Photovoltaic power-based power switching method, device, equipment and computer medium

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of smart home, and particularly relates to a power switching method, device and equipment based on photovoltaic power and a computer medium. The application aims to solve the problems of increasing cost of commercial power and inability of photovoltaic power to meet the power supply demand of household appliances. The method provided by the application comprises the following steps: acquiring the outputtable power of photovoltaic power, wherein the photovoltaic power comprises photovoltaic components or photovoltaic cells; if the outputtable power reaches a preset threshold value and a current power supply port is connected to commercial power, switching the power supply port from the commercial power to the photovoltaic power; and if the outputtable power is lower than the preset threshold value and the current power supply port is connected to the photovoltaic power, switching the power supply port from the photovoltaic power to the commercial power. Through the above method, flexible switching between photovoltaic power and commercial power in household power supply is realized, the utilization rate of photovoltaic power is improved, the power consumption cost of household appliances is reduced, and the technical effect of meeting the power supply demand of household appliances is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of smart home technology, specifically relating to a power switching method, device, equipment, and computer medium based on photovoltaic power. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of smart homes, home appliances are becoming increasingly diversified, and the power supply methods of home appliances are gradually becoming a concern for researchers.

[0003] Currently, household appliances are typically powered by mains electricity, which is a single power supply method. As the number of household appliances increases, the cost of electricity also gradually increases. Related technologies have considered connecting photovoltaic power to household appliances, but due to the characteristics of photovoltaic power, such as weather conditions, it is easy for household appliances to experience power outages. Therefore, photovoltaic power is difficult to popularize in most households.

[0004] Therefore, it is particularly necessary to propose a solution that can efficiently utilize photovoltaic power in smart homes while avoiding insufficient power supply to household appliances due to insufficient photovoltaic power. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, namely the technical problems of increasing mains electricity costs due to the increase in the number of household appliances and the inability of photovoltaic power consumption characteristics to meet the power supply needs of household appliances, this application provides a power switching method, device, equipment and computer medium based on photovoltaic power.

[0006] According to one aspect of this application, a power switching method based on photovoltaic power is provided, comprising:

[0007] Obtain the output power of photovoltaic power, wherein the photovoltaic power includes photovoltaic modules or photovoltaic cells;

[0008] If the output power reaches a preset threshold and the current power supply port is connected to the mains power, then the power supply port is switched from the mains power to the photovoltaic power.

[0009] If the output power is lower than the preset threshold and the current power supply port is connected to the photovoltaic power supply, then the power supply port will be switched from the photovoltaic power supply to the mains power supply.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the above method, the method is applied to a household power supply circuit, which includes a power supply end and a power consumption end. The power supply end includes a power supply port for connecting to mains power or photovoltaic power; the power consumption end is connected to household appliances.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the above method, the power supply terminal further includes a switching element, which is electrically connected to the power supply port and includes a single-pole double-throw AC contactor or a semiconductor switching device.

[0012] The step of switching the power supply port from the mains power to the photovoltaic power includes: switching the power supply port from the mains power to the photovoltaic power based on the switching element; or...

[0013] Switching the power supply port from photovoltaic power to mains power includes: switching the power supply port from photovoltaic power to mains power based on the switching element.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the above method, if the output power reaches a preset threshold, before switching the power supply from the mains power to the photovoltaic power, the method further includes:

[0015] A first instruction message is transmitted to a household appliance, the first instruction message being used to instruct the household appliance to reduce its power consumption to a first power consumption value; or...

[0016] If the output power is lower than the preset threshold, before switching the power supply port from photovoltaic power to mains power, the method further includes:

[0017] A second instruction message is transmitted to the home appliance, the second instruction message being used to instruct the home appliance to reduce its power consumption to a second power consumption value.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the above method, before transmitting the first instruction message to the household appliance, or before transmitting the second instruction message to the household appliance, the method further includes:

[0019] The current power consumption of the household appliance is obtained, and an indication power consumption is determined based on the current power consumption. The indication power consumption is used to indicate the maximum power consumption value of the household appliance.

[0020] The first indication message or the second indication message is generated based on the indicated power consumption.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the above method, the household appliance includes a water heater, which comprises a first heating element and a second heating element. The first heating element is electrically connected to an AC relay for connection to mains power, and the second heating element is electrically connected to a DC relay for connection to photovoltaic power.

