A grooved wheel type multi-stage multi-point drive photovoltaic tracking system

Abstract

This invention discloses a multi-stage, multi-point driven photovoltaic tracking system using a grooved wheel, relating to the field of solar energy utilization technology. The system includes a drive system and a transmission system. The drive system has multiple drive points, each including a reduction mechanism with both driving and self-locking capabilities. The transmission system includes a drive shaft, connecting the multiple drive points. This invention uses multiple grooved wheels with unequal speeds to drive the rotation of a single-axis tracker bracket. Multiple support and self-locking points overcome the drawback of resonance and swaying of the single-axis tracking bracket under strong winds, improving wind resistance, eliminating the need for a damper, and reducing energy consumption. Simultaneously, the multiple drive points reduce the torsional requirements on the tracker's main shaft. This invention overcomes the drawback of resonance and swaying under strong winds, improves wind resistance, reduces energy consumption and torsional strength of some components, and lowers costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of solar energy utilization technology, and in particular relates to a grooved wheel type multi-stage multi-point driven photovoltaic tracking system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the mounting brackets used for solar photovoltaic modules mainly include two types: fixed and tracking. Tracking brackets are further divided into single-axis tracking brackets and dual-axis tracking brackets.

[0003] With the development of photovoltaic energy, the power output of photovoltaic modules is increasing day by day. Currently, the mainstream modules used are mostly larger than 2.5㎡, and even larger than 3㎡. The increasing module size undoubtedly increases the requirements for photovoltaic module mounting brackets.

[0004] As we all know, the main stress on solar photovoltaic tracking brackets comes from wind and snow pressure. The increasing component area will amplify the wind and snow pressure on the brackets, especially in strong winds. Therefore, the self-locking wind resistance capability of the brackets has become of paramount importance.

[0005] Currently, typical solar tracking brackets are driven by one or more reduction gears, which rotate the main beam, thus rotating the photovoltaic modules. These reduction gears all have a self-locking function, which can lock the photovoltaic modules in place when not in operation.

[0006] Compared to existing drive systems in the market, current products have many drawbacks, such as:

[0007] 1. Existing photovoltaic tracking brackets that use small push rods as the drive mechanism often have limitations in their use due to the limited stroke and driving force of the push rods, as well as their environmental adaptability.

[0008] 2. Existing photovoltaic tracking systems that use rotary deceleration mechanisms as drive brackets require separate pile foundations for each rotary deceleration mechanism. Furthermore, solar panels cannot be installed on each rotary deceleration mechanism, increasing the cost of the pile foundations and reducing land utilization. Therefore, providing a grooved wheel type multi-stage multi-point driven photovoltaic tracking system is of significant practical importance in addressing these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0009] This invention provides a grooved wheel type multi-stage multi-point driven photovoltaic tracking system, which solves the above problems.

[0010] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0011] This invention discloses a grooved wheel-type multi-stage multi-point driven photovoltaic tracking system, comprising a support system and a rotation system. The support system has several piles, each pile having a column mounted on it. Each column includes a first driving column, a second driving column, and a regular column. The first and second driving columns are located on the same pile, arranged symmetrically from left to right, and are staggered with the regular column. Column joints are fixedly connected to the tops of the first and second driving columns and the regular column, and drive bearing seats are respectively installed through these column joints. A standard bearing housing is provided. The rotating system is mounted on a column and includes a main shaft. Both the drive bearing housing and the standard bearing housing are fixedly connected to ring bearings. The main shaft passes through the ring bearings in sequence. A component beam is installed above the main shaft, and a beam pad is provided between the main shaft and the component beam. Two component diagonal braces are installed below the main shaft, and a brace pad is provided between the main shaft and one end of the two component diagonal braces. The other end of the two component diagonal braces is connected to the component beam. A photovoltaic module is installed on the component beam. The system includes a drive system and a transmission system.

