A resonant cavity antenna and antenna system

Abstract

This invention discloses a resonant cavity antenna and antenna system. The disclosed resonant cavity antenna includes a dielectric substrate, a ground plane, a first radiator, a second radiator, and a reflector. The ground plane is connected to the dielectric substrate. The first and second radiators are both located on the side of the dielectric substrate opposite to the ground plane. The reflector is located on the side of the dielectric substrate opposite to the ground plane and forms a resonant cavity with the dielectric substrate. The reflector includes a first reflecting region and a second reflecting region. The first radiator is opposite to the first reflecting region, and the second radiator is opposite to the second reflecting region. The electromagnetic wave frequency band emitted by the first radiator is different from that emitted by the second radiator. This solution solves the problems of large space occupation and relatively complex feed circuits associated with using multiple separate antennas to achieve coverage of different frequency bands in related technologies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of resonant cavity antenna technology, and more particularly to a resonant cavity antenna and antenna system. Background Technology

[0002] In drone detection systems, it is generally necessary to achieve coverage of different frequency bands, such as 2.4G and 5.8G frequency bands.

[0003] In related technologies, to achieve coverage of different frequency bands, separate large antenna elements are designed for each frequency band, with each large antenna element comprising 4×4 antenna sub-elements. Although different large antenna elements are used in related technologies to achieve coverage of different frequency bands, multiple large antenna elements are required to achieve multi-band coverage, which results in a relatively large space requirement. Furthermore, the use of 4×4 antenna sub-elements for each large antenna element also leads to a relatively complex feeding structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention discloses a resonant cavity antenna and antenna system to solve the problems of large space occupation and relatively complex feed network caused by setting up multiple separate antennas to achieve coverage of different frequency bands in related technologies.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, this application discloses a resonant cavity antenna, comprising a dielectric substrate, a ground plane, a first radiator, a second radiator, and a reflector cover, wherein:

[0007] The ground plane is connected to the dielectric substrate. The first radiator and the second radiator are both located on the side of the dielectric substrate away from the ground plane. The reflective cover is located on the side of the dielectric substrate away from the ground plane and forms a resonant cavity with the dielectric substrate. The reflective cover includes a first reflective area and a second reflective area. The first radiator is opposite to the first reflective area, and the second radiator is opposite to the second reflective area. The electromagnetic wave frequency band emitted by the first radiator is different from that emitted by the second radiator.

[0008] Secondly, this application also discloses an antenna system comprising a plurality of resonant cavity antennas as described in the first aspect.

[0009] The technical solution adopted in this invention can achieve the following technical effects:

[0010] The resonant cavity antenna disclosed in this application integrates the first radiator and the second radiator on the same dielectric substrate and shares the same ground plane, enabling the same resonant cavity antenna to cover different frequency bands. This solves the problem in related technologies where multiple antennas need to be set up separately to achieve coverage of different frequency bands, resulting in a large space occupation. Moreover, the resonant cavity antenna in this application, which integrates the first radiator and the second radiator together, has a relatively simple feeding structure and relatively low energy loss compared to designing different antennas for different frequency bands separately. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A diagram from another perspective;

[0013] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reflective cover plate disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the first cover plate, the second cover plate, the dielectric substrate, and the ground plane;

[0015] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first radiator and the second radiator disposed on the dielectric substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the propagation of electromagnetic waves emitted by the first reflector.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0018] 100-resonant cavity antenna

[0019] 200-Dielectric substrate,

[0020] 300 - Floor connection, 310 - First connection area

[0021] 400-First Radiator

[0022] 500-Second Radiator

[0023] 600 - Reflective cover plate, 610 - First cover plate, 611 - First reflective area, 620 - Second cover plate, 621 - Second reflective area, 630 - Reflective unit

[0024] 700 - Antenna system, 710 - First antenna group, 720 - Second antenna group. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0026] The technical solutions disclosed in the various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 This invention discloses a resonant cavity antenna 100, which can be applied to a drone detection system. The disclosed resonant cavity antenna 100 includes a dielectric substrate 200, a ground plane 300, a first radiator 400, a second radiator 500, and a reflector cover 600.

[0028] The ground plane 300 is connected to the dielectric substrate 200. The first radiator 400 and the second radiator 500 are both located on the side of the dielectric substrate 200 away from the ground plane 300. The reflective cover 600 is located on the side of the dielectric substrate 200 away from the ground plane 300 and forms a resonant cavity with the dielectric substrate 200. The reflective cover 600 includes a first reflective area 611 and a second reflective area 621. The first radiator 400 is opposite to the first reflective area 611, and the second radiator 500 is opposite to the second reflective area 621. The electromagnetic wave frequency band emitted by the first radiator 400 is different from that emitted by the second radiator 500.

