A soft magnetic electrically controlled permanent magnetic gear and a control method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a soft magnetic type electric controlled permanent magnetic gear and a control method thereof, comprising a high-speed rotor, a magnetic adjustment ring, a fixed ring and a base; the high-speed rotor is located at the center of the electric controlled permanent magnetic gear and is connected to a power input source, the magnetic adjustment ring is located in the middle of the magnetic gear and is connected to an output shaft to transmit power output; the high-speed rotor is composed of an annular magnetic conductive core A and Z1 permanent magnets, the magnetic adjustment ring is arranged with P magnetic adjustment blocks at equal intervals in the circumferential direction; the fixed ring is composed of an annular magnetic conductive core B, Z2 soft magnetic bodies, Z2 magnetic yokes and Z2 / 2 coils, and the magnetic poles of adjacent soft magnetic bodies are in opposite directions, and a group of coils are respectively wound on the soft magnetic bodies spaced from each other. The present invention realizes the power control and transmission effect that can only be achieved by the original clutch and transmission mechanism, shortens the transmission chain to the maximum extent, improves the transmission efficiency, and is suitable for transmission requirements with space limitations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of magnetic gear transmission, and in particular to a soft magnetic electrically controlled permanent magnetic gear and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In mechanical transmission, power transmission and cutting are crucial, and there are two main power cutting solutions: stopping the input of the prime mover and adding a clutch to the next level of the prime mover to control power transmission. Frequent starting and stopping of the prime mover will cause energy waste and loss of machine life. Although adding a clutch can keep the prime mover in the optimal torque range, it will increase the energy transmission chain, increase the space occupancy rate, and also reduce the power transmission efficiency.

[0003] Taking the existing automobile design as an example, the current automobile mainly uses internal combustion engines and electric motors as the main prime movers for power input, and different solutions are used for power cut-off. Since the start-stop of the internal combustion engine is relatively complicated and increases the waste of energy, a clutch is generally added to the next level of the internal combustion engine to control the power on and off, so as to ensure that the shifting operation is completed without turning off the prime mover. The patent with publication number CN101020411A discloses a new type of automobile transmission mechanism, which uses an internal combustion engine as a power source, cooperates with two clutches and a three-speed mechanical transmission to enable the automobile to have six forward gears. In this patent, although the clutch functionally realizes the control of power transmission, it occupies a large internal space, making the power transmission chain too long and the energy transmission efficiency low.

[0004] Compared with internal combustion engines, cars that use electric motors as power input sources have certain advantages in this regard. Electric motors can control the output of power through current. The patent with publication number CN111347855A discloses a transmission scheme for electric vehicles. In this patent, the power is turned on and off by controlling the current of the motor, which saves the clutch. However, it does not have the prerequisite for shifting gears and can only be used for small electric vehicles. In addition, it is easy to reduce the life of the motor when it is turned on and off frequently. The patent with publication number CN205780633U discloses a new type of single-clutch two-speed transmission, that is, a transmission control switch is added between the output shaft of the motor and the speed change device to control the on and off of the power transmission. The clutch device is added on the basis of the original transmission chain, which not only takes up space but also reduces the energy transmission efficiency.

[0005] For large motors, power on and off is more important. The large current at startup of large motors generates a large impact force on the stator coil and rotor cage bars of the motor, which can cause loosening of the clamping device, deformation of the coil, breakage of the cage bars, and other faults. This determines that the start and stop of large motors cannot be as frequent as small motors. It is necessary to add a transmission control switch at the next level of the large motor to control the power input of the subsequent transmission chain, but this will take up a lot of space, making the transmission device less compact and inefficient.

