Arc machining flushing liquid diversion and guiding mechanism

Abstract

The present invention discloses a diversion and guiding mechanism for an arc machining flushing liquid, which relates to the field of arc machining technology and includes a shell, an active mechanism, a driven mechanism, a diversion mechanism, and an electrode; the active mechanism is used to drive the driven mechanism; the driven mechanism is used to drive the electrode; a flushing liquid inlet is provided on the shell, a diversion mechanism is provided between the flushing liquid inlet and the top of the electrode, a plurality of through inner holes are provided on the electrode, and the diversion mechanism is used to control the flushing liquid to enter different inner holes. The motor is directly connected to the diversion block for angle control, and the rotation of the diversion block can be more precise and rapid. Part of the internal flushing liquid is diverted to the contact position between the electrode and the workpiece through the guide baffle, thereby enhancing the impact force of the fluid flushing the arc; the lower layer of the guide baffle is made of insulating material to avoid harmful discharge. The diversion and guiding functions both act on the internal flushing liquid. A reasonable and effective control scheme for the internal flushing liquid can help the arc technology be put into practice in complex morphology processing and prevent harmful arc columns from damaging the workpiece and the electrode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of arc machining technology, and in particular to a flushing liquid diversion and guiding mechanism for arc machining. Background Art

[0002] High-speed arc discharge technology is an efficient processing method that uses the high energy of an electric arc to melt and remove conductive materials. To prevent the arc column from staying at a certain point for a long time and causing burns to the workpiece, scholars have proposed three methods: electrical arc breaking, mechanical arc breaking, and fluid dynamic arc breaking. Among them, fluid dynamic arc breaking uses high-speed fluid to impact the area between the electrode and the workpiece, thereby stretching or even breaking the arc column. When machining curved surfaces, except when the electrode is perpendicular to the workpiece surface, the internal flushing fluid often cannot reach the area where the arc column resides. The external flushing fluid is limited by distance, and not only will the fluid impact intensity be weakened, but it may not necessarily impact the discharge position accurately. External flushing fluids in different directions may also offset each other's flushing strength. Therefore, when machining curved surfaces, both internal and external flushing fluids cannot guarantee the effect of fluid dynamic arc breaking, which in turn affects machining efficiency and workpiece surface quality.

[0003] According to patent search, Gu Lin et al. disclosed an arc discharge machining flushing area control system in patent CN108655519A, which includes a controllable electrode device for the flushing area, a machine tool tool holder flushing interface, a spindle base, a control unit, an interface between the machine tool CNC system and the control unit, and a working fluid supply unit. During the machining process, the direction of the adjustment ring is controlled by the switch of the electromagnet, and the internal flushing liquid rushes to the machining area through the notch position of the adjustment ring, so that the position of the flushing area is consistent with the machining feed direction, ensuring that the fluid dynamic arc is broken. The disadvantage of this invention is that the magnetic control control ring is unstable in steering, the small attraction of the electromagnet for magnetic materials makes it difficult to achieve the goal of sensitive control, and the high-speed and high-pressure internal flushing liquid impacting the end face of the adjustment ring will also cause increased friction, weakening the effect of magnetic attraction.

[0004] According to patent searches, Xu Hui et al. disclosed an arc discharge internal and external flushing toolholder device and processing equipment in patent CN111496332A. The internal flushing liquid flows along the internal flushing liquid flow channel between the lower end face of the electrode and the workpiece, while the external flushing liquid is sprayed along the external flushing liquid flow channel between the side of the electrode and the workpiece, ensuring that the processing area between the electrode and the workpiece is affected by the flushing liquid, enabling the equipment to combine the functions of plane milling and side milling. However, in actual processing, the direction of movement of the internal flushing liquid is from the inner circle of the bottom surface of the electrode to the outer circle, while the direction of movement of the external flushing liquid is from the side wall and outer circle of the electrode to the inner circle of the bottom surface. The combined effect of the internal and external flushing liquids will offset the arc-breaking effect of the flushing liquid. If only the internal flushing liquid is activated, the flushing mode is no different from the traditional arc machining flushing mode. If only the external flushing liquid is activated, the flushing effect is greatly dependent on the flushing angle and distance. The nozzle must be accurately aligned with the contact point between the electrode and the workpiece. Flushing liquid from a long distance will reduce the fluid velocity, and flushing liquid from a close distance will easily cause interference between the nozzle and the workpiece.

