A sunflower shelling throwing block, a sunflower shelling machine using the throwing block, and a shelling machine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a sunflower shelling throwing block, which comprises a throwing block body in the shape of a cuboid. A plurality of parallel guiding grooves are arranged on one surface of the throwing block body along the length direction, and the width of the guiding grooves is equivalent to the width of sunflower seeds. At the corner of the surface of the throwing block body provided with the guiding grooves, an inclined surface is cut along its width direction and length direction, and the inclined surface makes the throwing block body gradually become thicker from this corner to other corners. The present invention also discloses a sheller and a shelling machine using the throwing block. The guiding grooves are arranged on the throwing block in the present invention. When sunflower seeds enter the guiding grooves, since the width of the sunflower seeds is equivalent to the width of the guiding grooves, the head or tail of the sunflower seeds faces the throwing cylinder, and the sunflower seeds are thrown out along the guiding grooves. The head or tail of the sunflower seeds impacts the throwing cylinder to achieve shell breaking, increasing the shell breaking rate and reducing the risk of sunflower kernels being crushed.

Description

Technical Field:

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of sunflower shelling, and particularly to a sunflower shelling flinger and a sunflower shelling machine and a shelling machine using the flinger. Background Art:

[0002] Sunflower seeds are rich in unsaturated fatty acids, various vitamins and trace elements, and have a delicious taste. They are a very popular snack and edible oil source. In some food processing industries, it is necessary to shell and remove the kernels of sunflower seeds, so sunflower shelling machines have emerged as the times require.

[0003] Currently, sunflower shelling machines are relatively common on the market. For example, a Chinese patent with the patent number ZL201621478574.0 discloses a sunflower shelling, peeling and sorting machine, and a Chinese patent with the patent number ZL202011195360.3 discloses a sunflower shelling system. The shelling processes of both are to send sunflower raw materials into a flinger cylinder for shelling treatment by a hoist. After the first shelling, the sunflowers are separated from the sunflower shells by boiling separation. The remaining sunflower kernels and un-shelled sunflower raw materials enter a screening machine (or a fine screening machine) for further separation. The sunflower kernels are collected as finished products, and the un-shelled sunflower raw materials are sent back to the hoist and lifted again into the flinger cylinder for shelling treatment.

[0004] The shelling machine disclosed in the Chinese patent with the patent number ZL201621478574.0 includes a cross support, a flinger plate, a flinger and a rotating motor arranged in the flinger cylinder. Its shelling principle is that the raw sunflower seeds sent by the distributor enter the flinger plate along the feed hole at the top of the shelling machine. The flinger plate is driven by the rotating motor to rotate. Under the action of centrifugal force, the raw sunflower seeds are thrown outwards along the flinger and collide with the wall of the flinger cylinder, causing the shells of the sunflower seeds to open or even split into two petals, realizing shelling. The structure and shelling principle of the shelling machine disclosed in the Chinese patent with the patent number ZL202011195360.3 are basically the same as those of the shelling machine disclosed in the Chinese patent with the patent number ZL201621478574.0. The problems existing in the above two shelling machines are as follows:

[0005] 1. The function of the flinger is to guide, that is, the sunflower seeds are thrown out along the flinger under the action of centrifugal force and collide with the wall of the flinger cylinder to realize shelling. However, the current contact surface between the flinger and the sunflower seeds is a smooth plane. After the sunflower seeds enter the flinger plate, they accumulate at the lower part of the flinger plate in the shelling machine under the action of gravity. When being thrown outwards under the action of centrifugal force, there are more sunflower seeds at the lower part of the flinger and fewer sunflower seeds at the upper part of the flinger. Therefore, after the accumulated sunflower seeds are thrown onto the wall of the flinger cylinder, the shelling efficiency is low;

[0006] 2. When shelling sunflower seeds, when the front end (sharp mouth and short) or the rear end (round mouth end) of the sunflower seeds hits the wall of the throwing cylinder, the shelling efficiency of the sunflower seeds is high, and complete sunflower kernels can be shelled out, and the yield rate of the sunflower kernels is high. However, the surface of the current throwing block in contact with the sunflower seeds is a smooth plane. When the sunflower seeds are thrown out along the surface of the throwing block, the sunflower seeds come into disordered contact with the wall of the throwing cylinder. On the one hand, the shelling rate is low, and on the other hand, the ratio of the shelled sunflower kernels being broken is high, and the yield rate of the sunflower kernels (the proportion of complete sunflower kernels in the raw materials) is low, which seriously affects the efficiency of sunflower processing enterprises. Summary of the Invention:

