A method for measuring change law of high-pressure water breaking coal rock in a hydraulic punching process

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of measurement methods of high-pressure water crushing coal rock change law in hydraulic punching process, use high-pressure water punching jet, drill rod, coal mine drilling machine, laser ranging module is set on high-pressure water punching jet, ranging light is set along the jet direction of jet orifice, angle monitoring module, axial monitoring module are cooperatively arranged with drill rod, control module establishes the time-space coordinates of jet orifice by the size parameters of pre-set high-pressure water punching jet, timing module, axial monitoring module, angle monitoring module, control module establishes the dynamic three-dimensional data of hole by laser ranging module and ranging result are matched with each other to establish the space coordinates of jet orifice, control module stores dynamic three-dimensional data by storage module, and the image of dynamic three-dimensional data is displayed by display module.The application not only can obtain accurate data of drilling in the process of punching, but also can obtain the influence of rock stress condition and the change of coal rock property on the punching process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydraulic drilling technology, and in particular to a method for measuring the change law of high-pressure water breaking coal and rock during hydraulic drilling. Background Technology

[0002] Hydraulic drilling refers to the method of using water jets sprayed during drilling to flush out coal and gas from a protruding coal seam or induce a controllable small outburst, thereby relieving pressure on the coal body, releasing gas, and eliminating the danger of mining outbursts.

[0003] The depth and geological structure of coal seams vary, leading to changes in confining pressure and consequently altering their mechanical properties. Before initial coal mining, drilling is conducted to obtain data on coal seam depth and geological structure. Geological exploration is used to determine stress conditions and mechanical properties of the coal seams, providing reference and guidance for subsequent mining operations. However, in actual hydraulic drilling processes, the dynamic fracturing behavior of coal under high-pressure water remains unclear. The reasons for this are as follows:

[0004] (1) Existing simulation software cannot fully simulate the changing state of high-pressure water. Therefore, the stress changes caused by the impact of high-pressure water on coal and rock cannot fully reflect the actual situation. Moreover, the drill rod rotates and moves up and down under the action of the drilling machine. The simulation software has too many prerequisites and lacks consideration of the multiple deformations of the geological conditions at the engineering site. It is difficult to reflect the dynamics and final form of the cave through computer data processing.

[0005] (2) There are two types of hydraulic drilling. One type is drilling from the top plate of the coal seam to the bottom plate of the coal seam. The broken coal slag cannot be discharged in time. During the drilling process, the coal body around the hole wall deforms with new cracks. At the same time, the strength of the coal body is reduced under the softening effect of the returned coal slag water. Under the combined effect of the two, the hole blockage phenomenon is very likely to occur.

[0006] Another method is perforation from the coal seam floor to the roof. Only the rock section borehole handles the slag removal. Rock section boreholes offer greater stability and have shorter slag removal sections, allowing for effective drainage of coal slag and water, reducing the likelihood of blockage. However, the borehole morphology changes over time. Due to the upward impact of the water jets, broken coal and rock accumulate on the coal seam floor and cannot be promptly removed from the borehole. Therefore, the actual amount of coal and rock broken cannot be accurately measured using existing technology. Current technology typically calculates the enlargement volume of hydraulic perforation by dividing the mass of the coal slag ejected from the borehole by the density of the raw coal. Therefore, it is impossible to accurately measure the enlargement volume of hydraulic perforation during the process, let alone obtain its breakage patterns.

[0007] (3) Because it is impossible to accurately measure the amount of breakage during the hydraulic punching process, the existing technology uses a drilling inspection instrument to measure the final shape of the hole after the punching is completed. This method of measurement not only fails to grasp the dynamic measurement law of hydraulic punching, but also the water mist generated by the high-pressure water impact on the hole in the closed space after the punching is completed cannot be removed and will remain in the hole for a long time, making it impossible for the drilling inspection instrument to penetrate the water mist and making it difficult to accurately measure the shape of the hole. Naturally, it is also impossible to obtain accurate measurement data after punching. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the shortcomings of the aforementioned background technology, this invention proposes a method for measuring the variation law of high-pressure water crushing coal and rock during hydraulic drilling, thus solving the technical problem that existing technologies cannot measure the variation law of high-pressure water crushing coal and rock during hydraulic drilling.

