An ultra-low emission dust removal system for top-loading coal cars and a control method thereof

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of super low emission dust removal system for top-loading coal car, which is in the form of spherical seal + plane seal + smoke dust collecting cover + dust collecting pipeline + pre-spraying system + pre-treater + on-board dust collector, and overcomes the influence of factors such as furnace body deformation, misalignment, furnace seat with sundries, pressure fluctuation in carbonization chamber, etc. A pre-treater is added at the front end of the dust collector, a pre-spraying system is added at the front end of the pre-treater, explosion-proof valves are added to the dust collecting pipeline, pre-treater and dust collector, and non-combustible metal filter cartridges are used in the dust collector to prevent explosion and fire. Thus, the problem of coal loading smoke dust overflow is solved, and the safety, stability, reliability and environmental protection of the equipment are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of metallurgical coking, and in particular to an ultra-low emission dust removal system for a top-loading coal car and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The top-loading coal car is a crucial piece of coke oven machinery, primarily responsible for receiving coal from the coal tower and loading it into the carbonization chamber. The coal loading guide is the device that connects the hopper to the carbonization chamber during loading. This operation generates a significant amount of flue gas, which contains harmful components such as benzopyrene, necessitating proper dust treatment. Currently, top-loading coke oven coal loading typically utilizes negative pressure from the furnace to direct the resulting dust into the gas manifold. Therefore, the coal loading guide must be fully sealed during loading.

[0003] At present, in domestic top-loading coke ovens, the lower port of the coal-loading guide sleeve of the smokeless coal-loading car is a spherical structure, and the furnace base of the furnace body is a conical structure. The smokeless coal-loading car adopts the spherical structure of the coal-loading guide sleeve to press it on the conical structure of the furnace base to achieve spherical sealing and then cooperate with the single-hole furnace pressure adjustable system of the furnace body to achieve smokeless coal loading. However, when the two operations of coal loading and coal leveling are carried out, due to factors such as furnace body deformation error and large pressure fluctuations in the carbonization chamber, smoke and dust will emerge from the spherical seal for a certain period of time and be discharged into the atmosphere, polluting the environment.

[0004] The following problems may arise during the use of existing technologies:

[0005] 1) After the coke oven is baked and used for a period of time, the position of the furnace seat will deviate, the spherical seal will not be tightly sealed, smoke and dust will come out, polluting the environment.

[0006] 2) The coal loading car is not aligned accurately, the spherical seal is not tight, smoke and dust are emitted, polluting the environment.

[0007] 3) When there is tar coal powder on the furnace base, the spherical surface is not sealed tightly, smoke and dust will come out, polluting the environment.

[0008] 4) Sticky substances such as tar in the coal smoke adhere to the filter cartridge and clog the dust collector.

[0009] 5) When starting to load coal and level coal, the pressure in the carbonization chamber fluctuates greatly, and smoke and dust will come out from the spherical seal, polluting the environment.

[0010] 6) When open flames or flaming particles in the coal-loading dust enter the dust removal system, the dust removal system is at risk of explosion and fire. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The present application provides a top-loading coal car ultra-low emission dust removal system to solve the problem of coal dust overflow during the coal loading operation.

[0012] The technical means adopted by the present application are as follows:

[0013] The present application provides a top-loading coal car ultra-low emission dust removal system, which comprises a sealing guide sleeve device, a dust collection cover, a wind mixing valve, a dust collection pipeline, a diffusion valve, a discharge valve, a conveyor, a fan, a connecting pipe I, a dust collector, a connecting pipe II, a pre-treater, a scraper No. 1, a scraper No. 2, a material receiving pipe, a coal hopper, a fixed guide sleeve, a corrugated pipe, a lower guide sleeve and an outer guide sleeve.

[0014] The sealing guide sleeve device comprises a cylinder bracket, a cylinder, a lifting rail, a lifting frame, a hanger, a joint bearing, a dust suction cover and a planar sealing guide sleeve.

[0015] The sealing guide sleeve device is coaxial with the furnace seat and located directly above the furnace seat during the coal loading operation.

[0016] The sealing guide sleeve device is fixed at the lower end of the lower guide sleeve through a flange connection, and the upper part of the fixed guide sleeve is fixed on the screw feeder of the coal loading car. The position is unchanged during the coal loading operation. The corrugated pipe is connected between the fixed guide sleeve and the outer guide sleeve to provide sealing and tensioning for the spherical sealing between the outer guide sleeve and the lower guide sleeve.

