A hydraulic cylinder

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of hydraulic technology and discloses a hydraulic cylinder comprising a cylinder body, a piston, a piston rod, a first locking pin and a second locking pin; the piston is located inside the cylinder body and can move back and forth, one end of the piston rod is located inside the cylinder body and fixedly connected to the piston, and the other end extends outside the cylinder body, and the piston divides the interior of the cylinder body into a rod chamber and a rodless chamber; the outer circumferential surface of the piston is provided with a first locking groove and a second locking groove, the first locking pin and the second locking pin are respectively connected to the cylinder body and can respectively move back and forth along the radial direction of the cylinder body; the first locking pin can extend into the first locking groove to lock the piston in a first position inside the cylinder body; the second locking pin can extend into the second locking groove to lock the piston in a second position inside the cylinder body. The hydraulic cylinder can be used as a clamping hydraulic cylinder to fix the piston in a clamping state or a guiding state by mechanical positioning, so that the system can be shut down without leakage or shrinkage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of hydraulic technology, and in particular relates to a hydraulic cylinder. Background Art

[0002] The drill clamp on the mining trolley, as an important component of the mining trolley, can control the drilling quality and ensure deviation when the mining trolley is drilling, thereby affecting the blasting effect.

[0003] The drill rod clamping hydraulic cylinder is particularly important in the drill clamp. The drill clamp uses the movement of the clamping hydraulic cylinder to guide and clamp the drill rod during drilling. When the clamping hydraulic cylinder is in the guiding state, it extends, leaving a fixed gap between the piston rod and the drill rod. During drilling, the drill rod passes through this gap and the clamping hydraulic cylinder guides the drill rod. When the clamping hydraulic cylinder is in the guiding state, it extends and clamps the drill rod through the piston rod, allowing the drill rod to be disassembled and assembled.

[0004] However, in the prior art, the above-mentioned actions are generally completed by using a two-stage cylinder or two groups of cylinders to complete the control. The overall system oil circuit is relatively complicated, and the two-stage cylinder and two-group cylinder solutions are relatively expensive. In addition, when the clamping hydraulic cylinder is maintained in the guiding state and the clamping state, the system must be kept on to keep the hydraulic cylinder in the loaded state at all times, otherwise there will be a risk of leakage and retraction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention discloses a hydraulic cylinder to overcome the above problems or at least partially solve the above problems.

[0006] The hydraulic cylinder includes a cylinder body, a piston, a piston rod, a first locking pin and a second locking pin; the cylinder body is provided with a first oil port and a second oil port, the piston is located inside the cylinder body and can move back and forth, one end of the piston rod is located inside the cylinder body and is fixedly connected to the piston, and the other end of the piston rod extends to the outside of the cylinder body, and the piston divides the interior of the cylinder body into a rod chamber and a rodless chamber which are respectively connected to the first oil port and the second oil port; the outer circumferential surface of the piston is provided with a first locking groove and a second locking groove, the first locking pin and the second locking pin are respectively connected to the cylinder body and can respectively move back and forth along the radial direction of the cylinder body; the first locking pin can extend into the first locking groove to lock the piston in a first position inside the cylinder body; the second locking pin can extend into the second locking groove to lock the piston in a second position inside the cylinder body.

[0007] Preferably, the hydraulic cylinder includes a locking ring; the locking ring is sleeved on the outside of the piston and is slidably connected to the cylinder body, and can reciprocate along the radial direction of the cylinder body; the first locking pin and the second locking pin are both fixed on the locking ring along the radial direction of the cylinder body, and can selectively move to the inside of the cylinder body as the locking ring reciprocates relative to the cylinder body.

[0008] Preferably, a third oil port and a fourth oil port are provided on the cylinder body, and the first locking pin and the second locking pin adopt a piston rod structure and are respectively connected to the third oil port and the fourth oil port.

[0009] Preferably, the hydraulic cylinder includes a positioning ball, a positioning spring and a positioning hole, and the first locking pin is provided with a first positioning groove and a second positioning groove distributed in sequence along the radial direction of the cylinder body; the positioning hole is located on the cylinder body, the positioning ball is located in the positioning hole, and the positioning spring is located between the positioning hole and the positioning ball to drive the positioning ball to move between the positioning hole and the first positioning groove or between the positioning hole and the second positioning groove; when the first locking pin is connected to the first locking groove, the positioning ball is connected to the first positioning groove; when the second locking pin is connected to the second locking groove, the positioning ball is connected to the second positioning groove.