[0006] In summary, it is of great practical significance to study a transmission mechanism with a compact structure and power input control. However, the existing mechanical speed change devices all use mechanical gears, and the gears are in rigid contact with each other, and cannot achieve automatic control of power on and off through their own structure. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a soft magnetic electrically controlled permanent magnet gear and a control method thereof, which can effectively solve the integration problem of the clutch and the transmission mechanism.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A soft magnetic electrically controlled permanent magnet gear proposed in the present invention comprises a high-speed rotor, a magnetic adjustment ring, a fixed ring and a base; the magnetic adjustment ring is coaxially arranged on the circumferential outer side of the high-speed rotor; the fixed ring is coaxially arranged on the circumferential outer side of the magnetic adjustment ring; the fixed ring is fixedly connected to the base; the high-speed rotor is connected to the input shaft; the magnetic adjustment ring is connected to the output shaft; the high-speed rotor is composed of an annular magnetic conductive core A and Z1 permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular magnetic conductive core A and the magnetic poles of adjacent permanent magnets are opposite; P magnetic adjustment blocks are evenly spaced in the circumferential direction of the magnetic adjustment ring, Low magnetic permeability materials are filled between adjacent magnetic adjustment blocks; a certain gap is set between the permanent magnet of the high-speed rotor and the magnetic adjustment ring; the fixed ring is composed of an annular magnetic conductive core B, Z2 soft magnets, Z2 magnetic yokes and Z2 / 2 coils; the Z2 soft magnets are evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular magnetic conductive core B and the magnetic poles of adjacent soft magnets are opposite; a coil is wound around each of the soft magnets spaced apart from each other, and the coils can change the magnetic pole directions of the wound soft magnets at the same time after direct current is connected; the inner end of each soft magnet is fixedly connected to a magnetic yoke; a certain gap is set between the magnetic yoke and the magnetic adjustment ring.

[0010] Furthermore, the permanent magnets of the high-speed rotor are evenly arranged on the outer circumferential surface or end surface of the annular magnetic conductive core A along the circumferential direction of the annular magnetic conductive core A, and the corresponding permanent magnet magnetization direction is along the radial direction or axial direction of the annular magnetic conductive core A. The soft magnets of the fixed ring are evenly arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the annular magnetic conductive core B along the circumferential direction of the annular magnetic conductive core B, and the soft magnet magnetization direction is along the radial direction of the annular magnetic conductive core B.

[0011] Furthermore, the soft magnetic bodies of the fixing ring are evenly arranged on the inner circumferential surface or end surface of the annular magnetic core B along the circumferential direction of the annular magnetic core B, and the corresponding soft magnetic body magnetization direction is along the radial direction or axial direction of the annular magnetic core B.

[0012] Furthermore, the end face of the magnetic yoke is fan-shaped, and the soft magnetic body is connected to the outer arc surface or the end face of the magnetic yoke; the centers of the inner and outer arcs of the magnetic yoke coincide with the rotation axis of the magnetic tuning ring.

[0013] Furthermore, the magnetic tuning block is composed of a group of silicon steel sheets stacked together.

[0014] Furthermore, the number of the permanent magnets, soft magnets and magnetic tuning blocks satisfies the formula 2P=Z1+Z2.

[0015] A control method for a soft magnetic type electrically controlled permanent magnetic gear is used to cut off and connect the power of the soft magnetic type electrically controlled permanent magnetic gear when the prime mover is operating normally. The operation method changes the direction of the magnetic pole of the soft magnetic body by applying a short-time pulse current to the coil to realize the power on / off operation of the output shaft of the soft magnetic type electrically controlled permanent magnetic gear; the method comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1: In the initial state, the magnetic poles of adjacent soft magnetic bodies on the fixed ring are in opposite directions, and the input shaft speed of the soft magnetic electric-controlled permanent magnet gear is ω1. At this time, the output shaft speed is ω2=2ω1P / Z1;

[0017] S2: Keep the input shaft speed of the soft magnetic electric-controlled permanent magnetic gear at ω1, apply pulse current to all coils at the same time, and the direction of the magnetic field generated by the current in the coil is opposite to the magnetic field direction of the soft magnetic body at this time. After the power is turned on, the power on the output shaft is zero;

[0018] S3: Keep the input shaft speed of the soft magnetic electric control permanent magnet gear at ω1, and apply pulse current to all coils again at the same time. The direction of the current is opposite to the direction when the power is last applied. After the power is applied, the speed of the output shaft becomes ω2=2ω1P / Z1;

[0019] S4: Cyclic operation of S2 and S3 can realize power on / off control of the output shaft of the soft magnetic type electric controlled permanent magnet gear under normal operation of the prime mover.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention realizes lubrication-free, contact-free, wear-free and low-vibration power transmission through soft magnetic electrically controlled magnetic gears;