[0005] In order to ensure that the arc can reach the discharge position when processing complex surfaces, it is necessary to effectively control the distribution and direction of the flushing liquid to improve the surface quality and enhance the processing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an arc machining flushing liquid diversion and guiding mechanism, which effectively and quickly controls the internal flushing liquid flow distribution by controlling the diversion block through a motor, and guides the flushing liquid direction through a guide baffle to flush the processing position, thereby achieving the purpose of effectively controlling the flushing liquid distribution and direction.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides an arc machining flushing liquid diversion and guiding mechanism, comprising a shell, an active mechanism, a driven mechanism, a diversion mechanism and an electrode; the active mechanism is used to drive the driven mechanism; the driven mechanism is used to drive the electrode; a flushing liquid inlet is provided on the shell, the diversion mechanism is provided between the flushing liquid inlet and the top of the electrode, a plurality of through inner holes are provided on the electrode, and the diversion mechanism is used to control the flushing liquid to enter different inner holes.

[0009] Optionally, the shell includes an upper shell, a middle shell and a lower shell; the bottom of the upper shell is detachably connected to the top of the middle shell, the bottom of the middle shell is detachably connected to the top of the lower shell, and the flushing inlet is arranged on the upper shell; the electrode extends from the bottom of the lower shell.

[0010] Optionally, the active mechanism includes a tool handle, an insulating sleeve, a driving shaft, a first rolling bearing and a boss gear; the upper part of the tool handle is connected to the machine tool spindle, the lower part of the tool handle is provided with the driving shaft, the insulating sleeve is provided between the tool handle and the driving shaft, the first rolling bearing is provided between the driving shaft and the inner wall of the shell, the boss gear is provided at the bottom of the first rolling bearing, and the boss gear is transmission-connected to the driven mechanism.

[0011] Optionally, the driven mechanism includes a second rolling bearing, a driven shaft, a skeleton oil seal, a third rolling bearing, a cylindrical gear, a bushing, a tapered roller bearing, an ER chuck and an ER nut; the driven shaft is a hollow shaft, and the skeleton oil seal, the third rolling bearing, the cylindrical gear, the bushing and the tapered roller bearing are arranged on the outer wall of the driven shaft from top to bottom in sequence, the top of the skeleton oil seal is located below the flushing inlet, the oil seal is used to seal the gap between the driven shaft and the housing, and the cylindrical gear is connected to the active mechanism in transmission; the electrode is connected to the driven shaft through the ER chuck and the ER nut.

[0012] Optionally, a tightening screw is further provided between the driven shaft and the electrode, and the tightening screw passes through the side wall of the driven shaft and is screwed into the side wall of the electrode.

[0013] Optionally, the diversion mechanism includes a motor, a motor support frame, a coupling, a diversion block, a fourth rolling bearing and an oil seal; the motor is arranged on the housing through the motor support frame, the output shaft of the motor is connected to the diversion block through the coupling, the fourth rolling bearing and the oil seal are arranged between the diversion block and the housing, and the oil seal is used to seal the gap between the diversion block and the housing.

[0014] Optionally, the cross section of the diverter block is circular, and a flow port or a flow groove is provided on one side of the diverter block, and the flow port or the flow groove passes through the diverter block.

[0015] Optionally, it also includes a guiding mechanism, which includes an upper layer of a guide baffle, a flange cover, a fifth rolling bearing, a middle layer of a guide baffle and a lower layer of a guide baffle; the outer ring of the fifth rolling bearing is connected to the shell, the upper layer of the guide baffle is detachably connected to the inner ring of the fifth rolling bearing through the flange cover, one end of the middle layer of the guide baffle is connected to one side of the upper layer of the guide baffle, the other end of the middle layer of the guide baffle is connected to the upper end of the lower layer of the guide baffle, and the lower end of the lower layer of the guide baffle maintains a certain distance from the bottom of the electrode.

[0016] Optionally, the lower end of the lower layer of the guide baffle maintains a distance of 0.5 mm from the bottom of the electrode.