[0022] The method further includes: switching the DC relay to the AC relay when switching the power supply port from the mains power to the photovoltaic power; or, switching the AC relay to the DC relay when switching the power supply port from the photovoltaic power to the mains power.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the above method, a supercapacitor is connected to the switching line that switches the power supply port from mains power to photovoltaic power, or switches the power supply port back from photovoltaic power to mains power.

[0024] The step of switching the power supply port from the mains power to the photovoltaic power, or switching the power supply port from the photovoltaic power to the mains power, includes:

[0025] Power is supplied based on the supercapacitor after the power supply port begins switching and before the switching is completed.

[0026] According to another aspect of this application, a power switching device based on photovoltaic power is provided, comprising:

[0027] The acquisition module is configured to acquire the output power of photovoltaic power, wherein the photovoltaic power includes photovoltaic modules or photovoltaic cells;

[0028] The first switching module is configured to switch the power supply port from the mains power to the photovoltaic power supply when the output power reaches a preset threshold and the current power supply port is connected to the mains power.

[0029] The second switching module is configured to switch the power supply port from the photovoltaic power supply to the mains power supply when the output power is lower than the preset threshold and the current power supply port is connected to the photovoltaic power supply.

[0030] According to another aspect of this application, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a memory and a processor;

[0031] The memory stores computer-executed instructions;

[0032] The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory, causing the electronic device to perform the photovoltaic-based power switching method.

[0033] According to another aspect of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein computer-executable instructions are stored therein, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the aforementioned photovoltaic-based power switching method.

[0034] Those skilled in the art will understand that the photovoltaic power switching method, apparatus, device, and computer medium provided in this application, by acquiring the output power of photovoltaic power (including photovoltaic modules or photovoltaic cells), switches the power supply port from the mains power to the photovoltaic power supply when the output power reaches a preset threshold and the current power supply port is connected to the mains power. Conversely, when the output power is lower than the preset threshold and the current power supply port is connected to the photovoltaic power supply, the power supply port is switched back to the mains power supply. This method achieves flexible switching between photovoltaic power and mains power in household electricity use, improves the utilization rate of photovoltaic power, reduces the electricity cost of household appliances, and simultaneously meets the power supply needs of household appliances. Attached Figure Description

[0035] The preferred embodiments of the photovoltaic-based power switching method, apparatus, device, and computer medium of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are as follows:

[0036] Figure 1 This is one of the possible scenario diagrams provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of a power switching method based on photovoltaic power provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of another power switching method based on photovoltaic power provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0039] Figure 4 A schematic flowchart illustrating another power switching method based on photovoltaic power provided in this application embodiment;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a second possible scenario illustration provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a power switching device based on photovoltaic power provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0043] The accompanying drawings have illustrated specific embodiments of this disclosure, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concepts of this disclosure to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0044] Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely for explaining the technical principles of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Those skilled in the art can make adjustments as needed to adapt to specific application scenarios.

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0046] Before introducing the embodiments of this application, the technical background of the embodiments of this application will be explained first: With the continuous increase of household appliances and the improvement of the level of intelligence, household power supply has also become an important research direction for intelligent development. The current household power supply is difficult to balance the use of photovoltaic power and mains power. Either the cost of using mains power is high or the power supply demand cannot be met by using photovoltaic power. In addition, there are many obstacles in the use of photovoltaic power. For example, in related technologies, in order to achieve simultaneous access of photovoltaic power and mains power, the design scheme of photovoltaic energy is to use photovoltaic energy inverters to connect to the AC220 network off-grid or on-grid. This scheme requires the inversion of low-voltage DC power. Such photovoltaic inverter modules are generally expensive, which is difficult for most families to afford.

[0047] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a power switching method, apparatus, device, and computer medium based on photovoltaic power. The power supply port can simultaneously connect to both mains power and photovoltaic power. By acquiring the output power of photovoltaic power and based on the current output power and the current power supply port connection status, flexible switching between photovoltaic power and mains power in household electricity consumption can be achieved. This efficiently utilizes photovoltaic power, reduces the electricity cost of household appliances, and effectively avoids the problem of power outages in household appliances caused by the characteristics of photovoltaic power, thus failing to meet the power supply needs of household appliances. In addition, households can use photovoltaic power without installing an AC inverter, without incurring additional costs.

