A device and method for treating stale garbage coupled with domestic garbage

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for treating stale garbage coupled with domestic garbage, comprising: a domestic garbage treating mechanism, comprising: an incinerator; an evaporator, connected to the incinerator, used for exchanging heat between water and flue gas to form saturated steam; a stale garbage treating mechanism, comprising: a gasifier, in which the stale garbage generates a gasification reaction under the action of water vapor and hot air to generate new gasified gas; a heat exchanger, connected to the gasifier and the evaporator, used for exchanging heat between the saturated steam generated by the evaporator and the gasified gas generated by the gasifier to form superheated steam; a water vapor generator, connected to the heat exchanger and the gasifier, used for heating water with the superheated steam sent by the heat exchanger to form water vapor, and the water vapor is sent to the gasifier; an air heater, connected to the heat exchanger, the gasifier and the incinerator, used for exchanging heat between the gasified gas sent by the heat exchanger and air to form hot air, the hot air is sent to the gasifier, and the gasified gas is sent to the incinerator. The present invention deeply couples the treatment of stale garbage with the incineration treatment of domestic garbage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of waste incineration treatment technology, and more specifically, relates to a device and method for treating stale waste coupled with domestic waste. Background Art

[0002] The existing method of treating stale garbage is to directly put it into the garbage incinerator for incineration. However, the ash content in stale garbage is relatively high, which easily produces a large amount of fly ash, which will have a huge impact on the flue gas purification part of the garbage incineration process system. At the same time, the current garbage incineration system is almost running at full capacity. If stale garbage is burned, the garbage incinerator will inevitably be required to run at overload, which will shorten the life of the garbage incinerator. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a stale garbage coupled domestic garbage treatment device and method to reduce the impact of directly burning stale garbage in a furnace on the equipment.

[0004] The present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0005] A stale garbage coupled domestic garbage treatment device, comprising:

[0006] Domestic waste disposal institutions, including:

[0007] Incinerator, used to introduce domestic garbage, gasification gas and air for incineration to generate flue gas;

[0008] The domestic waste treatment mechanism further comprises:

[0009] an evaporator, connected to the incinerator, and used for exchanging heat between water and the flue gas to form saturated steam;

[0010] Aged waste disposal agencies, including:

[0011] The gasifier is used to introduce stale garbage, hot air, water vapor and gasification gas. The gasification gas is burned in the gasifier. The stale garbage undergoes a gasification reaction under the action of water vapor and hot air to generate new gasification gas.

[0012] A heat exchanger connected to the gasifier and the evaporator, used for exchanging heat between the saturated steam generated by the evaporator and the gasification gas generated by the gasifier to form superheated steam;

[0013] a steam generator connected to the heat exchanger and the gasifier, used to heat water with superheated steam fed from the heat exchanger to form steam, and the steam is fed into the gasifier;

[0014] The air heater is connected to the heat exchanger, the gasifier and the incinerator, and is used for exchanging heat between the gasification gas sent by the heat exchanger and the air to form hot air. The hot air is sent to the gasifier, and the gasification gas is sent to the incinerator.

[0015] Furthermore, the domestic waste treatment mechanism further includes:

[0016] a superheater connected to the evaporator and used for heating saturated steam by flue gas to generate superheated steam;

[0017] A steam turbine connected to the superheater and driven to rotate by superheated steam, the steam turbine being used to connect to a generator to generate electricity;

[0018] The economizer is connected to the superheater and the evaporator and is used to heat water through the flue gas, and the heated water is sent to the evaporator.

[0019] Furthermore, the domestic waste treatment mechanism further includes:

[0020] The deaerator is connected to the steam generator, the steam turbine and the economizer. The condensate formed by cooling the superheated steam in the saturated steam and the condensate formed by cooling the superheated steam in the steam turbine are deoxygenated and then passed into the economizer.