[0017] Optionally, a fixing mechanism is further included, which includes an X-direction adjustment bracket, a Y and Z-direction adjustment bracket and an insulating plate; one end of the X-direction adjustment bracket is connected to the machine tool tool holder, the other end of the X-direction adjustment bracket is connected to the upper end of the Y and Z-direction adjustment bracket, the lower end of the Y and Z-direction adjustment bracket is connected to the shell, and the insulating plate is arranged between the Y and Z-direction adjustment bracket and the shell.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0019] 1. The angle is controlled by directly connecting the motor to the shunt block, which can accurately control the angle and make the rotation of the shunt block more accurate and faster.

[0020] 2. Part of the internal flushing liquid is diverted to the contact position between the electrode and the workpiece through the guide baffle, thereby enhancing the impact force of the fluid flushing the arc; the lower layer of the guide baffle is made of insulating material, which will not discharge even if it contacts the workpiece during the processing, avoiding harmful discharge.

[0021] 3. In actual processing, the internal flushing liquid makes the most important contribution to fluid dynamic arc breaking due to its high flow rate and high pressure. Therefore, compared with the combination of internal and external flushing liquids, the diversion and guiding functions of the present invention both act on the internal flushing liquid. The reasonable and effective control scheme of the internal flushing liquid can help the arc technology to be practiced in complex morphology processing and prevent harmful arc columns from damaging the workpiece and electrode. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the arc machining flushing liquid diversion and guide mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a partial enlarged structural diagram of the A portion of the arc machining flushing liquid diversion and guide mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a partial enlarged structural diagram of position B of the arc machining flushing liquid diversion and guiding mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a partial enlarged structural schematic diagram of position C of the arc machining flushing liquid diversion and guiding mechanism of the present invention.

[0027] Explanation of the accompanying symbols: 1. Tool handle; 2. Insulating sleeve; 3. Driving shaft; 4. First rolling bearing; 5. Upper shell; 6. Boss gear; 7. Middle shell; 8. Lower shell; 9. Middle layer of guide baffle; 10. Lower layer of guide baffle; 11. X-direction adjustment bracket; 12. Y and Z-direction adjustment bracket; 13. Motor; 14. Motor support frame; 15. Coupling; 16. Diverter block; 17. Insulating plate; 18. Flushing inlet; 19. Cylindrical gear; 20. Bushing; 21. Tapered roller bearing; 22. ER chuck; 23. ER nut; 24. Electrode; 25. Fourth rolling bearing; 26. Oil seal; 27. Second rolling bearing; 28. Driven shaft; 29. ​​Skeleton oil seal; 30. Third rolling bearing; 31. Upper layer of guide baffle; 32. Tightening screw; 33. Flange cover; 34. Fifth rolling bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides an arc machining flushing liquid diversion and guiding mechanism, including a shell, an active mechanism, a driven mechanism, a diversion mechanism and an electrode 24; the active mechanism is used to drive the driven mechanism; the driven mechanism is used to drive the electrode 24; a flushing liquid inlet 18 is provided on the shell, and a diversion mechanism is provided between the flushing liquid inlet 18 and the top of the electrode 24, and a plurality of through inner holes are provided on the electrode 24, and the diversion mechanism is used to control the flushing liquid to enter different inner holes.

[0030] In this specific embodiment, the shell includes an upper shell 5, a middle shell 7 and a lower shell 8; the bottom of the upper shell 5 is connected to the top of the middle shell 7 by screws, and the bottom of the middle shell 7 is connected to the top of the lower shell 8 by screws. Two stepped holes are provided in parallel in the upper shell 5, the active mechanism is located in one stepped hole, and the driven mechanism is located in the other stepped hole. The flushing inlet 18 is provided on the upper shell 5 and is connected to the other stepped hole. The electrode 24 extends from the bottom of the lower shell 8.

[0031] The active mechanism includes a tool handle 1, an insulating sleeve 2, a driving shaft 3, a first rolling bearing 4 and a boss gear 6; the upper part of the tool handle 1 is connected to the main shaft of the machine tool, and the lower part of the tool handle 1 is provided with the driving shaft 3, and an insulating sleeve 2 is provided between the tool handle 1 and the driving shaft 3. The insulating sleeve 2 serves to electrically insulate the tool handle 1 from the driving shaft 3 to prevent the discharge process from affecting the machine tool; a pair of first rolling bearings 4 are provided between the driving shaft 3 and the inner wall of the shell, and are limited by an outer retaining ring. The first rolling bearing 4 is placed in the bearing seat position of the upper shell 5 to fix the position of the driving shaft 3; a boss gear 6 is provided at the bottom of the first rolling bearing 4, and the boss gear 6 is connected to the driven mechanism through a flat key, and an outer retaining ring is provided at the bottom of the driving shaft 3 to limit the boss gear 6.