[0017] A pressure sensor is installed on the fixed guide sleeve, and the pressure signal is connected to the PLC system and the cylinder of the sealing guide sleeve device (data) for real-time monitoring of the pressure inside the sealing guide sleeve device to determine the starting time of the coal loading and the time of lifting the sealing guide sleeve device.

[0018] The dust collection cover is fixed below the dust collection pipeline and is connected to the dust suction cover during the coal loading operation. The wind mixing valve is installed on the dust collection cover, and the opening of the wind mixing valve can be adjusted to mix a certain amount of cold air during dust suction.

[0019] The dust collection pipeline connects the dust collection cover and the pre-treater, and an explosion-proof valve is arranged on the dust collection pipeline.

[0020] The pre-spraying system is arranged at the front end of the pre-treater and connected to the dust collection pipeline.

[0021] Before loading coal, the fan is started to spray the spraying material into the dust collection pipeline.

[0022] The pre-treater is arranged at the front end of the dust collector and connected through the connecting pipe II. The pre-treater is provided with an explosion-proof valve and adopts a cyclone structure.

[0023] The conveyor is fixed below the dust collector bin.

[0024] Discharge valves are respectively provided under the pre-treatment machine and the conveyor. The discharge valves are connected with the scraper 1, the scraper 1 is connected with the scraper 2, and the scraper 2 is connected with the coal hopper through the material receiving pipe.

[0025] The fan is connected to the dust collector through connecting pipe I to provide power for the dust removal system;

[0026] The fan, dust collector, pre-processor, scraper 1, scraper 2 and pre-spraying system are all fixed on the steel structure to form a whole;

[0027] In the above-mentioned sealing guide sleeve device, the cylinder bracket is fixed on the steel structure, the upper end of the cylinder is fixed on the cylinder bracket, and the lower end is connected to the lifting frame. The lifting track is fixed on the steel structure. The lifting frame can move up and down along the lifting track under the drive of the cylinder. The lifting frame is connected to the hanger, and the hanger is connected to the flat sealing guide sleeve through a four-point joint bearing, and the universal joint principle is used to adapt to the deformation and unevenness of the furnace body.

[0028] Further,

[0029] The sealing guide sleeve device further comprises: an adjusting bolt and a sealing material;

[0030] The lower plane of the flat sealing guide sleeve is provided with three layers of sealing material, and the sealing material adopts three layers of woven protective ceramic fiber packing;

[0031] The sealing material is provided with an adjusting bolt, which can adjust the extension of the sealing material in time.

[0032] Further,

[0033] The above-mentioned dust collector uses non-flammable metal filter cartridges instead of cloth bags and is equipped with explosion-proof valves.

[0034] The above-mentioned control method of an ultra-low emission dust removal system for a top-loading coal car,

[0035] The following steps are involved:

[0036] Step 1: After the coal loading car moves to the working position and brakes, the sealing guide sleeve device is coaxial with the furnace base and is located directly above the furnace base;

[0037] When coal loading begins, the control cylinder piston rod extends, pushing the lifting frame to move vertically downward within the lifting track. The lifting frame drives the sealing guide sleeve device and the lower guide sleeve to move downward simultaneously. When the cylinder moves into position, the dust hood and the dust collection hood are connected, the cylinder maintains pressure continuously, and the sealing material presses against the furnace body to ensure sealing. The cylinder is equipped with a displacement sensor that can automatically detect the front limit position and control the cylinder stroke to adapt to the unevenness of the furnace roof. At this time, the bellows is in a tensile state, and the reaction force causes the outer guide sleeve and the lower guide sleeve to seal spherically, ensuring the sealing of the mating surfaces during coal loading.