[0022] 2. The present invention realizes the power control and transmission effect that can only be achieved by the original clutch and transmission mechanism through the soft magnetic electric-controlled magnetic gear, shortens the transmission chain to the maximum extent, improves the transmission efficiency, and is suitable for transmission requirements with space limitations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the soft magnetic electrically controlled magnetic gear of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a simplified structural diagram of the high-speed rotor of the soft magnetic electrically controlled magnetic gear of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a simplified structural diagram of the magnetic adjustment ring of the soft magnetic electrically controlled magnetic gear of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the fixed ring structure of the soft magnetic electrically controlled magnetic gear of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is the electrically controlled soft magnetic pole of the fixed ring in the soft magnetic electrically controlled magnetic gear of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the NS pole distribution of the peripheral soft magnetic body of the soft magnetic electrically controlled magnetic gear in the initial state of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the NS pole distribution of the peripheral soft magnetic body of the soft magnetic electrically controlled magnetic gear coil after power is supplied once.

[0030] Among them, the figure markings are: 1-annular magnetic conductive core B; 2, -fixed ring; 3-high-speed rotor; 4-magnetic adjustment ring; 5-permanent magnet; 6-annular magnetic conductive core A; 7-low magnetic permeability material; 8-magnetic adjustment block; 9-soft magnet; 10-coil; 11-yoke. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0032] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "up", "down", "top", "bottom", "one side", "the other side", "left", "right", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not mean that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0033] See attached Figures 1 to 7 , gives the specific structure of an embodiment of a soft magnetic electric controlled permanent magnet gear proposed by the present invention. The gear includes a fixed ring 2, a high-speed rotor 3, a magnetic adjustment ring 4 and a base (not shown in the figure); the magnetic adjustment ring 4 is coaxially arranged on the circumferential outer side of the high-speed rotor 3; the fixed ring 2 is coaxially arranged on the circumferential outer side of the magnetic adjustment ring 4; the fixed ring 2 is fixedly connected to the base; the high-speed rotor 3 is key-connected to the input shaft for power input; the magnetic adjustment ring 4 is key-connected to the output shaft for power output.

[0034] Among them, Figure 2 As shown, the high-speed rotor 3 is composed of an annular magnetic conductive core A6 and Z1 permanent magnets 5; the inner circumferential surface of the annular magnetic conductive core A6 is coaxial with the outer circumferential surface; the permanent magnets 5 of the high-speed rotor are evenly arranged on the outer circumferential surface or end surface of the annular magnetic conductive core A6 along the circumferential direction of the annular magnetic conductive core A6, and the magnetic poles of two adjacent permanent magnets 5 are opposite, and correspondingly, the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnets 5 is along the radial direction or axial direction of the annular magnetic conductive core A6; in this embodiment, the permanent magnets 5 of the high-speed rotor are evenly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the annular magnetic conductive core A6 along the circumferential direction of the annular magnetic conductive core A6, and correspondingly, the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnets 5 is along the radial direction of the annular magnetic conductive core A6.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, P magnetic adjustment blocks 8 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the magnetic adjustment ring 4, and the magnetic adjustment blocks 8 are composed of a group of silicon steel sheets stacked together; low magnetic permeability material 7 is filled between two adjacent magnetic adjustment blocks 8; a certain gap is set between the permanent magnet 5 of the high-speed rotor and the magnetic adjustment ring 4. The number of magnetic adjustment blocks is related to the number of magnetic poles Z1 of the permanent magnet of the high-speed rotor and the number of soft magnetic poles Z2 on the fixed ring, and the number P of magnetic adjustment blocks 8 satisfies: 2P = Z1 + Z2. The magnetic adjustment ring 4 is connected to the output shaft, and the external output transmission ratio is G r =2P / Z1, which is a reduction transmission.