[0010] Preferably, the piston is capable of rotating on its own; the first locking groove is an L-shaped structure including a vertical section along the axial direction and a transverse section along the circumferential direction, the vertical section is provided with an inclined surface, and the first locking pin contacts the inclined surface to drive the piston to rotate and enter the vertical section and the transverse section in sequence, and after the first locking pin enters the transverse section, the piston rotates in the opposite direction; the second locking groove is an L-shaped structure including a vertical section along the axial direction and a transverse section along the circumferential direction, the vertical section is provided with an inclined surface, and the second locking pin contacts the inclined surface to drive the piston to rotate and enter the vertical section and the transverse section in sequence, and after the second locking pin enters the transverse section, the piston rotates in the opposite direction.

[0011] Preferably, the hydraulic cylinder is further provided with a turntable; the turntable is coaxially connected to the cylinder body, the piston rod can pass through the turntable and extend to the outside of the cylinder body and is fixedly connected to the turntable along the circumferential direction, and the turntable can drive the piston to rotate back and forth.

[0012] Preferably, the hydraulic cylinder is also provided with a control spring, the cylinder body is provided with a rotating chamber, and the turntable is provided with blades; the blades are located in the rotating chamber and divide the rotating chamber into independent control chambers and spring chambers, the control chamber is connected to the rod chamber, and the control spring is located in the spring chamber; the oil in the rod chamber enters the control chamber and cooperates with the control spring to drive the blades to rotate back and forth in the rotating chamber.

[0013] Preferably, the turntable is provided with a sliding rod along the axial direction of the cylinder body, the sliding rod passes through the piston, the piston can move back and forth along the sliding rod, and the sliding rod can drive the piston to rotate back and forth.

[0014] Preferably, the first locking pin and the second locking pin are arranged at different cross sections in the cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, the first locking groove and the second locking groove are arranged at the same cross section of the piston.

[0016] The hydraulic cylinder of the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0017] 1. In the present invention, a first locking pin and a second locking pin are provided on the cylinder body, and a first locking groove and a second locking groove are provided on the piston. By utilizing the connection between the first locking pin and the first locking groove, the piston can be fixed in a clamped state by a mechanical positioning method. By utilizing the connection between the second locking pin and the second locking groove, the piston can be fixed in a guided state by a mechanical positioning method. Therefore, when the hydraulic cylinder is used as a clamping hydraulic cylinder and maintained in the guided state and the clamped state, the system can be shut down without the risk of leakage and shrinkage.

[0018] 2. In the present invention, a locking ring is provided on the cylinder body, and a first locking pin and a second locking pin are provided on the locking ring. By utilizing the reciprocating movement of the locking ring relative to the cylinder body, the first locking pin and the second locking pin can be controlled to switch the mechanical positioning of different positions of the piston, thereby controlling the extension position of the piston rod and realizing the free switching of the hydraulic cylinder between the clamping and guiding states.

[0019] 3. In the present invention, by providing a turntable and designing the first locking groove and the second locking groove into an L-shaped structure, the turntable is used to drive the piston to rotate relative to the first locking pin and the second locking pin, so that the locking pin can accurately enter and move out of the corresponding locking groove, thereby realizing the automatic and simple operation of positioning and releasing the positioning of the piston.

[0020] 4. In the present invention, by providing a blade, a control spring and a control chamber connected to the rod chamber, and providing an inclined surface on the locking groove, the reciprocating rotation control of the turntable can be achieved by utilizing the mutual cooperation between the oil pressure in the rod chamber and the force of the control spring, and then the connection relationship between the first locking pin and the second locking pin and the piston can be accurately controlled according to the movement state of the piston, thereby realizing automatic control of the hydraulic cylinder action. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the hydraulic cylinder of this embodiment;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure in the AA direction;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure in the middle BB direction;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the piston in the hydraulic cylinder of this embodiment from a first perspective;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the valve sleeve in the hydraulic cylinder of this embodiment from a second perspective. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] Combine Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the hydraulic cylinder in this embodiment includes a cylinder body 1, a piston 2, a piston rod 3, a first locking pin 4, and a second locking pin 5. The cylinder body 1 is provided with a first oil port 6 and a second oil port 7. The piston 2 is located within the cylinder body 1 and can reciprocate. One end of the piston rod 3 is located within the cylinder body 1 and is fixedly connected to the piston 2. The other end of the piston rod 3 extends outside the cylinder body 1. The piston 2 divides the interior of the cylinder body 1 into a rodless chamber 9 and a rod chamber 8, which are connected to the first oil port 6 and the second oil port 7, respectively. Furthermore, the outer circumference of the piston 2 is provided with a first locking groove 10 and a second locking groove 11. The first locking pin 4 and the second locking pin 5 are respectively connected to the cylinder body 1 and can reciprocate radially along the cylinder body 1. The first locking pin 4 can extend into the first locking groove 10 to lock the piston 2 in a first position within the cylinder body 1. The second locking pin 5 can extend into the second locking groove 11 to lock the piston 2 in a second position within the cylinder body 1.