[0038] Step two, the fan starts, provides power for the dust removal system, so that the dust collection pipeline, dust collection cover has enough negative pressure dust collection;

[0039] The pre-spraying system starts to spray the spraying material into the dust collection pipeline; the conveyor, the unloading valve, the scraper No. 1, and the scraper No. 2 also start to automatically collect the dust and impurities after dust removal;

[0040] Step three, after the ultra-low emission dust removal system is ready, according to the pressure signal of the pressure sensor, the coal charging system is interlocked, when the designed coal charging pressure value is reached, the screw feeder starts to charge coal;

[0041] Step four, when the coal charging is completed, the screw feeder stops working, the pre-spraying system stops working, the fan stops working, the unloading valve is closed to return to the original position, the conveyor, the scraper No. 1, and the scraper No. 2 stop working, according to the pressure signal of the pressure sensor, when the pressure value of the sealing guide sleeve device is reached, the sealing guide sleeve device returns to the original position, thus, a working cycle is completed.

[0042] The application adopting the technical scheme has the advantages that through the form of spherical sealing + plane sealing + smoke dust collection cover + dust collection pipeline + pre-treater + vehicle-mounted dust collector, the influence of factors such as furnace body deformation, misalignment, furnace seat impurities, and pressure fluctuation in the carbonization chamber is overcome. The pre-treater is added at the front end of the dust collector, the pre-spraying system is added at the front end of the pre-treater, the explosion-proof valve is added to the dust collection pipeline, the pre-treater, and the dust collector, the non-combustible metal filter cartridge is used in the dust collector to prevent explosion and fire. Thus, the coal charging smoke dust overflow is solved, and the safety, stability, reliability, and environmental protection of the equipment are improved.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages:

[0044] 1. The plane sealing guide sleeve structure has strong deformation error adaptability;

[0045] 2. The hanger and the plane sealing guide sleeve are connected through the joint bearing, and the furnace top deviation is adapted;

[0046] 3. The oil cylinder of the sealing guide sleeve device is provided with a displacement sensor, which can automatically detect the front limit position, control the oil cylinder stroke, adapt to the unevenness of the furnace top, and improve the degree of automation of the equipment;

[0047] 4. The fixed guide sleeve is provided with a pressure sensor, which can monitor the internal pressure of the guide sleeve in real time, and is interlocked with the coal charging signal and the guide sleeve lifting signal to determine the coal charging start time and the guide sleeve lifting time, thereby reducing the smoke dust overflow and improving the degree of automation of the equipment;

[0048] 5. The sealing material is high-temperature-resistant, wear-resistant, and extrusion-resistant, and the extension amount is adjustable and easy to replace;

[0049] 6. The dust removal system is provided with the pre-treater and the explosion-proof valve, and is safe and reliable;

[0050] 7. The dust removal system is equipped with a pre-spraying system to increase the service life of the dust collector.

[0051] 8. The dust collector uses non-combustible metal filter cartridges with large filtration area and no combustion;

[0052] 9. The dust collecting hood is equipped with an adjustable air mixing valve to mix in cold air according to the situation to reduce the temperature of the smoke;

[0053] 10. Use conveyors, scrapers, etc. to collect and transport dust and impurities to improve the unmanned and automated level of the equipment;

[0054] 11. Improve the environmental friendliness of top-loading coal cars and reduce the harm of pollution to human body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0056] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the working state of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the sealing guide sleeve device of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the flat sealing guide sleeve of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the dust hood of the present invention.

[0060] In the picture:

[0061] 1. Sealing guide sleeve device; 2. Dust hood; 3. Air mixing valve; 4. Dust collection duct; 5. Release valve; 6. Discharge valve; 7. Conveyor; 8. Fan; 9. Connecting pipe I; 10. Dust collector; 11. Connecting pipe II; 12. Pre-processor; 13. Scraper 1; 14. Scraper 2; 15 Feeding pipe; 16. Coal hopper; 17. Screw feeder; 18. Furnace base; 19. Fixed guide sleeve; 20. Bellows; 21. Lower guide sleeve; 22. Steel structure; 23. Outer guide sleeve; 24. Pre-spraying system; 25. Pressure sensor

[0062] 1.1. Cylinder bracket; 1.2. Cylinder; 1.3. Lifting rail; 1.4. Lifting frame; 1.5. Hanger; 1.6. Spherical bearing; 1.7. Dust hood; 1.8. Flat sealing guide sleeve; 1.9. Adjusting bolt; 1.10. Sealing material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0064] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0065] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0066] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be clear that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The techniques, methods and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant fields may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques, methods and equipment should be considered as part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following figures, so once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0067] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "transverse, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and in the absence of contrary description, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application: the orientation words "inner, outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the contour of each component itself.

