A detachable liquid level type thermal load test system suitable for various temperature zones

Abstract

The application provides a detachable liquid level type heat load test system suitable for various temperature zones, which comprises an outer Dewar, an inner Dewar, a to-be-tested support, a liquid inlet pipe, an exhaust pipe, a vacuum suction port, a temperature sensor and a liquid level meter, the inner Dewar is arranged in a vacuum environment of the outer Dewar, one end of the to-be-tested support is connected with the outer Dewar, and the other end is connected with the inner Dewar, the liquid inlet pipe is used for conveying liquid refrigerant medium into the inner Dewar through the liquid inlet pipe, the exhaust pipe is used for conveying gas generated by evaporation of the liquid refrigerant medium in the inner Dewar to the outside of the outer Dewar, and the liquid level meter is used for monitoring the liquid storage amount of the liquid refrigerant medium in the inner Dewar. The technical scheme of the application is used to solve the technical problems that the heat load test system in the prior art is limited by the system weight, the system pressure and the system liquid level, which leads to low measurement accuracy, and the system is complex, high in cost, difficult to operate, and poor in applicability to test temperature zones and to-be-tested support shapes and sizes.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of refrigeration and cryogenics, and particularly relates to a detachable liquid level type heat load test system suitable for various temperature zones. BACKGROUND

[0002] Low-temperature liquids such as liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen and liquid helium have many special properties that normal-temperature working media do not have, and have irreplaceable application value in some high-tech fields such as aerospace, liquid fuel, superconductor, magnetic suspension, space exploration, biological medicine and the like. However, the temperature of low-temperature liquids is usually 100℃ or even more than 200℃ different from the normal-temperature environment, so the low-temperature system must have excellent adiabatic performance, otherwise the low-temperature liquids will evaporate due to heat absorption, causing loss. The current low-temperature system generally adopts vacuum adiabatic mode, and the vacuum adiabatic structure has extremely low convective heat transfer coefficient, so the conduction heat leakage from the support member is usually the main heat load source of the low-temperature system. When designing the low-temperature system, the heat load condition of the support member must be fully demonstrated and tested. However, most materials will show different physical properties at low temperatures than at normal temperatures, so the heat load test system of the support member must have low-temperature conditions. Therefore, the functional requirements and design difficulty of the test system are greatly improved, resulting in a significant increase in the cost of building the heat load test system of the support member.

[0003] At present, the existing heat load test schemes include liquid nitrogen weighing method, nitrogen flow method and split heat compensation method based on the liquid nitrogen weighing method. The liquid nitrogen weighing method measures the mass of the liquid nitrogen consumed in the low-temperature heat load test system by weighing, and then calculates the heat leakage of the low-temperature system through the latent heat of vaporization, and further calculates the heat load according to the time; the nitrogen flow method is to guide the nitrogen gas generated by the evaporation of the liquid nitrogen in the heat load test system out, measure the flow of the generated nitrogen gas through the gas flow meter, and then calculate the heat load of the test system through the latent heat of vaporization of the liquid nitrogen; the heat compensation method is to replace the low-temperature system to be tested by combining a split low-temperature container with a known heat load by the weighing method and an adjustable heating sheet, first uses a refrigerator to refrigerate the system to be tested until the stable working temperature is reached, and then uses the same refrigerator to refrigerate the split low-temperature container with a known heat load, and at the same time uses the heating sheet to heat compensate the low-temperature container with a known heat load until the temperature of the container is stabilized at the same working temperature. At this time, the heat compensation amount of the heating sheet and the heat load of the known container are the heat load of the system to be tested.

[0004] The existing heat load test method has the following problems: the liquid nitrogen weighing method can only test the heat load of the support applied to the liquid nitrogen cryogenic system (-196℃), and is not applicable to the support applied to other temperature zones, and the measurement accuracy is largely limited by the weight of the heat load test system itself, the heavier the system itself, the larger the weighing equipment range required, and the lower the test liquid nitrogen consumption accuracy; compared with the liquid nitrogen weighing method, the nitrogen flow method is not limited by the weight of the heat load test system, but the gas flow is inevitably affected by the system pressure, and accurate measurement can only be carried out after the pressure reaches stability, which requires the test system to withstand a long liquid evaporation time, and is not suitable for testing small volume supports, and cannot use low temperature liquids with small latent heat of vaporization, in addition, for the system with heat load changing with liquid level, the method cannot test the heat load of high liquid level working condition; the heat compensation method can realize heat load test of multiple temperature zones, but the method has complex equipment, high cost and high operation difficulty, and it is difficult to test supports of multiple different shapes and sizes, and the test accuracy is still limited by the weighing method of the reference container. SUMMARY

[0005] The application provides a detachable liquid level type heat load test system suitable for multiple temperature zones, which can solve the technical problems in the prior art that the heat load test system is limited by the weight of the system itself, the pressure of the system itself, and the liquid level of the system itself, resulting in low measurement accuracy, and the system is complex, high in cost, difficult to operate, and poor in applicability to test temperature zones and shapes and sizes of supports to be tested.

