A series zone heating high temperature and high pressure heater

Abstract

The present invention discloses a series zone heating high temperature and high pressure heater, comprising: a water-cooled pressure shell, a high temperature support frame, a primary heating heat storage body, a secondary heating heat storage body, a high frequency induction heater, a high temperature insulation shell and a high temperature stabilizing chamber; wherein the high temperature support frame and the high temperature insulation shell are both arranged inside the water-cooled pressure shell; the high temperature support frame is located at the bottom of the water-cooled pressure shell, and the high temperature insulation shell is arranged on the upper part of the high temperature support frame; the primary heating heat storage body and the secondary heating heat storage body are both located inside the high temperature insulation shell; the primary heating heat storage body is arranged on the upper part of the high temperature support frame, and the secondary heating heat storage body is arranged on the upper part of the primary heating heat storage body; the high frequency induction heater is wound around the outer surface of the high temperature insulation shell; the high temperature stabilizing chamber passes through the water-cooled pressure shell and is connected to the opening opened on the upper part of the high temperature insulation shell. The present invention avoids the formation of pollutants, produces pure high temperature and high pressure gas, and improves the flow field quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aerodynamic wind tunnel tests for aerospace vehicles, and in particular relates to a series zoned heating high-temperature and high-pressure heater. Background Art

[0002] Hypersonic wind tunnels are important test facilities for aerodynamic research on hypersonic aircraft. Their principle is to use the expansion acceleration of high-temperature, high-pressure gas in the Laval nozzle to produce a hypersonic flow field. The heating method in existing technologies mainly uses kerosene or natural gas combustion heating, which easily produces carbon deposits on the heat storage body and affects the flow field quality. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem solved by the present invention is: to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, to provide a series zoned heating high temperature and high pressure heater, to avoid the formation of pollutants, to produce pure high temperature and high pressure gas, and to improve the flow field quality.

[0004] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical scheme: A series zoned heating high-temperature and high-pressure heater, comprising: a water-cooled pressure shell, a high-temperature support frame, a primary heating heat storage body, a secondary heating heat storage body, a high-frequency induction heater, a high-temperature insulation shell and a high-temperature pressure stabilizing chamber; wherein the high-temperature support frame and the high-temperature insulation shell are both arranged inside the water-cooled pressure shell; the high-temperature support frame is located at the bottom of the water-cooled pressure shell, and the high-temperature insulation shell is arranged on the upper part of the high-temperature support frame; the primary heating heat storage body and the secondary heating heat storage body are both located inside the high-temperature insulation shell; the primary heating heat storage body is arranged on the upper part of the high-temperature support frame, and the secondary heating heat storage body is arranged on the upper part of the primary heating heat storage body; the high-frequency induction heater is wound around the outer surface of the high-temperature insulation shell; the high-temperature pressure stabilizing chamber passes through the water-cooled pressure shell and is connected with the opening opened in the upper part of the high-temperature insulation shell.

[0005] In the above-mentioned series zoned heating high-temperature and high-pressure heater, the water-cooled pressure shell includes a base, a lower head, a cylindrical section and an upper head; wherein the lower head is connected to one end of the cylindrical section, and the upper head is connected to the other end of the cylindrical section; the base is connected to the lower head.

[0006] In the above-mentioned series zoned heating high-temperature and high-pressure heater, the cylindrical section includes a pressure-bearing layer and a cooling layer; wherein the pressure-bearing layer and the cooling layer are connected, and the channel between the pressure-bearing layer and the cooling layer is filled with cooling water.

[0007] In the above-mentioned series zoned heating high-temperature and high-pressure heater, the high-temperature support frame includes a first disc, a plurality of support columns and a second disc; wherein the first disc is connected to the second disc through a plurality of support columns; and through holes are provided in the centers of the first disc and the second disc.

[0008] In the above-mentioned series zoned heating high-temperature and high-pressure heater, the water-cooled pressure shell also includes an air inlet pipe; wherein the through hole opened in the center of the lower head is connected to one end of the air inlet pipe; the other end of the air inlet pipe is connected to the through hole opened in the center of the first disk.

[0009] In the above-mentioned series zoned heating high-temperature and high-pressure heater, a plurality of protrusions are arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the cylindrical section; wherein the connecting line of the plurality of protrusions forms a circle; and the first disc is arranged on the protrusions.