[0029] Specifically, the first reflection zone 611 and the second reflection zone 621 may be provided with frequency selective surfaces (FSS). The electromagnetic waves emitted by the first radiator 400 and the second radiator 500 are reflected after encountering the frequency selective surfaces, and the resonant cavity is transmitted out in the area outside the frequency selective surfaces of the first reflection zone 611 and the second reflection zone 621.

[0030] The resonant cavity antenna 100 disclosed in this application integrates the first radiator 400 and the second radiator 500 on the same dielectric substrate 200 and shares the same ground plane 300, enabling the same resonant cavity antenna 100 to cover different frequency bands. This solves the problem in related technologies where multiple antennas need to be set up separately to achieve coverage of different frequency bands, resulting in a large space occupation. Moreover, the resonant cavity antenna 100 of this application, which integrates the first radiator 400 and the second radiator 500 together, has a relatively simple feeding structure and relatively low energy loss compared to designing different antennas for different frequency bands separately.

[0031] Since the frequency band emitted by the first radiator 400 is different from that emitted by the second radiator 500, the wavelengths of the electromagnetic waves emitted by the first radiator 400 and the second radiator 500 are different. In order to achieve resonance between the first radiator 400 and the second radiator 500 in the resonant cavity, optionally, the distance between the first reflective area 611 and the dielectric substrate 200 is a first distance, and the distance between the second reflective area 621 and the dielectric substrate 200 is a second distance. The first distance and the second distance are not equal.

[0032] Specifically, the reflective cover 600 may include a first cover 610 and a second cover 620. The first cover 610 may be located between the second cover 620 and the dielectric substrate 200. The first cover 610 may include a first reflective area 611, and the second cover 620 may include a second reflective area 621. Both the first cover 610 and the second cover 620 may respectively cover the first radiator 400 and the second radiator 500. The area of ​​the first cover 610 opposite to the second radiator 500 does not have a frequency-selective surface, allowing electromagnetic waves emitted by the second radiator 500 to pass through the area of ​​the first cover 610 opposite to it. Similarly, the area of ​​the second cover 620 opposite to the first radiator 400 does not have a frequency-selective surface, allowing electromagnetic waves emitted by the first radiator 400 to pass through the area of ​​the second cover 620 opposite to it. Alternatively, the area of ​​the first cover 610 opposite to the second radiator 500 and the area of ​​the second cover 620 opposite to the first radiator 400 may be a perforated area, allowing for better electromagnetic wave transmission. In some other embodiments, the first cover plate 610 and the second cover plate 620 may be an integral structure, and the first cover plate 610 and the second cover plate 620 are connected by a connecting surface. The distance between the plane where the first cover plate 610 is located and the dielectric substrate 200 is less than the distance between the second cover plate 620 and the dielectric substrate 200.

[0033] In embodiments where both the first cover plate 610 and the second cover plate 620 cover the first radiator 400 and the second radiator 500, the first cover plate 610 and the second cover plate 620 can provide good protection for the first radiator 400 and the second radiator 500. In embodiments where the first cover plate 610 and the second cover plate 620 have hollowed-out areas, electromagnetic waves can be transmitted better. In embodiments where the first cover plate 610 and the second cover plate 620 have an integrated structure, the reflective cover plate 600 has better overall integrity.

[0034] To achieve resonance between the electromagnetic waves emitted by the first radiator 400 and the second radiator 500 within the resonant cavity, optionally, the first distance can be an integer multiple of half the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the first radiator 400, and the second distance can be an integer multiple of half the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the second radiator 500. By setting the first distance to an integer multiple of half the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the first radiator 400 and the second distance to an integer multiple of half the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the second radiator 500, the electromagnetic waves emitted by the first radiator 400 and the second radiator 500 can achieve resonance within the resonant cavity, and the electromagnetic waves transmitted from the reflector cover 600 can be superimposed in phase, thereby improving the gain of the resonant cavity antenna 100.

[0035] Specifically, the first radiator 400 can be a radiator in the 5.8 GHz band, and the second radiator 500 can be a radiator in the 2.4 GHz band. The first distance can be half the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the first radiator 400, and the second distance can be one wavelength of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the second radiator 500. When the first radiator 400 is a radiator in the 5.8 GHz band and the second radiator 500 is a radiator in the 2.4 GHz band, setting the first distance to half the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the first radiator 400 and the second distance to one wavelength of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the second radiator 500 makes the spacing between the first reflector 611 and the second reflector 621 in the direction perpendicular to the dielectric substrate 200 relatively close. This makes the overall structure of the resonant cavity antenna 100 relatively compact and is beneficial for the miniaturization design of the resonant cavity antenna 100.