[0032] The driven mechanism includes a second rolling bearing 27, a driven shaft 28, a skeleton oil seal 29, a third rolling bearing 30, a cylindrical gear 19, a sleeve 20, a tapered roller bearing 21, an ER collet 22, an ER nut 23, and a tightening screw 32. The driven shaft 28 is hollow, and the skeleton oil seal 29, the third rolling bearing 30, the cylindrical gear 19, the sleeve 20, and the tapered roller bearing 21 are arranged on its outer wall, from top to bottom. The top of the skeleton oil seal 29 is located below the flushing inlet 18. The oil seal 26 seals the gap between the driven shaft 28 and the housing. The cylindrical gear 19 is in transmission connection with the driving mechanism. The electrode 24 is connected to the driven shaft 28 via the ER collet 22 and the ER nut 23. The tightening screw 32 passes through the side wall of the driven shaft 28 and is screwed into the side wall of the electrode 24.

[0033] The outer ring of the second rolling bearing 27 fits with the inner hole of the driven shaft 28, and the inner ring fits with the outer ring of the diverter block 16; the outer rings of the skeleton oil seal 29 and the third rolling bearing 30 are embedded in the upper shell 5, and the inner ring is inserted into the outer side of the driven shaft 28 and limited by the outer retaining ring; the cylindrical gear 19 is pushed from bottom to top to the shoulder of the driven shaft 28 and driven by the flat key. The sleeve 20 is cushioned between the cylindrical gear 19 and the rolling bearing, and the inner ring of the rolling bearing fits with the transmission shaft, and the outer ring fits with the middle shell 7; the ER chuck 22 clamps the electrode 24, is embedded in the ER nut 23, and is tightened and fixed in the threaded section of the driven shaft 28. The tightening screw 32 is screwed into the threaded hole of the driven shaft 28, and its conical end face presses against the tapered groove of the electrode 24, pressing the electrode 24 upward against the internal step of the driven shaft 28.

[0034] The diversion mechanism includes a motor 13, a motor support frame 14, a coupling 15, a diversion block 16, a fourth rolling bearing 25, and an oil seal 26. The motor 13 is mounted on the housing via the motor support frame 14. The output shaft of the motor 13 is connected to the diversion block 16 via the coupling 15. A fourth rolling bearing 25 and an oil seal 26 are provided between the diversion block 16 and the housing. The oil seal 26 is used to seal the gap between the diversion block 16 and the housing. The oil seal 26 is installed from the top into the boss of the diversion block 16, and the diversion block 16 is installed from the bottom up into the upper housing 5. The fourth rolling bearing 25 is installed from the top into the diversion block 16, using the upper housing 5 as a bearing seat and being retained by an outer retaining ring. One end of the coupling 15 is connected to the diversion block 16, and the other end is connected to the motor 13. One end of the motor support frame 14 is fixed to the motor 13 via screws, and the other end is fixed to the upper housing 5 via screws. The cross section of the diverter block 16 is circular. A flow port or flow groove is provided on one side of the diverter block 16 . The flow port or flow groove passes through the diverter block 16 .

[0035] The arc machining flushing liquid diversion and guiding mechanism in this embodiment also includes a guiding mechanism, which includes a guide baffle upper layer 31, a flange cover 33, a fifth rolling bearing 34, a guide baffle middle layer 9 and a guide baffle lower layer 10; the outer ring of the fifth rolling bearing 34 is connected to the shell, and the guide baffle upper layer 31 is detachably connected to the inner ring of the fifth rolling bearing 34 through the flange cover 33, one end of the guide baffle middle layer 9 is connected to one side of the guide baffle upper layer 31, and the other end of the guide baffle middle layer 9 is connected to the upper end of the guide baffle lower layer 10, and the lower end of the guide baffle lower layer 10 maintains a distance of 0.5 mm from the bottom of the electrode 24.