[0010] In the above-mentioned series zoned heating high-temperature and high-pressure heater, the first-level heating heat storage body includes a first-level heating shell and a first-level heating heat storage element; wherein the first-level heating heat storage element is arranged inside the first-level heating shell; the second-level heating heat storage body includes a second-level heating shell and a second-level heating heat storage element; wherein the second-level heating heat storage element is arranged inside the second-level heating shell.

[0011] In the above-mentioned series zoned heating high-temperature and high-pressure heater, the high-frequency induction heater includes a high-frequency induction coil, a water-cooled cable and a high-frequency power supply; wherein, the high-frequency induction coil is wound on the outer surface of the high-temperature thermal insulation shell; the high-frequency induction coil is connected to the high-frequency power supply through the water-cooled cable; the high-frequency induction coil is wound by a water-cooled copper tube, and the outer surface of the high-frequency induction coil is electroplated with a layer of reflective coating.

[0012] In the above series zone heating high temperature and high pressure heater, the temperature rise of the working gas filled into the first-stage heating heat storage body is obtained by the following formula:

[0013]

[0014] Where α is the heat transfer coefficient, ΔT g1 is the temperature rise of the working gas filled into the first-stage heating regenerator, l 1 is the length of the primary heating regenerator, n 1 is the number of vents in the primary heating thermal storage element, d 1 is the diameter of the vent hole of the primary heating thermal storage element, T h1 is the temperature of the primary heating thermal storage body, T g1 is the temperature of the working gas filled into the first-stage heating regenerator, m 1 is the flow rate of the working gas filled into the first-stage heating regenerator, c pis the specific heat of the working gas.

[0015] In the above series zone heating high temperature and high pressure heater, the temperature rise of the working gas filled into the secondary heating heat storage body is obtained by the following formula:

[0016]

[0017] Where α is the heat transfer coefficient, ΔT g2 is the temperature rise of the working gas filled into the secondary heating regenerator, l 2 is the length of the secondary heating thermal storage body, n 2 is the number of vents in the secondary heating thermal storage element, d 2 is the diameter of the vent hole of the secondary heating thermal storage element, T h2 is the temperature of the secondary heating thermal storage body, T g2 is the temperature of the working gas filled into the secondary heating regenerator, m 2 is the flow rate of the working gas filled into the secondary heating regenerator, c p is the specific heat of the working gas.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The present invention adopts high-frequency induction heating. The high-frequency induction coil generates a high-frequency alternating electromagnetic field, which generates high-frequency eddy current loss inside the heat storage body, so that the temperature of the heat storage body increases. When the gas flows through the gap between the heat storage elements, heat exchange occurs, the heat of the heat storage body is absorbed, and the gas temperature increases, thereby achieving the purpose of heating the gas. The heating method avoids the formation of pollutants and can produce pure high-temperature and high-pressure gas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. Moreover, the same reference symbols are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a series zoned heating high temperature and high pressure heater provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a water-cooled pressure-bearing housing provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a high temperature support frame provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a primary heating heat storage body provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a secondary heating heat storage body provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-temperature stabilizing chamber provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided in order to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to be able to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features described in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a series zone heating high temperature and high pressure heater provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the series zone heating high temperature and high pressure heater comprises: a water-cooled pressure shell 1, a high temperature support frame 2, a primary heating heat storage body 3, a secondary heating heat storage body 4, a high frequency induction heater 5, a high temperature insulation shell 6 and a high temperature stabilizing chamber 7. Among them,

[0029] The high-temperature support frame 2 and the high-temperature insulation shell 6 are both arranged inside the water-cooled pressure shell 1; the high-temperature support frame 2 is located at the bottom of the water-cooled pressure shell 1, and the high-temperature insulation shell 6 is arranged on the upper part of the high-temperature support frame 2; the first-level heating heat storage body 3 and the second-level heating heat storage body 4 are both located inside the high-temperature insulation shell 6; the first-level heating heat storage body 3 is arranged on the upper part of the high-temperature support frame 2, and the second-level heating heat storage body 4 is arranged on the upper part of the first-level heating heat storage body 3; the high-frequency induction heater 5 is wound around the outer surface of the high-temperature insulation shell 6; the high-temperature pressure stabilizing chamber 7 passes through the water-cooled pressure shell 1 and is connected to the opening opened on the upper part of the high-temperature insulation shell 6.