[0021] The present invention also provides a method for treating stale garbage coupled with domestic garbage, comprising:

[0022] S1: Domestic garbage, gasification gas and air are introduced into the garbage incinerator to generate flue gas;

[0023] S2: The stale garbage, hot air, water vapor and gasification gas are introduced into the gasification furnace. The gasification gas is burned in the gasification furnace. The stale garbage undergoes a gasification reaction under the action of water vapor and hot air to generate new gasification gas.

[0024] S3: Repeat S1 and S2, use the flue gas generated in S1 to heat water to form water vapor for use in the gasifier, use the gasification gas generated in S2 to heat air to form hot air for use in the gasifier, and use the gasification gas generated in S2 for use in the waste incinerator.

[0025] Furthermore, the flue gas is processed in sequence through an evaporator, a superheater, an economizer, and a flue gas purification system and then discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney; the flue gas exchanges heat with water in the evaporator to form saturated steam, a part of the saturated steam enters the superheater for further heating to generate superheated steam which is then sent to a steam turbine for power generation, another part of the saturated steam enters the heat exchanger to exchange heat with the gasification gas generated in S2 to generate superheated steam, the superheated steam is sent to a steam generator to heat water to generate water vapor which enters the gasifier.

[0026] Furthermore, the gasification gas generated in S2 is sent to the heat exchanger to exchange heat with saturated steam to generate superheated steam, and then the gasification gas is cooled and sent to the air heater to exchange heat with air to form hot air. The gasification gas after further cooling is sent to the waste incinerator.

[0027] Furthermore, the steam after doing work in the turbine is sent to the condenser to condense into water, and then after being deoxygenated by the deaerator, it is sent to the economizer for heat exchange with the flue gas and then sent to the steam drum. The water in the steam drum enters the evaporator, and the steam in the steam drum is sent to the superheater or heat exchanger.

[0028] Furthermore, the condensed water in the steam generator is sent to the deaerator for deoxygenation, and then sent to the economizer for heat exchange with the flue gas and then sent to the steam drum.

[0029] Beneficial Effects

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] (1) The stale waste treatment process is deeply coupled with the domestic waste incineration process, requiring only a small amount of equipment to be added and a shared flue gas purification system;

[0032] (2) Stale garbage does not enter the incinerator directly, which will not shorten the life of existing incinerator equipment;

[0033] (3) The use of gasification to treat stale garbage can effectively reduce the smoke content in the generated flue gas (the gasified gas in this application) and will not affect the treatment capacity of the flue gas purification system;

[0034] (4) The gasification temperature is lower than the incineration temperature. Heavy metals, Na, K and other elements in the stale garbage will not be carried by the gasification gas, but will remain in the bottom ash, which will not affect the subsequent comprehensive utilization of the bottom ash and will not cause impact on the flue gas purification system in the garbage incineration process;

[0035] (5) The two processes are highly coupled in terms of material energy, but are easy to decouple. If the stale waste is treated, the entire stale waste treatment process can be discarded without affecting the domestic waste incineration treatment process.

[0036] (6) The process parameters can be designed according to the daily processing volume of stale garbage without considering the overload capacity of the existing garbage incineration system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic block diagram of a stale garbage coupled domestic garbage treatment device of this embodiment.

[0038] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the stale waste treatment mechanism.

[0039] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the domestic waste treatment organization. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and drawings.

[0041] See also Figure 1-3 The present invention provides a stale garbage coupled domestic garbage treatment device, including a domestic garbage treatment mechanism and a stale garbage treatment mechanism.

[0042] The domestic waste treatment mechanism includes an incinerator, a flue gas treatment component and a power generation component. The incinerator is used to burn waste and generate flue gas. The flue gas treatment component cools and filters the flue gas before discharging it. The power generation component uses the heat of the recovered flue gas to generate electricity.

[0043] The incinerator is used to pass domestic garbage, gasification gas and air to burn and generate flue gas. The gasification gas is generated after the stale garbage is treated by the stale garbage treatment agency.