[0068] For the convenience of description, spatial relative terms such as "over", "above", "upper surface", "upper" and the like can be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of one device or feature with other devices or features as shown in the drawings. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation of the devices described in the drawings. For example, if the devices in the drawings are inverted, the device described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures will be positioned "below" or "under" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below" orientations. The devices can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0069] In addition, it should be noted that the use of the words "first", "second" and the like to define parts is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding parts, and the above words have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application.

[0070] As shown in the drawings, Figures 1 to 4 The present application provides a top-loading coal car with an ultra-low emission dust removal system, which comprises a sealing guide sleeve device 1, a dust collecting cover 2, a wind mixing valve 3, a dust collecting pipeline 4, a diffusion valve 5, a discharge valve 6, a conveyor 7, a fan 8, a connecting pipe I 9, a dust collector 10, a connecting pipe II 11, a pre-treater 12, a scraper machine I 13, a scraper machine II 14, a receiving pipe 15, a coal hopper 16, a fixed guide sleeve 19, a corrugated pipe 20, a lower guide sleeve 21 and an outer guide sleeve 23.

[0071] The sealing guide sleeve device 1 comprises a cylinder bracket 1.1, a cylinder 1.2, a lifting rail 1.3, a lifting frame 1.4, a hanging frame 1.5, a knuckle bearing 1.6, a dust collecting cover 1.7, a planar sealing guide sleeve 1.8, an adjusting bolt 1.9 and a sealing material 1.10.

[0072] The sealing guide sleeve device 1 is coaxial with the hearth 18 and located directly above the hearth 18 during the coal loading operation.

[0073] The sealing guide sleeve device 1 is fixed to the lower end of the lower guide sleeve 21 through a flange connection. The upper part of the fixed guide sleeve 19 is fixed to the screw feeder 17 of the coal charging car and remains in position during the coal loading operation. The bellows 20 is connected between the fixed guide sleeve 19 and the outer guide sleeve 23 to provide sealing and tightening of the spherical seal between the outer guide sleeve 23 and the lower guide sleeve 21.

[0074] The pressure sensor 24 is installed on the fixed guide sleeve 19. The pressure signal is connected to the PLC system and is interlocked with the coal loading system and the oil cylinder 1.2 of the sealing guide sleeve device 1. It is used to monitor the pressure inside the sealing guide sleeve device 1 in real time and determine the start time of coal loading and the time of lifting the sealing guide sleeve device 1.

[0075] The dust collecting hood 2 is fixed below the dust collecting pipe 4 and is docked with the dust collecting hood 1.7 during coal loading operation. The air mixing valve 3 is installed on the dust collecting hood 2, and the opening of the air mixing valve 3 is adjustable. A certain amount of cold air can be mixed in during dust collection to cool the smoke and prevent fire and explosion.

[0076] The dust collection duct 4 connects the dust hood 2 and the pre-processor 12. An explosion-proof valve 5 is installed in the dust collection duct 4. When the pressure in the dust collection duct 4 increases, the explosion-proof valve 5 opens to release the pressure, providing a safety and explosion-proof function. The pre-spraying system 25 is arranged at the front end of the pre-processor 12 and connected to the dust collection duct 4. Before loading coal, the fan 8 is started to spray the spray material into the dust collection duct 4.

[0077] Discharge valves are respectively provided under the pre-processor and the conveyor, the discharge valves are connected with the scraper 1, the scraper 1 is connected with the scraper 2, and the scraper 2 is connected with the coal hopper through the material receiving pipe;

[0078] The pre-processor 12 is arranged at the front end of the dust collector 10 and is connected via a connecting pipe II 11. The pre-processor 12 is provided with an explosion-proof valve 5 and adopts a cyclone structure to settle large particles of dust and capture sparks, thereby playing a role in safety and explosion prevention.

[0079] The dust collector 10 uses a non-flammable metal filter cartridge instead of a cloth bag, which has a large filtering area and does not burn to prevent fire. In addition, an explosion-proof valve 5 is provided to play an explosion-proof role.

