A flotation separation method for polymetallic lead-zinc sulfide ore

Abstract

The invention discloses a flotation separation method for polymetallic lead-zinc sulfide ores, and belongs to the technical field of mineral processing. The invention proposes a flotation separation method for polymetallic lead-zinc sulfide ores combined with organic agents and inorganic agents. The flotation process is carried out according to the following steps: (1) grinding and classifying the lead-zinc ore; (2) preparing a composite agent by mixing DL-cysteine ​​hydrochloride and sodium sulfite in a certain proportion; (3) flotation separation of brittle lead-antimony ore and sphalerite: adding an inhibitor, a collector, and a frother in sequence, and adopting a process flow of "one roughing, two sweeping, and two refining" to obtain lead concentrate, and the lead flotation tailings are subjected to a process flow of "one roughing, two sweeping, and three refining" to obtain zinc concentrate. The separation method is simple, practical, and has no pollution to the environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ore dressing, in particular to a flotation separation method for polymetallic lead-zinc sulfide ore. Background Art

[0002] Due to the increasing depletion of mineral resources, the co-existence relationship of sulfide minerals is complex, and the crystal size of useful minerals available for processing is relatively fine, which makes it extremely difficult to separate lead-zinc sulfide ores; in the flotation separation process of lead-zinc sulfide ores, a large amount of highly toxic cyanide is usually added as an inhibitor of zinc minerals, which leads to the deterioration of the flotation operation environment and poses a great risk of pollution and damage to the ecological environment around the plant. Therefore, it is of great significance to achieve green sorting and ensure the recovery of valuable metal resources without reducing the metal recovery rate. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a green inhibitor for zinc minerals in view of the limitations of existing reagents, and to improve the separation efficiency of lead and zinc and reduce environmental pollution by adjusting the reagent addition system and the flotation process.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a flotation separation method of polymetallic lead-zinc sulfide ore, comprising the following steps:

[0005] (1) Grinding: Grinding and classifying the ore containing lead and zinc minerals, with the -0.074 mm particle size accounting for 85.56% to 94.78%;

[0006] (2) Preparation of the drug: The drug is prepared by mass ratio of DL-cysteine ​​hydrochloride to sodium sulfite = 2:1 to 3:1 to prepare a composite drug with a mass concentration of 2%;

[0007] (3) Lead mineral flotation separation operation: adopting the process flow of "one roughing, two fines and two scavenging", adding the composite reagent described in step (2) as a zinc mineral inhibitor in the roughing, fines I and fines II, adding butyl xanthate as a lead mineral flotation collector in the roughing and scavenging I, and adding pine oil as a frother;

[0008] (4) Zinc mineral flotation separation operation: The process flow of "one roughing, three fines and two scavenging" is adopted. Lime and sodium humate are added as pyrite inhibitors in the roughing, fine separation I and fine separation II, respectively. Copper sulfate is added as zinc mineral activator in the scavenging I and scavenging II stages respectively. Butyl xanthate is added as a collector in the roughing and scavenging I stages.

[0009] The lead grade of the lead-zinc ore in step (1) is 0.90% to 1.22%, and the zinc grade is 7.13% to 8.79%.

[0010] In the lead ore flotation separation operation described in step (3), the dosage of the composite reagent in roughing, concentrating I and concentrating II ranges from 400 g / t to 1800 g / t per ton of raw ore.

[0011] In the lead mineral flotation separation operation described in step (3), the dosage of butyl xanthate in the rough selection ranges from 100 g / t to 200 g / t.

[0012] In the lead mineral flotation separation operation described in step (3), the dosage of butyl xanthate in scavenging I ranges from 40 g / t to 80 g / t.

[0013] In the lead mineral flotation separation operation described in step (3), the dosage of the foaming agent pine oil is in the range of 10 g / t to 15 g / t.

[0014] In the zinc ore flotation separation operation described in step (4), the amount of lime used in the roughing, concentrating I and concentrating II ranges from 100 g / t to 8000 g / t per ton of raw ore.

[0015] In the zinc mineral flotation separation operation described in step (4), the dosage of sodium humate is in the range of 150 g / t to 750 g / t.

[0016] In the zinc ore flotation separation operation described in step (4), the amount of copper sulfate used in the roughing and scavenging is in the range of 80 g / t to 300 g / t.

[0017] In the zinc ore flotation separation operation described in step (4), the amount of butyl xanthate used as the collector in the roughing and scavenging steps is 10 g / t to 150 g / t.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. The organic inhibitor used in the present invention is an amino corrosion inhibitor based on carboxyl, amino and thiol groups, which is non-toxic, easily soluble in water, and simple to prepare. The inorganic inhibitor sodium sulfite is widely available.