[0007] The first object of the present invention is to provide a sunflower shelling throwing block for improving the shelling efficiency and yield rate of sunflower seeds;

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a sunflower shelling device for improving the shelling efficiency and yield rate of sunflower seeds.

[0009] The third object of the present invention is to provide a sunflower shelling machine for improving the shelling efficiency and yield rate of sunflower seeds.

[0010] The first object of the present invention is implemented by the following technical solution: A sunflower shelling throwing block includes a throwing block body in the shape of a cuboid. On one surface of the throwing block body, a plurality of parallel guiding grooves are opened along the length direction, and the width of the guiding grooves is equivalent to the width of the sunflower seeds;

[0011] At the corner of the surface of the throwing block body provided with the guiding grooves, an inclined surface is cut along its width direction and length direction, and the inclined surface makes the throwing block body gradually become thicker from this corner to other corners.

[0012] The second object of the present invention is implemented by the following technical solution: A sunflower shelling device for improving the shelling efficiency and yield rate of sunflower seeds includes a cylindrical throwing cylinder vertically arranged with upper and lower openings. A top plate is provided at the top opening of the throwing cylinder, and an inlet is opened in the middle of the top plate; A motor is vertically arranged inside the throwing cylinder, and the motor shaft of the motor is coaxially arranged with the main body of the shelling device; At the top end of the motor shaft above the motor, two horizontal throwing disks are provided; The bottom throwing disk is fixedly connected to the motor shaft; A throwing disk feed inlet is opened in the middle of the upper throwing disk, and the throwing disk feed inlet is directly below the inlet of the top plate; Between the disk surfaces of the two throwing disks, a plurality of vertically arranged throwing block bodies are evenly arranged along the circumference. The throwing block bodies are placed between the throwing disk feed inlet and the edge of the throwing disk. The two long sides of the throwing block bodies are attached to and fixed to the disk surfaces of the two throwing disks. The surface of the throwing block body provided with the guiding grooves faces the surface of the adjacent throwing block body not provided with the guiding grooves. The end of the throwing block body provided with the inclined surface is close to the throwing disk feed inlet, and the thin corner of the throwing block body is close to the throwing disk feed inlet.

[0013] Preferably, a conical cloth distributor is provided at the position on the disk surface of the lower throwing disk directly opposite the throwing disk feed inlet.

[0014] Preferably, a feed pipe is vertically inserted at the opening of the top plate. The top opening of the feed pipe is located outside the top plate and serves as the feed inlet of the huller; the bottom opening of the feed pipe is located above the feed inlet of the throwing disc; the bottom opening of the throwing cylinder is the discharge outlet of the huller.

[0015] The third object of the present invention is implemented by the following technical solution: a sunflower huller, which includes a frame. A raw material elevator and a return material elevator are provided at the front end of the frame. Inside the frame, a huller, a collection hopper, a boiling bin, and a multi-layer screening machine are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; a cyclone separator is provided on the side of the frame;

[0016] The huller includes a raw material huller and a return material huller. The feed inlet of the raw material huller is communicated with the discharge outlet of the raw material elevator through a feed chute, and the feed inlet of the return material huller is communicated with the discharge outlet of the return material elevator through a feed chute;

[0017] The discharge outlets of the raw material huller and the return material huller are both hermetically communicated with the feed inlet of the boiling bin; the feed inlet of the cyclone separator is communicated with the top of the boiling bin;

[0018] The screen surface of the screening machine is inclined, and the screening machine is flexibly connected to the frame; the lower discharge opening of each screening machine is the return material opening, and the upper discharge opening is the discharge opening; the discharge opening of the upper screening machine is located above the screen surface of the lower screening machine; the discharge opening of the lowermost screening machine is the sunflower kernel collection opening; the return material opening of the upper screening machine is communicated with the feed inlet of the return material elevator; a return material mechanism is provided on the side of the lower screening machine. The feed inlet of the return material mechanism is communicated with the discharge outlet of the screening machine of the current layer, and the discharge outlet of the return material mechanism is located above the upper screening machine.

