An electromagnetic friction coupling used in electric switch machines

Abstract

The present invention discloses an electromagnetic friction coupling for an electric switch, comprising a coupling main structure and an iron core; the coupling main structure comprises a coupling cover, a gear, and a coupling housing connected in sequence; a coupling shaft is pivotally connected to the center of the inner cavity of the coupling main structure; the iron core is pivotally connected to the rear end cavity of the coupling housing; a gear groove is provided in the inner cavity of the gear; an armature is provided in the gear groove; an inner friction plate and an outer friction plate are provided behind the armature; the outer sides of the armature and the outer friction plate are circumferentially linked to the gear groove of the gear; a plurality of spline shoulders are provided at the left end of the coupling shaft; the inner side of the inner friction plate is circumferentially linked to the outer side of the coupling shaft; and an electromagnetic coil is provided in the front end inner cavity of the iron core. The present invention can effectively solve the wear and impact problems of transmission components (inner friction plates and outer friction plates) caused by inertial force after the motor of the electric switch is powered off, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the friction coupling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of railway signal infrastructure, and in particular to an electromagnetic friction coupling applied to an electric switch machine. Background Art

[0002] The electric switch is an important signal infrastructure equipment for railway operation. Its main function is to change the direction of switch opening, ensure the normal operation of the vehicle, correctly reflect the position of the switch, and ensure railway driving safety.

[0003] The friction coupling is an important transmission component of the electric switch. When the required rotational torque of the coupling shaft is less than the torque of the external gear, the torque between the external gear and the coupling shaft is transmitted by the friction force of the inner and outer friction plates in the friction coupling. When the required rotational torque of the coupling shaft is greater than the gear torque, the inner and outer friction plates in the friction coupling will produce relative rotational motion, that is, friction will begin, which plays a role in protecting the motor.

[0004] It should be noted that the friction coupling is used to achieve a transmission connection between the motor gearbox and the ball screw of the switch machine. In the switch machine, the ball screw is used to provide power for the switch machine operation. The coupling shaft controls the torque transmission from the motor to the ball screw. The external gear of the friction coupling mates with the gear of the motor gearbox, and the external gear is connected to the internal gear of the motor gearbox. The motor gearbox provides power, and the gear connection provides power to the friction coupling. The coupling shaft is used to achieve torque transmission between the external gear of the friction coupling and the ball screw.

[0005] The inner and outer friction plates of the existing switch friction coupling are usually provided with pressure by a spring and a compression spring structure to combine the inner and outer friction plates. Since the pressure provided by the spring and the compression spring structure is constant, there is always pressure between the inner and outer friction plates. During the operation of the electric switch, when the motor of the electric switch is powered off, the outer gear continues to rotate under the action of inertia, driving the friction coupling shaft to continue rotating. When the required rotational torque of the coupling shaft is greater than the torque of the outer gear, the friction between the inner and outer friction plates is constant, and the inner and outer friction plates in the friction coupling produce relative rotational motion, that is, friction begins. When the inner and outer friction plates rotate relative to each other, the wear of the inner and outer friction plates will reduce the compression of the spring in the friction coupling, thereby reducing the pressure of the spring, resulting in insufficient friction between the inner and outer friction plates.

[0006] It should be noted that the motor of the electric switch machine provides power for the switch machine, and the motor is connected to the motor gearbox to drive the motor gearbox gear to rotate. The motor gearbox gear is connected to the external gear of the friction coupling (i.e., it is meshed with each other).

[0007] Therefore, the structural design of the existing switch machine friction coupling will cause key components such as the inner friction plate and the outer friction plate in the switch machine to be subjected to additional impact and wear after the electric switch machine motor is powered off, which will have a certain impact on the reliability and stability of the switch machine;

[0008] At present, there is an urgent need to develop a technology that can solve the above technical problems to improve the reliability and stability of the electric switch machine. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic friction coupling for an electric switch machine in view of the technical defects in the prior art.

[0010] To this end, the present invention provides an electromagnetic friction coupling for an electric switch machine, comprising a coupling main structure and an iron core;

[0011] The main structure of the coupling includes a coupling cover, a gear and a coupling housing connected in sequence from front to back;

[0012] A longitudinally distributed coupling shaft is pivotally connected at the center of the inner cavity of the coupling cover, the gear and the coupling housing;

[0013] An iron core is pivotally connected to the rear cavity of the coupling housing;

[0014] A plurality of return springs are arranged around the front end of the coupling housing;

[0015] The inner cavity of the gear is provided with a gear groove;

[0016] An annular armature is provided in the gear groove;

[0017] Directly behind the armature, at least one outer friction plate and at least one inner friction plate are provided;

[0018] The outer friction plates and inner friction plates are installed alternately front and back;

[0019] The outer side of the outer friction plate is linked to the gear groove of the gear in the circumferential direction;

[0020] The left end of the coupling shaft is circumferentially provided with a plurality of spline shoulders protruding outward;

[0021] The first bearing and the second bearing are arranged on the front and rear sides of the spline shoulder;

[0022] The armature, inner friction plate and outer friction plate are arranged on the outer side of the spline shoulder of the coupling shaft;

[0023] The armature and the inner side of each inner friction plate are respectively connected to the outer side of the coupling shaft in a circumferential direction;

[0024] Front ends of the plurality of return springs are in contact with the rear side of the rearmost inner friction plate or outer friction plate;

[0025] An electromagnetic coil is arranged in the front end inner cavity of the iron core.

[0026] Preferably, the inner cavity wall of the coupling cover and the coupling housing are provided with a first bearing and a second bearing respectively;

[0027] The inner rings of the first bearing and the second bearing are connected to the left end and the middle of the coupling shaft.

[0028] Preferably, a plurality of outer protrusions of the outer friction plate are arranged around the outer side of the outer friction plate at equal intervals;

[0029] A plurality of equally spaced limiting grooves are arranged around the inner side of the gear groove;

[0030] A plurality of outer protrusions of the outer friction plate respectively correspond to the positions of the plurality of limit grooves;

[0031] The outer protrusion of each outer friction plate is located in a corresponding limiting groove;

[0032] The shape and size of the outer protrusion of the outer friction plate correspond to the shape and size of the limiting groove.