[0036] like Figure 4 and 5As shown, the fixed ring 2 is composed of an annular magnetic conductive core B1, Z2 soft magnetic bodies 9, Z2 magnetic yokes 11 and Z2 / 2 coils 10; the Z2 soft magnetic bodies 9 are evenly distributed on the inner circumferential surface or end surface of the annular magnetic conductive core B1 along the circumferential direction of the annular magnetic conductive core B1, and the magnetic poles of adjacent soft magnetic bodies are opposite, and correspondingly, the magnetization direction of the soft magnetic bodies 9 is along the radial direction or axial direction of the annular magnetic conductive core B1; a coil 10 is wound around each of the soft magnetic bodies 9 spaced apart from each other, and the magnetic pole directions of the wound soft magnetic bodies 9 can be changed simultaneously after the coil 10 is connected to direct current; the inner end of each soft magnetic body 9 is fixedly connected to a magnetic yoke 11; a certain gap is set between the magnetic yoke 11 and the magnetic adjustment ring 4. In this embodiment, the Z2 soft magnetic bodies 9 are evenly distributed on the inner circumferential surface of the annular magnetic conductive core B1 along the circumferential direction of the annular magnetic conductive core B1, and correspondingly, the magnetization direction of the soft magnetic bodies 9 is along the radial direction of the annular magnetic conductive core B1;

[0037] The inner and outer end surfaces of the yoke 11 are both fan-shaped, and Z2 yokes 11 are distributed along the circumferential direction. The inner end surface of each yoke 11 forms a circle; the inner end of the soft magnet 9 is fixedly connected to the outer arc surface or end surface of the yoke 11. In this embodiment, the inner end of the soft magnet 9 is connected to the outer arc surface of the yoke 11, and the outer end is fixedly connected to the inner circumferential surface of the annular magnetic conductive core B1; the center of the inner and outer arcs of the yoke 11 coincide with the rotation axis of the magnetic tuning ring 4.

[0038] Z2 / 2 coils 10 are respectively wound on the soft magnetic body 9 and are spaced apart. The magnetic units of the coils 10 are as follows: Figure 5 As shown; there is a certain gap between the inner surface of the fixing ring 2 and the outer surface of the magnetic tuning ring 4.

[0039] A control method for a soft magnetic type electrically controlled permanent magnetic gear is used to cut off and connect the power of the soft magnetic type electrically controlled permanent magnetic gear when the prime mover is operating normally. The operation method changes the direction of the magnetic pole of the soft magnetic body by applying a short-time pulse current to the coil to realize the power on / off operation of the output shaft of the soft magnetic type electrically controlled permanent magnetic gear; the method comprises the following steps:

[0040] S1: In the initial state, the magnetic poles of adjacent soft magnetic bodies 9 on the fixing ring 2 are in opposite directions, such as Figure 6 As shown, the speed of the input shaft of the soft magnetic electric-controlled permanent magnet gear is ω1, and the speed of the output shaft is ω2=2ω1P / Z1, realizing the power-through operation of the output shaft.

[0041] S2: Keep the input shaft speed of the soft magnetic electric controlled permanent magnet gear at ω1, and apply a short-term pulse current to all coils 10 at the same time. The direction of the magnetic field generated by the current in the coil 10 is opposite to the magnetic field direction of the soft magnetic body 9 at this time. After the power is turned on, the magnetic pole distribution of the peripheral soft magnetic body 9 is as follows: Figure 7As shown, the power on the output shaft is zero, realizing the power interruption operation of the input shaft;

[0042] S3: Keep the input shaft speed of the soft magnetic electric control permanent magnet gear at ω1, and apply pulse current to all coils 10 again at the same time. The direction of the current is opposite to the direction of the last power-on. The magnetic pole distribution of the peripheral soft magnetic Figure 6 As shown, after power is supplied, the output shaft speed becomes ω2=2ω1P / Z1;

[0043] S4: By cyclically performing the operations of S2 and S3, the power on / off control of the output shaft of the soft magnetic electric-controlled permanent magnet gear can be realized under the condition of normal operation of the prime mover.

[0044] Matters not described in detail in the present invention are known in the art.