[0080] Conveyor 7 is fixed below the silo of dust collector 10 and is used to transport the dust and impurities after dust removal. Discharge valves 6 are respectively installed below pre-processor 12 and conveyor 7. Discharge valve 6 is connected to scraper 13, which is connected to scraper 2 14. Scraper 2 14 is connected to coal hopper 16 via a material receiving pipe 15. This allows the dust and impurities after dust removal to be automatically transferred to coal hopper 16, reducing manual collection and improving the automation and unmanned operation of the equipment.

[0081] The fan 8 is connected to the dust collector 10 through the connecting pipe I 9 to provide power for the dust removal system. The fan 8, dust collector 10, pre-processor 12, scraper 13, scraper 2 14, and pre-spraying system 25 are all fixed on the steel structure 22.

[0082] In the sealing guide sleeve device 1, the cylinder bracket 1.1 is fixed on the steel structure 22, the upper end of the cylinder 1.2 is fixed on the cylinder bracket 1.1, and the lower end is connected to the lifting frame 1.4. The lifting rail 1.3 is fixed on the steel structure 22. The lifting frame 1.4 can move up and down along the lifting rail 1.3 under the drive of the cylinder 1.2. The lifting frame 1.4 is connected to the hanger 1.5, and the hanger 1.5 is connected to the flat sealing guide sleeve 1.8 through a four-point joint bearing 1.6, using the universal joint principle to adapt to the deformation and unevenness of the furnace body.

[0083] The lower surface of flat sealing guide sleeve 1.8 is provided with three layers of sealing material 1.10. Sealing material 1.10 utilizes three layers of braided, protective ceramic fiber packing, which is resistant to high temperatures, wear, and extrusion, exhibits excellent sealing properties and plasticity, and has a long service life. Adjusting bolts 1.9 are provided on sealing material 1.10 to adjust the extension of sealing material 1.10 to accommodate unevenness of the furnace body.

[0084] The control method of the ultra-low emission dust removal system for the top-loading coal car comprises the following steps:

[0085] In the first step, after the coal charging car moves to the working position and brakes, the sealing guide sleeve device 1 is coaxial with the furnace base 18 and is located directly above the furnace base 18.

[0086] When the coal loading operation begins, the piston rod of the oil cylinder 1.2 extends, pushing the lifting frame 1.4 to move vertically downward in the lifting track 1.3. The lifting frame 1.4 drives the sealing guide sleeve device 1 and the lower guide sleeve 21 to move downward at the same time. When the oil cylinder 1.2 moves into place, the dust hood 1.7 is connected to the dust collecting hood 2, the oil cylinder 1.2 maintains pressure continuously, and the sealing material 1.10 presses the furnace body to ensure sealing. The oil cylinder 1.2 is equipped with a displacement sensor, which can automatically detect the front limit position and control the stroke of the oil cylinder 1.2 to adapt to the unevenness of the furnace roof. At this time, the bellows 20 is in a tensile state, and the reaction force causes the outer guide sleeve 23 and the lower guide sleeve 21 to be spherically sealed, ensuring the sealing of the mating surfaces during the coal loading process.

[0087] In the second step, fan 8 starts, powering the dust removal system and creating sufficient negative pressure within dust collection duct 4 and dust hood 2 to absorb dust. Pre-spraying system 24 starts, spraying spray material into dust collection duct 4. Conveyor 7, discharge valve 6, scrapers 13, and scrapers 14 also start simultaneously, automatically collecting dust and impurities after dust removal.

[0088] In the third step, after the ultra-low emission dust removal system is ready, it is linked with the coal loading system according to the pressure signal of the pressure sensor 25. When the designed coal loading pressure value is reached, the screw feeder 17 starts to load coal.

[0089] In the fourth step, coal loading is completed, the screw feeder 17 stops working, the pre-spraying system 24 stops working, the fan 8 stops working, the discharge valve 6 is closed and restored to its original position, the conveyor 7, the scraper 13, and the scraper 2 14 stop working, and according to the pressure signal of the pressure sensor 25, when the pressure value of the sealing guide sleeve device 1 is reached, the sealing guide sleeve device 1 returns to its original position, and thus a working cycle ends.

[0090] The structural form of the flat sealing guide sleeve has overcome the influence of factors such as inaccurate alignment, furnace seat position deviation, and impurities in the furnace seat, but the following factors may still cause smoke.