[0019] Preferably, the screen bed of the screening machine is a fish scale screen bed. The orifices in the upper part of the fish scale screen bed are arranged obliquely upward along the bed surface of the fish scale screen bed and point to the discharge outlet of the screening machine. A vibration motor is provided on the side of the screen bed.

[0020] Preferably, the screening machine is connected to the frame through spring pieces or spiral springs.

[0021] Preferably, a screw conveyor is provided at the discharge outlet of the cyclone separator, and the discharge outlet of the screw conveyor is the sunflower husk outlet.

[0022] Preferably, the return material mechanism includes a return material trough provided below the return material opening of the screening machine of the current layer and a lifting mechanism provided on the side of the screening machine. The feed inlet of the lifting mechanism is arranged in the return material trough, and the discharge outlet of the lifting mechanism is arranged above the screen surface of the upper screening machine.

[0023] Preferably, it is characterized in that the lifting mechanism is a pneumatic conveyor, a bucket elevator or a screw conveyor.

[0024] Preferably, a distributing chute is provided at the discharge port of the lifting mechanism, and the width of the distributing chute is equivalent to the width of the screen mesh of the screening machine.

[0025] Preferably, a dust removal cover is provided above the screening machine, and the dust removal cover is connected to the cyclone separator.

[0026] Advantages of the present invention:

[0027] 1. A guiding groove is provided on the flyweight in the present invention. After the sunflower seeds enter the sheller, they are evenly distributed by the distributor and enter the cavity between adjacent flyweights. The sheller rotates, and the flyweight contacts the sunflower seeds. The sunflower seeds enter the guiding groove. Since the width of the sunflower seeds is equivalent to the width of the guiding groove, the head or tail of the sunflower seeds faces the flywheel. Under the action of centrifugal force, they are thrown out along the guiding groove, and the head or tail of the sunflower seeds impacts the flywheel to achieve shell breaking. While the traditional flyweight can only drive the sunflower seeds to be thrown outwards and has no guiding effect on the sunflower seeds. When the sunflower seeds are thrown onto the flywheel, the head, tail and abdomen may all impact the flywheel. When the abdomen impacts, on the one hand, the shell breaking rate is low, and on the other hand, the probability of the sunflower kernel being broken is increased.

[0028] 2. An inclined surface is provided on the flyweight in the present invention. After entering the cavity between adjacent flyweights, the inclined surface of the flyweight contacts the sunflower seeds, and the sunflower seeds are more likely to rise along the inclined surface. Sunflower seeds can enter all the guiding grooves from the bottom to the top of the flyweight, and the thrown sunflower seeds are more uniform in height. While after the traditional flyweight contacts the sunflower seeds, there are more sunflower seeds accumulated at the lower part of the flyweight and fewer at the upper part. After being thrown out, the sunflower seeds at the lower part are not dispersed, and the shell breaking effect is poor after impacting the flywheel, affecting the shelling rate.

[0029] 3. The sheller in the present invention is designed with a raw material elevator, a return material elevator, a raw material sheller and a return material sheller. The sunflower seed raw material and the return material after one-time shelling respectively enter the raw material sheller and the return material sheller for shelling. The raw material sheller has a high rotation speed and a large centrifugal force, and its main purpose is to break the shells. The return material sheller has a low rotation speed and a small centrifugal force, and its main purpose is to break the shells of the sunflower seeds that have opened but not been shelled and take out the sunflower kernels, avoiding the problem that the sunflower kernels in the sunflower seeds that have opened but not been shelled are easily broken and affecting the finished product rate when the traditional sunflower sheller mixes the raw material and the return material and sends them into the sheller.