[0033] Preferably, a plurality of armature inner protrusions are arranged around the inner side of the central through hole of the armature at equal intervals;

[0034] There is an armature notch between any two adjacent armature inner protrusions;

[0035] A plurality of inner friction plate inner protrusions are arranged around the inner side of the central through hole of the inner friction plate at equal intervals;

[0036] There is an inner friction plate notch between any two adjacent inner protrusions;

[0037] Multiple spline shoulders correspond to multiple inner friction plate notch positions;

[0038] Each spline shoulder is located in an inner friction plate notch and an armature notch respectively;

[0039] The shape and size of each spline shoulder correspond to the shape and size of the inner friction plate gap and the armature gap.

[0040] Preferably, a coupling shaft spline hole is provided on the inner side of the front end of the coupling shaft;

[0041] The spline hole of the coupling shaft is used to connect to the external transmission mechanism;

[0042] The iron core is fixed on the bottom shell of the electric switch machine.

[0043] Preferably, the coupling cover is fixedly connected to the gear and the coupling housing by a plurality of screws;

[0044] A plurality of first screw through holes are evenly spaced around the edges of the connector cover;

[0045] The gear is provided with a second screw through hole at a position corresponding to each first screw through hole on the connector cover;

[0046] The coupling housing is provided with a threaded connection hole at a position corresponding to each first screw through hole on the coupling cover;

[0047] Each screw passes through the first screw through hole and the second screw through hole at the corresponding position in sequence, and is connected to a corresponding threaded connection hole.

[0048] Preferably, an annular spring washer and a flat washer are provided between the nut of each screw and the front side of the connector cover;

[0049] Spring washers and flat washers are put on the screw rod of the screw;

[0050] The nuts of the multiple screws and the front side of the connector cover are provided with a first O-ring;

[0051] The first O-type sealing ring is respectively provided with a screw through hole at a position corresponding to the screw of each screw;

[0052] A second O-ring is provided between the rear side of the gear and the front side of the coupling housing;

[0053] The second O-type sealing ring is provided with a screw through hole at a position corresponding to the screw of each screw;

[0054] Each screw passes through the first screw hole on the corresponding connector cover, the screw hole on the first O-ring, the second screw hole on the gear and the screw hole on the second O-ring in sequence, and is connected to a corresponding threaded connection hole on the connector housing.

[0055] Preferably, the front end of the coupling housing is circumferentially provided with a plurality of return spring mounting holes with front side openings;

[0056] A return spring is provided in each return spring installation hole;

[0057] The inner cavity wall of the coupling cover is provided with a first bearing mounting step hole;

[0058] The inner cavity wall of the coupling housing is provided with a second bearing mounting step hole;

[0059] The first bearing mounting step hole and the second bearing mounting step hole are respectively provided with a first bearing and a second bearing;

[0060] An annular skeleton sealing ring is provided at the front end of the inner cavity of the connector cover;

[0061] The skeleton sealing ring is located outside the front end of the coupling shaft;

[0062] The skeleton sealing ring is located in front of the first bearing.

[0063] Preferably, the front end of the iron core is provided with a cylindrical, hollow iron core stepped shaft;

[0064] The inner side of the iron core stepped shaft has a cylindrical separation ring;

[0065] The inner side of the separation ring is the inner cavity for accommodating the coupling shaft;

[0066] The space between the separation ring and the iron core stepped shaft is a cavity for accommodating the electromagnetic coils distributed around it;

[0067] an electromagnetic coil located in the electromagnetic coil accommodating cavity of the iron core;

[0068] The rear end of the coupling shaft is located in the coupling shaft accommodating inner cavity;

[0069] The rear end cavity of the coupling housing is a cavity that is open on the right side;

[0070] The iron core stepped shaft extends into the rear end cavity of the connector housing.

[0071] Preferably, the core stepped shaft at the front end of the core is clearance-fitted with the rear end cavity of the connector housing;

[0072] The coupler shaft accommodates the inner cavity and is clearance-fitted with the rear end of the coupler shaft.

[0073] It can be seen from the technical solution provided by the present invention that, compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an electromagnetic friction coupling applied to an electric switch machine. Its structural design is scientific, and it can overcome the shortcomings of the existing friction coupling, realize electronic control, and effectively solve the wear and impact problems of transmission components (such as inner friction plates and outer friction plates) caused by the influence of inertia force after the motor of the electric switch machine is powered off. The present invention uses electromagnetic force to replace the function of the spring in the existing friction coupling to provide pressure, effectively reducing the wear between the inner friction plate and the outer friction plate, which is beneficial to improving the stability and reliability of the friction coupling, meeting the safety and efficiency requirements during the operation of the switch machine, and has important production practical significance.

[0074] The electromagnetic friction coupling provided by the present invention and applied to the electric switch machine also has the advantages of stable structure, exquisite and ingenious appearance, and convenient operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0075] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an electromagnetic friction coupling applied to an electric switch provided by the present invention;

[0076] Figure 2 A side view of an electromagnetic friction coupling applied to an electric switch provided by the present invention;

[0077] Figure 3 A front view of an electromagnetic friction coupling applied to an electric switch provided by the present invention;

[0078] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded view of an electromagnetic friction coupling applied to an electric switch provided by the present invention;

[0079] Figure 5 A full cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic friction coupling applied to an electric switch provided by the present invention;

[0080] Figure 6a A front view of a friction coupling cover of an electromagnetic friction coupling used in an electric switch provided by the present invention;

[0081] Figure 6b A cross-sectional view of a friction coupling cover in an electromagnetic friction coupling for an electric switch provided by the present invention;

[0082] Figure 7a A front view of a friction coupling housing of an electromagnetic friction coupling used in an electric switch provided by the present invention;