[0091] Case 1: When coal is first loaded and leveled, the pressure in the carbonization chamber fluctuates greatly;

[0092] Case 2: The unevenness of the furnace roof is too poor, and there is a gap between the furnace roof and the sealing material 1.10;

[0093] A small amount of coal-charging dust will escape from between the furnace roof and sealing material 1.10. This dust is collected in hood 1.7 and, using the negative pressure generated by fan 8, is transported through hood 2, dust collection duct 4, pre-processor 12, and connecting pipe II 11 to the dust collector for treatment. After treatment, the dust is discharged through connecting pipe I 9 to the chimney. The removed solid impurities are transferred to coal hopper 16 via conveyor 7, discharge valve 6, scraper 13, scraper 2 14, and receiving pipe 15, eliminating the need for manual operation and achieving unmanned operation.

[0094] The dust removal system has added three safety measures to prevent accidents. During the entire coal loading and dust removal process, if open flames or flaming particles emerge from the coal loading port and enter the dust collection pipe 4, they will pass through the pre-processor 12. The pre-processor 12 adopts a cyclone structure, which can play a role in settling large particles and capturing open flames, reducing the risk of fire and explosion. The dust collection pipe 4, pre-processor 12, and dust collector 10 are all equipped with explosion-proof valves 5. When the pressure in the system rises sharply, the explosion-proof valves 5 will open to release pressure and avoid explosions. At the same time, the dust collector 10 uses non-flammable metal filter cartridges instead of filter bags to avoid fire.

[0095] In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sealing guide sleeve device 1 adopts a planar sealing structure, which overcomes the influence of factors such as furnace body deformation and alignment error.

[0096] Preferably, the oil cylinder 1.2 is provided with a position sensor, which can automatically detect the front limit and control the stroke of the oil cylinder 1.2 to adapt to the unevenness of the furnace roof.

[0097] Preferably, the sealing material 1.10 of the present invention adopts three layers of braided protective ceramic fiber packing, which is resistant to high temperature, wear and extrusion.

[0098] Preferably, the sealing material 1.10 is provided with an adjustable bolt 1.9 to adjust the extension amount in due time.

[0099] In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a pressure sensor 25 is added to the fixed guide sleeve 19, and the pressure signal is connected to the PLC system and interlocked with the coal loading signal and the guide sleeve lifting signal to determine the coal loading start time and the guide sleeve lifting time.

[0100] In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a pre-processor 12 is added before the dust collector 10, and adopts a cyclone structure, which can play the role of settling large particles and capturing open flames.

[0101] Preferably, in the present invention, a pre-spraying system is added before the pre-processor 12, which can play a role in encapsulating sticky substances such as tar in the smoke and avoid clogging the dust collector.

[0102] Preferably, the dust collector 10 uses a non-combustible metal filter cartridge to increase the filtration area and avoid the risk of combustible fire.

[0103] In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dust collecting duct 4, the dust collector 10, and the pre-processor 12 are additionally provided with explosion-proof valves 5 to play a role in safety and explosion prevention.