[0044] The flue gas treatment components include evaporator, superheater, economizer, flue gas purification system and chimney. The flue gas passes through the evaporator, superheater, economizer, flue gas purification system in sequence and is discharged from the chimney.

[0045] The evaporator is connected to the incinerator and is used for exchanging heat between water and the flue gas to form saturated steam.

[0046] The superheater is connected to the evaporator and is used for heating the saturated steam by the flue gas to generate superheated steam.

[0047] The economizer is connected to the superheater and the evaporator and is used to heat water through the flue gas, and the heated water is sent to the evaporator.

[0048] The flue gas purification system is connected to the economizer and is used for filtering and adsorbing the flue gas, and the purified flue gas is discharged from the chimney.

[0049] In the illustrated embodiment, the domestic waste treatment mechanism further comprises a steam drum, which is respectively connected to the evaporator, the superheater, the economizer and the stale waste treatment mechanism.

[0050] The water of the economizer and the steam of the evaporator are both sent to the steam drum, which is divided into water and steam at saturated temperature. The water is sent to the evaporator to be heated to form steam, part of the saturated steam is sent to the superheater to be heated to form superheated steam, and part is sent to the stale waste treatment mechanism.

[0051] The power generation components include steam turbine, generator, condenser and deaerator.

[0052] The steam turbine is connected to a superheater, which is used to drive the steam turbine to rotate through superheated steam. The steam turbine is connected to a generator, and the rotating steam turbine drives the generator to generate electricity, which is then sent to the power grid.

[0053] After the work is done, the steam is discharged from the tail of the steam turbine, enters the condenser to condense into water, and is deoxygenated by the deaerator. Then, under the action of the feed water pump, it re-enters the economizer to complete the cycle.

[0054] It will be appreciated that the domestic waste treatment mechanism also includes a water pump to transport water.

[0055] The stale garbage treatment mechanism includes a gasifier, a heat exchanger, a steam generator and an air heater.

[0056] The gasifier is used to introduce stale garbage, hot air, water vapor and gasification gas. The gasification gas is burned in the gasifier. The stale garbage undergoes a gasification reaction under the action of water vapor and hot air to generate new gasification gas.

[0057] The heat exchanger is connected to the gasifier and the evaporator, and is used for exchanging heat between the saturated steam generated by the evaporator and the gasification gas generated by the gasifier to form superheated steam.

[0058] A steam generator is connected to the heat exchanger and the gasifier, and is used to use the superheated steam sent by the heat exchanger to heat water to form steam, and the steam is sent to the gasifier.

[0059] The superheated steam condenses into condensate, which is then passed into the deaerator for subsequent treatment.

[0060] The air heater is connected to the heat exchanger, the gasifier and the incinerator, and is used for exchanging heat between the gasification gas sent by the heat exchanger and the air to form hot air. The hot air is sent to the gasifier, and the gasification gas is sent to the incinerator.

[0061] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for treating stale garbage coupled with domestic garbage, comprising:

[0062] S1: Domestic garbage, gasification gas and air are introduced into the garbage incinerator to generate flue gas;

[0063] S2: The stale garbage, hot air, water vapor and gasification gas are introduced into the gasification furnace. The gasification gas is burned in the gasification furnace. The stale garbage undergoes a gasification reaction under the action of water vapor and hot air to generate new gasification gas.

[0064] S3: Repeat S1 and S2, use the flue gas generated in S1 to heat water to form water vapor for use in the gasifier, use the gasification gas generated in S2 to heat air to form hot air for use in the gasifier, and use the gasification gas generated in S2 for use in the waste incinerator.

[0065] Furthermore, the flue gas is processed in sequence through an evaporator, a superheater, an economizer, and a flue gas purification system and then discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney; the flue gas exchanges heat with water in the evaporator to form saturated steam, a part of the saturated steam enters the superheater for further heating to generate superheated steam which is then sent to a steam turbine for power generation, another part of the saturated steam enters the heat exchanger to exchange heat with the gasification gas generated in S2 to generate superheated steam, the superheated steam is sent to a steam generator to heat water to generate water vapor which enters the gasifier.