[0083] Figure 7b A cross-sectional view of a friction coupling housing in an electromagnetic friction coupling for an electric switch provided by the present invention;

[0084] Figure 8a This is a front view of a gear half structure in an electromagnetic friction coupling used in an electric switch provided by the present invention;

[0085] Figure 8b To follow Figure 8a A cross-sectional view taken along line AA is shown;

[0086] Figure 9a A front view of a coupling shaft in an electromagnetic friction coupling for an electric switch provided by the present invention;

[0087] Figure 9b To follow Figure 9a A cross-sectional view taken along line BB is shown;

[0088] Figure 10This is a front view of an outer friction plate in an electromagnetic friction coupling used in an electric switch provided by the present invention;

[0089] FIG11 is a front view of an inner friction plate of an electromagnetic friction coupling applied to an electric switch provided by the present invention;

[0090] Figure 12a A cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic coil in an electromagnetic friction coupling for an electric switch provided by the present invention;

[0091] Figure 12b A side view of an electromagnetic coil in an electromagnetic friction coupling for an electric switch provided by the present invention;

[0092] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an electromagnetic coil in an electromagnetic friction coupling for an electric switch provided by the present invention;

[0093] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an armature in an electromagnetic friction coupling for an electric switch provided by the present invention;

[0094] In the figure, 1-gear, 2-coupler housing, 3-coupler cover, 4-coupler shaft, 5-iron core;

[0095] 6-electromagnetic coil, 7-external friction plate, 8-inner friction plate, 9-armature, 1001-first bearing, 1002-second bearing;

[0096] 11-return spring, 121-first O-type sealing ring, 122-second O-type sealing ring, 13-screw, 14-spring washer, 15-flat washer;

[0097] 16-Skeleton sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0098] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0099] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0100] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0101] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0102] See also Figures 1 to 14 The present invention provides an electromagnetic friction coupling for an electric switch, comprising a coupling main body structure and an iron core 5;

[0103] The main structure of the coupling includes a coupling cover 3, a gear 1 and a coupling housing 2 connected in sequence from front to back;

[0104] A longitudinally distributed coupling shaft 4 is pivotally connected at the center of the inner cavity of the coupling cover 3, the gear 1, and the coupling housing 2 (i.e., the coupling shaft 4 is rotatably disposed at the center of the inner cavity of the coupling cover 3, the gear 1, and the coupling housing 2);

[0105] An iron core 5 is pivotally connected to the rear end cavity 203 of the coupling housing 2 (i.e., the coupling housing 2 is rotatably connected to the iron core 5);

[0106] The front end of the coupling housing 2 is surrounded by a plurality of return springs 11;

[0107] The inner cavity of the gear 1 is provided with a gear groove 101;

[0108] An annular armature 9 is provided in the gear groove 101;

[0109] Directly behind the armature 9, at least one outer friction plate 7 and at least one inner friction plate 8 are provided;

[0110] The outer friction plates 7 and the inner friction plates 8 are installed alternately front and back;

[0111] The outer side of the outer friction plate 7 is circumferentially linked to the gear groove 101 of the gear 1, thereby realizing a circumferentially linked connection between the outer friction plate 7 and the gear 1; it should be noted that the outer side of the outer friction plate 7 is also axially upper-limited connected to the gear groove 101 of the gear 1, and is restricted in the axial movement direction and position by the limit groove 102 on the gear groove 101.

[0112] The left end of the coupling shaft 4 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of spline shoulders 401 protruding outward (for example, four spline shoulders 40 arranged at equal intervals);

[0113] The first bearing 1001 and the second bearing 1002 are arranged on the front and rear sides of the spline shoulder 401;

[0114] The armature 9, the inner friction plate 8 and the outer friction plate 7 are arranged on the outer side of the spline shoulder 401 of the coupling shaft 4;

[0115] It should be noted that the coupling shaft 4 passes through the center hole of the armature 9, the inner friction plate 8 and the outer friction plate 7. The shape and size of the center hole of the armature 9 and the outer friction plate 7 are larger than the shape and size of the coupling shaft 4 with the spline shoulder 401, so that when the coupling shaft 4 rotates, the armature 9 and the outer friction plate 7 will not rotate together. For example, see Figure 9a 、 Figure 9b As shown, the diameter of the central through hole of the armature 9 and the outer friction plate 7 is 2 mm larger than the diameter of the outer arc edge of the spline shoulder 401 .

[0116] The inner sides of the armature 9 and each inner friction plate 8 are respectively connected to the outer sides of the coupler shaft 4 in the circumferential direction; it should be noted that the inner sides of the armature 9 and the inner friction plates 8 are also connected to the spline shoulder 401 of the coupler shaft 4 in the axial upper limit position, and are restricted in the axial movement direction and position by the spline shoulder 401.

[0117] The front ends of the multiple return springs 11 are in contact with the rear side of the inner friction plate 8 or the outer friction plate 7 at the rearmost position (i.e., the rearmost position of the multiple friction plates);

[0118] An electromagnetic coil 6 is provided in the front end inner cavity of the iron core 5 .

[0119] It should be noted that the friction coupling is used to achieve a transmission connection between the motor gearbox and the ball screw of the switch machine. In the switch machine, the ball screw is used to provide power for the switch machine operation. The torque transmission from the motor to the ball screw can be controlled through the coupling shaft. In the present invention, the outer gear of the friction coupling (i.e., gear 1) cooperates with the gear of the motor gearbox of the switch machine. The outer gear is connected to the inner gear of the motor gearbox through transmission. The motor gearbox provides power, and the gear connection provides power to the friction coupling. The coupling shaft 4 is used to achieve the function of torque transmission between the outer gear of the friction coupling (i.e., gear 1) and the ball screw.

[0120] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, the inner cavity wall of the coupling cover 3 and the coupling housing 2 are respectively provided with a first bearing 1001 and a second bearing 1002;

[0121] The inner rings of the first bearing 1001 and the second bearing 1002 are connected to the left end and the middle of the coupling shaft 4; therefore, driven by an external force, the coupling shaft 4 can rotate.