[0030] The high-frequency induction heater 5 is used to heat the primary heating thermal storage body 3 and the secondary heating thermal storage body 4 respectively. After reaching a certain high temperature, the working gas is introduced from the air inlet pipe at the bottom of the heater. The working gas enters the primary heating thermal storage body 3 through the pipe in the center of the high-temperature support frame 2. A plurality of micropores are processed in the primary heating thermal storage body 3. When the gas passes through the micropores, it exchanges heat with the primary heating thermal storage body 3, and then enters the secondary heating thermal storage body 4, continues to exchange heat inside the secondary heating thermal storage body 4, and finally enters the high-temperature stabilizing chamber 7 to be discharged from the heater.

[0031] The temperature rise of the working gas filled into the primary heating regenerator 3 is obtained by the following formula:

[0032]

[0033] Where α is the heat transfer coefficient, ΔT g1 is the temperature rise of the working gas filled into the primary heating regenerator 3, l 1 is the length of the primary heating thermal storage body 3, n 1 is the number of vents in the primary heating thermal storage element, d 1 is the diameter of the vent hole of the primary heating thermal storage element, T h1 is the temperature of the primary heating thermal storage body 3, T g1 is the temperature of the working gas filled into the primary heating regenerator 3, m 1 is the flow rate of the working gas charged into the primary heating regenerator 3, c p is the specific heat of the working gas.

[0034] The temperature rise of the working gas filled into the secondary heating heat storage body 4 is obtained by the following formula:

[0035]

[0036] Where α is the heat transfer coefficient, ΔT g2 is the temperature rise of the working gas filled into the secondary heating regenerator 4, l 2 is the length of the secondary heating thermal storage body 4, n 2 is the number of vents in the secondary heating thermal storage element, d 2 is the diameter of the vent hole of the secondary heating thermal storage element, T h2 is the temperature of the secondary heating thermal storage body 4, T g2 is the temperature of the working gas filled into the secondary heating heat storage body 4, m 2 is the flow rate of the working gas charged into the secondary heating regenerator 4, c p is the specific heat of the working gas.

[0037] It can be seen that the present invention increases the temperature T of the secondary heat storage body by serially heating the heat storage body. h , increasing the number of vents can effectively increase the working gas temperature. At the same time, through the series staged heating method, using the oxidation resistance and heat shock resistance of the first-stage heater, the second-stage heat storage body on the wall directly contacts the low-temperature gas, which can effectively reduce the burning of the second-stage heat storage body and greatly improve the heating service life.

[0038] like Figure 2As shown, the water-cooled pressure-bearing shell 1 includes a base 11, a lower head 12, a cylindrical section 13 and an upper head 14; wherein the lower head 12 is connected to one end of the cylindrical section 13, and the upper head 14 is connected to the other end of the cylindrical section 13; the base 11 is connected to the lower head 12. Further, the cylindrical section 13 includes a pressure-bearing layer and a cooling layer; wherein the pressure-bearing layer and the cooling layer are connected, and the channel between the pressure-bearing layer and the cooling layer is filled with cooling water. The shell material is processed by a nickel-based alloy with low magnetic permeability. The inner layer is a pressure-bearing layer, and the pressure can reach up to 40MPa. The outer layer is a cooling layer, and it forms a water-cooling channel with the inner layer, and is cooled by softened water. Cooling channels are set at both end heads, and are cooled by softened water. A temperature measuring hole is set in the upper head, and a high-temperature infrared thermometer is used to detect the temperature of the internal heat storage body. A power supply electrode is set in the upper head to power the internal electromagnetic high-frequency induction heating coil. A thermocouple connection terminal is set in the upper head for signal derivation of the internal temperature sensor.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, the high temperature support frame 2 includes a first disc 21, a plurality of support columns 22 and a second disc 23; wherein the first disc 21 is connected to the second disc 23 through a plurality of support columns 22; and a through hole is provided in the center of the first disc 21 and the second disc 23. Specifically, as Figure 1 As shown, a plurality of protrusions 131 are disposed at the bottom of the inner wall of the cylindrical section 13 ; wherein a line connecting the plurality of protrusions 131 forms a circle; and the first disc 21 is disposed on the protrusions 131 .