[0012] The drive system has multiple drive points, each of which includes a reduction mechanism with drive and self-locking. A mounting base is installed on the left side of the first drive column, and the reduction mechanism with drive and self-locking is installed on the mounting base. A non-uniform speed grooved wheel is provided between the first drive column and the second drive column. The bottom of the non-uniform speed grooved wheel has several toothed grooves. A clamp assembly is fixedly connected to the top of the non-uniform speed grooved wheel. The clamp assembly includes two clamps that are joined together, located in the ring bearing on the drive bearing seat, and sleeved on the outside of the main shaft. A cylindrical pin is engaged at the bottom of the non-uniform speed grooved wheel. Symmetrically arranged first active dials are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the cylindrical pin. The left first active dial is fixedly connected to the right output shaft of the reduction mechanism with drive and self-locking, and the right first active dial is movably connected to the second drive column through a rotating shaft and a bearing.

[0013] The transmission system includes a drive shaft, and multiple drive points of the drive system are connected by the drive shaft. A support seat is installed on a common column between adjacent drive points, and a ball bearing is provided inside the support seat. The drive shaft passes through the ball bearing. A commutator is fixedly connected to the front end of the drive and self-locking reduction mechanism. A universal joint is connected between the drive shaft and the commutator.

[0014] Furthermore, the first active dial is equipped with cylindrical pins, at least two of which are arranged with unequal pitch circle radii around the rotation axis of the first active dial to drive or block unequal speed grooved wheels.

[0015] Furthermore, the bottom of the non-uniform speed grooved wheel is provided with toothed grooves, which are arranged according to the distribution of cylindrical pins on the first active dial. There are at least two types of toothed grooves, which match the cylindrical pins on the first active dial and engage with the cylindrical pins in a constantly changing transmission ratio.

[0016] Furthermore, at least one stage of reduction structure is added between the non-uniform speed groove wheel and the reduction mechanism with drive and self-locking, forming a drive system that increases the reduction ratio and increases the output and holding torque of the non-uniform speed groove wheel.

[0017] Furthermore, the first-stage deceleration structure includes a second active dial and an inner grooved wheel arranged on the left and right sides. Two pins arranged vertically are fixedly connected to the right side of the second active dial. Both pins are inserted into the grooves on the inner grooved wheel. An opening is provided on the mounting base. The right output shaft of the deceleration mechanism with drive and self-locking passes through the opening and is connected to the second active dial. A through hole is provided on the first drive column. A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the right side of the inner grooved wheel. The connecting rod passes through the through hole and is fixedly connected to the first active dial.

[0018] Furthermore, the second active dial is composed of a fixed plate and a cylinder. The cylinder has an insertion hole, and slots are formed on both sides of the insertion hole. The pin is fixedly connected to the right side of the fixed plate. The output shaft is inserted into the insertion hole, and a locking block that matches the slot is fixedly connected to the output shaft.

[0019] Furthermore, the inner groove wheel assembly is disc-shaped, and a circular slot is provided on one side surface of the inner groove wheel assembly. Four horizontal slots are provided on the edge of the circular slot, and the four horizontal slots form a cross shape. The pin is inserted into the horizontal slot.

[0020] Furthermore, the commutator includes a housing, inside which is a set of bevel gears with a speed ratio. The bevel gear set consists of a large bevel gear and a small bevel gear. The small bevel gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of a reduction mechanism with drive and self-locking, and the large bevel gear is fixedly connected to a universal joint.

[0021] The present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0022] 1. This invention uses multiple non-uniform speed grooved wheels to drive the rotation of the single-axis tracker bracket, and multiple support and self-locking points overcome the shortcomings of resonance swaying of the single-axis tracking bracket under strong winds, improve wind resistance, eliminate the damper, and reduce energy consumption. At the same time, multiple drive points reduce the torsional resistance requirements of the tracker spindle.

[0023] 2. The drive system achieves high torque through multi-stage drive and multi-stage reduction, reducing the torsional resistance requirements of the drive and self-locking reduction mechanism and the Geneva wheel.

[0024] 3. This invention can set 0° as the wind protection angle, which reduces the impact of strong winds on the support, improves the applicability of the single-axis tracker in strong wind areas, and enhances the stability of the single-axis tracker.

[0025] 4. The use of multiple driving points can reduce the amount of pile foundations used and reduce damage to the original landform.