[0030] 4. The return materials obtained from the return material outlets of the first and second selection sieves of the huller of the present invention are respectively lifted by the corresponding lifting mechanisms to the second separation sieve and the first selection sieve for further sorting, avoiding the situation in traditional sunflower hullers where the return materials obtained from the return material outlets of the first and second selection sieves are uniformly sent into the boiling bin for treatment. In this case, the already selected materials and the previous materials are mixed together. On the one hand, it increases the separation difficulty and reduces the production efficiency; on the other hand, it also requires one-time sorting, secondary sorting, one-time selection, and secondary selection, and the sorting and selection processes will also cause damage and consumption of sunflower kernels, resulting in a decrease in the yield rate.

[0031] 5. By arranging a cloth chute at the outlet of the lifting mechanism of the huller of the present invention, the return materials pass through the chute and are distributed along the sieve surface of the screening machine, which can optimize the screening effect and further improve the yield rate.

[0032] 6. The huller of the present invention is provided with a dust removal hood on the screening machine. During the hulling process, the cyclone separator performs primary dust removal on the raw materials in the fluidized bed, removing dust and light impurities in the raw materials. The dust and light impurities generated by the vibration of the separator are secondarily and orderly collected and removed in the dust removal hood, optimizing the working environment and also ensuring that the sunflower kernel products contain as few impurities as possible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS:

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the flywheel of the sunflower huller in Embodiment 1;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the sunflower huller in Embodiment 2;

[0036] Figure 3 It is an installation schematic diagram of the flywheel, flyblock, and distributor of the sunflower huller in Embodiment 2 Figure 1 ;

[0037] Figure 4 It is an installation schematic diagram of the flywheel, flyblock, and distributor of the sunflower huller in Embodiment 2 Figure 2 ;

[0038] Figure 5 It is a top view of the assembly of the flywheel, flyblock, and distributor of the sunflower huller in Embodiment 2;

[0039] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the lower spinning plate, spinning block and distributor of the sunflower sheller in Example 2;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a front view of a sunflower shelling machine according to Example 3;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a top view of the sunflower shelling machine of Example 3 (omitting the dust cover);

[0042] Figure 9 Axonometric view of the sunflower shelling machine of embodiment 3 Figure 1 (Omit dust cover);

[0043] Figure 10 Axonometric view of the sunflower shelling machine of embodiment 3 Figure 2 (Omit dust cover).

[0044] In the figure: throw block 1, throw block body 1.1, guide groove 1.2, inclined surface 1.3, sheller 2, throw cylinder 2.1, top plate 2.2, motor 2.3, throw disc 2.4, throw disc feed port 2.5, distributor 2.6, feed pipe 2.7, sheller feed port 2.8, sheller discharge port 2.9, frame 3, raw material elevator 4, return material elevator 5, feed chute 6, collecting bucket 7, boiling bin 8, first separating screen 9, second separating screen 10, first selected screen 11, second selected screen 12, cyclone separator 13, screw conveyor 14, coil spring 15, dust cover 16, vibration motor 17, pneumatic conveyor 18, distribution chute 19, return trough 20. Specific implementation method:

[0045] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] A sunflower shelling block 1 comprises a block body 1.1 of rectangular shape, with a plurality of parallel guide grooves 1.2 formed on one surface of the block body 1.1 along the length direction, wherein the width of the guide grooves 1.2 is equivalent to the width of the sunflower seeds;

[0048] At the corner of one side of the swing block body 1.1 where the guide groove 1.2 is provided, a slope 1.3 is cut along its width and length directions. The slope 1.3 makes the swing block body 1.1 gradually thicker from the corner to the other corners.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] Sunflower sheller 2, including a vertically arranged cylindrical throwing cylinder 2.1 with upper and lower openings. A top plate 2.2 is provided at the top opening of the throwing cylinder 2.1, and an inlet is provided in the middle of the top plate 2.2; a motor 2.3 is vertically arranged in the throwing cylinder 2.1, and two horizontal throwing discs 2.4 are provided at the top end of the motor shaft above the motor 2.3; the bottom throwing disc 2.4 is fixedly connected to the motor shaft; a throwing disc feed inlet 2.5 is provided in the middle of the upper throwing disc 2.4, and the throwing disc feed inlet 2.5 is directly below the inlet of the top plate 2.2; between the disc surfaces of the two throwing discs 2.4, a number of vertically arranged throwing block bodies 1.1 are evenly arranged along the circumference. The throwing block body 1.1 is the throwing block body 1.1 in Embodiment 1. The throwing block body 1.1 is placed between the throwing disc feed inlet 2.5 and the edge of the throwing disc 2.4. The two long sides of the throwing block body 1.1 are attached to and fixed to the disc surfaces of the two throwing discs 2.4. The side of the throwing block body 1.1 with the guiding groove 1.2 faces the side of the adjacent throwing block body 1.1 without the guiding groove 1.2. The end of the throwing block body 1.1 with the inclined surface 1.3 is close to the throwing disc feed inlet 2.5, and the thin corner of the throwing block body 1.1 is close to the throwing disc feed inlet 2.5.