[0036] The inner ring of the fifth rolling bearing 34 is fitted with the upper layer 31 of the guide baffle, and the outer ring is fitted with the lower shell 8, and both the inner and outer rings are limited by retaining rings; the flange cover 33 is fixed to the upper layer 31 of the guide baffle by screws, and together with the outer retaining ring, clamps the inner ring of the fifth rolling bearing 34; the middle layer 9 of the guide baffle is fixed to the upper layer 31 of the guide baffle by short screws; the lower layer 10 of the guide baffle is connected to the middle layer 9 of the guide baffle by bolts and nuts.

[0037] The arc machining flushing liquid diversion and guiding mechanism in this embodiment also includes a fixing mechanism, which includes an X-direction adjustment bracket 11, a Y and Z-direction adjustment bracket 12 and an insulating plate 17; one end of the X-direction adjustment bracket 11 is connected to the machine tool handle 1, and the other end of the X-direction adjustment bracket 11 is connected to the upper end of the Y and Z-direction adjustment bracket 12, and the lower end of the Y and Z-direction adjustment bracket 12 is connected to the upper shell 5, and an insulating plate 17 is provided between the Y and Z-direction adjustment bracket 7 and the upper shell 5.

[0038] The X-direction adjustment bracket 11 is fixed to the machine tool handle 1 frame by screws, and is connected to the Y and Z-direction adjustment brackets 12 by bolts and nuts. The insulating plate 17 is placed between the Y and Z-direction adjustment brackets 12 and the upper shell 5, and the three are tightly attached by insulating screws.

[0039] In a more specific embodiment, the first rolling bearing 4 , the second rolling bearing 27 , the third rolling bearing 30 , the fourth rolling bearing 25 , and the fifth rolling bearing 34 are deep groove ball bearings, which mainly function to reduce friction between rotating and non-rotating parts.

[0040] The tapered roller bearing 21 needs to bear radial load and axial load at the same time, and its main function is to reduce friction, bear the gravity of the driven mechanism and the pressure of the flushing fluid on the driven shaft 28.

[0041] The motor support frame 14 is made of insulating material, including but not limited to nylon and resin; the coupling 15 is a claw coupling 15, in which the claw teeth are made of insulating material; therefore, the motor 13 is insulated from the rest of the mechanism to prevent damage to the motor 13 caused by potential changes during the arc discharge process.

[0042] The main structure of the diverter block 16 is crescent-shaped, that is, the diverter block 16 is a round rod-shaped structure, and a circular arc-shaped groove is provided on one side of the diverter block 16. The cross-section of the diverter block 16 is a structure shaped like a partial lunar eclipse. Most of the flushing liquid flows from the circular arc-shaped groove to the electrode 24. A plurality of through holes are opened inside the rotating electrode 24. When the diverter block 16 rotates around the central axis, the flushing liquid enters different holes of the electrode 24, which plays a role in controlling the flow distribution.

[0043] The middle layer 9 of the guide plate has a long hole extending in the Z direction. When the electrode 24 is worn out and becomes shorter, the fixing position of the short screw can be moved downward. By shortening the length of the guide mechanism, a smaller gap is maintained between the lower layer 10 of the guide baffle and the electrode 24, thereby maintaining a higher flushing pressure.

[0044] The shape of the guide plate lower layer 10 is consistent with the shape of the electrode 24. The electrode 24 has a spherical end surface, and the guide plate lower layer 10 is hemispherical and maintains a distance of 0.5 mm from the end surface of the electrode 24. The electrode 24 can also be made into a flat bottom or an irregular end surface.

[0045] The insulating plate 17 is made of insulating material, including but not limited to acrylic and nylon; the insulating screws passing through the insulating plate 17 are made of but not limited to nylon and alumina; the machine tool handle 1 connected to the adjustment frame is electrically insulated from the upper shell 5 through the insulating plate 17 and the insulating screws.