[0020] 2. The composite reagent proposed in the present invention can selectively combine with marmatite to enhance its surface hydrophilicity, thereby achieving cyanide-free separation of lead and zinc and reducing pollution to the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart of the flotation separation method of polymetallic lead-zinc sulfide ore described in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Example 1

[0023] This embodiment is an example of the flotation separation method of polymetallic lead-zinc sulfide ore described in the present invention. The implementation process is as follows: Figure 1As shown, the specific steps include:

[0024] Mineral raw materials: It is a lead-zinc sulfide ore in a certain place in Guangxi, which contains 0.90% lead, 1.57% antimony, 7.92% zinc, 23.08% iron, 21.33% sulfur and 1.02% arsenic. Phase analysis shows that the minerals are mainly antimony brittle lead sulfide and sphalerite; there are also small amounts of pyrite and arsenopyrite, and the gangue minerals are quartz and calcite.

[0025] (1) Grinding: Grinding and classifying the ore containing lead and zinc minerals, -0.074mm accounts for 84.56%;

[0026] (2) Preparation of the drug: According to the mass ratio, DL-cysteine ​​hydrochloride: sodium sulfite is prepared at a mass concentration of 2% in a ratio of 2:1;

[0027] (3) Lead ore flotation separation operation: The process flow of "one roughing, two fines and two sweeping" is adopted. The dosage of the composite depressant in roughing, fines I and fines II is 1500g / t, 800g / t and 400g / t respectively. In the roughing stage, 200g / t of butyl xanthate is added as a flotation collector, the dosage of pine oil as a foaming agent is 15g / t, and the collector butyl xanthate in sweeping I is 40g / t.

[0028] (4) Zinc ore flotation separation operation: adopt the process flow of "one roughing, three fines and two sweeping". The amount of lime used in roughing, fines I, fines II and fines III is 5000g / t, 2500g / t, 1500g / t and 500g / t respectively; the amount of copper sulfate used in roughing is 300g / t; the amount of collector used in roughing is 100g / t, and the amount of frother pine oil is 15g / t; the amount of sodium humate used in fines I, fines II and fines III is 750g / t, 550g / t and 150g / t respectively; in sweeping I, the amount of activator CuSO4 is 100g / t, and the amount of collector is 50g / t.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] This embodiment is another example of the flotation separation method of polymetallic lead-zinc sulfide ore of the present invention. The implementation process is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps include:

[0031] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the mineral raw material contains 1.22% lead, 0.45% antimony, 8.79% zinc, 21.22% iron, 23.43% sulfur and 0.54% arsenic.

[0032] (1) Grinding: Grinding and classifying the ore containing lead and zinc minerals, -0.074mm accounts for 88.78%;

[0033] (2) Preparation of the drug: According to the mass ratio, DL-cysteine ​​hydrochloride: sodium sulfite is prepared at a mass concentration of 2% according to a ratio of 2.5:1;

[0034] (3) Lead mineral flotation separation operation: The process flow of "one roughing, two fines and two sweeping" is adopted. The dosage of the composite depressant in roughing, fines I and fines II is 1800g / t, 700g / t and 400g / t respectively. In the roughing stage, 150g / t of butyl xanthate is added as a lead mineral flotation collector, the dosage of frother pine oil is 10g / t, and the collector in sweeping I is 60g / t.

[0035] (4) Zinc ore flotation separation operation: adopting the process flow of "one roughing, three fines and two sweeping", the dosage of lime in roughing, fines I, fines II and fines III is 8000g / t, 2000g / t, 1000g / t and 100g / t respectively; the dosage of copper sulfate in roughing is 500g / t; the dosage of collector in roughing is 100g / t, and the dosage of frother pine oil is 12g / t; the dosage of sodium humate in fines I, fines II and fines III is 650g / t, 450g / t and 200g / t respectively; in sweeping I, the dosage of activator CuSO4 is 80g / t, and the dosage of collector is 20g / t.

[0036] Example 3

[0037] This embodiment is another example of the flotation separation method of polymetallic lead-zinc sulfide ore of the present invention. The implementation process is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps include:

[0038] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that the mineral raw material contains 1.02% lead, 0.59% antimony, 7.13% zinc, 23.22% iron, 33.57% sulfur and 0.24% arsenic.

[0039] (1) Grinding: Grinding and classifying the ore containing lead and zinc minerals, -0.074mm accounts for 94.78%;

[0040] (2) Preparation of the drug: According to the mass ratio, DL-cysteine ​​hydrochloride: sodium sulfite is prepared at a mass concentration of 2% in a ratio of 3:1;

[0041] (3) Lead mineral flotation separation operation: The process of "one roughing, two fines and two sweeping" is adopted. The dosage of composite depressant in roughing, fines I and fines II is 1750g / t, 600g / t and 400g / t respectively. In the roughing stage, 100g / t of butyl xanthate is added as the lead mineral flotation collector, the dosage of frother pine oil is 15g / t, and the collector in sweeping I is 80g / t.