[0026] 5. The application of toothed reinforcing plates provides targeted local reinforcement, improving the stability of the single-axis tracker in strong winds and effectively reducing the cost of the drive system.

[0027] 6. The variable speed grooved wheel can adjust the reduction ratio. In windy conditions, the cylindrical pin with a shorter center distance meshes with the teeth of the variable speed grooved wheel with a larger center distance, resulting in a larger transmission ratio, improving the anti-torsion effect, and improving the environmental adaptability of the flat single shaft support.

[0028] 7. The use of a drive-driven and self-locking reduction mechanism with reversing acceleration function increases the acceleration ratio at the reversing position, effectively reducing the speed of the multi-point linkage transmission shaft and improving the reliability of the transmission shaft.

[0029] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the first and second drive columns of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Detailed drawing at point A in the middle;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first active dial and the cylindrical pin of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the commutator of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the ordinary column of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a side view of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a detailed drawing of the fit between the non-uniform velocity grooved wheel and the cylindrical pin of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a diagram of the short-radius cylindrical pin cutting into the tooth groove of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 10 This is a diagram showing the toothed groove cut out from the short-radius cylindrical pin of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 12 This is a side view of the second active dial and inner groove wheel in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 13 This is a perspective view of the second active dial and inner groove wheel in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 14 This is a structural diagram of the first active dial and cylindrical pin in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 15 This is a structural diagram of the first active dial and cylindrical pin in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0046] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0047] 1. Main shaft; 2. Photovoltaic module; 3. Module crossbeam; 4. Module diagonal brace; 5. Diagonal brace pad; 6. Crossbeam pad; 7. First drive column; 8. Reducer mechanism with drive and self-locking; 9. Universal joint; 10. Pile; 11. Second drive column; 12. Drive shaft; 13. Cylindrical pin; 14. First drive dial; 15. Toothed reinforcing plate; 16. Drive bearing housing; 17. Non-uniform velocity grooved wheel; 18. Ring bearing; 19. Clamp assembly; 20. Column joint; 21. Ordinary column; 22. Support seat; 23. Ordinary bearing housing; 24. Commutator; 25. Second drive dial; 26. Inner grooved wheel; 27. Mounting seat. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "bottom", "top", "surface", "one end", "junction", "interior", etc., which indicate orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting this invention. Specific Implementation Example 1:

[0051] Please see Figure 1-10 As shown, a grooved wheel type multi-stage multi-point driven photovoltaic tracking system of the present invention includes a support system and a rotation system. The support system is provided with a plurality of piles 10, and each pile 10 is equipped with a column. The column includes a first driving column 7, a second driving column 11, and a common column 21. The first driving column 7 and the second driving column 11 are located on the same pile 10, arranged symmetrically from left to right, and are staggered with the common column 21. The top of the first driving column 7, the second driving column 11, and the top of the common column 21 are all fixedly connected to a column joint 20, and drive bearing seats are respectively installed through the column joint 20. The drive bearing housing 16 and the ordinary bearing housing 23 are mounted on the column. The rotating system includes the main shaft 1. The drive bearing housing 16 and the ordinary bearing housing 23 are both fixedly connected to the inner side of the ring bearing 18. The main shaft 1 passes through the ring bearing 18 in sequence. The component beam 3 is installed above the main shaft 1. A beam pad 6 is provided between the main shaft 1 and the component beam 3. Two component diagonal braces 4 are installed below the main shaft 1. A diagonal brace pad 5 is provided between the main shaft 1 and one end of the two component diagonal braces 4. The other end of the two component diagonal braces 4 is connected to the component beam 3. The photovoltaic module 2 is installed on the component beam 3. The system includes a drive system and a transmission system.