[0122] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, the outer side of the outer friction plate 7 is linked to the gear groove 101 of the gear 1 in the circumferential direction, and the specific structural design is as follows:

[0123] A plurality of outer friction plate outer protrusions 701 (e.g., four) are arranged around the outer sides of the outer friction plate 7 at equal intervals.

[0124] A plurality of equally spaced limiting grooves 102 are arranged around the inner side of the gear groove 101;

[0125] The outer protrusions 701 of the outer friction plate correspond to the positions of the limiting grooves 102 respectively;

[0126] Each outer protrusion 701 of the outer friction plate is located in a corresponding limiting groove 102;

[0127] In a specific implementation, the shape and size of the outer protrusion 701 of the outer friction plate corresponds to the shape and size of the limiting groove 102 .

[0128] In a specific implementation, the outer protrusion 701 of the outer friction plate is in a rectangular shape.

[0129] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, the inner side of the armature 9 and each inner friction plate 8 are respectively connected to the outer side of the coupling shaft 4 in a circumferential direction. The specific structural design is as follows:

[0130] A plurality of armature inner protrusions 901 (e.g., four) are arranged around the inner side of the central through hole of the armature 9 at equal intervals.

[0131] There is an armature notch 902 between any two adjacent armature inner protrusions 801;

[0132] A plurality of inner friction plate inner protrusions 801 (e.g., four) are arranged around the inner side of the central through hole of the inner friction plate 8 and are distributed at equal intervals;

[0133] There is an inner friction plate notch 802 between any two adjacent inner friction plate protrusions 801;

[0134] The plurality of spline shoulders 401 correspond to the plurality of inner friction plate notches 802 and the armature notches 902;

[0135] Each spline shoulder 401 is located in an inner friction plate notch 802 and an armature notch 902 respectively.

[0136] In a specific implementation, the shape and size of each spline shoulder 401 correspond to the shapes and sizes of the inner friction plate notch 802 and the armature notch 902 .

[0137] In a specific implementation, the spline shoulder 401 is located inside the central through hole of the armature 9 and the outer friction plate 7 .

[0138] In a specific implementation, the inner protrusion 901 of the armature and the inner protrusion 801 of the inner friction plate are rectangular in shape.

[0139] It should be noted that the armature 9 , the inner friction plate 8 and the outer friction plate 7 can freely move axially (ie, in the front-to-back direction), such as slide, on the spline shoulder 401 of the coupling shaft 4 .

[0140] It should be noted that, for the present invention, the outer friction plate 7 is installed on the connector shaft 4, and the outer protrusion 701 of the outer friction plate 7 cooperates with the limiting groove 102 on the gear groove 101 of the gear 1, so that the outer friction plate 7 can rotate with the gear 1.

[0141] The inner friction plate 8 and the outer friction plate 7 are alternately installed on the connector shaft 4. The inner friction plate inner protrusion 801 is set at the inner hole of the inner friction plate 8. The inner friction plate inner protrusion 801 cooperates with the spline shoulder 401 of the connector shaft 4, so that the inner friction plate 8 can rotate together with the connector shaft 4.

[0142] It should be noted that a spline shoulder 401 is provided on the coupling shaft 4. The spline shoulder 401 is used to mount the outer friction plate 7, the inner friction plate 8 and the armature 9. The outer friction plate 7 and the inner friction plate 8 are mounted alternately.

[0143] The spline hole of the inner friction plate 8 (i.e., the inner friction plate notch 802) cooperates with the spline shoulder 401 of the coupling shaft 4, so that the inner friction plate 8 rotates together with the coupling shaft 4. The outer friction plate 7, the inner friction plate 8, and the armature 9 can move freely axially on the spline shoulder 401 of the coupling shaft 4. The first bearing 1001 and the second bearing 1002 are installed at both ends of the coupling shaft 4.

[0144] It should be noted that the outer edge protrusion of the outer friction plate 7 (i.e., the outer protrusion 701 of the outer friction plate) is confined within the limiting groove 102 of the gear 1, and can thus rotate with the gear 1. When the coupling shaft 4 rotates, the outer friction plate 7 does not rotate (because the central through hole of the outer friction plate 7 does not engage the spline shoulder 401 of the coupling shaft 4);

[0145] A return spring 11 is installed in the coupling housing 2, and the return spring 11 is in contact with the rearmost friction plate in the gear 1;

[0146] It should be noted that the first bearing 1001 and the second bearing 1002 are mounted on the coupling shaft 4 .

[0147] It should be noted that the axial positioning of the gear 1 , the coupling shaft 4 and the coupling housing 2 can be achieved through the spline shoulder 401 .

[0148] It should be noted that the coupling cover 3 is mounted on the gear 1 to limit the axial position of the first bearing 1001 .

[0149] In the present invention, it should be noted that gear 1 rotates with outer friction plate 7, and coupling shaft 4 rotates with inner friction plate 8. The edge of the protrusion on outer friction plate 7 (i.e., outer protrusion 701 of outer friction plate) can be retained within retaining groove 102 of gear slot 101 of gear 1, allowing outer friction plate 7 to rotate with gear 1. The spline hole in inner friction plate 8 (i.e., inner friction plate notch 802) forms a splined fit with spline shoulder 401 on coupling shaft 4, allowing inner friction plate 8 to rotate with coupling shaft 4.

[0150] In the present invention, it should be noted that the outer friction plates 7, inner friction plates 8, and armature 9 are free to move axially on the coupling shaft 4. A splined shoulder 401 is provided on the coupling shaft 4 to provide axial positioning for the gear 1. A bearing is mounted on each side of the splined shoulder 401. The coupling shaft 4, outer friction plates 7, inner friction plates 8, and gear 1 cooperate with each other to ensure free rotation between the coupling shaft 4 and gear 1.