[0040] The water-cooled pressure-bearing housing 1 also includes an air intake pipe; wherein the through hole opened in the center of the lower head 12 is connected to one end of the air intake pipe; and the other end of the air intake pipe is connected to the through hole opened in the center of the first disc 21. The air intake pipe is installed in the center of the first disc 21 by welding or threading. A gas balance hole is processed around the air intake pipe to balance the gas pressure inside the heater.

[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, the primary heating thermal storage body 3 includes a primary heating shell and a primary heating thermal storage element; wherein the primary heating thermal storage element is arranged inside the primary heating shell. The primary heating thermal storage body 3 is made of high temperature resistant metal or metal-based material, and the cold gas enters the secondary heating thermal storage body 4 after heat exchange with the primary heating thermal storage element. The primary heating thermal storage element can be made of honeycomb bricks, cylinders, spheres, etc.

[0042] like Figure 5 As shown, the secondary heating heat storage body 4 includes a secondary heating shell and a secondary heating heat storage element; wherein the secondary heating heat storage element is arranged inside the secondary heating shell. The secondary heating heat storage body 4 is made of a high temperature resistant ceramic-based material. After the cold gas exchanges heat with the heat storage element, it enters the high temperature stabilizing chamber 7 at the upper part of the heater and flows into the downstream equipment through the high temperature stabilizing chamber.

[0043] In this embodiment, the primary heating zone, i.e., the primary heating heat storage body, uses a metal-based high-temperature heat storage material that is resistant to heat shock, and the secondary heating zone, i.e., the secondary heating heat storage body, uses a high-temperature ceramic-based high-temperature heat storage material that is resistant to high temperatures. The temperature of the heat storage body is increased by more than 3000K, and the maximum temperature of the airflow can exceed 2500K.

[0044] The high-frequency induction heater 5 includes a high-frequency induction coil, a water-cooled cable and a high-frequency power supply; wherein the high-frequency induction coil is wound on the outer surface of the high-temperature insulation shell 6; the high-frequency induction coil is connected to the high-frequency power supply through the water-cooled cable; the high-frequency induction coil is wound by a water-cooled copper tube, and a layer of reflective coating is electroplated on the outer surface of the high-frequency induction coil. The high-frequency induction coil is wound by a water-cooled copper tube, cooled by pure water, and a layer of high reflectivity coating is electroplated on the outer wall of the coil. When the high-frequency induction coil is passed through a high-frequency alternating current, a high-frequency alternating electromagnetic field is generated, and Joule heat is generated in the primary heating thermal storage body 3 and the secondary heating thermal storage body 4 to heat the thermal storage body.

[0045] The high-temperature heat-insulating shell 6 is made of multiple layers of heat-insulating materials arranged coaxially, and the temperature resistance grade of the material can be reduced layer by layer from the inner ring to the outer ring.

[0046] like Figure 6 As shown, the high temperature stabilizing chamber 7 is made of high temperature ceramic material. The high temperature gas flows out of the heater through the high temperature stabilizing chamber. When passing through the pressure shell 1, insulation material is installed on the outer wall to prevent heat loss.

[0047] This embodiment uses high-frequency induction heating. The high-frequency induction coil generates a high-frequency alternating electromagnetic field, which generates high-frequency eddy current loss inside the heat storage body, causing the temperature of the heat storage body to rise. When the gas flows through the gaps between the heat storage elements, heat exchange occurs, absorbing the heat of the heat storage body, and the gas temperature rises, achieving the purpose of heating the gas. The heating method avoids the formation of pollutants and can produce pure high-temperature and high-pressure gas.