[0006] The application provides a detachable liquid level type heat load test system suitable for multiple temperature zones, which comprises an outer dewar, an inner dewar, a support to be tested, a liquid inlet pipe, an exhaust pipe, a vacuum port, a temperature sensor and a liquid level meter.

[0007] The vacuum port is arranged on the outer dewar, and the inside of the outer dewar is vacuumized through the vacuum port to form a vacuum environment, the inner dewar is arranged in the vacuum environment of the outer dewar, one end of the support to be tested is connected with the outer dewar, and the other end is connected with the inner dewar.

[0008] The liquid inlet pipe and the exhaust pipe pass through the side wall of the outer dewar and communicate with the inside of the inner dewar, the liquid inlet pipe is used for conveying liquid refrigerant medium into the inner dewar through the liquid inlet pipe, the exhaust pipe is used for conveying the gas generated by the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant medium in the inner dewar to the outside of the outer dewar, the temperature sensor and the liquid level meter are arranged in the inner dewar, the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature in the inner dewar, and the liquid level meter is used for monitoring the liquid storage amount of the liquid refrigerant medium in the inner dewar.

[0009] Further, the outer dewar comprises a shell, a front flange and a back flange, both ends of the shell have openings, and the front flange and the back flange are detachably and sealingly connected with both ends of the shell.

[0010] Further, the flange mounting surface of the opening at both ends of the shell has a bolt hole, and the front flange and the back flange are bolted to the flange mounting surface of the shell at both ends through the bolt hole.

[0011] Further, the flange mounting surface also has a sealing groove for setting a sealing element, and the flange mounting surface is sealed and connected with the front flange or the back flange through the cooperation of the sealing element and the sealing groove.

[0012] Further, the liquid inlet pipe includes an outer Dewar liquid inlet pipe and an inner Dewar liquid inlet pipe, the inner Dewar liquid inlet pipe is sealed and fixed on the inner Dewar and communicates with the inside of the inner Dewar, the shell of the outer Dewar has a first through hole, the outer Dewar liquid inlet pipe is sealed and fixed together with the first through hole after passing through the first through hole, and is detachably sealed and connected with the inner Dewar liquid inlet pipe.

[0013] Further, the exhaust pipe includes an outer Dewar exhaust pipe and an inner Dewar exhaust pipe, the inner Dewar exhaust pipe is sealed and fixed on the inner Dewar and communicates with the inside of the inner Dewar, the shell of the outer Dewar has a second through hole, the outer Dewar exhaust pipe is sealed and fixed together with the second through hole after passing through the second through hole, and is detachably sealed and connected with the inner Dewar exhaust pipe.

[0014] Further, the outer Dewar liquid inlet pipe includes a radial pipe, a vacuum cover sleeved outside the radial pipe, and an end cover, the cavity is formed between the outer wall surface of the radial pipe and the inner wall surface of the vacuum cover, the radial pipe has a first end and a second end, the vacuum cover has a third end and a fourth end, the third end has a third through hole on the end surface, and the fourth end is an open end, the end cover is a column with two open ends and has a connecting end and a sealing end, the sealing end has a thread, the connecting end is sleeved on the first end of the radial pipe after being inserted into the third through hole, the outer wall surface of the connecting end is sealed and connected with the third through hole, the inner wall surface of the connecting end is sealed and connected with the outer wall surface of the first end, the second end of the radial pipe is detachably sealed and connected with the inner Dewar liquid inlet pipe through the first through hole, and the outer wall surface of the fourth end of the vacuum cover is sealed and fixed together with the first through hole, so that the cavity communicates with the vacuum environment inside the outer Dewar.

[0015] Further, the heat load test system further includes a plurality of first aviation plugs and a plurality of second aviation plugs, the plurality of first aviation plugs are arranged on the shell, and the plurality of second aviation plugs are arranged on the inner Dewar, the temperature sensor and the liquid level meter are connected with the measurement and control instrument outside the outer Dewar through the first aviation plugs and the second aviation plugs.

[0016] Further, the heat load test system further includes a cold screen assembly, the cold screen assembly includes a cold screen body, a clamp, and a plurality of cold screen hooks arranged on the cold screen body, the cold screen body is arranged between the outer Dewar and the inner Dewar, the plurality of cold screen hooks are fixed on the inner Dewar exhaust pipe through the clamp, and are used for transferring the cold energy in the inner Dewar exhaust pipe to the cold screen body.

[0017] Further, the cold shield assembly further comprises a cold shield mounting seat of heat-insulating non-metallic material, one end of the cold shield mounting seat is connected with the cold shield body, and the other end is connected with the inner dewar, for supporting the cold shield body not to be in direct contact with the inner dewar.