[0104] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultra-low emission dust removal system for a top-loading coal car, characterized in that: include: Sealing guide sleeve device, dust collecting hood, air mixing valve, dust collecting duct, relief valve, discharge valve, conveyor, fan, connecting pipe I, dust collector, connecting pipe II, pre-spraying system, pre-processor, scraper I, scraper II, material receiving pipe, coal hopper, fixed guide sleeve, bellows, lower guide sleeve and outer guide sleeve; The sealing guide sleeve device comprises: an oil cylinder bracket, an oil cylinder, a lifting rail, a lifting frame, a hanger, a spherical bearing, a dust cover and a flat sealing guide sleeve; During coal loading operation, the sealing guide sleeve device is coaxial with the furnace base and is located directly above the furnace base; The sealing guide sleeve device is fixed to the lower end of the lower guide sleeve through a flange connection. The upper part of the fixed guide sleeve is fixed to the screw feeder of the coal loading car. Its position remains unchanged during the coal loading operation. The bellows is connected between the fixed guide sleeve and the outer guide sleeve to provide sealing and tightening of the spherical seal between the outer guide sleeve and the lower guide sleeve. The pressure sensor is installed on the fixed guide sleeve. The pressure signal is connected to the PLC system and interlocked with the coal loading system and the oil cylinder of the sealing guide sleeve device. It is used to monitor the pressure inside the sealing guide sleeve device in real time and determine the start time of coal loading and the time to lift the sealing guide sleeve device. The dust collecting hood is fixed under the dust collecting pipe and docked with the dust collecting hood during coal loading. The air mixing valve is installed on the dust collecting hood and the opening of the air mixing valve is adjustable, so that a certain amount of cold air can be mixed in during dust collection. The dust collection pipe is connected to the dust collection hood and the pre-processor, and an explosion-proof valve is installed in the dust collection pipe; The pre-spraying system is arranged at the front end of the pre-processor and connected to the dust collection pipe; Before loading coal, the fan is started and spray paint is injected into the dust collection pipe; The pre-processor is arranged at the front end of the dust collector and connected through connecting pipe II. The pre-processor is equipped with an explosion-proof valve and adopts a cyclone structure; The conveyor is fixed below the dust collector silo; Discharge valves are respectively provided under the pre-processor and the conveyor, the discharge valves are connected with the scraper 1, the scraper 1 is connected with the scraper 2, and the scraper 2 is connected with the coal hopper through the material receiving pipe; The fan is connected to the dust collector through connecting pipe I to provide power for the dust removal system; The fan, dust collector, pre-processor, scraper 1, scraper 2, and pre-spraying system are all fixed on the steel structure to form a whole; In the above-mentioned sealing guide sleeve device, the cylinder bracket is fixed on the steel structure, the upper end of the cylinder is fixed on the cylinder bracket, and the lower end is connected to the lifting frame. The lifting track is fixed on the steel structure. The lifting frame can move up and down along the lifting track under the drive of the cylinder. The lifting frame is connected to the hanger, and the hanger is connected to the flat sealing guide sleeve through a four-point joint bearing, and the universal joint principle is used to adapt to the deformation and unevenness of the furnace body.

2. The ultra-low emission dust removal system for a top-loading coal car according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sealing guide sleeve device further comprises: an adjusting bolt and a sealing material; The lower plane of the flat sealing guide sleeve is provided with three layers of sealing material, and the sealing material adopts three layers of woven protective ceramic fiber packing; The sealing material is provided with an adjusting bolt, which can adjust the extension of the sealing material in time.

3. An ultra-low emission dust removal system for a top-loading coal car according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The above-mentioned dust collector uses non-flammable metal filter cartridges instead of cloth bags and is equipped with explosion-proof valves.

4. The control method of the ultra-low emission dust removal system for a top-loading coal car according to claim 2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: After the coal loading car moves to the working position and brakes, the sealing guide sleeve device is coaxial with the furnace base and is located directly above the furnace base; When coal loading begins, the control cylinder piston rod extends, pushing the lifting frame to move vertically downward within the lifting track. The lifting frame drives the sealing guide sleeve device and the lower guide sleeve to move downward simultaneously. When the cylinder moves into position, the dust hood and the dust collection hood are connected, the cylinder maintains pressure continuously, and the sealing material presses against the furnace body to ensure sealing. The cylinder is equipped with a displacement sensor that can automatically detect the front limit position and control the cylinder stroke to adapt to the unevenness of the furnace roof. At this time, the bellows is in a tensile state, and the reaction force causes the outer guide sleeve and the lower guide sleeve to seal spherically, ensuring the sealing of the mating surfaces during coal loading. Step 2: The fan starts to provide power for the dust removal system, so that there is sufficient negative pressure in the dust collection pipe and dust collection hood to absorb dust; The pre-spraying system starts and sprays the spray material into the dust collection pipe; the conveyor, discharge valve, scraper 1 and scraper 2 are also started at the same time to automatically collect the dust and impurities after dust removal; Step 3: After the ultra-low emission dust removal system is ready, it is linked to the coal loading system according to the pressure signal of the pressure sensor. When the designed coal loading pressure value is reached, the screw feeder starts to load coal; Step 4: After coal loading is completed, the screw feeder stops working, the pre-spraying system stops working, the fan stops working, the discharge valve closes and returns to its original position, the conveyor, scraper 1, and scraper 2 stop working, and according to the pressure signal of the pressure sensor, when the pressure value of the sealing guide sleeve device is reached, the sealing guide sleeve device returns to its original position. At this point, one working cycle ends.

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