[0009] The technical solution of this application is as follows:

[0010] A method for measuring the variation law of high-pressure water breaking coal and rock during hydraulic drilling involves using a high-pressure water drilling nozzle connected to a drill rod. The drill rod is connected to a coal mine drilling rig outside the borehole. A laser ranging module is installed on the high-pressure water drilling nozzle, with the ranging beam of the laser ranging module set along the high-pressure jet direction of the high-pressure water drilling nozzle. A rotation angle scale and an axial length scale are set on the drill rod outside the borehole. An angle monitoring module is set corresponding to the rotation angle scale, and an axial monitoring module is set corresponding to the axial length scale. The angle monitoring module, axial monitoring module, and laser ranging module are all connected to a control module. The control module establishes the time-space coordinates of the nozzle orifice of the high-pressure water drilling nozzle through preset high-pressure water drilling nozzle size parameters, a timing module, an axial monitoring module, and an angle monitoring module. The control module matches the spatial coordinates of the nozzle orifice with the ranging results through the laser ranging module to establish dynamic three-dimensional data of the hole. The control module stores the dynamic three-dimensional data through a storage module and displays the image of the dynamic three-dimensional data through a display module.

[0011] Furthermore, the time period for the drill rod to rotate one revolution is T. When the axial position of the drill rod remains unchanged, the data measured at the Tth second, the 2nd second, and the 3rd second are all data from the same point. The data measured at the 2nd second is compared with the data measured at the Tth second and the 3rd second, respectively. By comparison, it is determined whether the data measured at the 2nd second is reliable data. If the data measured at the 2nd second is greater than the data measured at the Tth second and less than the data measured at the 3rd second, it is determined to be reliable data obtained without being affected by the impact and breakage of the coal slag particles.

[0012] Furthermore, when the axial position of the drill rod changes back and forth, the time period for controlling the axial reciprocating extension and retraction of the drill rod and the time period for the drill rod to rotate one revolution are both t. Therefore, the data measured at the t-th second, the 2t-th second, and the 3t-th second are all data from the same point. The data measured at the 2t-th second is compared with the data measured at the t-th second and the data measured at the 3t-th second, respectively. By comparison, it is determined whether the data measured at the 2t-th second is reliable data. If the data measured at the 2t-th second is greater than the data measured at the t-th second and less than the data measured at the 3t-th second, it is determined to be reliable data obtained without being affected by the impact and breakage of the flying coal slag particles.

[0013] Furthermore, under the action of the coal mine drilling rig, the drill rod moves up and down axially while rotating. As the drill rod rotates, some coal and rock on the rotating impact plane with axial height difference are not impacted and broken. The measurement data of the unimpacted rock layer is missing. The measurement data of the unimpacted part during the current impact is supplemented by the measurement data of the impact at adjacent time.

[0014] Furthermore, the high-pressure water jet nozzle is equipped with a trigger switch connected to the control module. When high-pressure water passes through the high-pressure water jet nozzle, the control module receives a feedback signal from the trigger switch and controls the laser ranging module to work. When no high-pressure water passes through the high-pressure water jet nozzle, the control module cannot receive a feedback signal from the trigger switch and controls the laser ranging module to stop working.

[0015] Furthermore, the trigger switch is an infrared distance sensor, a pressure sensor, or a flow rate sensor.

[0016] Furthermore, the angle monitoring module includes a high-definition camera, a binocular camera, a rotation sensor, or an angle sensor.

[0017] Furthermore, the axial monitoring module includes a distance sensor, a high-definition camera, or a binocular camera. When the axial monitoring module is a distance sensor, a measuring block is provided on the drill rod outside the borehole, and the distance sensor is set along the axial direction of the drill rod and corresponds to the measuring block.

[0018] Furthermore, the time period of one revolution of the drill rod is used as a unit scale, and the measurement data is classified and summarized based on this unit scale. The measurement data of each unit scale is circumferentially depicted using the radian system to obtain the circumferentially distributed measurement data. The Z-axis is established using the length of the reciprocating motion of the drill rod pulled by the coal mine drilling rig and the drill rod added during the punching process, and the circumferentially distributed measurement data is spatially distributed.