[0018] The technical scheme of the present application provides a detachable liquid level type heat load test system suitable for various temperature zones, which connects the support to be tested with the inner dewar and the outer dewar, transports the liquid refrigerant to the inner dewar through the liquid inlet pipe, transports the gas generated by the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant to the outside of the outer dewar through the exhaust pipe, monitors the temperature in the inner dewar and the liquid storage amount of the liquid refrigerant by using the temperature sensor and the liquid level meter, and calculates the average heat load of the support to be tested according to the change of the liquid storage amount within a certain time and the latent heat of vaporization of the liquid refrigerant under normal pressure. The heat load test system is not limited by the weight of the system itself and the pressure holding condition, is suitable for various temperature zones such as liquefied natural gas, liquid nitrogen, liquid argon, liquid oxygen, liquid hydrogen and liquid helium, the test result is closer to the actual situation, is suitable for supports to be tested with various shapes and sizes, and for the heat load test of various supports to be tested, the heat load of each support to be tested can be obtained by the method of simultaneously solving multiple test results, which is convenient for analyzing the heat load distribution of the support to be tested in the actual low-temperature system. Meanwhile, the test system has no electric equipment, has a simple structure and low cost. Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the present application can solve the technical problems of the prior art, such as low measurement accuracy caused by the influence of the weight of the system itself, the pressure holding of the system itself and the liquid level of the system itself, complex system, high cost, large operation difficulty and poor applicability to the test temperature zone and the shape and size of the support to be tested. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present application and serve to explain the principles of the present application. Obviously, the drawings below only show some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 Fig. 1 shows the appearance structure schematic diagram of the detachable liquid level type heat load test system suitable for various temperature zones provided by the specific embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 Fig. 1 shows the appearance structure schematic diagram of the detachable liquid level type heat load test system suitable for various temperature zones provided by the specific embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3An outer Dewar liquid inlet pipe structure diagram provided by specific embodiments of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application can be combined with each other without conflict. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The description of the at least one example embodiment is actually only illustrative, but not as any limitation on the present application and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0024] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and it should also be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in the specification, there is a reference to the presence of a feature, step, operation, device, component, and / or combinations thereof.

[0025] Unless specifically stated otherwise, the relative arrangements of the components and steps illustrated in these embodiments and the numerical expressions and values set forth in the examples are not meant to limit the scope of the present application. It should also be understood that the size of the various parts shown in the figures can not be to scale for ease of illustration. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art can not be discussed in detail, but should be considered as part of the description of the present application. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific value should be interpreted as merely an example, and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the example embodiments can have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0026] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 According to specific embodiments of the present application, a detachable liquid level type heat load test system suitable for multiple temperature zones is provided, which includes an outer Dewar 10, an inner Dewar 20, a support to be tested 30, a liquid inlet pipe 40, an exhaust pipe 50, a vacuum suction 60, a temperature sensor, and a liquid level meter.

[0027] The vacuum port 60 is arranged on the outer Dewar 10, and the inner Dewar 20 is arranged in the vacuum environment of the outer Dewar 10, and the support to be tested 30 is connected with the outer Dewar 10 at one end and connected with the inner Dewar 20 at the other end;

[0028] The liquid inlet pipe 40 and the exhaust pipe 50 are communicated with the inside of the inner Dewar 20 through the side wall of the outer Dewar 10, the liquid inlet pipe 40 is used for conveying the liquid refrigerant into the inner Dewar 20, the exhaust pipe 50 is used for conveying the gas generated by the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant in the inner Dewar 20 to the outside of the outer Dewar 10, the temperature sensor and the liquid level meter are arranged in the inner Dewar 20, the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature in the inner Dewar 20, and the liquid level meter is used for monitoring the liquid storage amount of the liquid refrigerant in the inner Dewar 20.

[0029] The heat load test system provided by the application is suitable for various temperature zones, and when testing, the corresponding liquid refrigerant is selected according to the required test temperature zone, for example, liquefied natural gas (-160℃), liquid oxygen (-183℃), liquid argon (-185.7℃), liquid nitrogen (-196℃), liquid hydrogen (-253℃) and liquid helium (-269℃), by selecting the appropriate liquid refrigerant, the consistency of the test environment and the application environment is improved, and the accuracy of the test result is improved. The material of the inner Dewar 20, the liquid inlet pipe 40 and the exhaust pipe 50 can be selected according to actual needs, for example, stainless steel. The inner Dewar 20 is used as a main container for storing liquid refrigerant, and the pressure-bearing performance thereof is designed according to actual needs, as a specific embodiment of the application, the pressure-bearing performance of the inner Dewar 20 is designed as 3bar positive pressure. The connecting structure such as a screw hole is processed on the outer surface of the inner Dewar 20 according to the structure of the support to be tested 30, and is used for installing various supports to be tested 30, and the support to be tested 30 is bolted with the inner Dewar 20 and the outer Dewar 10 at two ends. Further, in order to reduce the radiation heat loss, the inner Dewar 20 is coated with multiple layers of heat insulation materials. At the same time, in order to improve the measurement accuracy, the liquid inlet pipe 40 is connected with the bottom of the inner Dewar 20, and the exhaust pipe 50 is connected with the top of the inner Dewar 20.