[0052] The drive system has multiple drive points, each of which includes a reduction mechanism 8 with drive and self-locking. A mounting base 27 is installed on the left side of the first drive column 7, and the reduction mechanism 8 with drive and self-locking is installed on the mounting base 27. A non-uniform speed grooved wheel 17 is provided between the first drive column 7 and the second drive column 11. The bottom of the non-uniform speed grooved wheel 17 has several toothed grooves. A clamp assembly 19 is fixedly connected to the top of the non-uniform speed grooved wheel 17. The clamp assembly 19 includes two clamps that are joined together, located in the ring bearing 18 on the drive bearing seat 16, and sleeved on the outside of the main shaft 1. A cylindrical pin 13 is engaged at the bottom of the non-uniform speed grooved wheel 17. Symmetrically arranged first active dials 14 are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the cylindrical pins 13. The cross-section of the first active dials 14 is circular. The left first active dial 14 is fixedly connected to the right output shaft of the reduction mechanism 8 with drive and self-locking, and the right first active dial 14 is movably connected to the second drive column 11 through a rotating shaft and a bearing.

[0053] The transmission system includes a drive shaft 12. Multiple drive points of the drive system are connected through the drive shaft 12. A support seat 22 is installed on the ordinary column 21 between adjacent drive points. A ball bearing is provided inside the support seat 22. The drive shaft 12 passes through the ball bearing. A commutator 24 is fixedly connected to the front end of the drive and self-locking reduction mechanism 8. A universal joint 9 is connected between the drive shaft 12 and the commutator 24.

[0054] Among them, there are two cylindrical pins 13 on the first active dial 14. The cylindrical pins 13 are arranged with unequal pitch circle radii around the rotation axis of the first active dial 14 to drive or block the unequal speed groove wheel 17.

[0055] Among them, the bottom of the non-uniform speed groove wheel 17 is provided with tooth grooves. The tooth grooves are set according to the distribution of the cylindrical pins 13 on the first active dial 14. There are at least two types of tooth grooves, which match the cylindrical pins 13 on the first active dial 14 and engage with the cylindrical pins 13 with the transmission ratio changing at all times. This ensures that the cylindrical pins with different pitch circle radii on the active dial can engage with its tooth profile. When the cylindrical pins 13 engage with the non-uniform speed groove wheel 17, they run continuously and the transmission ratio changes at all times, forming non-uniform speed motion.

[0056] Among them, tooth groove reinforcing plates 15 are installed on both sides of the tooth groove center shaft position of the unequal speed groove wheel 17. The bottom of the tooth groove reinforcing plate 15 is provided with tooth grooves that correspond to and match the unequal speed groove wheel 17. Strengthening the unequal speed groove wheel 17 can enhance the stability of the meshing between the unequal speed groove wheel 17 and the cylindrical pin 13.

[0057] The commutator 24 includes a housing, inside which is a set of bevel gears with a speed ratio. The bevel gear set consists of a large bevel gear and a small bevel gear. The small bevel gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive and self-locking reduction mechanism 8, and the large bevel gear is fixedly connected to the universal joint 9. This allows the input shaft of the drive and self-locking reduction mechanism 8 to rotate more than one revolution when the drive shaft 12 rotates one revolution. Under the condition that the speed ratio, output speed and torque of the drive and self-locking reduction mechanism 8 remain unchanged, the rotation speed of the drive shaft 12 is reduced.

[0058] When the cylindrical pin 13 with a shorter pitch circle radius meshes with the non-uniform speed groove wheel 17, the transmission ratio is large, and the cutting-in and cutting-out process is a high torque stage. During this period, the output and holding torque of the non-uniform speed groove wheel is the maximum.

[0059] In the high wind protection state, the invention is set to 0°, and the tooth groove of the unequal speed groove wheel 17 is specifically reinforced locally. It can be seen that the tooth groove of the unequal speed groove wheel 17 is engaged with two cylindrical pins 13. The two cylindrical pins 13 are at different distances from the center of the first active dial 14. The cylindrical pin 13 that meshes with the tooth groove is at a smaller distance from the center of the first active dial 14, which represents a larger transmission ratio. When the high wind protection state is in operation, the tooth groove of the unequal speed groove wheel 17 meshes with the cylindrical pins 13. The larger transmission ratio brings greater torque, improving the wind resistance and stability.