[0019] This invention provides a method for measuring the changes in coal and rock fracture caused by high-pressure water during hydraulic drilling. It not only obtains accurate drilling data during the drilling process but also reveals the influence of rock stratum stress conditions and coal and rock properties on the drilling process. Furthermore, it accurately obtains the drilling effect under different coal and rock stratum stress conditions. Through widespread application, this invention can reveal different mechanical properties of coal and rock, the fracture patterns under high-pressure water impact at the same and different water pressures, and statistically analyze the impact and damage effects of high-pressure water on coal and rock. This provides data support for research on the mechanical changes of coal and rock and the impact and damage effects of high-pressure water on coal and rock. This invention overcomes the interference of water mist on measurements, uses the measurement data to create a portrait of the drilling cavity, obtaining a three-dimensional image of the cavity and corresponding data. Laser light, transmitted through high-pressure water, enables the measurement of the dynamic changes of the cavity during the drilling process.

[0020] Furthermore, this invention can also reflect the coal and rock fracturing status in real time. The morphology of the holes changes over time, thus simultaneously reflecting the rate and volume of fracturing and detachment. The volume of coal slag discharged from the holes can be dynamically measured within the roadway. The difference in time between coal and rock detachment and slag discharge reflects the slag discharge rate; the difference between the detached volume and the discharged volume can indirectly indicate the amount of coal slag remaining in the holes. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 : A schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0023] 1: Drill pipe;

[0024] 2: High-pressure water jet nozzle;

[0025] 3: Drilling;

[0026] 4: Coal mine drilling rig; 41: Drilling rig clamping part;

[0027] 5: Angle monitoring module;

[0028] 6: Axial monitoring module. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] A method for measuring the changes in coal and rock fracture caused by high-pressure water during hydraulic drilling, such as... Figure 1 As shown, a high-pressure water jet nozzle 2 connected to drill rod 1 is used for punching. Drill rod 1 is connected to a coal mine drilling rig 4 outside the drill hole 3. A laser ranging module is installed on the high-pressure water jet nozzle 2, and the ranging light of the laser ranging module is set along the direction of the high-pressure jet of the high-pressure water jet nozzle 2. When measuring the hole, the laser ranging module extends along the direction of the high-pressure water, and is not affected by water mist. Moreover, under the action of the high-pressure water jet, rocks and soil will not block the extension of the light, enabling accurate measurement of the hole data.

[0031] A rotation angle scale and an axial length scale are set on the drill rod 1 located outside the borehole 3. An angle monitoring module 5 is set corresponding to the rotation angle scale, and an axial monitoring module 6 is set corresponding to the axial length scale. The angle monitoring module 5 can form a correlation with the rotation angle scale to monitor the circumferential position of the drill rod 1 in real time. Based on the parameter characteristics of the drill rod 1 and the high-pressure water jet nozzle 2, the circumferential position of each high-pressure nozzle orifice on the time axis can be indirectly obtained. The axial monitoring module 6 can form a correlation with the axial length scale to monitor the depth information of the drill rod 1 in real time. Based on the parameter characteristics of the drill rod 1 and the high-pressure water jet nozzle 2, the axial position information of each high-pressure nozzle orifice on the time axis can be indirectly obtained.

[0032] The angle monitoring module 5, axial monitoring module 6, and laser ranging module are all connected to the control module. The control module establishes the time-space coordinates of the nozzle orifice of the high-pressure water jet nozzle 2 through preset size parameters of the drill rod 1 and the high-pressure water jet nozzle 2, the timing module, the axial monitoring module 6, and the angle monitoring module 5. The control module matches the spatial coordinates of the nozzle orifice with the ranging results through the laser ranging module to establish dynamic three-dimensional data of the hole. The control module stores the dynamic three-dimensional data through the storage module and displays the image of the dynamic three-dimensional data through the display module.