[0030] With the configuration, a detachable liquid level type heat load test system suitable for various temperature zones is provided. The heat load test system connects the support piece 30 to be tested with the inner Dewar 20 and the outer Dewar 10, transports the liquid refrigerant to the inner Dewar 20 through the liquid inlet pipe 40, transports the gas generated by the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant to the outside of the outer Dewar 10 through the exhaust pipe 50, monitors the temperature in the inner Dewar 20 and the liquid storage amount of the liquid refrigerant by using the temperature sensor and the liquid level meter, and calculates the average heat load of the support piece 30 to be tested according to the change of the liquid storage amount within a certain period of time and the latent heat of vaporization of the liquid refrigerant under normal pressure. The heat load test system is not limited by the weight of the system itself and the pressure holding condition, is suitable for various temperature zones such as liquefied natural gas, liquid nitrogen, liquid argon, liquid oxygen, liquid hydrogen, liquid helium, etc., the test result is closer to the actual situation, is suitable for various shapes and sizes of support pieces to be tested, and for the heat load test of various support pieces to be tested, the heat load of each support piece to be tested can be obtained by the method of simultaneously solving multiple test results, which is convenient for analyzing the heat load distribution of the support piece to be tested in the actual low-temperature system. At the same time, the test system has no electric equipment, simple structure and low cost. Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the present application can solve the technical problems of low measurement accuracy, complex system, high cost, high operation difficulty and poor applicability to test temperature zones and shapes and sizes of support pieces to be tested caused by the influence of the weight of the system itself, the pressure holding of the system itself and the liquid level of the system itself in the prior art.

[0031] Further, as shown in Figure 1 , the outer Dewar 10 includes a shell 11, a front flange 12 and a back flange 13. The shell 11 has openings at both ends, and the front flange 12 and the back flange 13 are detachably and sealingly connected to the two ends of the shell 11. The structure of the outer Dewar 10 is easy to disassemble, and by disassembling the front flange 12 and the back flange 13, the related structure in the outer Dewar 10 can be replaced to adapt to the test requirements of support structures to be tested with different shapes, sizes and quantities, thereby improving the applicability of the test system. In addition, the vacuum port 60 is welded on the shell 11 and connected to the external vacuum pumping unit through a KF flange, which is convenient to disassemble and has good sealing performance.

[0032] As a specific embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the flange mounting surface 111 around the opening at both ends of the shell 11 has bolt holes 111a, and the front flange 12 and the back flange 13 are bolted to the flange mounting surface 111 at both ends of the shell 11 through the bolt holes 111a. In order to facilitate assembly, the front flange 12 and the back flange 13 also have bolt through holes corresponding to the bolt holes 111a. The materials of the shell 11, the front flange 12 and the back flange 13 are selected according to actual needs, for example, stainless steel, and the pressure-bearing performance is designed according to specific needs, for example, the pressure-bearing performance is designed to be 1 bar negative pressure.

[0033] In addition, in order to improve the sealing performance of the assembly sealing surface of the flange mounting surface 111 and the front flange 12 and the back flange 13, the flange mounting surface 111 also has a sealing groove for setting a sealing member, and the flange mounting surface 111 is sealed and connected to the front flange 12 or the back flange 13 through the cooperation of the sealing member and the sealing groove. As a specific embodiment of the present application, the sealing groove is arranged around the opening at both ends of the shell 11, a sealing ring made of rubber is used as the sealing member, the surface of the sealing ring is cleaned with industrial alcohol and coated with vacuum silicone grease, and then the sealing ring is filled into the sealing groove. After the flange mounting surface 111 is bolted to the front flange 12 or the back flange 13, the sealing ring is extruded and deformed, thereby achieving the sealing effect.

[0034] Further, as shown, Figure 2 The liquid inlet pipe 40 includes an outer Dewar liquid inlet pipe 41 and an inner Dewar liquid inlet pipe 42, the inner Dewar liquid inlet pipe 42 is sealed and fixed on the inner Dewar 20 and communicates with the inside of the inner Dewar 20, the shell 11 of the outer Dewar 10 has a first through hole, the outer Dewar liquid inlet pipe 41 passes through the first through hole and is sealed and fixed together with the first through hole, and is detachably sealed and connected with the inner Dewar liquid inlet pipe 42. As a specific embodiment of the present application, the liquid inlet pipe 40 also includes a first VCR joint 43, and the outer Dewar liquid inlet pipe 41 and the inner Dewar liquid inlet pipe 42 are sealed and connected through the first VCR joint 43. The first VCR joint 43 is made of stainless steel and can withstand low temperature, thereby ensuring that there is no leakage under low temperature working condition. Through this configuration mode, it can be ensured that the outer Dewar liquid inlet pipe 41 and the inner Dewar liquid inlet pipe 42 can still maintain good sealing performance after disassembly and assembly, thereby facilitating the replacement of the inner Dewar 20 according to the test needs, and improving the applicability of the whole test system. In order to facilitate disassembly and assembly, the pipe section of the inner Dewar liquid inlet pipe 42 connected to the inner Dewar 20 is selected to be a hard pipe, and then a section of corrugated hose is connected to facilitate disassembly and assembly, and the corrugated hose is welded with the first VCR joint 43 at the end, and is sealed and connected with the outer Dewar liquid inlet pipe 41 through the first VCR joint 43.