[0036] In some embodiments, the two ends of the dielectric substrate 200 adjacent to the first radiator 400 are cut-out areas, and a portion of the ground plane 300 extends into the cut-out areas of the dielectric substrate 200 adjacent to the two ends of the first radiator 400. Specifically, the ground plane 300 may include a first ground area 310 and a second ground area. The first ground area 310 may be located in the region opposite to the first radiator 400, and the second ground area may be located in the region opposite to the second radiator 500. The first ground area 310 may include a portion of the ground plane 300 extending into the cut-out areas of the dielectric substrate 200 adjacent to the two ends of the first radiator 400.

[0037] This application also discloses a specific structure for a first reflective region 611 and a second reflective region 621. Both the first reflective region 611 and the second reflective region 621 may include multiple reflective units 630. The multiple reflective units 630 of the first reflective region 611 can be arranged in an array, and a transmission region can be formed between any two adjacent reflective units 630. Similarly, the multiple reflective units 630 of the second reflective region 621 can be arranged in an array, and a transmission region can be formed between any two adjacent reflective units 630. Specifically, each reflective unit 630 can be a frequency selective surface (FSS), and the FSS can be a patch structure attached to the substrate body of the dielectric substrate 200.

[0038] This application also discloses an antenna system 700, which includes multiple resonant cavity antennas 100 as described in the above embodiments. The antenna system 700 in this application employs the resonant cavity antennas 100 as described in the above embodiments, which allows the antenna system 700 to occupy less space when achieving coverage of different frequency bands, and also results in a relatively simple feeding structure and relatively low energy loss.

[0039] Optionally, multiple resonant cavity antennas 100 can be uniformly arranged along the circumference, and the radiation range of the multiple resonant cavity antennas 100 can cover the entire circumferential direction. By uniformly arranging multiple resonant cavity antennas 100 along the circumferential direction and covering the entire circumferential direction with their radiation range, the antenna system 700 becomes omnidirectional, enabling all-around monitoring in the circumferential direction. Moreover, each resonant cavity antenna 100 has a different frequency band. When the antenna system 700 is applied to a UAV detection system, it can give the antenna system 700 a strong UAV detection capability. Furthermore, each resonant cavity antenna integrates radiators of different frequency bands together, thereby achieving a common aperture for different frequency bands in the antenna system.

[0040] Specifically, the number of resonant cavity antennas 100 can be 16, and the radiation angle of each resonant cavity antenna 100 can be 22.5 degrees. By uniformly distributing the 16 resonant cavity antennas 100 along the circumference, and ensuring that the radiation range of the 16 resonant cavity antennas 100 covers the entire circumference, and that the radiation angles between any two adjacent resonant cavity antennas 100 have a certain overlap, thereby further improving the omnidirectionality of the antenna system 700. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of resonant cavity antennas 100 can be other than that specified here.

[0041] To make the antenna system 700 more compact, optionally, the antenna system 700 may include a first antenna group 710 and a second antenna group 720. The first antenna group 710 may include some of the resonant cavity antennas 100 from a plurality of resonant cavity antennas 100, and the second antenna group 720 may include another portion of the resonant cavity antennas 100. The plurality of resonant cavity antennas 100 in the first antenna group 710 and the plurality of resonant cavity antennas 100 in the second antenna group 720 may be uniformly arranged along the circumference. The central axes of the first antenna group 710 and the second antenna group 720 may coincide. The resonant cavity antennas 100 in the first antenna group 710 and the resonant cavity antennas 100 in the second antenna group 720 may be staggered in sequence so that the radiation range formed by the first antenna group 710 and the second antenna group 720 covers the entire circumferential direction. By configuring the antenna system 700 as a first antenna group 710 and a second antenna group 720, the multiple resonant cavity antennas 100 in the first antenna group 710 can be evenly arranged along the circumference, and the multiple resonant cavity antennas 100 in the second antenna group 720 can also be evenly arranged along the circumference. This avoids the problem of the antenna system 700 being relatively large overall due to all the resonant cavity antennas 100 being distributed along the same circumference. The first antenna group 710 can be located above the second antenna group 720.