[0060] In use, the deceleration mechanism 8 with drive and self-locking drives the first active dial 14 and the cylindrical pin 13. The cylindrical pin 13 drives the unequal speed groove wheel 17, which drives the main shaft 1. The main shaft 1 drives the photovoltaic module 2 to rotate and track. Specific Implementation Example 2:

[0062] like Figure 11-14 As shown, the difference between this specific embodiment and specific embodiment 1 is that at least one reduction structure is added between the non-uniform speed groove wheel 17 and the reduction mechanism 8 with drive and self-locking, forming a drive system that increases the reduction ratio and increases the output and holding torque of the non-uniform speed groove wheel 17.

[0063] The first-stage reduction structure includes a second active dial 25 and an inner grooved wheel 26 arranged on the left and right. Two pins are fixedly connected to the right side of the second active dial 25, and both pins are inserted into the grooves on the inner grooved wheel 26. An opening is provided on the mounting base 27, and the right output shaft of the reduction mechanism 8 with drive and self-locking passes through the opening and is connected to the second active dial 25. A through hole is provided on the first drive column 7, and a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the right side of the inner grooved wheel 26. The connecting rod passes through the through hole and is fixedly connected to the first active dial 14. This can realize multi-stage reduction and increase the reduction ratio through multi-stage reduction, thereby increasing the output and holding torque of the non-uniform speed grooved wheel 17.

[0064] The second active dial 25 is composed of a fixed plate and a cylinder. The cylinder has a socket, and slots are provided on both sides of the socket. A pin is fixedly connected to the right side of the fixed plate. The output shaft is inserted into the socket, and a locking block that matches the slot is fixedly connected to the output shaft.

[0065] Among them, the inner groove wheel assembly 26 is disc-shaped, and a circular slot is provided on one side surface of the inner groove wheel assembly 26. Four horizontal slots are provided on the edge of the circular slot, and the four horizontal slots form a "+" shape. The pin is inserted into the horizontal slot.

[0066] The multi-stage drive system, consisting of a drive-driven and self-locking reduction mechanism 8, a reduction structure, and a first active dial 14, can reduce the torsional resistance requirements between the drive-driven and self-locking reduction mechanism 8 and the unequal speed groove wheel 17. Specific Implementation Example 3:

[0068] like Figure 15 The difference between this specific embodiment and specific embodiment 1 is that: there are four cylindrical pins 13, the four cylindrical pins 13 are paired up, each pair of cylindrical pins 13 is axially symmetrical about the axis of the first active dial 14, the two pairs of cylindrical pins 13 are perpendicular to each other, and are arranged with unequal pitch circle radii with the center of the first active dial 14 as the center.

[0069] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A groove wheel type multi-stage multi-point drive photovoltaic tracking system, comprising a support system and a rotating system, the support system is provided with a plurality of piles (10), a plurality of piles (10) are provided with a column, the column comprises a first drive column (7), a second drive column (11) and a common column (21), the first drive column (7) and the second drive column (11) are located on the same pile (10) and are symmetrically arranged, and the whole is staggered with the common column (21), the top of the first drive column (7), the second drive column (11) and the common column (21) is fixedly connected with a column joint (20), and a drive bearing seat (16) and a common bearing seat (23) are respectively installed through the column joint (20), the rotating system is installed on the column and comprises a main shaft (1), the inner side of the drive bearing seat (16) and the common bearing seat (23) is fixedly connected with a ring bearing (18), the main shaft (1) passes through the ring bearing (18) in sequence, an assembly cross beam (3) is installed above the main shaft (1), and a cross beam pad plate (6) is arranged between the main shaft (1) and the assembly cross beam (3), two assembly inclined braces (4) are installed below the main shaft (1) and are arranged in front and back, an inclined brace pad plate (5) is arranged between the intersection of the main shaft (1) and one end of the two assembly inclined braces (4), the other end of the two assembly inclined braces (4) is connected with the assembly cross beam (3), and a photovoltaic module (2) is installed on the assembly cross beam (3). The drive system is provided with a plurality of driving points, each driving point comprising a belt drive and self-locking speed reduction mechanism (8), the first driving column (7) left side is provided with a mounting seat (27), the belt drive and self-locking speed reduction mechanism (8) is installed on the mounting seat (27), the first driving column (7) and the second driving column (11) are provided with a variable speed groove wheel (17), the variable speed groove wheel (17) bottom is provided with a plurality of tooth grooves, the variable speed groove wheel (17) top is fixedly connected with a hoop assembly (19), the hoop assembly (19) comprises two hoops which are combined up and down, located in the ring bearing (18) on the driving bearing seat (16) and sleeved on the outside of the main shaft (1), the variable speed groove wheel (17) bottom is clamped with a cylindrical pin (13), the cylindrical pin (13) left and right sides are fixedly connected with the symmetrically arranged first driving dial (14), the left first driving dial (14) is fixedly connected with the right side output shaft of the belt drive and self-locking speed reduction mechanism (8), and the right first driving dial (14) is movably connected with the second driving column (11) through the rotating shaft and the bearing. The transmission system comprises a transmission shaft (12), a plurality of driving points of the drive system are connected through the transmission shaft (12), and the common column (21) between adjacent driving points is provided with a supporting seat (22), and the supporting seat (22) is provided with a ball bearing in the inside, the transmission shaft (12) passes through the ball bearing, and the belt drive and self-locking speed reduction mechanism (8) is fixedly connected with a commutator (24) at the front end, and the transmission shaft (12) and the commutator (24) are connected with a universal joint (9). The first driving dial (14) is provided with a cylindrical pin (13), the cylindrical pin (13) is at least two, and the cylindrical pin (13) is arranged in an unequal pitch circle radius with the rotating shaft of the first driving dial (14) as the center, so as to drive or block the variable speed groove wheel (17).