[0151] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, a coupling shaft spline hole 402 is provided on the inner side of the front end of the coupling shaft 4;

[0152] The coupling shaft spline hole 402 is used to connect to an external transmission mechanism;

[0153] It should be noted that the coupling shaft is used to connect to the ball screw of the switch machine (i.e., the external transmission mechanism) via a key. In the switch machine, the ball screw is used to provide power for the switch machine operation, and the coupling shaft can control the torque transmission from the motor to the ball screw.

[0154] In the present invention, a keyway (ie, a spline hole 402 of the coupler shaft) is provided in the coupler shaft 4 for connecting with the ball screw via a key, and the ball screw provides conversion force for the switch machine.

[0155] It should be noted that the friction coupling is used to achieve the transmission connection between the motor gearbox and the ball screw of the switch machine. In the switch machine, the ball screw is used to provide power for the switch machine operation. The torque transmission from the motor to the ball screw can be controlled through the coupling shaft.

[0156] By applying the present invention, the outer gear (i.e., gear 1) of the friction coupling mates with the gear of the switch machine's motor gearbox. The outer gear is splined to the outer friction plate. The outer friction plate, inner friction plate, and armature are mounted on the friction coupling shaft. The inner friction plate is splined to the coupling shaft, and the coupling shaft is keyed to the ball screw. When the switch machine's motor rotates, the gears of the switch machine's motor gearbox rotate, which in turn drives the outer gear. The outer gear (i.e., gear 1) drives the coupling shaft 4 through the friction between the friction plates, which in turn drives the ball screw located externally, thereby achieving the motor-driven ball screw effect. After the friction coupling receives torque transmitted by the switch machine's reducer, it transmits the torque to the ball screw assembly through adjustable friction. The friction force limits the torque transmitted by the friction coupling, thereby ensuring that the switch machine's motor is not damaged by excessive load.

[0157] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, the coupling cover 3 is fixedly connected to the gear 1 and the coupling housing 2 by a plurality of screws 13 .

[0158] It should be noted that, during installation, the screws 13 are coated with a fastener anti-loosening sealant to prevent the gear 1, the coupling cover 3 and the coupling housing 2 from loosening in a vibration environment.

[0159] In a specific implementation, a plurality of first screw through holes 301 are provided at equal intervals on the edges of the connector cover 3;

[0160] The gear 1 is provided with a second screw through hole at a position corresponding to each first screw through hole on the coupling cover 3;

[0161] The coupling housing 2 is provided with a threaded connection hole at a position corresponding to each first screw through hole on the coupling cover 3;

[0162] Each screw 13 passes through the first screw through hole and the second screw through hole at the corresponding position in sequence, and is connected to a corresponding threaded connection hole.

[0163] In specific implementation, an annular spring washer 14 and a flat washer 15 are provided between the nut of each screw 13 and the front side of the connector cover 3;

[0164] The spring washer 14 and the flat washer 15 are sleeved on the screw rod of the screw 13 .

[0165] In specific implementation, a first O-ring 121 is provided between the nuts of the multiple screws 13 and the front side of the connector cover 3;

[0166] The first O-ring 121 is provided with a screw through hole at a position corresponding to the screw of each screw 13;

[0167] A second O-ring 122 is provided between the rear side of the gear 1 and the front side of the coupling housing 2;

[0168] The second O-ring 122 is provided with a screw through hole at a position corresponding to the screw of each screw 13;

[0169] Each screw 13 sequentially passes through the first screw hole on the corresponding connector cover 3, the screw hole on the first O-ring 121, the second screw hole on the gear 1 and the screw hole on the second O-ring 122, and is connected to a corresponding threaded connection hole on the connector housing 2.

[0170] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, the front end of the coupling housing 2 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of return spring mounting holes 202 with front side openings;

[0171] A return spring 11 is disposed in each return spring mounting hole 202 .

[0172] In a specific implementation, four return spring mounting holes 202 with front side openings are circumferentially provided at the front end of the coupling housing 2 .

[0173] It should be noted that a reset spring 11 is installed on the coupling housing 2. When the coil 6 is de-energized, the electromagnetic force disappears. Under the action of the reset spring 11, the positions of the outer friction plate 7, the inner friction plate 8 and the armature 9 are restored, reducing the wear of the friction plate.

[0174] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, the inner wall of the coupling cover 3 is provided with a first bearing mounting step hole 301;

[0175] The inner wall of the coupling housing 2 is provided with a second bearing mounting step hole 201;

[0176] The first bearing mounting step hole 301 and the second bearing mounting step hole 201 are respectively provided with a first bearing 101 and a second bearing 102 .

[0177] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, two inner friction plates 8 and three outer friction plates 7 are provided directly behind the armature 9;

[0178] The outer friction plates 7 and the inner friction plates 8 are installed alternately front and back.

[0179] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, an annular skeleton sealing ring 16 is provided at the front end of the inner cavity of the coupling cover 3;

[0180] The skeleton sealing ring 16 is located outside the front end of the coupling shaft 4;

[0181] The skeleton sealing ring 16 is located in front of the first bearing 1001. Therefore, the sealing effect of the entire mechanism is guaranteed.

[0182] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, the structure of the electromagnetic coil 6 can be a conventional electromagnetic coil structure. For example, see Figure 12b As shown, the electromagnetic coil 6 includes a laterally distributed wire loop (an insulated wire loop) 600; a plurality of wires are wound around the outer wall of the wire loop 600, and the wires are insulated from each other;

[0183] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, the electromagnetic coil 6 includes a coil frame 601, and the wire loop 600 of the electromagnetic coil 6 is placed in the coil frame 601;

[0184] The front end of the iron core 5 is provided with a cylindrical, hollow iron core stepped shaft 500;

[0185] The inner side of the iron core stepped shaft 500 is provided with a cylindrical separation ring 501;

[0186] Inside the separation ring 501 is the coupling shaft accommodating cavity 502;

[0187] The space between the separation ring 501 and the iron core stepped shaft 500 is a surrounding electromagnetic coil accommodating cavity 503;

[0188] The electromagnetic coil 6 is located in the electromagnetic coil accommodating cavity 503 of the iron core 5;

[0189] The rear end of the coupling shaft 4 is located in the coupling shaft receiving cavity 502;

[0190] The rear end cavity 203 of the coupling housing 2 is a cavity that is open on the right side;

[0191] The iron core stepped shaft 500 extends into the rear end cavity 203 of the connector housing 2 .