[0035] In order to prevent the liquid inlet pipe 41 from leaking heat during transportation and affecting the measurement result, as shown, Figure 3As shown, the liquid inlet pipe 41 adopts a vacuum sleeve structure, specifically as follows: the outer Dewar liquid inlet pipe 41 includes a radial pipe 411, a vacuum cover 412 sleeved outside the radial pipe 411, and a head 413, the cavity 414 is between the outer wall surface of the radial pipe 411 and the inner wall surface of the vacuum cover 412, the radial pipe 411 has a first end 411a and a second end 411b, the vacuum cover 412 has a third end 412a and a fourth end 412b, the third end 412a has a third through hole on the end surface, the fourth end 412b is an open end, the head 413 is a column with two open ends and has a connecting end 413a and a sealing end 413b, the sealing end 413b has a thread, the connecting end 413a is sleeved on the first end 411a of the radial pipe 411 after being inserted into the third through hole, the outer wall surface of the connecting end 413a is in sealing connection with the third through hole, the inner wall surface of the connecting end 413a is in sealing connection with the outer wall surface of the first end 411a, the second end 411b of the radial pipe 411 is detachably and sealingly connected with the inner Dewar liquid inlet pipe 42 through the first through hole, and the outer wall surface of the fourth end 412b of the vacuum cover 412 is sealingly fixed with the first through hole, so that the cavity 414 is in communication with the vacuum environment inside the outer Dewar 10. When conveying liquid refrigerant, the sealing end 413b of the head 413 is screwed with the external connecting pipe, the liquid refrigerant flows into the inner Dewar liquid inlet pipe 42 through the radial pipe 411, and after the conveying is completed, the sealing end 413b of the head 413 is sealingly connected with the cover through the thread. By this configuration, a vacuum heat insulation environment is provided for the radial pipe 411, effectively reducing the heat leakage of the radial pipe 411 during the conveying of the liquid refrigerant, thereby significantly reducing the conveying loss of the liquid refrigerant, especially the liquid hydrogen, liquid helium and other liquid refrigerants with low boiling point and small latent heat of vaporization, and ensuring the measurement accuracy. As a specific embodiment of the present application, the outer wall surface of the fourth end 412b of the vacuum cover 412 is sealingly welded with the first through hole, the outer wall surface of the connecting end 413a is sealingly welded with the third through hole, the inner wall surface of the connecting end 413a is sealingly welded with the outer wall surface of the first end 411a, and the second end 411b of the radial pipe 411 is sealingly connected with the inner Dewar liquid inlet pipe 42 through the first VCR joint 43.

[0036] In addition, as Figure 2As shown, the exhaust pipe 50 comprises an outer Dewar exhaust pipe 51 and an inner Dewar exhaust pipe 52, the inner Dewar exhaust pipe 52 is sealingly fixed on the inner Dewar 20 and communicates with the inside of the inner Dewar 20, the shell 11 of the outer Dewar 10 has a second through hole, the outer Dewar exhaust pipe 51 passes through the second through hole and is sealingly fixed together with the second through hole, and is sealingly connected with the inner Dewar exhaust pipe 52 in a detachable manner. As a specific embodiment of the present application, the outer wall surface of the outer Dewar exhaust pipe 51 and the wall surface of the second through hole are sealingly welded together, the inner Dewar exhaust pipe 52 is sealingly welded on the inner Dewar 20 and communicates with the inside of the inner Dewar 20, and the exhaust pipe 50 further comprises a second VCR joint 53, the outer Dewar exhaust pipe 51 and the inner Dewar exhaust pipe 52 are sealingly connected through the second VCR joint 53. The second VCR joint 53 is made of stainless steel and can withstand low temperature, so as to ensure that there is no leakage under low temperature working condition. Through this configuration mode, it can be ensured that the outer Dewar exhaust pipe 51 and the inner Dewar exhaust pipe 52 can still maintain good sealing property after disassembly and assembly, so as to facilitate replacement of the inner Dewar 20 according to test needs, and improve the applicability of the whole test system.

[0037] Further, the thermal load test system further comprises a plurality of first aviation plugs 70 and a plurality of second aviation plugs 80, the plurality of first aviation plugs 70 are arranged on the shell 11, and the plurality of second aviation plugs 80 are arranged on the inner Dewar 20. The temperature sensor and the liquid level meter are connected with the external measuring and control instrument of the outer Dewar 10 through the first aviation plug 70 and the second aviation plug 80. As a specific embodiment of the present application, the mounting flange of the first aviation plug 70 is welded on the shell 11 and sealingly connected with the first aviation plug 70 through a KF flange, and the mounting flange of the second aviation plug 80 is welded on the inner Dewar 20 and sealingly connected with the second aviation plug 80 through a CF flange. The inner core needle of the second aviation plug 80 is connected with the signal line of the temperature sensor and the liquid level meter through soldering, the outer core needle is soldered with the inner core needle of the first aviation plug 70 through a lead, and the first aviation plug 70 is connected with the external measuring and control instrument through an external integrated signal cable. This configuration mode is convenient to disassemble and can ensure the sealing property.