[0042] Specifically, the first antenna group 710 and the second antenna group 720 may each include eight resonant cavity antennas 100, each with a radiation angle of 22.5 degrees. The resonant cavity antennas 100 in the first antenna group 710 and the second antenna group 720 are arranged alternately, so that the radiation range of the 16 resonant cavity antennas 100 can cover the entire circumference. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of resonant cavity antennas 100 can be other than that; the number of resonant cavity antennas 100 is not limited here.

[0043] The antenna system in this application embodiment can be used for a drone detection system. The resonant cavity antenna in the antenna system is used to transmit and receive electromagnetic waves to detect drones.

[0044] The above embodiments of the present invention focus on describing the differences between the various embodiments. As long as the different optimization features between the various embodiments are not contradictory, they can be combined to form a better embodiment. For the sake of brevity, they will not be described in detail here.

[0045] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A resonant cavity antenna, characterized in that, It includes a dielectric substrate (200), a ground plane (300), a first radiator (400), a second radiator (500), and a reflective cover plate (600), wherein: The ground plane (300) is connected to the dielectric substrate (200). The first radiator (400) and the second radiator (500) are both located on the side of the dielectric substrate (200) away from the ground plane (300). The reflective cover plate (600) is located on the side of the dielectric substrate (200) away from the ground plane (300) and forms a resonant cavity with the dielectric substrate (200). The reflective cover plate (600) includes a first reflective area (611) and a second reflective area (621). The first radiator (400) is opposite to the first reflective area (611), and the second radiator (500) is opposite to the second reflective area (621). The electromagnetic wave frequency band emitted by the first radiator (400) is different from the electromagnetic wave frequency band emitted by the second radiator (500). The dielectric substrate (200) has two open areas at its two ends adjacent to the first radiator (400), and a portion of the ground plane (300) extends into the open areas at the two ends of the dielectric substrate (200) adjacent to the first radiator (400).

2. The resonant cavity antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the first reflective area (611) and the dielectric substrate (200) is a first distance, and the distance between the second reflective area (621) and the dielectric substrate (200) is a second distance. The first distance and the second distance are not equal.

3. The resonant cavity antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reflective cover plate (600) includes a first cover plate (610) and a second cover plate (620), the first cover plate (610) being located between the second cover plate (620) and the dielectric substrate (200), the first cover plate (610) including a first reflective area (611), and the second cover plate (620) including a second reflective area (621).

4. The resonant cavity antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first distance is an integer multiple of half the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the first radiator (400), and the second distance is an integer multiple of half the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the second radiator (500).

5. The resonant cavity antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first radiator (400) is a radiator in the 5.8G frequency band, the second radiator (500) is a radiator in the 2.4G frequency band, the first distance is half the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the first radiator (400), and the second distance is one wavelength of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the second radiator (500).

6. The resonant cavity antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first reflective area (611) and the second reflective area (621) include a plurality of reflective units (630). The plurality of reflective units (630) in the first reflective area (611) are arranged in an array, and a transmission area is formed between any two adjacent reflective units (630). The plurality of reflective units (630) in the second reflective area (621) are arranged in an array, and a transmission area is formed between any two adjacent reflective units (630).

7. An antenna system, characterized in that, It includes a plurality of resonant cavity antennas (100) as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The antenna system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The plurality of resonant cavity antennas (100) are uniformly arranged along the circumference, and the radiation range of the plurality of resonant cavity antennas (100) covers the entire circumferential direction.

9. The antenna system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The number of resonant cavity antennas (100) is 16, and the radiation angle of each resonant cavity antenna (100) is 22.5 degrees.

10. The antenna system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The antenna system (700) includes a first antenna group (710) and a second antenna group (720). The first antenna group (710) includes a portion of the resonant cavity antennas (100) among a plurality of resonant cavity antennas (100). The second antenna group (720) includes another portion of the resonant cavity antennas (100). The plurality of resonant cavity antennas (100) in the first antenna group (710) are uniformly arranged along the circumference. The plurality of resonant cavity antennas (100) in the second antenna group (720) are uniformly arranged along the circumference. The central axes of the first antenna group (710) and the second antenna group (720) coincide. The resonant cavity antennas (100) in the first antenna group (710) and the resonant cavity antennas (100) in the second antenna group (720) are staggered in sequence so that the radiation range formed by the first antenna group (710) and the second antenna group (720) together covers the entire circumferential direction.

11. The antenna system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The first antenna group (710) and the second antenna group (720) each include eight resonant cavity antennas (100), and each resonant cavity antenna (100) has a radiation angle of 22.5 degrees.

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