2. A grooved wheel type multi-stage multi-point drive photovoltaic tracking system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The variable speed groove wheel (17) bottom is provided with a tooth groove, the tooth groove is arranged according to the distribution of the cylindrical pin (13) on the first driving dial (14), the tooth groove is at least two, matched with the cylindrical pin (13) on the first driving dial (14), and the transmission ratio between the cylindrical pin (13) changes at any time.

3. The grooved wheel type multi-stage multi-point drive photovoltaic tracking system according to claim 2, characterized in that, At least one speed reduction mechanism is added between the variable speed groove wheel (17) and the belt drive and self-locking speed reduction mechanism (8), to form a drive system with increased speed reduction ratio and increased output and holding torque of the variable speed groove wheel (17).

4. The grooved wheel type multi-stage multi-point drive photovoltaic tracking system according to claim 1, characterized in that, ​ 5. The grooved wheel type multi-stage multi-point drive photovoltaic tracking system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The primary speed reduction structure comprises a second driving dial (25) and an inner groove wheel (26) arranged left and right, the second driving dial (25) is fixedly connected with two pins arranged up and down on the right side, the two pins are inserted into the grooves on the inner groove wheel (26), the output shaft of the speed reduction mechanism (8) is penetrated through the opening on the mounting seat (27), and the output shaft is connected with the second driving dial (25), the first driving column (7) is provided with a through hole, the inner groove wheel (26) is fixedly connected with a connecting rod on the right side, the connecting rod is penetrated through the through hole and fixedly connected with the first driving dial (14).

6. The grooved wheel type multi-stage multi-point drive photovoltaic tracking system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second driving dial (25) is composed of a fixed plate and a cylinder, the cylinder is provided with a insertion hole, the insertion hole is provided with a clamping groove on both sides, the pin is fixedly connected on the right side of the fixed plate, the output shaft is inserted into the insertion hole, and the output shaft is fixedly connected with a clamping block matched with the clamping groove.

7. The grooved wheel type multi-stage multi-point drive photovoltaic tracking system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inner groove wheel (26) is in the shape of a round cake, the surface of one side of the inner groove wheel (26) is provided with a circular insertion slot, the edge of the circular insertion slot is provided with four horizontal grooves, and the four horizontal grooves form a "cross" shape, and the pin is inserted into the horizontal groove.

8. The groove wheel type multi-stage multi-point drive photovoltaic tracking system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reverser (24) comprises a shell, a group of tapered gear sets with acceleration ratios are arranged in the shell, the tapered gear sets are composed of a large tapered gear and a small tapered gear, the small tapered gear is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the speed reduction mechanism (8), and the large tapered gear is fixedly connected with the universal joint (9).

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