[0038] In addition, in order to reduce the radiation heat leakage of the outer Dewar 10 to the inner Dewar 20, such as Figure 2As shown, the heat load test system further comprises a cold shield assembly 90, which comprises a cold shield body 91, a clamp, and a plurality of cold shield hooks 92 arranged on the cold shield body 91. The cold shield body 91 is arranged between the outer dewar 10 and the inner dewar 20, and the plurality of cold shield hooks 92 are fixed on the inner dewar exhaust pipe 52 by the clamp, for transferring the cold energy in the inner dewar exhaust pipe 52 to the cold shield body 91. The cold energy in the inner dewar exhaust pipe 52 is derived from the low-temperature gas generated by the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant medium in the inner dewar 20, which is discharged to the external environment through the inner dewar exhaust pipe 52 and is transferred to the cold shield body 91 through the inner dewar exhaust pipe 52, the clamp and the cold shield hook 92 during the conveying process. Further, the part of the inner dewar exhaust pipe 52 connected with the cold shield hook 92 is a hard pipe, and then a section of corrugated flexible pipe is connected to facilitate disassembly, and the end of the corrugated flexible pipe is welded with a second VCR joint 53, which is sealingly connected with the outer dewar exhaust pipe 51 through the second VCR joint 53. As a specific embodiment of the present application, the cold shield hook 92 is tightly connected with the inner dewar exhaust pipe 52 through the clamp. During installation, low-temperature heat-conducting glue is first applied on the surface of the inner dewar exhaust pipe 52, then a layer of heat-conducting indium sheet is wrapped, and finally the cold shield hook 92 is fastened with the clamp. In addition, the cold shield body 91 is made of polished aluminum alloy material, and is wrapped with multiple layers of thermal insulation material on the side facing the outer dewar 10, so as to further reduce the radiant heat received by the cold shield body 91. At the same time, in order to detect the cooling state of the cold shield body 91, a temperature sensor is attached to the surface of the cold shield body 91.

[0039] Further, the cold shield assembly 90 further comprises a cold shield mounting seat 93 made of thermal insulation non-metallic material, which is connected with the cold shield body 91 at one end and connected with the inner dewar 20 at the other end, for supporting the cold shield body 91 not to be in direct contact with the inner dewar 20. Through this configuration, the conduction heat leakage of the cold shield body 91 to the inner dewar 20 is reduced. Further, the cold shield mounting seat 93 is bolted with the inner dewar 20 and the cold shield body 91 at both ends respectively.

[0040] In addition, the outer dewar 10 further comprises a lifting lug mounting seat 14 and a tool support mounting interface 15. The lifting lug mounting seat 14 is made of stainless steel and is welded on the outer surface of the shell 11, and a threaded hole capable of mounting a lifting ring screw is processed in the center, which is used for lifting, moving and transporting the heat load test system. The tool support mounting interface 15 is arranged on the outer surface of the front flange 12 and the back flange 13, which is used for connecting with the external tool support.

[0041] The test system of the application can be completely disassembled and separated, and one set of outer Dewar 10 can be adapted to multiple sets of inner Dewars 20 of different sizes, installation modes and geometric shapes. The internal structure can be flexibly customized for different forms and sizes of the support to be tested, and the test method remains unchanged. Therefore, the system has strong universality for thermal load testing of support of different sizes, interfaces and quantities, and can reduce the construction period and cost of multiple tests. The installation sequence of the thermal load test system is as follows: first, the support to be tested 30 is installed on the front flange 12 of the outer Dewar 10, then the inner Dewar 20 is installed on the other side of the support to be tested 30 and the screw is tightened, then the shell 11 of the outer Dewar 10 is installed on the front flange 12, after installation, the lead connected to the inner side of the first aviation plug 70 is connected to the lead connected to the outer side of the second aviation plug 80 by soldering and is insulated and protected by a heat shrink tube, then the first VCR joint 43 and the second VCR joint 53 between the inner Dewar 20 and the outer Dewar 10 are connected, the cold shield mounting seat 93 is installed, the cold shield hook 92 is hung on the inner Dewar exhaust pipe 52, the cold shield body 91 is assembled with the cold shield mounting seat 93 and the inner Dewar 20 by screws, then the cold shield hook 92 is fastened with the inner Dewar exhaust pipe 52 by a clamp, and finally the back flange 13 is installed on the shell 11. The disassembly sequence is opposite to the above installation sequence.

[0042] The basic principle of the thermal load test system of the application is to fill the inner Dewar 20 with liquid refrigerant and stand still, and read the liquid level by a liquid level meter. The liquid refrigerant gradually evaporates due to heat conduction and heat leakage of the support to be tested 30 during the standing process, resulting in a decrease in the liquid level. Therefore, the consumption of the liquid refrigerant can be calculated by the change in the liquid level within a certain period of time, the heat required for evaporation of the liquid refrigerant can be calculated according to the latent heat of vaporization of the liquid refrigerant under normal pressure, and finally the average thermal load can be calculated according to the time.