[0045] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred implementation modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soft magnetic electrically controlled permanent magnetic gear, characterized in that: The gear comprises a high-speed rotor, a magnetic adjustment ring, a fixed ring and a base; the magnetic adjustment ring is coaxially arranged on the circumferential outer side of the high-speed rotor; the fixed ring is coaxially arranged on the circumferential outer side of the magnetic adjustment ring; the fixed ring is fixedly connected to the base; the high-speed rotor is connected to the input shaft; the magnetic adjustment ring is connected to the output shaft; the high-speed rotor is composed of an annular magnetic conductive core A and Z1 permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular magnetic conductive core A and the magnetic poles of adjacent permanent magnets are opposite; P magnetic adjustment blocks are evenly spaced in the circumferential direction of the magnetic adjustment ring, and the distance between adjacent magnetic adjustment blocks is Filled with low magnetic permeability material; a certain gap is set between the permanent magnet of the high-speed rotor and the magnetic adjustment ring; the fixed ring is composed of an annular magnetic conductive core B, Z2 soft magnets, Z2 magnetic yokes and Z2 / 2 coils; the Z2 soft magnets are evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular magnetic conductive core B and the magnetic poles of adjacent soft magnets are opposite; a coil is wound around the soft magnets spaced apart from each other, and the magnetic pole directions of the wound soft magnets can be changed simultaneously after the coils are connected to direct current; the inner end of each soft magnet is fixedly connected to a magnetic yoke; a certain gap is set between the magnetic yoke and the magnetic adjustment ring.

2. The soft magnetic electrically controlled permanent magnetic gear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The permanent magnets of the high-speed rotor are evenly arranged on the outer circumferential surface or end surface of the annular magnetic conductive core A along the circumferential direction of the annular magnetic conductive core A, and the corresponding permanent magnet magnetization direction is along the radial direction or axial direction of the annular magnetic conductive core A. The soft magnets of the fixed ring are evenly arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the annular magnetic conductive core B along the circumferential direction of the annular magnetic conductive core B, and the soft magnet magnetization direction is along the radial direction of the annular magnetic conductive core B.

3. The soft magnetic electrically controlled permanent magnetic gear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soft magnetic bodies of the fixing ring are evenly arranged on the inner circumferential surface or end surface of the annular magnetic conductive core B along the circumferential direction of the annular magnetic conductive core B, and the corresponding magnetization direction of the soft magnetic bodies is along the radial direction or axial direction of the annular magnetic conductive core B.

4. The soft magnetic electrically controlled permanent magnetic gear according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end surface of the magnetic yoke is fan-shaped, and the soft magnetic body is connected to the outer arc surface or the end surface of the magnetic yoke; the centers of the inner and outer arcs of the magnetic yoke coincide with the rotation axis of the magnetic adjustment ring.

5. The soft magnetic electrically controlled permanent magnetic gear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic adjustment block is composed of a group of silicon steel sheets stacked together.

6. The soft magnetic electrically controlled permanent magnetic gear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the permanent magnets, soft magnets and magnetic adjustment blocks satisfies the formula 2P=Z1+Z2.

7. A method for controlling a soft magnetic type electrically controlled permanent magnetic gear according to claim 1, which is used to cut off and connect the power of the soft magnetic type electrically controlled permanent magnetic gear when the prime mover is operating normally, and is characterized in that: The operation method applies a short-time pulse current to the coil to change the magnetic pole direction of the soft magnetic body, thereby realizing the power on / off operation of the output shaft of the soft magnetic electric-controlled permanent magnetic gear; the method comprises the following steps: S1: In the initial state, the magnetic poles of adjacent soft magnetic bodies on the fixed ring are in opposite directions, and the input shaft speed of the soft magnetic electric-controlled permanent magnet gear is ω1. At this time, the output shaft speed is ω2=2ω1P / Z1; S2: Keep the input shaft speed of the soft magnetic electric-controlled permanent magnetic gear at ω1, apply pulse current to all coils at the same time, and the direction of the magnetic field generated by the current in the coil is opposite to the magnetic field direction of the soft magnetic body at this time. After the power is turned on, the power on the output shaft is zero; S3: Keep the input shaft speed of the soft magnetic electric control permanent magnet gear at ω1, and apply pulse current to all coils again at the same time. The direction of the current is opposite to the direction of the last power-on. After the power-on is completed, the speed of the output shaft becomes ω2=2ω1P / Z1; S4: Cyclic operation of S2 and S3 can realize power on / off control of the output shaft of the soft magnetic type electric controlled permanent magnet gear under normal operation of the prime mover.

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