[0033] Specifically, the time period of one revolution of drill rod 1 is taken as a unit scale, and the measurement data is classified and summarized based on this unit scale. The measurement data of each unit scale is circumferentially depicted using the radian system to obtain the circumferentially distributed measurement data. The Z-axis is established by using the length of the reciprocating motion of drill rod 1 pulled by coal mine drilling rig 4 and the drill rod added during the punching process to spatially distribute the circumferentially distributed measurement data.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the time period for one revolution of the drill rod 1 is T. When the axial position of the drill rod 1 remains unchanged, the data measured at second T, second 2T, and third T are all data from the same point. The data measured at second T is compared with the data measured at second T and third T, respectively, to determine whether the data measured at second T is reliable. If the data measured at second T is greater than the data measured at second T but less than the data measured at third T, it is determined to be reliable data obtained without being affected by impact-induced breakage and splashing coal slag particles.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, when the axial position of drill rod 1 reciprocates, the time period for controlling the axial reciprocating extension and retraction of drill rod 1 and the time period for one rotation of drill rod 1 are both t. Therefore, the data measured at second t, second t, and third t are all data from the same point. The data measured at second t is compared with the data measured at second t and second t respectively to determine whether the data measured at second t is reliable. If the data measured at second t is greater than the data measured at second t but less than the data measured at third t, it is determined to be reliable data obtained without being affected by impact-induced breakage and splashing coal slag particles.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment, under the action of the coal mine drilling rig 4, the drill rod 1 moves up and down axially while rotating. As the drill rod 1 rotates, some coal and rock on the rotating impact plane with axial height difference are not impacted and broken. The measurement data of the unimpacted rock layer is missing. The measurement data of the unimpacted part during the current impact is made up by using the measurement data of the impact at adjacent time.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the high-pressure water jet nozzle 2 is equipped with a trigger switch connected to the control module. When high-pressure water passes through the high-pressure water jet nozzle 2, the control module receives a feedback signal from the trigger switch and controls the laser ranging module to work. When no high-pressure water passes through the high-pressure water jet nozzle 2, the control module cannot receive a feedback signal from the trigger switch and controls the laser ranging module to stop working.

[0038] Preferably, the trigger switch is an infrared distance sensor, a pressure sensor, or a flow rate sensor.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the angle monitoring module 5 includes a high-definition camera, a binocular camera, a rotation sensor, or an angle sensor. The axial monitoring module 6 includes a distance sensor, a high-definition camera, or a binocular camera. When the axial monitoring module 6 is a distance sensor, a measuring block is provided on the drill rod 1 outside the borehole 3, and the distance sensor is arranged along the axial direction of the drill rod 1 and corresponds to the measuring block.

[0040] This invention provides not only accurate drilling data during the drilling process, but also the ability to determine the influence of rock stratum stress conditions and coal and rock properties on the drilling process. It also accurately obtains the drilling effects under different coal and rock stratum stress conditions. Through widespread application, this invention can reveal different mechanical properties of coal and rock, the fracturing patterns under high-pressure water impact at the same and different water pressures, and statistical data on the impact damage of high-pressure water on coal and rock. This provides data support for research on the mechanical changes of coal and rock and the impact damage of high-pressure water on coal and rock. This invention overcomes the interference of water mist on measurements, uses measurement data to create a portrait of the drilling cavity, obtains a three-dimensional image of the cavity and corresponding data, and uses laser light through high-pressure water to measure the dynamic changes of the cavity during the drilling process.

[0041] Furthermore, this invention can also reflect the coal and rock fracturing status in real time. The morphology of the holes changes over time, thus simultaneously reflecting the rate and volume of fracturing and detachment. The volume of coal slag discharged from the holes can be dynamically measured within the roadway. The difference in time between coal and rock detachment and slag discharge reflects the slag discharge rate; the difference between the detached volume and the discharged volume can indirectly indicate the amount of coal slag remaining in the holes.

[0042] All aspects not detailed in this invention are conventional technical means known to those skilled in the art.