[0028] When the hydraulic cylinder of this embodiment is used as a drill rod clamping hydraulic cylinder, when the piston moves to the first position within the cylinder body, that is, the piston drives the piston rod to fully extend to clamp the drill rod, the first locking pin is controlled to extend into the first locking groove, thereby fixing the piston in the cylinder body and mechanically positioning the piston in a clamped state. When the piston moves to the second position within the cylinder body, that is, the piston drives the piston rod to extend until the front end of the piston rod maintains a certain gap with the drill rod, the second locking pin is controlled to extend into the second locking groove, thereby fixing the piston in the cylinder body and mechanically positioning the piston in a guided state. In this way, when the hydraulic cylinder is used as a clamping hydraulic cylinder and maintained in the guided state and clamped state, the system can be shut down without the risk of leakage or shrinkage.

[0029] Among them, in this embodiment, the piston and the piston rod are designed as an integral part. Of course, in other embodiments, according to the design size of the entire hydraulic cylinder, the piston and the piston rod can also be designed as a split type to facilitate the processing and assembly of the piston and the piston rod.

[0030] Combine Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder further includes a locking ring 12. The locking ring 12 is sleeved on the outside of the piston 2 and forms a sliding connection with the cylinder body 1, capable of reciprocating in the radial direction of the cylinder body 1. The first locking pin 4 and the second locking pin 5 are both fixed to the locking ring 12 in the radial direction of the cylinder body 1 and can selectively move into the interior of the cylinder body 1 as the locking ring 12 reciprocates relative to the cylinder body 1. In other words, the reciprocating movement of the locking ring 12 relative to the cylinder body 1 can control the first locking pin 4 to move to form a connection with the first locking groove 10, or control the second locking pin 5 to move to form a connection with the second locking groove 11.

[0031] In this case, by securing the first and second locking pins with the aid of a locking ring, the movement of the first and second locking pins can be controlled by controlling the reciprocating movement of the locking ring, i.e., the first locking pin is controlled to connect with the first locking groove or the second locking pin is controlled to connect with the second locking groove, thereby improving the convenience of controlling the first and second locking pins. Of course, in other embodiments, two independent driving elements can also be provided to control the reciprocating movement of the first and second locking pins respectively.

[0032] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the cylinder body 1 is provided with a third oil port 13 and a fourth oil port 14. The first locking pin 4 and the second locking pin 5 are piston rods and communicate with the third and fourth oil ports, respectively. The two locking pins secured to the locking ring and the third and fourth oil ports form a double-acting piston-like structure. By controlling the connection between the third and fourth oil ports and the external control oil circuit, the reciprocating movement of the locking ring relative to the cylinder body can be controlled, achieving hydraulic drive control of the locking ring.

[0033] Combine Figure 3 As shown, the hydraulic cylinder of this embodiment is further provided with a positioning ball 15, a positioning spring 16, and a positioning hole 17. The first locking pin 4 is provided with a first positioning groove 18 and a second positioning groove 19, which are sequentially distributed along the radial direction of the cylinder body 1. The positioning hole 17 is provided on the cylinder body 1 along the axial direction of the cylinder body 1. The positioning ball 15 is located in the positioning hole 17. The positioning spring 16 is located between the positioning hole 17 and the positioning ball 15 to drive the positioning ball 15 to move between the positioning hole 17 and the first positioning groove 18 or between the positioning hole 17 and the second positioning groove 19, thereby positioning the first locking pin 4 in a radially movable position relative to the cylinder body 1.