[0051] At the position on the disc surface of the lower throwing disc 2.4 directly facing the throwing disc feed inlet 2.5, a conical distributor 2.6 is provided.

[0052] A feed pipe 2.7 is vertically inserted at the opening of the top plate 2.2. The top opening of the feed pipe 2.7 is placed outside the top plate 2.2 to be the feed inlet 2.8 of the sheller; the bottom opening of the feed pipe 2.7 is placed above the throwing disc feed inlet 2.5; the bottom opening of the throwing cylinder 2.1 is the discharge outlet 2.9 of the sheller.

[0053] Embodiment 3

[0054] The sunflower sheller in this embodiment is an upgraded product of the previous generation sunflower sheller of Bayannur Yongming Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd. The previous generation sunflower sheller has applied for and been authorized for an invention patent, and the patent number is ZL201621478574.0.

[0055] The sunflower sheller of this embodiment includes a frame 3. A raw material elevator 4 and a return material elevator 5 are provided at the front end of the frame 3. Inside the frame 3, a sheller 2, a collecting hopper 7, a boiling bin 8, and a four-layer screening machine are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; a cyclone separator 13 is provided on the side of the frame 3;

[0056] The sheller 2 includes a raw material sheller and a return material sheller. The feed inlet of the raw material sheller is communicated with the discharge outlet of the raw material elevator 4 through a feed chute 6, and the feed inlet of the return material sheller is communicated with the discharge outlet of the return material elevator 5 through a feed chute 6;

[0057] Both the raw material sheller and the return material sheller adopt the sheller 2 in Embodiment 2.

[0058] The discharge ports of the raw material huller and the return material huller are both hermetically connected to the feed port of the boiling bin 8; the feed port of the cyclone separator 13 is connected to the top of the boiling bin 8. A screw conveyor 14 is provided at the discharge port of the cyclone separator 13, and the discharge port of the screw conveyor 14 is the sunflower husk outlet. The function of the boiling bin 8 is to tumble the shelled sunflower seeds, sunflower husks, and unshelled sunflower seeds obtained from the raw material huller and the return material huller under the action of blowing air. On the one hand, it causes the sunflower seeds that have opened but not been completely shelled to be removed from the shell, and on the other hand, it tumbles the sunflower husks and sucks them away by the cyclone separator 13, and finally discharges them through the screw conveyor 14; the remaining raw materials enter the subsequent screening machine from the boiling bin 8 for screening and separation.

[0059] The screen surface of the screening machine is inclined, and the screening machine is connected to the frame 3 through spiral springs 15; the lower discharge port of each screening machine is the return port, and the upper discharge port is the discharge port; the discharge port of the upper-layer screening machine is placed above the screen surface of the lower-layer screening machine; the discharge port of the lowermost screening machine is the sunflower seed kernel collection port; the return ports of the first-layer screening machine and the second-layer screening machine are connected to the feed port of the return elevator 5; a return mechanism is provided on the side of the third-layer and fourth-layer screening machines, the feed port of the return mechanism is connected to the discharge port of the screening machine of the corresponding layer, and the discharge port of the return mechanism is connected to the feed port of the upper-layer screening machine.

[0060] A dust removal hood 16 is provided above the screening machine, and the dust removal hood 16 is connected to the cyclone separator 13. During the hulling process, the cyclone separator 13 performs primary dust removal on the raw materials in the fluidized bed to remove dust and light impurities in the raw materials. The dust and light impurities generated by the vibration of the separator are secondarily and orderly collected and removed in the dust removal hood 16, optimizing the working environment and also ensuring that the sunflower seed kernel product contains as little or no impurities as possible.