[0048] The photovoltaic-based power switching method provided in this application can be widely applied to power supply scenarios for whole-house intelligent digital control applications such as smart homes, smart home ecosystems, and intelligence house ecosystems. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a possible scenario for the photovoltaic-based power switching method provided in this application embodiment. The method is applied to a household power supply circuit, such as... Figure 1As shown, the circuit includes a control board 110, a power supply terminal, a power supply end, and a supercapacitor 130. The control board 110 is located at the power supply terminal and is responsible for switching the power input, enabling flexible switching between photovoltaic power (A) and mains power (B), as well as signal transmission with household appliances. The power supply terminal includes a power supply port 121 and a switching element 122. The power supply terminal is connected to household appliances, which in this embodiment may include, but are not limited to, water heaters, refrigerators, televisions, range hoods, and air conditioners. In the circuit scenario of this embodiment, there are live wires, neutral wires, and ground wires. The live wires and neutral wires correspond to the positive terminal a and negative terminal b of the photovoltaic power supply port, and the live wire a' and neutral wire b' connected to the mains power.

[0049] In this embodiment, the control board 110 can be a control board with wireless transceiver function or power line carrier function. It can communicate with home appliances using wireless transceiver function or power line carrier function and control the power consumption of home appliances when switching power consumption. In addition, in some implementations, the control board can also communicate with the outside world, such as with the control boards of other home users, to obtain the power supply schemes of other home users and realize power supply optimization.

[0050] The above provides a brief illustration of the scenario of this application. The following section describes its application... Figure 1 Taking the control board 110 as an example, the preferred technical solution of the power switching method based on photovoltaic power provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 The flowchart of a power switching method based on photovoltaic power provided in this application embodiment includes steps S201-S203.

[0052] Step S201: Obtain the output power of photovoltaic power, wherein the photovoltaic power includes photovoltaic modules or photovoltaic cells.

[0053] It is understandable that the output power is the convertible power of photovoltaic power. Specifically, for photovoltaic modules, it is the power generated by the photovoltaic modules, and for photovoltaic cells, it is the remaining power of the photovoltaic cells.

[0054] Among them, photovoltaic modules, also known as solar photovoltaic modules, are the core and most important part of a solar power generation system. Their function is to convert solar energy into electrical energy, which can be either stored in batteries or used to power loads. Photovoltaic cells, also known as photovoltaics, are thin films of photoelectric semiconductors that directly generate electricity using sunlight. They are also called "solar chips" or "photovoltaic cells". Under certain illumination conditions, they can instantly output voltage and generate current when there is a circuit.

[0055] Step S202: If the output power reaches a preset threshold and the current power supply port is connected to the mains power, then switch the power supply port from the mains power to the photovoltaic power.

[0056] Step S203: If the output power is lower than the preset threshold and the current power supply port is connected to the photovoltaic power supply, then switch the power supply port from the photovoltaic power supply to the mains power supply.

[0057] Compared to related technologies where the power supply port is directly connected to mains power or photovoltaic power, which can easily lead to high electricity costs or failure to meet the power supply needs of household appliances, the power supply port in this embodiment can simultaneously connect to both mains power and photovoltaic power. By monitoring the output capacity of photovoltaic power at the power supply end, and flexibly switching between photovoltaic power and mains power based on the current output capacity and the current connection status of the power supply port, the efficient utilization of photovoltaic power is achieved, while effectively ensuring the power needs of household appliances.

[0058] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can adapt the specific value of the preset threshold according to the actual application. For example, when there are many household appliances and the power consumption is large, the value range of the preset threshold is set to be larger, while when there are few household appliances and the power consumption is small, the value range of the preset threshold is set to be smaller accordingly.

[0059] In other feasible scenarios, the grid connection status can be monitored. If the current power supply port is connected to the grid but cannot be connected, the power supply port can be switched to photovoltaic power without considering the current output capacity of the photovoltaic power, in order to solve the emergency situation of grid power failure.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment of the above method, the method is applied to a household power supply circuit, which includes a power supply end and a power consumption end. The power supply end includes a power supply port for connecting to mains power or photovoltaic power; the power consumption end is connected to household appliances.