[0042] (4) Zinc ore flotation separation operation: adopting the process flow of "one roughing, three fines and two sweeping", the dosage of lime in roughing, fines I, fines II and fines III is 5000g / t, 2000g / t, 1000g / t and 550g / t respectively; the dosage of copper sulfate in roughing is 500g / t; the dosage of collector in roughing is 100g / t, and the dosage of frother pine oil is 12g / t; the dosage of sodium humate in fines I, fines II and fines III is 700g / t, 550g / t and 350g / t respectively; in sweeping I, the dosage of activator CuSO4 is 100g / t, and the dosage of collector is 10g / t.

[0043] Comparative Example 1:

[0044] Under the condition of feed grade of 1.20% lead, 9.60% zinc, 1.14% antimony, 10.54% sulfur and 0.31% arsenic, after one roughing, three sweeping and two concentrating, the zinc-sulfur tailings are subjected to "one roughing, three fines and two sweeping". Among them, the inhibitor is sodium cyanide, the dosage is 600g / t; the collector and frother are butyl xanthate and pine olein respectively, and the activator is CuSO4, the dosage is the same as that in Example 1.

[0045] Table 1 Comparison of test data

[0046]

[0047] In summary, the new composite organic reagent can achieve the same data indicators as sodium cyanide, indicating that under the same conditions, the composite reagent can achieve efficient separation of lead and zinc.

Claims

1. A flotation separation method for polymetallic lead-zinc sulfide ore, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Grinding: Grinding and classifying the ore containing lead and zinc minerals, with the -0.074 mm particle size accounting for 85.56% to 94.78%; (2) Preparation of the drug: The drug is prepared by mass ratio of DL-cysteine ​​hydrochloride to sodium sulfite = 2:1 to 3:1 to prepare a composite drug with a mass concentration of 2%; (3) Lead mineral flotation separation operation: adopting the process flow of "one roughing, two fines and two scavenging", adding the composite reagent described in step (2) as a zinc mineral inhibitor in the roughing, fines I and fines II, adding butyl xanthate as a lead mineral flotation collector in the roughing and scavenging I, and adding pine oil as a frother; (4) Zinc mineral flotation separation operation: The process flow of "one roughing, three fines and two scavenging" is adopted. Lime and sodium humate are added as pyrite inhibitors in the roughing, fine separation I and fine separation II, respectively. Copper sulfate is added as zinc mineral activator in the scavenging I and scavenging II stages respectively. Butyl xanthate is added as a collector in the roughing and scavenging I stages.

2. The flotation separation method of polymetallic lead-zinc sulfide ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lead grade of the lead-zinc ore in step (1) is 0.90% to 1.22%, and the zinc grade is 7.13% to 8.79%.

3. The flotation separation method of polymetallic lead-zinc sulfide ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the lead ore flotation separation operation described in step (3), the dosage of the composite reagent in roughing, concentrating I and concentrating II ranges from 400 g / t to 1800 g / t per ton of raw ore.

4. The flotation separation method of polymetallic lead-zinc sulfide ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the lead mineral flotation separation operation described in step (3), the dosage of butyl xanthate in the rough selection ranges from 100 g / t to 200 g / t.

5. The flotation separation method of polymetallic lead-zinc sulfide ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the lead mineral flotation separation operation described in step (3), the dosage of butyl xanthate in scavenging I ranges from 40 g / t to 80 g / t.

6. The flotation separation method of polymetallic lead-zinc sulfide ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the lead mineral flotation separation operation described in step (3), the dosage of the foaming agent pine oil is in the range of 10 g / t to 15 g / t.

7. The flotation separation method of polymetallic lead-zinc sulfide ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the zinc ore flotation separation operation described in step (4), the amount of lime used in the roughing, concentrating I and concentrating II ranges from 100 g / t to 8000 g / t per ton of raw ore.

8. The flotation separation method of polymetallic lead-zinc sulfide ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the zinc mineral flotation separation operation described in step (4), the dosage of sodium humate is in the range of 150 g / t to 750 g / t.

9. The flotation separation method of polymetallic lead-zinc sulfide ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the zinc ore flotation separation operation described in step (4), the amount of copper sulfate used in the roughing and scavenging is in the range of 80 g / t to 300 g / t.

10. The flotation separation method of polymetallic lead-zinc sulfide ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the zinc ore flotation separation operation described in step (4), the amount of butyl xanthate used as the collector in the roughing and scavenging steps is 10 g / t to 150 g / t.

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