[0192] In a specific implementation, the iron core stepped shaft 500 at the front end of the iron core 5 extends into the rear end cavity 203 of the coupler housing 2 and is clearance-fitted with the rear end cavity 203 of the coupler housing 2 .

[0193] In specific implementation, the coupling shaft accommodating inner cavity 501 and the rear end of the coupling shaft 4 are clearance-fitted, that is, the inner diameter of the coupling shaft accommodating inner cavity 501 is larger than the diameter of the rear end of the coupling shaft 4 .

[0194] It should be noted that the electromagnetic coil 6 is fixed in the iron core 5 through a coil frame, the parameters of the electromagnetic coil are determined by the required electromagnetic force, and the lead-out wire end of the electromagnetic coil 6 is wound around the wire ring in a winding ring manner.

[0195] For the electromagnetic coil 6, the wound coil is placed in the coil frame. The number of turns and conductivity of the coil are determined by the electromagnetic force. After the ends of the coil are welded, they are sealed with polyester film, wrapped with separator paper and varnished cloth, and a circle of cable is wrapped around the outermost layer. The coil lead-out wire uses a winding ring. The coil frame is fixed as a whole in the iron core to ensure good insulation between the coil and the iron core. The structure of the electromagnetic coil 6 is an existing conventional electromagnetic coil structure and will not be repeated here.

[0196] It should be noted that the diameter of the iron core stepped shaft 500 of the iron core 5 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the rear end cavity 203 (i.e., the hollow hole) of the connector housing 2 (for example, a gap of 2 mm is retained), and the iron core stepped shaft 500 partially extends into the connector housing 2. The iron core 5 and the iron core stepped shaft 500 do not rotate with the connector housing 2; a wiring groove is provided at the outer edge of the iron core 5 for energizing the electromagnetic coil.

[0197] It should be noted that an electromagnetic coil 6 is installed in the iron core 5, and the electromagnetic coil is fixed in the iron core 5 by a cover plate. The iron core 5 extends into the coupler housing 2 and does not rotate with the coupler shaft 4 (that is, it does not rotate with the main structure of the friction coupler). The iron core 5 is fixed in the electric switch machine.

[0198] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, the iron core 5 is fixed on the bottom shell of the electric switch machine and does not rotate together with the main structure of the friction coupling.

[0199] It should be noted that, in the present invention, the iron core 5 generates electromagnetic force by cooperating with the electromagnetic coil 6 , and the material of the iron core 5 is electromagnetic pure iron.

[0200] In specific implementation, the iron core 5 and the electric switch machine (eg, the bottom shell of the electric switch machine) are connected via a protective cover. Specifically, the iron core is installed in the hollow protective cover, and then the protective cover is connected to the switch machine via bolts.

[0201] It should be noted that when direct current is applied to the electromagnetic coil 6, the iron core 5 generates an electromagnetic force within the electromagnetic coil 6. The electromagnetic coil, made of copper, generates a magnetic field and, when energized, cooperates with the iron core to generate the electromagnetic force. The technical principles for generating electromagnetic force are well known and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0202] In the present invention, after the electromagnetic coil is energized, the iron core 5 generates an electromagnetic force, which produces an attractive force on the armature 9. The armature 9 provides positive pressure to the outer friction plate and the inner friction plate through the electromagnetic force of the iron core 5 (that is, the outer friction plate 7 and the inner friction plate 8 generate pressure to squeeze them in the direction of the electromagnetic coil 6).

[0203] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, the iron core 5 is provided with a wiring hole (i.e., a wiring slot) for energizing the electromagnetic coil 6;

[0204] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, the electromagnetic coil 6 is connected in series with the power supply circuit of the motor of the electric switch machine, thereby ensuring that the electromagnetic coil and the motor of the electric switch machine are energized and de-energized at the same time.

[0205] It should be noted that, in the present invention, when the electromagnetic coil 6 is energized, the iron core 5 generates an electromagnetic force, thereby tightly attracting the armature 9, the outer friction plate 7, and the inner friction plate 8 together. That is, the armature 9 and the inner and outer friction plates on the coupling shaft 4 are tightly pressed together, providing positive pressure between the outer friction plate 7 and the inner friction plate 8, thereby generating friction.

[0206] At this time, when the resistance to the rotation of the coupling shaft 4 is less than the friction between the inner and outer friction plates, the gear 1 rotates, and the friction between the inner and outer friction plates causes the coupling shaft 4 to rotate accordingly. When the resistance to the rotation of the coupling shaft 4 is greater than the friction between the inner and outer friction plates, the gear 1 rotates, but the coupling shaft 4 does not move (i.e., due to insufficient friction, the coupling shaft 4 does not rotate with the inner friction plates, i.e., the friction between the outer friction plates 7 and 8 does not further drive the coupling shaft 4). The inner and outer friction plates then begin to rub against each other (i.e., the inner and outer friction plates will produce relative rotational motion), thereby protecting the motor of the electric switch machine.

[0207] In addition, since the coil and the electric switch are energized and de-energized at the same time, the electromagnetic force disappears when the motor is de-energized, and the friction between the inner friction plates and the outer friction plates disappears. At this time, the gear 1 will not drive the coupling shaft 4 to rotate under the action of the motor inertia (that is, due to insufficient friction, the coupling shaft 4 will not rotate with the inner friction plates), eliminating the influence of the motor inertia rotation on the mechanism, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the electric switch transmission components.

[0208] It should be noted that, in the present invention, the outer friction plate is provided with a center hole for being mounted on the coupler shaft so as to be movable forward and backward; the armature 9 is a circular electric iron ring, which is mounted on the coupler shaft so as to be movable forward and backward, and the armature notch 902 on the armature 9 is clearance-fitted with the spline shoulder 401 on the coupler shaft 4.