[0043] For the case of using multiple different supports at the same time, the system can also calculate the thermal load of each support by solving multiple sets of test results simultaneously. For example, for a system with two types of support to be tested, support A and support B, three sets of tests can be performed, which are: 1 support A + 3 supports B, 1 support A + 4 supports B, and 4 supports B + 0 supports A. The thermal load test result of the second set of tests minus the thermal load test result of the first set of tests is the thermal load of one support B, the thermal load test result of the second set of tests minus the thermal load test result of the third set of tests is the thermal load of one support A, and the thermal load test result of the third set of tests minus the thermal load of four supports B is the thermal load of other interference heat leakage such as thermal radiation and pipeline heat leakage. This method can more systematically analyze the thermal load distribution of the support structure of the low-temperature system.

[0044] In summary, the application provides a detachable liquid level type heat load test system suitable for various temperature zones, which connects the support to be tested with inner and outer Dewar, transports liquid refrigerant medium to the inner Dewar through the liquid inlet pipe, transports the gas generated by the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant medium to the outside of the outer Dewar through the exhaust pipe, monitors the temperature in the inner Dewar and the liquid storage amount of the liquid refrigerant medium by using the temperature sensor and the liquid level meter, and calculates the average heat load of the support to be tested by the liquid storage amount change in a certain period of time and the latent heat of vaporization of the liquid refrigerant medium under normal pressure. The heat load test system is not limited by the weight of the system itself and the pressure holding condition, is suitable for various temperature zones such as liquefied natural gas, liquid nitrogen, liquid argon, liquid oxygen, liquid hydrogen, liquid helium, etc., the test result is closer to the actual situation, is suitable for supports to be tested of various shapes and sizes, and for heat load test of various supports to be tested, the heat load of each support to be tested can be obtained by the method of simultaneously solving multiple test results, which is convenient for analyzing the heat load distribution of the support to be tested in the actual low-temperature system, at the same time, the test system has no electric equipment, the structure is simple, and the cost is low. Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the application can solve the technical problems of low measurement accuracy, complex system, high cost, large operation difficulty, poor applicability to test temperature zones and support shapes and sizes caused by the influence of the weight of the system itself, the pressure holding of the system itself and the liquid level of the system in the prior art.

[0045] In the description of the application, it should be understood that the orientation words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "transverse, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate and imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection scope of the application; the orientation words "inner, outer" refer to the inner and outer of the contour of each component itself.

[0046] For purposes of the description hereinafter, spatial or directional terms, for example, "above", "below", "upper", "lower", and the like, can be used, and relate to the device as illustrated in the figures. However, it is to be understood that no absolute or relative orientation of the device is intended or implied, unless specifically described as such. Terms concerning attachments, coupling and the like, such as "connected" and "coupled" and the like, are to be construed in accordance with their normal meanings, that is, as referring to an indirect or direct connection or coupling. Any reference to "comprising" or "containing" is to be construed as meaning "comprising or containing, but not limited to". Any reference to "comprising" or "containing" is to be construed as meaning "comprising or containing, but not limited to".

[0047] In addition, it should be pointed out that the use of the terms "first", "second" and the like, to describe various elements, is merely intended to differentiate the elements from one another, and does not connote any special order or order of precedence, unless otherwise specifically indicated. Thus, the use of the terms "first", "second" and the like, is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and is not intended to connote any special order or order of precedence.

[0048] The preferred embodiments herein disclosed are not to be construed as limiting, and the scope of the protection is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A detachable liquid level-type thermal load testing system suitable for multiple temperature zones, characterized in that, The heat load test system comprises an outer Dewar (10), an inner Dewar (20), a support to be tested (30), a liquid inlet pipe (40), an exhaust pipe (50), a vacuum port (60), a temperature sensor and a liquid level gauge; The vacuum port (60) is arranged on the outer Dewar (10), and a vacuum environment is formed by vacuumizing the inside of the outer Dewar (10) through the vacuum port (60), the inner Dewar (20) is arranged in the vacuum environment of the outer Dewar (10), and one end of the support to be tested (30) is connected with the outer Dewar (10) and the other end is connected with the inner Dewar (20); The liquid inlet pipe (40) and the exhaust pipe (50) are communicated with the inside of the inner Dewar (20) through the side wall of the outer Dewar (10), the liquid inlet pipe (40) is used for conveying liquid refrigerant medium into the inner Dewar (20) through the liquid inlet pipe (40), the exhaust pipe (50) is used for conveying the gas generated by evaporation of the liquid refrigerant medium in the inner Dewar (20) to the outside of the outer Dewar (10), the temperature sensor and the liquid level gauge are arranged in the inner Dewar (20), the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature in the inner Dewar (20), and the liquid level gauge is used for monitoring the liquid storage amount of the liquid refrigerant medium in the inner Dewar (20); The outer Dewar (10) comprises a shell (11), a front flange (12) and a back flange (13), both ends of the shell (11) have openings, and the front flange (12) and the back flange (13) are detachably and sealingly connected with both ends of the shell (11) respectively; The liquid inlet pipe (40) comprises an outer Dewar liquid inlet pipe (41) and an inner Dewar liquid inlet pipe (42), and the outer Dewar liquid inlet pipe (41) is detachably and sealingly connected with the inner Dewar liquid inlet pipe (42); The exhaust pipe (50) comprises an outer Dewar exhaust pipe (51) and an inner Dewar exhaust pipe (52), and the outer Dewar exhaust pipe (51) is detachably and sealingly connected with the inner Dewar exhaust pipe (52); Both ends of the support to be tested (30) are bolted with the inner Dewar (20) and the outer Dewar (10) respectively, the inner Dewar (20) and the outer Dewar (10) can be completely detached and separated, and the same set of outer Dewar (10) can be matched with multiple sets of inner Dewar (20) with different sizes, installation modes and geometric shapes to adapt to supports to be tested (30) with different shapes, sizes and quantities.