[0034] When the first locking pin 4 is connected to the first locking groove 10, the positioning ball 15 moves to connect with the first positioning groove 18, thereby mechanically positioning the first locking pin 4 in the position connected to the first locking groove 10 in the piston 2. When the second locking pin 4 is connected to the second locking groove 11, the positioning ball 15 moves to connect with the second positioning groove 19, thereby mechanically positioning the second locking pin 5 in the position connected to the second locking groove 11 in the piston 2.

[0035] In this way, accidental relative movement between the locking ring and the cylinder body can be avoided, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the hydraulic cylinder in the locked state. Of course, in other embodiments, the positioning groove can also be set on the second locking pin, and the position of the locking ring can be fixed by connecting the positioning ball with the second locking pin. In addition, corresponding positioning balls, positioning springs and positioning holes can be set on the two locking pins respectively.

[0036] Further, combined Figure 1 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the piston 2 is capable of rotating, and the first locking groove 10 and the second locking groove 11 are both L-shaped structures, including a vertical section 20 along the axial direction of the piston and a transverse section 21 along the circumferential direction of the piston. The vertical section 20 extends to the end face of the piston and is provided with a slope 22 on the side close to the transverse section 21.

[0037] At this time, when the piston 2 moves toward the rod chamber 8, when it moves to the first locking pin 4, the inclined surface 22 in the first locking groove 10 first contacts the first locking pin 4. As the piston 2 continues to move, the first locking pin 4 drives the piston 2 to start rotating through the inclined surface 22, and rotates to the vertical section 20 to align with the first locking pin 4. The piston 2 then moves until the first locking pin 4 contacts the transverse section 21. After that, the piston 2 can rotate in the opposite direction, causing the first locking pin 4 to move relatively into the transverse section 21, thereby completing the connection between the first locking pin 4 and the first locking groove 10. When the piston 2 needs to move toward the rodless chamber 9, the piston 2 is first controlled to rotate and the first locking pin 4 is rotated along the transverse section 21 until it contacts the vertical section 20. The piston 2 then begins to move toward the rodless chamber 9, causing the first locking pin 4 to disconnect from the first locking groove 10. Similarly, the second locking pin 4 and the second locking groove 11 are connected and disconnected in the same manner.

[0038] Combine Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the hydraulic cylinder of this embodiment also features a rotary disk 23. This rotary disk 23 is located at one end of the cylinder body 1 containing the rod chamber 8 and is coaxially connected to the cylinder body 1. The piston rod 3 can extend through the rotary disk 23 to the exterior of the cylinder body 1 and is fixedly connected to the rotary disk 23 along its circumference. The rotary disk 23 drives the piston 2 in reciprocating rotation. By controlling the reciprocating rotation of the rotary disk, the first locking pin can be precisely controlled to enter and exit the first locking groove, and the second locking pin can be precisely controlled to enter and exit the second locking groove.

[0039] The hydraulic cylinder of this embodiment also includes a control spring 24, a rotating chamber 25 within the cylinder body 1, and a vane 26 on the rotary disk 23. Vane 26 is located within the rotating chamber 25 and divides it into a separate control chamber 27 and a spring chamber 28. The control chamber 27 communicates with the rod chamber 8 via an oil passage 30. The control spring 24 is located within the spring chamber 28, which is then connected to the outside air. The oil in the rod chamber 8 enters the control chamber 27 and interacts with the control spring 24 to drive the vane 26 to reciprocate within the rotating chamber 25, thereby controlling the reciprocating rotation of the rotary disk 23.

[0040] At this time, in the process of the piston rod extending, there is low-pressure oil in the rod chamber, and the blade rotates to the end of the control chamber under the action of the control spring, so that the turntable drives the piston to rotate to the position where the inclined surface of the first locking groove is aligned with the first locking pin along the axial direction of the cylinder body and the inclined surface of the second locking groove is aligned with the second locking pin along the axial direction of the cylinder body. Then, in the process of the pressure oil in the rodless chamber pushing the piston to move, the piston can be rotated with the cooperation of the locking pin and the corresponding inclined surface, and the blade is driven to rotate by the turntable to form compression on the control spring. After the piston moves to the terminal, the control spring can drive the blade to drive the turntable to rotate in the opposite direction under the action of the restoring force, so that the piston rotates in the opposite direction and the locking pin is rotated into the transverse section of the corresponding locking groove, thereby completing the connection between the locking pin and the piston. When the piston contracts, high-pressure oil flows into the rod chamber, and the high-pressure oil simultaneously enters the control chamber to overcome the control spring and drive the blade to drive the turntable to rotate, so that the piston rotates and the locking pin rotates to the position where the horizontal section and the vertical section in the corresponding locking groove are connected. After that, the piston can be moved toward the rodless chamber under the driving action of the high-pressure oil in the rod chamber, thereby disengaging the locking pin from the piston and releasing the limit on the piston.