[0061] In this embodiment, the power supply terminal is also referred to as the power supply end or power supply terminal. The control board can be located at the power supply terminal. In one possible implementation, the control board is equipped with a power function module that can operate under both AC and DC power supply to power the control board. The control board can detect and determine the type and parameters of the power supply at the power supply terminal, and determine whether the power supply is AC or DC. It can be understood that the mains power is AC220 or AC110 AC power, and the photovoltaic power is DC power.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment of the above method, the power supply terminal further includes a switching element, which is electrically connected to the power supply port and includes a single-pole double-throw AC contactor or a semiconductor switching device.

[0063] The step of switching the power supply port from the mains power to the photovoltaic power includes: switching the power supply port from the mains power to the photovoltaic power based on the switching element; or...

[0064] Switching the power supply port from photovoltaic power to mains power includes: switching the power supply port from photovoltaic power to mains power based on the switching element.

[0065] In this embodiment, the control board switches the power supply connected to the power port by controlling the switching element.

[0066] In one implementation, a single-pole double-throw AC contactor is used to achieve a one-to-one power input, meaning the power supply port is either connected to mains power or photovoltaic power. The AC contactor operates by utilizing electromagnetic force combined with spring force to connect and disconnect the contacts. The AC contactor has two operating states: de-energized and energized. When the attraction coil is energized, the stationary iron core generates electromagnetic attraction, attracting the armature. The connecting rod connected to the armature drives the contacts to move, energizing the normally closed contacts. When the attraction coil is de-energized, the electromagnetic attraction disappears, the armature reopens, closing the normally open contacts. The spring then releases the open contacts, resetting them to their original positions, and the contactor is de-energized.

[0067] In another implementation, a semiconductor switching device is used to achieve a one-to-one power input, such as an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor). An IGBT is controlled by three terminals: gate (G), emitter (E), and collector (C). The switching function of an IGBT is to form a channel by applying a forward gate voltage, which provides base current to the PNP transistor, thus turning on the IGBT. Conversely, applying a reverse gate voltage eliminates the channel, cuts off the base current, and turns off the IGBT.

[0068] In a preferred embodiment of the above method, considering the brief power supply gap that may occur during power switching, and to avoid temporary power outages for household appliances during the switching process and achieve seamless power switching, this embodiment incorporates a supercapacitor in the power supply circuit, using the supercapacitor for power supply during the switching process. Specifically, a supercapacitor is connected to the switching line that switches the power supply port from mains power to photovoltaic power, or switches the power supply port back from photovoltaic power to mains power.

[0069] The step of switching the power supply port from the mains power to the photovoltaic power (step S202), or switching the power supply port from the photovoltaic power to the mains power (step S203), includes:

[0070] Power is supplied based on the supercapacitor after the power supply port begins switching and before the switching is completed.

[0071] Supercapacitors, also known as electrochemical capacitors, electric double-layer capacitors, gold capacitors, or farad capacitors, are electrochemical components that store energy by polarizing an electrolyte. Unlike traditional chemical power sources, they are a type of power source with unique properties, falling between traditional capacitors and batteries. They primarily rely on the electric double layer and redox pseudocapacitive charge to store electrical energy. However, no chemical reaction occurs during their energy storage process; this process is reversible, allowing supercapacitors to be repeatedly charged and discharged hundreds of thousands of times. They are widely applicable to household power supply applications.

[0072] In this embodiment, the supercapacitor is connected to the positive (live) and negative (neutral) terminals of the power supply, respectively, and provides power during power switching. The positive and negative terminals correspond to photovoltaic power, and the live and neutral terminals correspond to AC mains power.

[0073] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating another photovoltaic-based power switching method provided in this application embodiment. Building upon the above embodiment, considering that excessive power consumption of household appliances during power switching can easily cause current arcing and current surges, this embodiment allows the control board to first send an instruction message to the household appliances to reduce power before switching the power, preventing arcing due to high load current or surge current caused by current surges during switching. Specifically, if the output power reaches a preset threshold and the current power supply port is connected to the mains power, step S301 is included before switching the power supply port from the mains power to the photovoltaic power (step S202).

[0074] Step S301: Transmit a first instruction message to the household appliance, the first instruction message being used to instruct the household appliance to reduce its power consumption to a first power consumption value.

[0075] Specifically, downstream loads can be notified to reduce power consumption via communication modes such as WiFi, Bluetooth, or power line carrier. In this embodiment, power consumption refers to electrical power consumption.