[0061] The screen bed of the screening machine is a scale plate screen bed. The orifices in the upper part of the scale plate screen bed are arranged obliquely upward along the bed surface of the scale plate screen bed and point to the discharge port of the screening machine. A vibration motor 17 is provided on the side of the screen bed.

[0062] The return mechanism includes a return chute 20 provided below the return port of the screening machine of the corresponding layer and a pneumatic conveyor 18 provided on the side of the screening machine. The feed port of the pneumatic conveyor 18 is arranged in the return chute 20. A cloth chute 19 is provided at the discharge port of the pneumatic conveyor 18 structure. The discharge port of the cloth chute 19 is arranged above the screen surface of the upper-layer screening machine, and the width of the cloth chute 19 is the same as the width of the screen surface of the screening machine.

[0063] In this embodiment, the boiling bin 8 adopts the skin-seed-kernel separator disclosed in "ZL201621478574.0 A sunflower hulling, skin-removing and sorting machine", and the raw material huller and the return material huller adopt the swing cylinder 2.1 disclosed in "ZL201621478574.0 A sunflower hulling, skin-removing and sorting machine".

[0064] In this embodiment, the screening machine includes four layers, which are the first separation screen 9, the second separation screen 10, the first fine selection screen 11, and the second fine selection screen 12 in sequence from top to bottom.

[0065] In this embodiment, both the raw material sheller and the return material sheller adopt the form of a centrifugal drum 2.1 for shelling. The difference is that the return material sheller has a low rotation speed and small centrifugal force. The main purpose is that after the sunflower seeds that have opened but not been shelled are thrown to the casing of the centrifugal drum 2.1, the shells are broken to remove the sunflower kernels. If the return material sheller 2 has a high rotation speed and large centrifugal force, it is very easy to break the sunflower kernels in the sunflower seeds that have opened but not been shelled, affecting the yield rate.

[0066] Instructions for Use

[0067] The raw materials are evenly fed into the raw material sheller by the raw material elevator 4 through the distributor. After shelling, the raw materials enter the boiling bin 8. After the sunflower husks are churned up, they are sucked away by the cyclone separator 13 and finally discharged through the screw conveyor 14. The remaining raw materials enter the first separation screen 9 from the boiling bin 8 for screening and separation; the screened materials obtained at the discharge port of the first separation screen 9 enter the second separation screen 10 for further separation, the screened materials obtained at the discharge port of the second separation screen 10 enter the first fine selection screen 11 for further separation, the screened materials obtained at the discharge port of the first fine selection screen 11 enter the second fine selection screen 12 for further separation, and the sunflower kernel products after fine selection are obtained at the discharge port of the second fine selection screen 12.

[0068] The return materials obtained at the return ports of the first fine selection screen 11 and the second fine selection screen 12 are sequentially conveyed to the second separation screen 10 and the first fine selection screen 11 by the corresponding pneumatic conveyors 18 for further sorting; the return materials obtained at the return ports of the first separation screen 9 and the second separation screen 10 (most of which are sunflower seeds that have opened but not been shelled, and a small part are sunflower seeds that have not opened) are sent into the return material sheller by the return material elevator 5 for secondary shelling, and then are sequentially sent into the boiling bin 8 and the screening machine for subsequent processing.

[0069] Comparative Example 1

[0070] This comparative example provides a sheller 2, which is the sheller 2 used in the previous generation of sunflower shelling machine (a sunflower shelling, peeling and sorting machine with the patent number ZL201621478574.0) of Yongming Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd. in Bayannur City. The surface of the throwing block 1 is smooth. Compared with the sheller 2 in Embodiment 2, the centrifugal drum 2.1 has the same size, the distributor 2.6 has the same size, the motor 2.3 has the same power, the throwing block 1 has the same size, and the number of throwing blocks 1 is also the same.

[0071] Perform a single shelling experiment using the sheller 2 of Example 2 and the sheller 2 of Comparative Example 1. Feed 10 kg of sunflower seeds into each sheller 2 at the same feeding speed. Collect the materials at the discharge port and separate the sunflower husks, sunflower kernels, and unshelled sunflower seeds (including unopened sunflower seeds and opened but unshelled sunflower seeds), and count the weights respectively, which are listed in Table 1.