[0041] In this way, the reciprocating rotation of the turntable can be controlled by utilizing the interaction force between the oil pressure that controls the reciprocating movement of the piston and the control spring, and then the connection relationship between the first locking pin and the second locking pin and the piston can be accurately controlled according to the movement state of the piston, thereby realizing automatic control of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0042] In this embodiment, the turntable 23 is provided with two slide rods 29 along the axial direction of the cylinder body 1. The two slide rods 29 pass through the piston 2 and form an axial sliding connection with the piston 2, so that the piston 2 can move back and forth along the slide rods 29 and rotate synchronously with the turntable 23.

[0043] Combine Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the first locking pin 4 and the second locking pin 5 are arranged in the same straight line along the diameter direction of the cylinder body 1, and the two are located on two cross sections at different heights, while the first locking groove 10 and the second locking groove 11 on the piston 2 are located in the same diameter direction of the piston 2 and on the same cross section.

[0044] In this way, the height difference between the first locking pin and the second locking pin along the axial direction of the cylinder body is utilized to achieve mechanical locking of the piston in both the clamped and guided states, while also facilitating the fabrication of the two locking grooves on the piston. Of course, in other embodiments, the two locking pins may be provided with the same cross-section, while the two locking grooves may be provided with different cross-sections. Even in other embodiments, both the two locking pins and the two locking grooves may be provided with different cross-sections.

[0045] Combine Figures 1 to 5 As shown, when the hydraulic cylinder of this embodiment is used as a drill rod clamping hydraulic cylinder, after the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the system through the first oil port, the second oil port, the third oil port and the fourth oil port, its specific working process is as follows:

[0046] When the drill pipe needs to be clamped, first, connect the first oil port 6 to the high-pressure oil circuit, connect the second oil port 7 to the low-pressure oil circuit, connect the third oil port 13 to the control oil circuit, and lead the control oil to the third oil port 13 to drive the locking ring 12 to move rightward relative to the cylinder body 1. Figure 1In the position shown, the first locking pin 4 is moved to the inside of the cylinder body 1, and the second locking pin 5 is moved out of the inside of the cylinder body 1. At the same time, the positioning ball 15 is driven by the positioning spring 16 to move between the positioning hole 17 and the first positioning groove 18, thereby positioning the position between the first locking pin 4 and the cylinder body 1; then, high-pressure oil is introduced into the rodless chamber 9 through the first oil port 6 to drive the piston 2 to drive the piston rod 3 to extend, and the oil in the rod chamber 8 is discharged through the second outlet 7. The vane 26 is maintained at the end of the control chamber 27 under the action of the control spring 24, so that the inclined surface 22 of the first locking groove 10 on the piston 2 is aligned with the first locking pin 4 along the axial direction of the cylinder body 1. When the piston 2 moves to the inclined surface 22 of the first locking groove 10 and forms contact with the first locking pin 4, the high-pressure oil continues to drive the piston 2 moves, so that under the action of the first locking pin 4 and the inclined surface 22, the piston 2 starts to rotate, causing the vertical section 20 of the first locking groove 10 to rotate to a position in contact with the first locking pin 4. At the same time, the turntable 23 drives the blade 26 to rotate by overcoming the force of the control spring 24; then, the high-pressure oil continues to drive the piston 2 to move, and when the piston rod 3 is fully extended with the movement of the piston 2, the drill pipe is clamped, and the first locking pin 4 moves relatively to the connecting position of the transverse section 21 and the vertical section 20. Under the action of the restoring force of the control spring 24, the blade 26 starts to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the turntable 23 to drive the piston 2 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the first locking pin 4 is relatively moved again to the transverse section 21 of the first locking groove 10, thereby mechanically locking the piston 2 in the clamped state.