2. The heat load testing system of claim 1, wherein, The flange mounting surface (111) is provided around the opening at both ends of the shell (11), the flange mounting surface (111) is provided with a bolt hole (111a), and the front flange (12) and the back flange (13) are bolted with the flange mounting surface (111) at both ends of the shell (11) through the bolt hole (111a).

3. The heat load testing system of claim 2, wherein, The flange mounting surface (111) further has a sealing groove for arranging a sealing member, and the flange mounting surface (111) is sealingly connected with the front flange (12) or the back flange (13) through cooperation of the sealing member and the sealing groove.

4. The heat load testing system of claim 3, wherein, The inner Dewar liquid inlet pipe (42) is sealingly fixed on the inner Dewar (20) and communicates with the inside of the inner Dewar (20), the shell (11) of the outer Dewar (10) has a first through hole, and the outer Dewar liquid inlet pipe (41) is sealingly fixed with the first through hole after penetrating through the first through hole.

5. The heat load testing system of claim 4, wherein, The inner Dewar exhaust pipe (52) is sealingly fixed on the inner Dewar (20) and communicates with the inside of the inner Dewar (20), the shell (11) of the outer Dewar (10) has a second through hole, and the outer Dewar exhaust pipe (51) is sealingly fixed with the second through hole after penetrating through the second through hole.

6. The heat load testing system of claim 5, wherein, The outer Dewar liquid inlet pipe (41) comprises a radial pipe (411), a vacuum cover (412) sleeved outside the radial pipe (411), and an end cover (413), a cavity (414) is formed between the outer wall surface of the radial pipe (411) and the inner wall surface of the vacuum cover (412), the radial pipe (411) has a first end (411a) and a second end (411b), the vacuum cover (412) has a third end (412a) and a fourth end (412b), the third end (412a) has a third through hole on the end surface thereof, the fourth end (412b) is an open end, the end cover (413) is a column with two open ends and has a connecting end (413a) and a sealing end (413b), the sealing end (413b) has a screw thread, the connecting end (413a) is sleeved on the first end (411a) of the radial pipe (411) after being inserted into the third through hole, the outer wall surface of the connecting end (413a) is sealingly connected with the third through hole, the inner wall surface of the connecting end (413a) is sealingly connected with the outer wall surface of the first end (411a), the second end (411b) of the radial pipe (411) is detachably sealingly connected with the inner Dewar liquid inlet pipe (42) through the first through hole, and the outer wall surface of the fourth end (412b) of the vacuum cover (412) is sealingly fixed with the first through hole, so that the cavity (414) communicates with the vacuum environment inside the outer Dewar (10).

7. The heat load testing system of claim 6, wherein, The thermal load test system further comprises a plurality of first aviation plugs (70) and a plurality of second aviation plugs (80), the plurality of first aviation plugs (70) are arranged on the shell (11), the plurality of second aviation plugs (80) are arranged on the inner Dewar (20), and the temperature sensor and the liquid level meter are connected with a measurement and control instrument outside the outer Dewar (10) through the first aviation plugs (70) and the second aviation plugs (80).

8. The heat load testing system of claim 7, wherein, The heat load test system further comprises a cold shield assembly (90), which comprises a cold shield body (91), a clamp and a plurality of cold shield hooks (92) arranged on the cold shield body (91), the cold shield body (91) is arranged between the outer Dewar (10) and the inner Dewar (20), and the plurality of cold shield hooks (92) are fixed on the inner Dewar exhaust pipe (52) through the clamp and are used for transferring cold energy in the inner Dewar exhaust pipe (52) to the cold shield body (91).

9. The heat load testing system of claim 8, wherein, The cold shield assembly (90) further comprises a cold shield mounting seat (93) of heat-insulating non-metallic material, one end of the cold shield mounting seat (93) is connected with the cold shield body (91), the other end is connected with the inner Dewar (20), and the cold shield mounting seat (93) is used for supporting the cold shield body (91) not to be in direct contact with the inner Dewar (20).

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