[0209] In order to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present invention, the working principle of the present invention is described below.

[0210] The present invention is applied to an electric switch. When the electric switch is working, the motor of the electric switch is energized, and the electromagnetic coil 6 and the motor are energized at the same time, generating electromagnetic force. Under the action of the electromagnetic force, the armature 9 on the coupling shaft 4 generates positive pressure on the outer friction plate 7 and the inner friction plate 8, squeezing the outer friction plate 7 and the inner friction plate 8 toward the direction of the electromagnetic coil 6. When the torque required for the coupling shaft 4 to rotate is less than the torque obtained by the gear 1 (that is, the resistance to the rotation of the coupling shaft 4 is less than the friction between the inner friction plate and the outer friction plate), the gear 1 rotates, and the outer friction plate 7 and the inner friction plate 8 are squeezed toward the electromagnetic coil 6. Friction is generated between the friction plate 7 and the inner friction plate 8, and the coupling shaft 4 obtains torque and rotates. The coupling shaft 4 drives other transmission parts to rotate through the key connection, thereby transmitting torque. When the rotational torque required by the coupling shaft is greater than the torque obtained by the gear 1 (that is, when the resistance to the rotation of the coupling shaft 4 is greater than the friction between the inner and outer friction plates), the gear 1 rotates, the coupling shaft 4 does not move, and the outer friction plate 7 and the inner friction plate 8 rub against each other (that is, the inner and outer friction plates will produce relative rotational motion), which will not cause overload operation of the motor, thereby protecting the motor.

[0211] In addition, when the switch stops, the motor of the electric switch is powered off, and the electromagnetic coil 6 is also powered off, the electromagnetic force disappears, and the outer friction plate 7 and the inner friction plate 8 return to their original state, the friction force decreases, and the inertial motion of the motor only drives the gear 1 to rotate, and does not drive the rotation of the coupling shaft 4 (that is, the friction force between the outer friction plate 7 and the inner friction plate 8 will not further drive the rotation of the coupling shaft 4), thereby eliminating the influence of inertial motion.

[0212] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, the coupler cover 2 and the coupler housing 3 are both made of aluminum; the iron core 5 can be equipped with a base for better fixing in the switch machine;

[0213] In a specific implementation, the armature 9 is a circular electro-iron ring installed in the gear slot 101 of the gear 1, and presses the inner friction plate and the outer friction plate under the action of electromagnetic force.

[0214] In a specific implementation, the armature 9 is made of a material with good magnetic conductivity and high density, such as electric iron;

[0215] In specific implementation, according to the size of the conversion torque, the inner friction plate 7 and the outer friction plate 8 can be made of materials with good magnetic conductivity and wear resistance, which is conducive to generating attraction while increasing the service life of the friction plate.

[0216] Compared with the prior art, the electromagnetic friction coupling provided by the present invention for electric switch has the following beneficial effects:

[0217] 1. The electromagnetic friction coupling of the present invention can replace the existing switch friction coupling. The coil of the electromagnetic friction coupling and the switch are energized and de-energized at the same time, ensuring that when the motor is started, there is friction between the friction plates to transmit torque. When the motor is de-energized, there is no friction between the friction plates. The inertia torque of the motor no longer affects the rotation of the coupling shaft, eliminating the inertia effect of the motor and greatly improving the reliability and safety of the equipment.

[0218] 2 The electromagnetic friction coupling of the present invention has higher controllability and accuracy of friction force because the friction force between the inner and outer friction plates is controlled by electromagnetic force, which avoids the influence of insufficient pressure caused by gap between the inner and outer friction plates due to wear, has better reliability, low maintenance and simple structure.

[0219] To sum up, compared with the existing technology, the electromagnetic friction coupling provided by the present invention is applied to an electric switch machine. Its structural design is scientific, which can overcome the shortcomings of the existing friction coupling, realize electronic control, and effectively solve the wear and impact problems of transmission components (such as inner friction plates and outer friction plates) caused by the influence of inertia force after the motor of the electric switch machine is powered off. The present invention uses electromagnetic force to replace the function of the spring in the existing friction coupling to provide pressure, effectively reducing the wear between the inner friction plate and the outer friction plate, which is beneficial to improving the stability and reliability of the friction coupling, meeting the safety and efficiency requirements during the operation of the switch machine, and has important production practical significance.

[0220] The electromagnetic friction coupling provided by the present invention and applied to the electric switch machine also has the advantages of stable structure, exquisite and ingenious appearance, and convenient operation.

[0221] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic friction coupling applied to an electric switch, characterized in that: It includes a connector main structure and an iron core (5); The main structure of the coupling comprises a coupling cover (3), a gear (1) and a coupling housing (2) connected in sequence from front to back; A longitudinally distributed coupling shaft (4) is pivotally connected at the center of the inner cavity of the coupling cover (3), the gear (1) and the coupling housing (2); An iron core (5) is pivotally connected to the rear end cavity (203) of the connector housing (2); A plurality of return springs (11) are arranged around the front end of the connector housing (2); The inner cavity of the gear (1) is provided with a gear groove (101); An annular armature (9) is provided in the gear groove (101); At least one outer friction plate (7) and at least one inner friction plate (8) are provided directly behind the armature (9); The outer friction plate (7) and the inner friction plate (8) are installed alternately front and back; The outer side of the outer friction plate (7) is linked to the gear groove (101) of the gear (1) in the circumferential direction; The left end of the coupling shaft (4) is circumferentially provided with a plurality of spline shoulders (401) protruding outwards; A first bearing (1001) and a second bearing (1002) are arranged on the front and rear sides of the spline shoulder (401); The armature (9), the inner friction plate (8) and the outer friction plate (7) are arranged outside the spline shoulder (401) of the coupling shaft (4); The armature (9) and the inner side of each inner friction plate (8) are respectively connected to the outer side of the coupling shaft (4) in a circumferential direction; The front ends of the plurality of return springs (11) are in contact with the rear side of the inner friction plate (8) or the outer friction plate (7) at the rear end; An electromagnetic coil (6) is provided in the front end inner cavity of the iron core (5); The electromagnetic coil (6) is connected in series with the motor power supply circuit of the electric switch machine, and is used to ensure that the electromagnetic coil and the motor of the electric switch machine are energized and de-energized synchronously; The gear (1) is linked to the motor of the switch machine and is used to rotate under the drive of the motor in the switch machine.