[0072] Table 1 Statistical table of shelling effect

[0073]

[0074] As can be seen from Table 1, the sunflower kernels (whole sunflower kernels and broken sunflower kernels) obtained in Example 2 are 3.48 kg, accounting for 34.8% of the input amount of sunflower seeds, while the sunflower kernels (whole sunflower kernels and broken sunflower kernels) obtained in Comparative Example 1 are only 1.53 kg, accounting for 15.3% of the input amount of sunflower seeds; correspondingly, the sunflower husks and unshelled sunflower seeds separated in Example 2 are 3.45 kg and 3.04 kg respectively, and the ratios accounting for the input amount of sunflower seeds are 34.5% and 30.4% respectively; the sunflower husks and unshelled sunflower seeds separated in Comparative Example 1 are 1.53 kg and 6.90 kg respectively, and the ratios accounting for the input amount of sunflower seeds are 15.3% and 69.0% respectively;

[0075] In addition, the whole sunflower kernels obtained in Example 2 are 3.32 kg, and the proportion (yield rate) accounting for the sunflower seed raw materials is 33.2%, while the whole sunflower kernels obtained in Comparative Example 1 are 1.28 kg, and the proportion (yield rate) accounting for the sunflower seed raw materials is only 12.8%.

[0076] It can be seen that using the sheller 2 of Example 2 to shell sunflower seeds has a higher shelling efficiency and a higher proportion of whole sunflower kernels than the traditional sheller 2. The reasons are as follows:

[0077] 1. The guide groove 1.2 is provided on the sheller 2. After the sunflower seeds enter the sheller 2, they are evenly distributed into the cavities between adjacent throwing blocks 1 by the distributor. The sheller 2 rotates, and the throwing block 1 contacts the sunflower seeds. The sunflower seeds enter the guide groove 1.2. Since the width of the sunflower seeds is equivalent to the width of the guide groove 1.2, the head or tail of the sunflower seeds faces the throwing cylinder 2.1. Under the action of centrifugal force, they are thrown out along the guide groove 1.2, and the head or tail of the sunflower seeds impacts the throwing cylinder 2.1 to achieve shell breaking; while the traditional throwing block 1 can only drive the sunflower seeds to be thrown outwards and has no guiding effect on the sunflower seeds. When the sunflower seeds are thrown onto the throwing cylinder 2.1, the head, tail, and abdomen may all impact the throwing cylinder 2.1. When the abdomen impacts, on the one hand, the shell breaking rate is low, and on the other hand, the probability of the sunflower kernels being broken is increased.

[0078] 2. The huller 2 is provided with an inclined surface 1.3. After entering the cavity between adjacent throwing blocks 1, the inclined surface 1.3 of the throwing block 1 contacts the sunflower seeds, and the sunflower seeds are more likely to rise along the inclined surface 1.3. The sunflower seeds can enter all the guiding grooves 1.2 of the throwing block 1 from bottom to top, and the thrown sunflower seeds are more uniform in height. After the traditional throwing block 1 contacts the sunflower seeds, there are more sunflower seeds accumulated at the lower part of the throwing block 1 and fewer at the upper part. After being thrown out, the sunflower seeds at the lower part do not disperse, and the shell-breaking effect is poor after hitting the throwing cylinder 2.1, which affects the hulling rate.