[0047] When the hydraulic cylinder clamps the drill rod for a long time, the system can be shut down and the first locking pin 4 locks the position of the piston 2 to position the piston rod 3 in the clamped position, so that the system does not need to work all the time, saving energy.

[0048] When the hydraulic cylinder needs to be retracted, the first oil port 6 is connected to the low-pressure oil circuit, and the second oil port 7 is connected to the high-pressure oil circuit. The high-pressure oil is introduced into the rod chamber 8 through the second oil port 7, and the oil in the rodless chamber 9 is discharged through the first oil port 6. A part of the high-pressure oil in the rod chamber 8 flows into the control chamber 27 through the oil circuit 30 to drive the blade 26 to overcome the force of the control spring 24 and rotate in the direction of the spring chamber 28, thereby driving the piston 2 to rotate through the turntable 23, so that the first locking pin 4 moves relative to the transverse section 21 of the first locking groove 10 to a position connected with the vertical section 20, and the other part of the high-pressure oil pushes the piston 2 to move toward the rodless chamber 9, so that the first locking pin 4 moves relatively along the vertical section 20 and disengages from the connection with the first locking groove 10 until the piston 2 is pushed to the end of the rodless chamber 9, completing the retraction operation of the piston rod 3. At the same time, after the first locking pin 4 moves out of the first locking groove 10, the control spring 24 pushes the blade 26 to start rotating in the opposite direction under the action of the restoring force, so that the turntable 23 drives the piston 2 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the inclined surface 22 of the first locking groove 10 rotates and is aligned with the first locking pin 4 along the axial direction of the cylinder body 1.

[0049] When it is necessary to guide the drill pipe, first, connect the first oil port 6 with the high-pressure oil circuit, connect the second oil port 7 with the low-pressure oil circuit, connect the fourth oil port 14 with the control oil circuit, and lead the control oil to the fourth oil port 14 to drive the locking ring 12 to move left relative to the cylinder body 1, that is, move the second locking pin 5 to the inside of the cylinder body 1, and move the first locking pin 4 out of the inside of the cylinder body 1. At the same time, the positioning ball 15 is driven by the positioning spring 16 to move between the positioning hole 17 and the second positioning groove 19, thereby positioning the position between the second locking pin 5 and the cylinder body 1; then, high-pressure oil is introduced into the rodless chamber 9 through the first oil port 6 to drive the piston 2 to drive the piston rod 3 to extend, and the oil in the rod chamber 8 is discharged through the second outlet 7. The vane 26 is maintained at the end of the control chamber 27 under the action of the control spring 24, so that the inclined surface 22 of the second locking groove 11 on the piston 2 is aligned with the second locking pin 5 along the axial direction of the cylinder body 1. When the piston 2 moves When the inclined surface 22 in the second locking groove 11 comes into contact with the second locking pin 5, the high-pressure oil continues to drive the piston 2 to move, so that under the action of the second locking pin 5 and the inclined surface 22, the piston 2 starts to rotate, causing the vertical section 20 of the second locking groove 11 to rotate to a position aligned with the second locking pin 5, and at the same time driving the vane 26 to rotate through the turntable 23 to overcome the force of the control spring 24; then, the high-pressure oil continues to drive the piston 2 to move until the piston rod 3 moves with the piston 2 to a position where there is a certain gap between its top and the drill pipe, guiding the drill pipe, and the second locking pin 5 moves relatively to the connecting position of the transverse section 21 and the vertical section 20. Under the action of the restoring force of the control spring 24, the vane 26 starts to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the turntable 23 to drive the piston 2 to rotate in the opposite direction, and moving the second locking pin 5 relatively to the transverse section 21 of the second locking groove 11, thereby mechanically locking the piston 2 in the guided state.

[0050] When the hydraulic cylinder guides the drill rod for a long time, the system can be shut down and the second locking pin 5 locks the position of the piston 2 to position the piston rod 3 in the guiding position, so that the system does not need to work all the time, saving energy.