[0076] It should be noted that the first indication message and the second indication message in this embodiment are only used to distinguish similar messages and have no other meaning. They can be the same indication message or different indication messages. Correspondingly, the first power consumption value and the second power consumption value can also be the same power consumption value or different power consumption values. Those skilled in the art can set the specific message content and numerical range according to the actual application.

[0077] Alternatively, if the output power is lower than the preset threshold and the current power supply port is connected to the photovoltaic power supply, step S302 is included before switching the power supply port from the photovoltaic power supply to the mains power supply (step S202).

[0078] Step S302: Transmit a second instruction message to the household appliance, the second instruction message being used to instruct the household appliance to reduce its power consumption to a second power consumption value.

[0079] In some embodiments, for different power supply scenarios of the method provided in this embodiment, other electrical devices may also be used, not limited to household appliances. For example, for power supply scenarios of shopping malls such as clothing stores, restaurants, and internet cafes, an instruction message is sent to the downstream load end of the power consumption to reduce power consumption.

[0080] In a preferred embodiment of the above method, before transmitting the first instruction message to the household appliance (step S301) or the second instruction message to the household appliance (step S302), the following steps are further included:

[0081] The current power consumption of the household appliance is obtained, and an indication power consumption is determined based on the current power consumption. The indication power consumption is used to indicate the maximum power consumption value of the household appliance.

[0082] The first indication message or the second indication message is generated based on the indicated power consumption.

[0083] In this embodiment, there can be one or more household appliances. When there are multiple household appliances, an instruction message can be sent to each household appliance separately to instruct each household appliance to reduce its power consumption. Alternatively, an instruction message can be sent to one or more household appliances to instruct the total power consumption of all household appliances to be reduced to the indicated power consumption.

[0084] Taking household appliances, including water heaters, refrigerators, and televisions, as an example, if the total power consumption of the current household appliances is c, the total power consumption needs to be reduced to d when switching power. Among them, the power consumption required by the water heater is higher. When determining the indicated power consumption, the maximum power consumption value of the water heater can be increased accordingly, while the power consumption values ​​of other appliances can be reduced to meet the normal operation of the household appliances.

[0085] It is understood that the first power consumption value or the second power consumption value in this embodiment can be the maximum power consumption value or a power consumption value lower than the maximum power consumption value.

[0086] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4This is a flowchart illustrating another power switching method based on photovoltaic power provided in this application embodiment. Based on the above embodiment, this embodiment considers that household power supply scenarios include AC loads and DC loads. In order to realize the switching power supply between AC mains power and photovoltaic DC power for household appliances, this embodiment makes corresponding improvements to the corresponding household appliances. Taking a water heater as an example, two heating elements are set to be connected to AC relays and DC relays respectively to support flexible switching between AC power and DC power.

[0087] Combination Figure 5 As shown, the household appliance is a water heater, which includes a first heating element 501, a second heating element (unmarked), and a water storage tank 502. The first heating element 501 is electrically connected to an AC relay 503, which is used to connect to the mains power. The second heating element is electrically connected to a DC relay (unmarked), which is used to connect to photovoltaic power. The control board 110 is used to switch between mains power and photovoltaic power.

[0088] It is understandable that the heating element is an important component of the water heater for heating water temperature. Its principle is to heat the water after it is powered on. In this embodiment, the first heating element and the second heating element are in the form of heating tubes. In other embodiments, other heating elements may also be used.

[0089] Based on the above embodiments, the method further includes step S401, switching the DC relay to the AC relay when switching the power supply port from the mains power to the photovoltaic power; or step S402, switching the AC relay to the DC relay when switching the power supply port from the photovoltaic power to the mains power.

[0090] Compared to the above embodiments, this embodiment improves the switching efficiency between different power sources by setting different heating elements to connect AC or DC relays to access mains power or photovoltaic power. At the same time, it enables reasonable power access for household appliances and effectively avoids damage to appliances caused by improper power use. In some embodiments, the same method can be used to switch between mains power and photovoltaic power for other household appliances, which will not be elaborated in this embodiment.

[0091] According to another aspect of this application, embodiments of this application also provide a power switching device based on photovoltaic power, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the device includes an acquisition module 61, a first switching module 62, and a second switching module 63, wherein...