[0046] During actual machining, the lower end of the toolholder 1 clamps the insulating sleeve 2 and the driving shaft 3 via a nut, driving them to rotate. The driving shaft 3, through the boss gear 6 at its lower end, meshes with the cylindrical gear 19 on the driven shaft 28 for transmission. Because the ER chuck 22 and ER nut 23 secure the electrode 24 to the bottom of the driven shaft 28, the electrode 24 also rotates synchronously, achieving the effect of mechanical arc breaking. Before machining, the most suitable flushing liquid distribution is determined based on the different shapes of the workpiece. During machining, pulse instructions are given to the motor 13 to control the output angle. Its output end drives the diverter block 16 to rotate a certain angle through the coupling 15. High-speed flushing liquid enters through the flushing liquid inlet 18 and fills the cavity of the upper shell 5. It then flows through the diverter block 16 to the upper end face of the electrode 24 and flows downstream through the inner hole of the electrode 24 into the area between the electrode 24 and the workpiece, achieving the effect of fluid arc breaking. When the electrode 24 and the workpiece are processed at a certain angle, the lower layer 10 of the guide baffle will wrap around part of the electrode 24, forming a relatively closed space together with the workpiece, guiding the fluid to rush toward the processing area, playing the role of fluid arc breaking.

[0047] Compared with the electromagnet control scheme, the present invention adopts the method of directly connecting the motor 13 to the shunt block 16 for angle control. Because the angle change of the stepper motor 13 is controlled by the pulse current, applying a suitable pulse signal to it can accurately control the angle, and the transmission of the coupling 15 is more reliable than the magnetic attraction control, so the rotation of the shunt block 16 can be more precise and fast.

[0048] The driving shaft 3 and the driven shaft 28 are parallel to each other, leaving space for the motor 13 so that the central axis of the motor 13 and the central axis of the shunt block 16 can be coaxially driven, making the angle control more precise.

[0049] Gear transmission is adopted between the driving shaft 3 and the driven shaft 28 because gear transmission has higher precision and higher transmission efficiency, and the gear has a longer service life than synchronous belts and works more reliably.

[0050] The interior of the upper shell 5 can be divided into a diversion chamber and a transmission chamber in terms of space; it can be divided into a dry chamber and a wet chamber in terms of the distribution of the flushing liquid; the high-speed flushing liquid enters the diversion chamber from the flushing liquid inlet 18 and fills the diversion chamber, so the diversion chamber is a wet chamber; the openings at both ends of the diversion chamber are respectively closed by the oil seal 26 and the skeleton oil seal 29, so under ideal circumstances, the transmission chamber is a dry chamber and no liquid will enter, so as to prevent the gears and bearings from being exposed to a humid environment for a long time and causing rust, resulting in unsmooth transmission and rotation, and also prevent the motor 13 from burning out due to water ingress.

[0051] In order to prevent the flushing liquid from failing to effectively impact the discharge position when the electrode 24 is discharging in an oblique machining process, the present invention uses a guide baffle to divert part of the internal flushing liquid to the contact position between the electrode 24 and the workpiece, thereby enhancing the impact force of the fluid flushing the arc; the guide baffle is fixed in the lower shell 8 by a rolling bearing, and has one degree of rotational freedom. It can rotate freely with the shape of the workpiece during the machining process, always wrapping the electrode 24 between the lower layer 10 of the guide baffle and the workpiece, and adjusting the gap between the lower layer 10 of the guide baffle and the electrode 24 to an ideal discharge gap, ensuring that the flushing liquid can maintain a large pressure in the gap until it impacts the discharge position, ensuring fluid dynamic arc breaking, and preventing the large space from causing the high-pressure and high-speed flushing liquid to depressurize and slow down; the lower layer 10 of the guide baffle is made of insulating material, and will not discharge even if it contacts the workpiece during the machining process, thereby avoiding harmful discharge.

[0052] In actual processing, the internal flushing liquid makes the most important contribution to fluid dynamic arc breaking due to its high flow rate and high pressure. Therefore, compared with the combination of internal and external flushing liquids, the diversion and guiding functions of the present invention both act on the internal flushing liquid. The reasonable and effective control scheme of the internal flushing liquid can help the arc technology to be practiced in complex morphology processing and prevent harmful arc columns from damaging the workpiece and the electrode 24.

[0053] It should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from all perspectives, the embodiments should be regarded as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. It is intended that all changes that fall within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be included in the present invention, and any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims to which they relate.