[0079] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sunflower sheller, characterized in that, It includes a sunflower shelling throwing block and a cylindrical throwing cylinder vertically arranged with upper and lower openings. A top plate is provided at the upper opening of the throwing cylinder, and an inlet is opened in the middle of the top plate. A motor is vertically arranged in the throwing cylinder, and the motor shaft of the motor is coaxially arranged with the main body of the sheller. At the top end of the motor shaft above the motor, two horizontal throwing disks are provided. The throwing disk at the bottom is fixedly connected to the motor shaft. A throwing disk feed inlet is opened in the middle of the upper throwing disk, and the throwing disk feed inlet is directly below the inlet of the top plate. A number of vertically arranged throwing block bodies are evenly arranged along the circumference between the disk surfaces of the two throwing disks. A number of parallel guiding grooves are opened along the length direction on one surface of the throwing block body, and the width of the guiding grooves is equivalent to the width of sunflower seeds. At the corner of the surface of the throwing block body where the guiding grooves are provided, an inclined surface is cut along its width direction and length direction, and the inclined surface makes the throwing block body gradually thicken from this corner to other corners. The throwing block body is placed between the throwing disk feed inlet and the edge of the throwing disk. The two long sides of the throwing block body are attached to and fixed to the disk surfaces of the two throwing disks. The surface of the throwing block body where the guiding grooves are provided faces the surface of the adjacent throwing block body where no guiding grooves are provided. The end of the throwing block body with the inclined surface is close to the throwing disk feed inlet, and the thin corner of the throwing block body is close to the throwing disk feed inlet.

2. The sunflower sheller according to claim 1, characterized in that, A conical distributor is provided at the position on the disk surface of the lower throwing disk directly opposite the throwing disk feed inlet.

3. The sunflower sheller according to claim 1, wherein, A feed pipe is vertically inserted at the opening of the top plate. The top opening of the feed pipe is placed outside the top plate and serves as the feed inlet of the sheller. The bottom opening of the feed pipe is placed above the throwing disk feed inlet. The bottom opening of the throwing cylinder is the discharge outlet of the sheller.

4. A sunflower shelling machine using the sunflower sheller according to any one of claims 1-3, comprising a frame, characterized in that, A raw material elevator and a return material elevator are provided at the front end of the frame. Inside the frame, a sheller, a collecting hopper, a boiling bin, and a multi-layer screening machine are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. A cyclone separator is provided at the side of the frame. The sheller includes a raw material sheller and a return material sheller. The feed inlet of the raw material sheller is connected to the discharge outlet of the raw material elevator through a feed chute pipe. The feed inlet of the return material sheller is connected to the discharge outlet of the return material elevator through a feed chute pipe. The discharge outlets of the raw material sheller and the return material sheller are both hermetically connected to the feed inlet of the boiling bin. The feed inlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the top of the boiling bin. The screening surface of the screening machine is inclined, and the screening machine is flexibly connected to the frame. The lower discharge opening of each screening machine is the return material opening, and the upper discharge opening is the discharge opening. The discharge opening of the upper screening machine is placed above the screening surface of the lower screening machine. The discharge opening of the lowermost screening machine is the sunflower kernel collection opening. The return material opening of the upper screening machine is connected to the feed inlet of the return material elevator. A return material mechanism is provided at the side of the lower screening machine. The feed inlet of the return material mechanism is connected to the discharge outlet of the screening machine of the current layer, and the discharge outlet of the return material mechanism is placed above the upper screening machine.

5. The sunflower shelling machine according to claim 4, wherein The screening bed of the screening machine is a fish scale plate screening bed. The orifices in the upper part of the fish scale plate screening bed are arranged obliquely upward along the bed surface of the fish scale plate screening bed and point to the discharge outlet of the screening machine. A vibration motor is provided at the side of the screening bed.

6. The sunflower shelling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The screening machine is connected to the frame through spring plates or helical springs.

7. The sunflower shelling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, A screw conveyor is provided at the discharge port of the cyclone separator, and the discharge port of the screw conveyor is the sunflower husk outlet.

8. The sunflower sheller according to claim 4, characterized in that, The return material mechanism includes a return material trough provided below the return material port of the screening machine on the current layer and a lifting mechanism provided on the side of the screening machine. The feed port of the lifting mechanism is arranged in the return material trough, and the discharge port of the lifting mechanism is arranged above the screen surface of the upper-layer screening machine.

9. The sunflower shelling machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism is a pneumatic conveyor, a bucket elevator or a screw conveyor.

10. The sunflower shelling machine according to claim 8, wherein, A cloth chute is provided at the discharge port of the lifting mechanism, and the width of the cloth chute is equivalent to the width of the screen of the screening machine.

11. The sunflower shelling machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, A dust removal hood is provided above the screening machine, and the dust removal hood is connected to the cyclone separator.

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