[0092] The acquisition module 61 is configured to acquire the output power of photovoltaic power, wherein the photovoltaic power includes photovoltaic modules or photovoltaic cells;

[0093] The first switching module 62 is configured to switch the power supply port from the mains power to the photovoltaic power supply when the output power reaches a preset threshold and the current power supply port is connected to the mains power.

[0094] The second switching module 63 is configured to switch the power supply port from the photovoltaic power supply to the mains power supply when the output power is lower than the preset threshold and the current power supply port is connected to the photovoltaic power supply.

[0095] In a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned device, the device is applied to a household power supply circuit, which includes a power supply end and a power consumption end. The power supply end includes a power supply port for connecting to mains power or photovoltaic power; the power consumption end is connected to household appliances.

[0096] In a preferred embodiment of the above-described device, the power supply terminal further includes a switching element, which is electrically connected to the power supply port and includes a single-pole double-throw AC contactor or a semiconductor switching device.

[0097] The first switching module is specifically configured to switch the power supply port from mains power to photovoltaic power based on the switching element; or,

[0098] The second switching module is specifically configured to switch the power supply port from photovoltaic power to mains power based on the switching element.

[0099] In a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned device, the device further includes:

[0100] A first indication module is configured to transmit a first indication message to the home appliance, the first indication message being used to instruct the home appliance to reduce its power consumption to a first power consumption value; or...

[0101] The second instruction module is configured to transmit a second instruction message to the home appliance, the second instruction message being used to instruct the home appliance to reduce its power consumption to a second power consumption value.

[0102] In a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned device, the device further includes:

[0103] The power consumption acquisition module is configured to acquire the current power consumption of the household appliance and determine the indicated power consumption based on the current power consumption. The indicated power consumption is used to indicate the maximum power consumption value of the household appliance.

[0104] The generation module is configured to generate either the first indication message or the second indication message based on the indicated power consumption.

[0105] In a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned device, the household appliance includes a water heater, which comprises a first heating element and a second heating element. The first heating element is electrically connected to an AC relay for connection to mains power, and the second heating element is electrically connected to a DC relay for connection to photovoltaic power.

[0106] The device further includes: a first relay switching module, configured to switch the DC relay to the AC relay when the power supply port is switched from the mains power to the photovoltaic power; or, a second relay switching module, configured to switch the AC relay to the DC relay when the power supply port is switched from the photovoltaic power to the mains power.

[0107] In a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned device, a supercapacitor is connected to the switching line that switches the power supply port from mains power to photovoltaic power, or switches the power supply port back from photovoltaic power to mains power.

[0108] The first switching module or the second switching module is specifically configured to supply power based on the supercapacitor after the power supply port starts switching and before the switching is completed.

[0109] According to another aspect of this application, an electronic device is provided, such as Figure 7 As shown, the electronic device includes: a memory 71 and a processor 72;

[0110] The memory 71 stores computer-executed instructions;

[0111] The processor 72 executes the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 71, causing the electronic device to perform the photovoltaic-based power switching method.

[0112] According to another aspect of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein computer-executable instructions are stored therein, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the aforementioned photovoltaic-based power switching method.

[0113] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or some of the steps, systems, and apparatuses disclosed above, and their functional modules / units, can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, or suitable combinations thereof. In hardware implementations, the division between functional modules / units mentioned above does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, a physical component may have multiple functions, or a function or step may be performed collaboratively by several physical components. Some or all physical components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, digital signal processor, or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). Such software can be distributed on a computer-readable medium, which may include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transient media).

[0114] As is known to those skilled in the art, the term computer storage medium includes volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storing information (such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data). Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical disc storage, magnetic cartridges, magnetic tape, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired information and is accessible to a computer.

[0115] Furthermore, as is known to those skilled in the art, communication media typically contain computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in modulated data signals such as carrier waves or other transmission mechanisms, and may include any information delivery medium.

[0116] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" merely indicates a relationship describing the associated objects, meaning that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the term "at least one" indicates any combination of at least two of a plurality of options, for example, including at least one of A, B, and C, which can represent any one or more elements selected from a set including communication between A, B, and C. Furthermore, the term "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise precisely specified.