[0066] Furthermore, the gasification gas generated in S2 is sent to the heat exchanger to exchange heat with saturated steam to generate superheated steam, and then the gasification gas is cooled and sent to the air heater to exchange heat with air to form hot air. The gasification gas after further cooling is sent to the waste incinerator.

[0067] Furthermore, the steam after doing work in the turbine is sent to the condenser to condense into water, and then after being deoxygenated by the deaerator, it is sent to the economizer for heat exchange with the flue gas and then sent to the steam drum. The water in the steam drum enters the evaporator, and the steam in the steam drum is sent to the superheater or heat exchanger.

[0068] Furthermore, the condensed water in the steam generator is sent to the deaerator for deoxygenation, and then sent to the economizer for heat exchange with the flue gas and then sent to the steam drum.

[0069] The following is a detailed description of the process of each component:

[0070] Garbage / air / flue gas process: After domestic garbage enters the garbage incinerator, it is incinerated with the supply of air. The gasification gas produced by the treatment of stale garbage also enters the incinerator for incineration, generating a large amount of hot flue gas. The hot flue gas passes through the evaporator, superheater, and economizer in turn, and enters the flue gas purification system. After removing various pollutants, it is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney. The bottom ash produced after the incineration of domestic garbage is discharged through the incinerator and stored in the slag bin together with the bottom ash produced by the gasifier in the stale garbage treatment process, and then uniformly utilized as a resource.

[0071] Water circulation process: the feed water is sent to the economizer through the feed water pump, and then sent to the steam drum after heat exchange with the hot flue gas. The steam drum contains water and water vapor that have reached the saturation temperature. The saturated water enters the evaporator and becomes saturated steam after heat exchange with the hot flue gas. A part of the saturated steam enters the superheater for further heating to generate superheated steam, which enters the steam turbine to drive the steam turbine to rotate. The steam turbine is connected to the generator. The rotating steam turbine drives the generator to generate electricity and then is sent to the power grid; the other part enters the heat exchanger of the stale garbage treatment process to exchange heat with the gasified gas to generate superheated steam and reduce the gasified gas temperature at the same time. The steam after work is discharged from the tail of the steam turbine, enters the condenser to condense into water, and enters the deaerator through the condensate pump. Then, under the action of the feed water pump, it re-enters the economizer to complete the water cycle.

[0072] Stale garbage treatment sub-process: Stale garbage enters the gasifier together with hot air, water vapor, and part of the gasified gas. A gasification reaction occurs under the action of water vapor and hot air, and part of the gasified gas is burned in the gasifier to ensure the smooth progress of the gasification reaction. The generated gasified gas exchanges heat with the saturated steam from the domestic garbage incineration treatment process through a heat exchanger, and after cooling, enters the air heater to exchange heat with air at room temperature to obtain gasified gas at a lower temperature. Part of the gasified gas enters the gasifier for incineration to maintain the gasification reaction in the gasifier; the rest can be sent to the garbage incinerator for combustion, or it can be used for other purposes according to actual needs.

[0073] Normal temperature air enters the air heater to exchange heat with the gasification gas, and the obtained hot air enters the gasifier to undergo a gasification reaction with the stale garbage; tap water generates water vapor through the steam generator and enters the gasifier to undergo a gasification reaction with the stale garbage; saturated steam from the domestic waste incineration treatment process enters the heat exchanger, exchanges heat with the gasification gas to generate superheated steam, enters the steam generator to heat the tap water, then cools itself to become condensate, and re-enters the deaerator of the domestic waste incineration treatment process.