[0051] When the hydraulic cylinder needs to be retracted, the first oil port 6 is connected to the low-pressure oil circuit, and the second oil port 7 is connected to the high-pressure oil circuit. The high-pressure oil is introduced into the rod chamber 8 through the second oil port 7, and the oil in the rodless chamber 9 is discharged through the first oil port 6. A part of the high-pressure oil in the rod chamber 8 flows to the control chamber 27 through the oil circuit 30 to drive the blade 26 to overcome the force of the control spring 24 and rotate toward the spring chamber 28, thereby driving the piston 2 to rotate through the turntable 23, so that the second locking pin 5 moves relative to the transverse section 21 of the second locking groove 11 to a position connected to the vertical section 20, and the other part of the high-pressure oil pushes the piston 2 to move toward the rodless chamber 9, so that the second locking pin 5 moves relatively along the vertical section 20 and disengages from the second locking groove 11 until the piston 2 is pushed to the end of the rodless chamber 9, completing the retraction operation of the piston rod 3. At the same time, after the second locking pin 5 moves out of the second locking groove 11, the control spring 24 pushes the blade 26 to start rotating in the opposite direction under the action of the restoring force, so that the turntable 23 drives the piston 2 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the inclined surface 22 of the second locking groove 11 rotates and is aligned with the second locking pin 5 along the axial direction of the cylinder body 1.

Claims

1. A hydraulic cylinder, characterized in that: The cam is secured to the interior of the cylinder and has a first end secured therein so that the cam can be reciprocated when the cam is in the closed position. The hydraulic cylinder includes a locking ring; the locking ring is sleeved on the outside of the piston and is slidably connected to the cylinder body, and can reciprocate in the radial direction of the cylinder body; the first locking pin and the second locking pin are both fixed to the locking ring in the radial direction of the cylinder body, and can selectively move into the interior of the cylinder body as the locking ring reciprocates relative to the cylinder body; The cylinder body is provided with a third oil port and a fourth oil port, the first locking pin and the second locking pin adopt a piston rod structure and are respectively connected to the third oil port and the fourth oil port; The piston is capable of rotating on its own; the first locking groove is an L-shaped structure including a vertical section along the axial direction and a transverse section along the circumferential direction, the vertical section is provided with an inclined surface, and the first locking pin contacts the inclined surface to drive the piston to rotate and enter the vertical section and the transverse section in sequence, and after the first locking pin enters the transverse section, the piston rotates in the opposite direction; the second locking groove is an L-shaped structure including a vertical section along the axial direction and a transverse section along the circumferential direction, the vertical section is provided with an inclined surface, and the second locking pin contacts the inclined surface to drive the piston to rotate and enter the vertical section and the transverse section in sequence, and after the second locking pin enters the transverse section, the piston rotates in the opposite direction.

2. The hydraulic cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that The hydraulic cylinder includes a positioning ball, a positioning spring and a positioning hole. The first locking pin is provided with a first positioning groove and a second positioning groove distributed in sequence along the radial direction of the cylinder body; the positioning hole is located on the cylinder body, the positioning ball is located in the positioning hole, and the positioning spring is located between the positioning hole and the positioning ball to drive the positioning ball to move between the positioning hole and the first positioning groove or between the positioning hole and the second positioning groove; when the first locking pin is connected to the first locking groove, the positioning ball is connected to the first positioning groove; when the second locking pin is connected to the second locking groove, the positioning ball is connected to the second positioning groove.

3. The hydraulic cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that The hydraulic cylinder is also provided with a turntable; the turntable is coaxially connected to the cylinder body, the piston rod can pass through the turntable and extend to the outside of the cylinder body and is fixedly connected to the turntable along the circumferential direction, and the turntable can drive the piston to rotate back and forth.

4. The hydraulic cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that The hydraulic cylinder is also provided with a control spring, the cylinder body is provided with a rotating chamber, and the turntable is provided with a blade; the blade is located in the rotating chamber and divides the rotating chamber into an independent control chamber and a spring chamber, the control chamber is connected to the rod chamber, and the control spring is located in the spring chamber; the oil in the rod chamber enters the control chamber and cooperates with the control spring to drive the blade to rotate back and forth in the rotating chamber.

5. The hydraulic cylinder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The turntable is provided with a sliding rod along the axial direction of the cylinder body. The sliding rod passes through the piston. The piston can move back and forth along the sliding rod, and the sliding rod can drive the piston to rotate back and forth.

6. The hydraulic cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The first locking pin and the second locking pin are disposed at different cross sections in the cylinder.

7. The hydraulic cylinder according to claim 6, characterized in that The first locking groove and the second locking groove are provided at the same cross section of the piston.

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