wet shotcreting scanned and returned by a 3D laser scanner in advance, establishing a tunnel excavation model and a tunnel wet shotcreting model, and placing the tunnel information model, the tunnel excavation model, and the tunnel wet shotcreting model according to the same geographical location; Comparing the tunnel excavation model and the tunnel wet shotcreting model, and automatically calculating the concrete spraying adhesion amount.

3. The control method of the rebound rate of tunnel concrete spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The receiving the data transmitted back by the main cylinder pressure sensor of the intelligent wet shotcreting machine in advance and the concrete pump volume to calculate the actual concrete spraying amount includes: Receiving and processing the pressure data transmitted back by the main cylinder pressure sensor of the intelligent wet shotcreting machine in advance to form a pressure curve graph, extracting the effective time of each concrete pump stroke and the total time of each concrete pump stroke from the pressure curve graph, calculating the efficiency of each concrete pump stroke, and calculating the amount of each concrete pump stroke according to the known concrete pump volume. Finally, adding up all the calculated concrete pump stroke amounts to obtain the actual concrete spraying amount.

4. The control method for the rebound rate of tunnel concrete spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that, Calculating the concrete spraying rebound rate according to the concrete spraying adhesion amount and the actual total concrete usage amount, and the calculation formula is as follows: Rebound rate = 1 - concrete adhesion amount / actual total concrete usage amount.

5. The control method for the rebound rate of tunnel concrete spraying according to claim 1, wherein The by continuously comparing the historical rebound rate data and optimizing the wet shotcreting plan, preferentially selecting the minimum rebound rate value that meets the pre-set rebound rate control standard and the wet shotcreting plan corresponding to the minimum rebound rate value includes: By comparing the rebound rate of concrete spraying in the current cycle and the historical rebound rate data, and selecting the minimum rebound rate, when the value of the minimum rebound rate reaches the rebound rate control standard, use the value of the minimum rebound rate to predict the concrete consumption in the next cycle, and use the corresponding wet spraying scheme as the operation scheme of the intelligent wet spraying machine in the next cycle; when the value of the minimum rebound rate is greater than the rebound rate control standard, optimize the wet spraying scheme corresponding to the minimum rebound rate, and the intelligent wet spraying machine uses the optimized wet spraying scheme for wet spraying operation in the next cycle.

6. The control method for the rebound rate of tunnel concrete spraying according to claim 1, wherein, Sending the optimized wet spraying scheme and the predicted concrete consumption to the intelligent wet spraying machine and the concrete mixing plant on site for adjustment, including: Sending the predicted concrete consumption and the concrete mix ratio to the concrete mixing plant, and the concrete mixing plant prepares the concrete materials according to the predicted concrete consumption and the concrete mix ratio; Sending the distance and angle between the nozzle and the tunnel wall surface, the concrete spraying rate, and the flocculant addition amount to the intelligent wet spraying machine waiting for construction on site, and the intelligent wet spraying machine adjusts the boom, the concrete spraying rate, and the flocculant addition amount according to these data.

7. The control method for the rebound rate of tunnel concrete spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for predicting the concrete consumption is: comparing the tunnel excavation contour model with the inner contour boundary of the tunnel information model, automatically calculating the theoretical concrete consumption, and calculating the concrete consumption in the current cycle according to the theoretical concrete consumption and the value of the minimum rebound rate.

8. A control device for the rebound rate of tunnel concrete spraying, characterized in that, Including: The first processing unit is used to receive the data of the inner contour after tunnel excavation and the inner contour after wet spraying obtained in advance, establish a tunnel excavation model and a tunnel wet spraying model, and calculate the concrete spraying adhesion amount in combination with the pre-established tunnel information model; The second processing unit is used to receive the data transmitted back in advance by the main cylinder pressure sensor of the intelligent wet spraying machine and the concrete pump volume to calculate the actual concrete spraying amount; The third processing unit is used to calculate the concrete rebound rate through the actual concrete spraying amount and the concrete spraying adhesion amount; The wet spraying scheme acquisition unit is used to receive the angle and distance between the nozzle and the tunnel wall surface, the concrete spraying rate, and the flocculant addition amount collected by the sensors of the intelligent wet spraying machine, and form a wet spraying scheme with the concrete mix ratio transmitted back in advance by the concrete mixing plant; The wet spraying scheme optimization unit is used to continuously compare the historical rebound rate data and optimize the wet spraying scheme, and preferentially select the minimum rebound rate value that reaches the pre-set rebound rate control standard and the wet spraying scheme corresponding to the minimum rebound rate value; The adjustment unit is used to send the optimized wet spraying scheme and the predicted concrete consumption to the intelligent wet spraying machine and the concrete mixing plant on site for adjustment.

9. A wet spraying system, characterized in that, Including a BIM platform, an intelligent wet spraying machine and a concrete mixing plant, the system is applied to the BIM platform and includes: The first processing unit is used to receive the data of the inner contour after tunnel excavation and the inner contour after wet spraying obtained in advance, establish a tunnel excavation model and a tunnel wet spraying model, and calculate the concrete spraying adhesion amount in combination with the pre-established tunnel information model; The second processing unit is used to receive the data transmitted back in advance by the main cylinder pressure sensor of the intelligent wet spraying machine and the concrete pump volume to calculate the actual concrete spraying amount; The third processing unit is used to calculate the concrete rebound rate through the actual concrete spraying amount and the concrete spraying adhesion amount; The wet spraying plan acquisition unit is used to receive the angle and distance between the nozzle and the tunnel wall surface, the concrete spraying rate, and the flocculant addition amount collected by the sensors of the intelligent wet spraying machine, and form a wet spraying plan with the concrete mix ratio previously transmitted back by the concrete mixing plant; The wet spraying plan optimization unit is used to continuously compare the historical rebound rate data and optimize the wet spraying plan, and preferentially select the minimum rebound rate value that meets the preset rebound rate control standard and the wet spraying plan corresponding to the minimum rebound rate value; The adjustment unit is used to send the optimized wet spraying plan and the predicted concrete consumption to the intelligent wet spraying machine and the concrete mixing plant on site for adjustment.

10. The wet spraying system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The sensors of the intelligent wet spraying machine include lidar, rotary encoder, and flowmeter. The lidar and rotary encoder are respectively used to record the distance and angle between the nozzle and the tunnel wall surface, and the flowmeter is used to record the concrete spraying rate and the flocculant addition amount. The sensors on the intelligent wet spraying machine are connected to the in-vehicle computer, and the in-vehicle computer collects sensor data through the communication system and uploads it to the BIM platform.

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