[0074] The examples described in the present invention are merely descriptions of the preferred implementation modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the concept and scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design concept of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by engineers and technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stale garbage coupled domestic garbage treatment device, comprising: Domestic waste disposal institutions, including: Incinerator, used to introduce domestic garbage, gasification gas and air for incineration to generate flue gas; Characterized in that the domestic waste treatment mechanism further comprises: an evaporator, connected to the incinerator, and used for exchanging heat between water and the flue gas to form saturated steam; Aged waste disposal agencies, including: The gasifier is used to introduce stale garbage, hot air, water vapor and gasification gas. The gasification gas is burned in the gasifier. The stale garbage undergoes a gasification reaction under the action of water vapor and hot air to generate new gasification gas. A heat exchanger connected to the gasifier and the evaporator, used for exchanging heat between the saturated steam generated by the evaporator and the gasification gas generated by the gasifier to form superheated steam; a steam generator connected to the heat exchanger and the gasifier, used to heat water with superheated steam fed from the heat exchanger to form steam, and the steam is fed into the gasifier; The air heater is connected to the heat exchanger, the gasifier and the incinerator, and is used for exchanging heat between the gasification gas sent by the heat exchanger and the air to form hot air. The hot air is sent to the gasifier, and the gasification gas is sent to the incinerator.

2. The stale garbage coupled domestic garbage treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The domestic waste treatment mechanism further comprises: a superheater, connected to the evaporator, and used for heating saturated steam to generate superheated steam; A steam turbine connected to the superheater and driven to rotate by superheated steam, the steam turbine being used to connect to a generator to generate electricity; The economizer is connected to the superheater and the evaporator and is used to heat water through the flue gas, and the heated water is sent to the evaporator.

3. The stale garbage coupled domestic garbage treatment device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The domestic waste treatment mechanism further comprises: The deaerator is connected to the steam generator, the steam turbine and the economizer. The condensate formed by cooling the superheated steam in the saturated steam and the condensate formed by cooling the superheated steam in the steam turbine are deoxygenated and then passed into the economizer.

4. A method for treating stale garbage coupled with domestic garbage, characterized in that: include: S1: Domestic garbage, gasification gas and air are introduced into the garbage incinerator to generate flue gas; S2: The stale garbage, hot air, water vapor and gasification gas are introduced into the gasification furnace. The gasification gas is burned in the gasification furnace. The stale garbage undergoes a gasification reaction under the action of water vapor and hot air to generate new gasification gas. S3: Repeat S1 and S2, and use the flue gas generated in S1 to exchange heat with water in the evaporator to form saturated steam. The saturated steam part enters the heat exchanger and exchanges heat with the gasification gas generated in S2 to generate superheated steam. The superheated steam is sent to the steam generator to heat water to generate water vapor that enters the gasifier. The gasification gas generated in S2 is used to heat the air to form hot air for use in the gasification furnace. The gasification gas generated in S2 is also used for use in the waste incinerator.

5. A method for treating stale garbage coupled with domestic garbage according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flue gas is processed in sequence through an evaporator, a superheater, an economizer, and a flue gas purification system and then discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney; the saturated steam formed by the heat exchange between the flue gas and water in the evaporator enters the superheater for further heating, and the superheated steam generated is sent to the steam turbine for power generation.

6. A method for treating stale garbage coupled with domestic garbage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gasification gas generated in S2 is sent to the heat exchanger to exchange heat with saturated steam to produce superheated steam. The gasification gas is cooled and sent to the air heater to exchange heat with air to form hot air. The gasification gas after further cooling is sent to the waste incinerator.

7. The method for treating stale garbage coupled with domestic garbage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The steam after doing work in the turbine is sent to the condenser to condense into water, and then sent to the economizer for heat exchange with the flue gas after deoxygenation, and then sent to the steam drum. The water in the steam drum enters the evaporator, and the steam in the steam drum is sent to the superheater or heat exchanger.

8. A method for treating stale waste coupled with domestic waste according to claim 7, characterized in that: The condensed water in the steam generator is sent to the deaerator for deoxygenation, then to the economizer for heat exchange with the flue gas, and then to the steam drum.

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