[0043] The above content shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and beneficial effects of the present invention. The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the variation law of high-pressure water breaking coal and rock during hydraulic drilling, wherein a high-pressure water drilling nozzle (2) connected to a drill rod (1) is used for drilling, and the drill rod (1) is connected to a coal mine drilling rig (4) outside the drill hole (3), characterized in that: A laser ranging module is installed on the high-pressure water jet nozzle (2). The ranging beam of the laser ranging module is set along the high-pressure jet direction of the high-pressure water jet nozzle (2). A trigger switch connected to the control module is installed inside the high-pressure water jet nozzle (2). The trigger switch is an infrared distance sensor, a pressure sensor, or a flow rate sensor. When high-pressure water passes through the high-pressure water jet nozzle (2), the control module receives a feedback signal from the trigger switch and controls the laser ranging module to work. When no high-pressure water passes through the high-pressure water jet nozzle (2), the control module cannot receive a feedback signal from the trigger switch and controls the laser ranging module to stop. The drill rod (1) located outside the borehole (3) is equipped with a rotation angle scale and an axial length scale. An angle monitoring module (5) is set corresponding to the rotation angle scale. The angle monitoring module (5) includes a high-definition camera, a binocular camera, a rotation angle sensor, or an angle sensor. An axial monitoring module (6) is set corresponding to the axial length scale. The axial monitoring module (6) includes a distance sensor, a high-definition camera, or a binocular camera. When the axial monitoring module (6) is a distance sensor, a measuring block is set on the drill rod (1) located outside the borehole (3). The distance sensor is set along the axial direction of the drill rod (1) and corresponds to the measuring block. The measurement module (5), axial monitoring module (6), and laser ranging module are all connected to the control module. Under the action of the coal mine drilling rig (4), the drill rod (1) moves up and down axially while rotating. As the drill rod (1) rotates, some coal and rock on the rotating impact plane with axial height difference are not impacted and broken. The measurement data of the un-impacted rock layer is missing. The measurement data of the un-impacted part during the current impact is improved by using the measurement data of the impact at adjacent time. The control module establishes the time-space of the nozzle orifice through the preset high-pressure water jet nozzle (2) size parameters, timing module, axial monitoring module (6), and angle monitoring module (5). The coordinate system is used to classify and summarize the measurement data by taking the time period of the drill rod (1) rotating once. The measurement data of each unit scale is then marked in radians to obtain the circumferentially distributed measurement data. The Z-axis is established by using the length of the reciprocating motion of the drill rod (1) pulled by the coal mine drilling rig (4) and the drill rod added during the punching process. The circumferentially distributed measurement data is then spatially distributed. The control module uses the laser ranging module to match the spatial coordinates of the nozzle orifice with the ranging results to establish the dynamic three-dimensional data of the hole. The control module stores the dynamic three-dimensional data through the storage module and displays the image of the dynamic three-dimensional data through the display module.

2. The method for measuring the change law of high-pressure water crushing of coal and rock during hydraulic drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The time period for the drill rod (1) to rotate one revolution is T. When the axial position of the drill rod (1) remains unchanged, the data measured at the Tth second, the 2nd second, and the 3rd second are all data from the same point. The data measured at the 2nd second is compared with the data measured at the Tth second and the 3rd second, respectively. The comparison is used to determine whether the data measured at the 2nd second is reliable data. If the data measured at the 2nd second is greater than the data measured at the Tth second and less than the data measured at the 3rd second, it is determined to be reliable data obtained without being affected by the impact and breakage of the coal slag particles.

3. The method for measuring the change law of high-pressure water crushing of coal and rock during hydraulic drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the axial position of the drill rod (1) changes back and forth, the time period for controlling the axial reciprocating extension and retraction of the drill rod (1) and the time period for the drill rod (1) to rotate one revolution are both t. Then the data measured at the t-th second, the 2t-th second, and the 3t-th second are all data from the same point. The data measured at the 2t-th second is compared with the data measured at the t-th second and the data measured at the 3t-th second, respectively. By comparison, it is determined whether the data measured at the 2t-th second is reliable data. If the data measured at the 2t-th second is greater than the data measured at the t-th second and less than the data measured at the 3t-th second, it is determined to be reliable data obtained without being affected by the impact and breakage of the coal slag particles.

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