[0048] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in the form of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may make possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A series zone heating high temperature and high pressure heater, characterized in that include: A water-cooled pressure-bearing shell (1), a high-temperature support frame (2), a primary heating heat storage body (3), a secondary heating heat storage body (4), a high-frequency induction heater (5), a high-temperature heat-insulating shell (6) and a high-temperature pressure-stabilizing chamber (7); wherein: The high-temperature support frame (2) and the high-temperature heat-insulating shell (6) are both arranged inside the water-cooled pressure-bearing shell (1); The high-temperature support frame (2) is located at the bottom of the water-cooled pressure-bearing shell (1), and the high-temperature heat-insulating shell (6) is arranged on the upper part of the high-temperature support frame (2); The primary heating heat storage body (3) and the secondary heating heat storage body (4) are both located inside the high-temperature heat-insulating shell (6); The primary heating heat storage body (3) is arranged on the upper part of the high-temperature support frame (2), and the secondary heating heat storage body (4) is arranged on the upper part of the primary heating heat storage body (3); The high-frequency induction heater (5) is wound around the outer surface of the high-temperature heat-insulating shell (6); The high-temperature stabilizing chamber (7) passes through the water-cooled pressure-bearing shell (1) and is connected to an opening formed at the top of the high-temperature heat-insulating shell (6); The temperature rise of the working gas filled into the first-stage heating heat storage body (3) is obtained by the following formula: Where α is the heat transfer coefficient, ΔT g1 is the temperature rise of the working gas filled into the first-stage heating heat storage element (3), l1 is the length of the first-stage heating heat storage element (3), n1 is the number of vents of the first-stage heating heat storage element, d1 is the diameter of the vent of the first-stage heating heat storage element, T h1 is the temperature of the primary heating thermal storage body (3), T g1 is the temperature of the working gas charged into the first-stage heating heat storage body (3), m1 is the flow rate of the working gas charged into the first-stage heating heat storage body (3), c p is the specific heat of the working gas; The temperature rise of the working gas filled into the secondary heating heat storage body (4) is obtained by the following formula: Where α is the heat transfer coefficient, ΔT g2 is the temperature rise of the working gas filled into the secondary heating heat storage element (4), l2 is the length of the secondary heating heat storage element (4), n2 is the number of vents of the secondary heating heat storage element, d2 is the diameter of the vents of the secondary heating heat storage element, T h2 is the temperature of the secondary heating thermal storage body (4), T g2 is the temperature of the working gas charged into the secondary heating heat storage body (4), m2 is the flow rate of the working gas charged into the secondary heating heat storage body (4), c p is the specific heat of the working gas.

2. The series zoned heating high temperature and high pressure heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-cooled pressure-bearing shell (1) comprises a base (11), a lower head (12), a cylindrical section (13) and an upper head (14); wherein: The lower end cap (12) is connected to one end of the cylindrical section (13), and the upper end cap (14) is connected to the other end of the cylindrical section (13); The base (11) is connected to the lower head (12).

3. The series zoned heating high temperature and high pressure heater according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cylindrical section (13) comprises a pressure-bearing layer and a cooling layer; wherein the pressure-bearing layer and the cooling layer are connected, and a channel between the pressure-bearing layer and the cooling layer is filled with cooling water.

4. The series zoned heating high temperature and high pressure heater according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high temperature support frame (2) comprises a first disc (21), a plurality of support columns (22) and a second disc (23); wherein: The first disc (21) is connected to the second disc (23) via a plurality of support columns (22); Through holes are provided at the centers of the first circular disk (21) and the second circular disk (23).

5. The series zoned heating high temperature and high pressure heater according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water-cooled pressure-bearing housing (1) further comprises an air intake duct; wherein: A through hole formed in the center of the lower cover (12) is connected to one end of the air intake pipe; The other end of the air intake pipe is connected to a through hole opened in the center of the first disc (21).

6. The series zoned heating high temperature and high pressure heater according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the inner wall of the cylindrical section (13) is provided with a plurality of protrusions (131); wherein: A line connecting a plurality of protrusions (131) forms a circle; The first disk (21) is arranged on the raised portion (131).

7. The series zoned heating high temperature and high pressure heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary heating heat storage body (3) comprises a primary heating shell and a primary heating heat storage element; wherein, The primary heating heat storage element is arranged inside the primary heating housing; The secondary heating heat storage body (4) comprises a secondary heating shell and a secondary heating heat storage element; wherein, The secondary heating heat storage element is arranged inside the secondary heating shell.

8. The series zoned heating high temperature and high pressure heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-frequency induction heater (5) comprises a high-frequency induction coil, a water-cooling cable and a high-frequency power supply; wherein, The high-frequency induction coil is wound around the outer surface of the high-temperature heat-insulating shell (6); The high-frequency induction coil is connected to the high-frequency power supply through the water-cooling cable; The high-frequency induction coil is wound by a water-cooled copper tube, and a reflective coating is electroplated on the outer surface of the high-frequency induction coil.

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