[0117] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc. (if present) are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0118] The technical solutions of this application have been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of this application is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of this application, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A power switching method based on photovoltaic power, characterized in that, The method is applied to a household power supply circuit, which includes a power supply end and a power consumption end. The power supply end includes a power port for connecting to mains power or photovoltaic power. The power consumption end is connected to a household appliance. The method includes: Obtain the output power of photovoltaic power, wherein the photovoltaic power includes photovoltaic modules or photovoltaic cells; If the output power reaches a preset threshold and the current power supply port is connected to the mains power, then the power supply port is switched from the mains power to the photovoltaic power, and a first instruction message is transmitted to the household appliance. The first instruction message is used to instruct the household appliance to reduce the power consumption to a first power consumption value. If the output power is lower than the preset threshold and the current power supply port is connected to the photovoltaic power, then the power supply port is switched from the photovoltaic power to the mains power, and a second instruction message is transmitted to the household appliance. The second instruction message is used to instruct the household appliance to reduce its power consumption to a second power consumption value. The power supply port is switched from the mains power to the photovoltaic power, or the power supply port is switched back from the photovoltaic power to the mains power and connected to a supercapacitor. When using photovoltaic power, the supercapacitor is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply respectively. When using mains power, the supercapacitor is connected to the live wire and neutral wire of the power supply respectively. Switching the power supply port from the mains power to the photovoltaic power, or switching the power supply port from the photovoltaic power to the mains power, includes: providing power based on the supercapacitor after the power supply port starts switching and before the switching is completed.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply terminal also includes a switching element, which is electrically connected to the power supply port, and includes a single-pole double-throw AC contactor or a semiconductor switching device. Switching the power supply port from the mains power to the photovoltaic power supply includes: switching the power supply port from the mains power to the photovoltaic power supply based on the switching element; or... Switching the power supply port from photovoltaic power to mains power includes: switching the power supply port from photovoltaic power to mains power based on the switching element.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before transmitting the first instruction message to the home appliance, or the second instruction message to the home appliance, the method further includes: The current power consumption of the household appliance is obtained, and an indication power consumption is determined based on the current power consumption. The indication power consumption is used to indicate the maximum power consumption value of the household appliance. The first indication message or the second indication message is generated based on the indicated power consumption.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The household appliance includes a water heater, which comprises a first heating element and a second heating element. The first heating element is electrically connected to an AC relay for connection to mains power, and the second heating element is electrically connected to a DC relay for connection to photovoltaic power. The method further includes: switching the DC relay to the AC relay when switching the power supply port from the mains power to the photovoltaic power; or, switching the AC relay to the DC relay when switching the power supply port from the photovoltaic power to the mains power.

5. A power switching device based on photovoltaic power, characterized in that, The device is applied to a household power supply circuit, which includes a power supply end and a power consumption end. The power supply end includes a power port for connecting to mains power or photovoltaic power. The power consumption end is connected to household appliances. The device includes: The acquisition module is configured to acquire the output power of photovoltaic power, wherein the photovoltaic power includes photovoltaic modules or photovoltaic cells; The first switching module is configured to switch the power supply port from the mains power to the photovoltaic power supply when the output power reaches a preset threshold and the current power supply port is connected to the mains power. The second switching module is configured to switch the power supply port from the photovoltaic power supply to the mains power supply when the output power is lower than the preset threshold and the current power supply port is connected to the photovoltaic power supply. A first instruction module is configured to transmit a first instruction message to the home appliance, the first instruction message being used to instruct the home appliance to reduce its power consumption to a first power consumption value; The second instruction module is configured to transmit a second instruction message to the home appliance, the second instruction message being used to instruct the home appliance to reduce its power consumption to a second power consumption value; The power supply port is switched from the mains power to the photovoltaic power, or the power supply port is switched back from the photovoltaic power to the mains power and connected to a supercapacitor. When using photovoltaic power, the supercapacitor is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply respectively. When using mains power, the supercapacitor is connected to the live wire and neutral wire of the power supply respectively. The first switching module or the second switching module is specifically configured to supply power based on the supercapacitor after the power supply port starts switching and before the switching is completed.

6. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Memory and processor; The memory stores computer-executed instructions; The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory, causing the electronic device to perform the power switching method based on photovoltaic electricity as described in any one of claims 1-4.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the power switching method based on photovoltaic electricity as described in any one of claims 1-4.

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