[0054] This specification uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. Arc machining flushing liquid diversion and guiding mechanism, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell, an active mechanism, a driven mechanism, a diversion mechanism and an electrode; the active mechanism is used to drive the driven mechanism; the driven mechanism is used to drive the electrode; the shell is provided with a flushing liquid inlet, the diversion mechanism is provided between the flushing liquid inlet and the top of the electrode, the electrode is provided with a plurality of through inner holes, and the diversion mechanism is used to control the flushing liquid to enter different inner holes; The diversion mechanism includes a motor, a motor support frame, a coupling, a diversion block, a fourth rolling bearing and an oil seal; the motor is arranged on the housing through the motor support frame, the output shaft of the motor is connected to the diversion block through the coupling, the fourth rolling bearing and the oil seal are arranged between the diversion block and the housing, and the oil seal is used to seal the gap between the diversion block and the housing; It also includes a guiding mechanism, which includes a lower layer of a guiding baffle. The lower end of the lower layer of the guiding baffle maintains a certain distance from the bottom of the electrode, and the lower layer of the guiding baffle can wrap part of the electrode.

2. The arc machining flushing liquid diversion and guiding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell includes an upper shell, a middle shell and a lower shell; the bottom of the upper shell is detachably connected to the top of the middle shell, the bottom of the middle shell is detachably connected to the top of the lower shell, the flushing inlet is arranged on the upper shell; the electrode extends from the bottom of the lower shell.

3. The arc machining flushing liquid diversion and guiding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active mechanism includes a tool handle, an insulating sleeve, a driving shaft, a first rolling bearing and a boss gear; the upper part of the tool handle is connected to the machine tool spindle, the lower part of the tool handle is provided with the driving shaft, the insulating sleeve is provided between the tool handle and the driving shaft, the first rolling bearing is provided between the driving shaft and the inner wall of the shell, the boss gear is provided at the bottom of the first rolling bearing, and the boss gear is transmission-connected to the driven mechanism.

4. The arc machining flushing liquid diversion and guiding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driven mechanism includes a second rolling bearing, a driven shaft, a skeleton oil seal, a third rolling bearing, a cylindrical gear, a bushing, a tapered roller bearing, an ER chuck and an ER nut; the driven shaft is a hollow shaft, and the skeleton oil seal, the third rolling bearing, the cylindrical gear, the bushing and the tapered roller bearing are arranged on the outer wall of the driven shaft from top to bottom in sequence, the top of the skeleton oil seal is located below the flushing inlet, the oil seal is used to seal the gap between the driven shaft and the housing, and the cylindrical gear is connected to the active mechanism in a transmission manner; the electrode is connected to the driven shaft through the ER chuck and the ER nut.

5. The arc machining flushing liquid diversion and guiding mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: A tightening screw is further provided between the driven shaft and the electrode. The tightening screw passes through the side wall of the driven shaft and is then screwed into the side wall of the electrode.

6. The arc machining flushing liquid diversion and guiding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the diverter block is circular, and a flow groove is provided on one side of the diverter block, and the flow groove passes through the diverter block.

7. The arc machining flushing liquid diversion and guiding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide mechanism also includes an upper layer of a guide baffle, a flange cover, a fifth rolling bearing, and a middle layer of a guide baffle; the outer ring of the fifth rolling bearing is connected to the shell, the upper layer of the guide baffle is detachably connected to the inner ring of the fifth rolling bearing through the flange cover, one end of the middle layer of the guide baffle is connected to one side of the upper layer of the guide baffle, and the other end of the middle layer of the guide baffle is connected to the upper end of the lower layer of the guide baffle.

8. The arc machining flushing liquid diversion and guiding mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lower end of the lower layer of the guide baffle maintains a distance of 0.5 mm from the bottom of the electrode.

9. The arc machining flushing liquid diversion and guiding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a fixing mechanism, which includes an X-direction adjustment bracket, a Y and Z-direction adjustment bracket and an insulating plate; one end of the X-direction adjustment bracket is connected to the machine tool handle bracket, the other end of the X-direction adjustment bracket is connected to the upper end of the Y and Z-direction adjustment bracket, the lower end of the Y and Z-direction adjustment bracket is connected to the shell, and the insulating plate is arranged between the Y and Z-direction adjustment bracket and the shell.

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