2. The electromagnetic friction coupling for an electric switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cavity walls of the connector cover (3) and the connector housing (2) are provided with a first bearing (1001) and a second bearing (1002), respectively; The inner rings of the first bearing (1001) and the second bearing (1002) are connected to the left end and the middle of the connector shaft (4).

3. The electromagnetic friction coupling for an electric switch according to claim 1, wherein: A plurality of outer friction plate outer protrusions (701) are arranged around the outer sides of the outer friction plate (7) at equal intervals; A plurality of equally spaced limiting grooves (102) are arranged around the inner side of the gear groove (101); A plurality of outer protrusions (701) of the outer friction plate respectively correspond to the positions of the plurality of limiting grooves (102); Each outer protrusion (701) of the outer friction plate is correspondingly located in a limiting groove (102); The shape and size of the outer protrusion (701) of the outer friction plate correspond to the shape and size of the limiting groove (102).

4. The electromagnetic friction coupling for an electric switch according to claim 1, wherein: A plurality of armature inner protrusions (901) are arranged around the inner side of the central through hole of the armature (9) and are distributed at equal intervals; There is an armature notch (902) between any two adjacent armature inner protrusions (901); A plurality of inner friction plate inner protrusions (801) are arranged around the inner side of the central through hole of the inner friction plate (8) and are distributed at equal intervals; There is an inner friction plate notch (802) between any two adjacent inner friction plate protrusions (801); The plurality of spline shoulders (401) correspond to the positions of the plurality of inner friction plate notches (802); Each spline shoulder (401) is correspondingly located in an inner friction plate notch (802) and an armature notch (902); The shape and size of each spline shoulder (401) correspond to the shape and size of the inner friction plate notch (802) and the armature notch (902).

5. The electromagnetic friction coupling for an electric switch according to claim 1, wherein: A coupling shaft spline hole (402) is provided on the inner side of the front end of the coupling shaft (4); A coupling shaft spline hole (402) for connecting to an external transmission mechanism; The iron core (5) is fixed on the bottom shell of the electric switch machine.

6. The electromagnetic friction coupling for an electric switch according to claim 1, wherein: The coupling cover (3) is fixedly connected to the gear (1) and the coupling housing (2) via a plurality of screws (13); A plurality of first screw through holes (301) are provided at equal intervals on the four edges of the connector cover (3); The gear (1) is provided with a second screw through hole at a position corresponding to each first screw through hole on the connector cover (3); The connector housing (2) is provided with a threaded connection hole at a position corresponding to each first screw through hole on the connector cover (3); Each screw (13) passes through the first screw through hole and the second screw through hole at the corresponding position in sequence, and is connected to a corresponding threaded connection hole.

7. The electromagnetic friction coupling for an electric switch machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: An annular spring washer (14) and a flat washer (15) are provided between the nut of each screw (13) and the front side of the connector cover (3); A spring washer (14) and a flat washer (15) are sleeved on the screw rod of the screw (13); The nuts of the plurality of screws (13) and the front side of the connector cover (3) are provided with a first O-ring (121); The first O-type sealing ring (121) is provided with a screw through hole at a position corresponding to the screw of each screw (13); A second O-ring (122) is provided between the rear side of the gear (1) and the front side of the coupling housing (2); The second O-type sealing ring (122) is provided with a screw through hole at a position corresponding to the screw of each screw (13); Each screw (13) sequentially passes through the first screw through hole on the connector cover (3), the screw through hole on the first O-type sealing ring (121), the second screw through hole on the gear (1), and the screw through hole on the second O-type sealing ring (122) at the corresponding position, and is then connected to a corresponding threaded connection hole on a connector housing (2).

8. The electromagnetic friction coupling for an electric switch according to claim 1, wherein: The front end of the connector housing (2) is circumferentially provided with a plurality of return spring mounting holes (202) with front side openings; A return spring (11) is provided in each return spring mounting hole (202); The inner cavity wall of the connector cover (3) is provided with a first bearing mounting step hole; The inner cavity wall of the connector housing (2) is provided with a second bearing mounting step hole (201); The first bearing mounting step hole and the second bearing mounting step hole (201) are respectively provided with a first bearing (1001) and a second bearing (1002); An annular skeleton sealing ring (16) is provided at the front end of the inner cavity of the connector cover (3); A skeleton sealing ring (16) is located outside the front end of the coupling shaft (4); The skeleton sealing ring (16) is located in front of the first bearing (1001).

9. The electromagnetic friction coupling used for an electric switch machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: A cylindrical, hollow iron core stepped shaft (500) is provided at the front end of the iron core (5); The inner side of the iron core stepped shaft (500) is provided with a cylindrical separation ring (501); The inner side of the separation ring (501) is the coupling shaft accommodating inner cavity (502); The space between the separation ring (501) and the iron core stepped shaft (500) is a surrounding electromagnetic coil accommodating cavity (503); An electromagnetic coil (6) is located in the electromagnetic coil accommodating cavity (503) of the iron core (5); The rear end of the coupling shaft (4) is located in the coupling shaft accommodating inner cavity (502); The rear end cavity (203) of the coupling housing (2) is a cavity with an opening on the right side; The iron core stepped shaft (500) extends into the rear end cavity (203) of the connector housing (2).

10. The electromagnetic friction coupling for an electric switch machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: The iron core stepped shaft (500) at the front end of the iron core (5) is clearance-fitted with the rear end cavity (203) of the connector housing (2); The coupling shaft accommodates the inner cavity (502) and is clearance-fitted with the rear end of the coupling shaft (4).

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