A method for detecting the inclined casting layer of a truncated cone dome

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for detecting a truncated cone dome slope casting layer, which belongs to the field of building construction. A ring-shaped SC structure is provided on the top of a nuclear island, a truncated cone dome is installed on the top of the SC structure, and a casting layer is provided on the outer slope of the dome. The three-dimensional coordinates of a measuring point obtained by real-time measurement of the dome slope casting layer are converted into the following formulas: the point closer to the measuring point among the two intersection points of a surface passing through the dome central axis and the measuring point and the top of the SC structure is used as the center origin; the two-dimensional coordinates (R, H) with the radial direction pointing to the center of the dome as the horizontal axis and the elevation of the inner top of the SC structure as the vertical axis; and the vertical distance P from the measuring point of the dome slope casting layer to the dome slope is obtained by the formula. The method provided by the present invention can intuitively and quickly judge whether the casting surface construction is qualified, thereby improving construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The patent of this invention belongs to the field of building construction technology, and specifically relates to a method for detecting the inclined casting layer of a truncated cone dome. Background Art

[0002] The dome structure is complex. During the construction process, it is impossible to accurately and quickly check the surface reinforcement, embedded parts installation, formwork support and concrete pouring thickness of the pouring layer of the dome's external slope. The conventional method is to calculate the elevation based on the slope and distance. However, due to the complex on-site construction conditions, there are deviations in the distance measured by the level, resulting in large errors in the elevation measurement. The surveying personnel on the construction site cooperate with tracking and adjustment, and the results cannot be determined quickly and accurately on site. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology and provide a method for detecting the inclined casting layer of a truncated cone dome, which can quickly and intuitively determine whether the construction of the inclined casting layer outside the dome is qualified.

[0004] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A method for detecting a truncated cone dome slope casting layer, wherein a ring-shaped SC structure is provided on the top of the nuclear island, a truncated cone dome is installed on the top of the SC structure, and a casting layer is provided on the outer slope of the dome. The method is characterized in that the three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z) of the measuring point obtained by real-time measurement of the dome slope casting layer are calculated by the formula

[0006]

[0007] Converted to: take the point closer to the measurement point among the two intersection points of the plane passing through the dome center axis and the measurement point and the top of the SC structure as the center origin (0,0); the radial direction pointing to the dome center as the horizontal axis and the elevation of the top of the SC structure as the vertical axis.

[0008] Where A is the radius of the dome bottom, B is the relative elevation of the top of the inner side of the SC structure from the ground, and (X0, Y0) is the horizontal coordinate of the dome center in the three-dimensional coordinate system;

[0009] Then through the formula

[0010]

[0011] P=S*sin△α

[0012] Get the vertical distance P from the measuring point of the dome slope casting layer to the dome slope,

[0013] Where S is the distance from the measuring point to the origin of the two-dimensional coordinate system, △α is the difference between the angle of the measuring point and the slope angle α of the dome slope, and the P value is compared with the expected thickness of the casting layer to determine whether the position of the casting layer or embedded parts meets the requirements.

[0014] As a preferred method, after the dome is hoisted and welded to the corbel embedded parts on the SC structure, several control points are established on the ring beam at the top of the dome, and several orientation points are set at the top of the SC structure. Instruments are set up on the control points to set and orient the measuring station with the orientation points set at the top of the SC structure, and the three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z) are measured in real time on the inclined surface of the dome.

[0015] Preferably, the orientation points set on the top of the SC structure include angle points and elevation points.

[0016] Preferably, the control points and orientation points on the top of the dome and the top of the SC structure are measured using known secondary measurement control network points. The points where the secondary measurement control points are visible to the top of the dome and the top of the SC structure are the reference points of the construction measurement control network after the dome is hoisted.

[0017] As a preference, the three-point forward intersection method is used to survey the benchmark points: select three known secondary measurement control points, set up instruments on the three secondary measurement control points to measure the angles of one control point on the top of the dome and one orientation point on the top of the SC structure, and then use the forward intersection formula to obtain the coordinates of the control point and orientation point. The forward intersection result of the benchmark point is the average of the two calculation results.

[0018] Forward intersection formula:

[0019]

[0020]

[0021] Where: X A 、Y A 、X B 、Y B are the coordinates of known points A and B, P is the unknown point to be measured, α is ∠PAB, and β is ∠PBA;

[0022] Preferably, four control points are provided, which are respectively arranged at positions of orthogonal axes on the compression ring beam at the top of the dome, namely at angles of 0°, 90°, 180° and 270°.

[0023] Preferably, six orientation points are set.

[0024] Preferably, the orientation points are arranged in equal arcs on the top of the SC structure.

[0025] As a preference, the benchmark point is used as the starting point to survey and locate other control points and orientation points on the dome. The method adopts corner network observation and the data is calculated by "least squares" adjustment method.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] 1. This method converts the three-dimensional coordinates of the pouring layer of the dome's external slope measured on-site by a total station into a vertical distance P that can intuitively reflect the vertical distance from the measuring point to the dome's slope, thereby directly judging whether the concrete pouring thickness is qualified, or whether the installation positions of embedded parts, formwork supports, and other workpieces are qualified, greatly improving work efficiency and enhancing the effectiveness and accuracy of measurement work.

[0028] 2. By using the three-point forward intersection method to measure the benchmark points on the top of the dome, a dome measurement control network is established, which realizes the flexibility of measurement work. There is no need to set up instruments in the center. Construction can be carried out in parallel with other processes without being affected by site conditions, which is conducive to optimizing the construction period. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional diagram of the dome structure;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-point forward intersection method;

[0031] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the (R, H) two-dimensional coordinate system;

[0032] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of measurement points in a two-dimensional coordinate system.

[0033] Figure numerals in the specification: 1. Top SC structure; 2. Corbel; 3. Dome; 4. Dome concrete structure; 5. Control point; 6. Orientation point. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] It should be noted that the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc. cited in the invention are only for the convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships should be regarded as the scope of implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0036] like Figure 1-4As shown, the top of a nuclear power plant's nuclear island is a truncated cone-shaped steel dome with an inclined surface. The SC structure 1 is a flexible, double-layer steel panel structure with an inner radius of 22.485m and an outer radius of 23.985m. The steel panels are 14mm thick. A steel bracket 2 is welded to the inner side of the SC, with the bracket surface elevation at 56.345m. The dome 3 is also truncated cone-shaped, with an angle of 34.956° between its slope and the horizontal. The vertical distance between the top and bottom of the dome is 12.386m, and the concrete 4 on the dome is 1100mm thick. A total station is set up at control point 5, located at an orthogonal axis on the ring beam at the top of the dome. Orientation points 6 on the SC structure are used for station setup, including elevation. Three-dimensional coordinates are directly measured on the dome's inclined surface. Inputting the values into a programming calculator directly displays the radius and elevation of the measured point.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] The measurement, positioning, and inspection work on the slope of a conical dome is a three-dimensional dynamic process. Conventional methods cannot quickly calculate the radius and elevation data of the measurement points based on the actual three-dimensional coordinates measured on site, and conversion is required. This example describes the measurement and positioning of embedded parts on the slope of a dome. The steps are as follows:

[0039] Step 1: After the dome is hoisted and the bottom of the dome is welded to the bracket on the SC structure, set four control points at the orthogonal axis position on the top compression ring beam, namely the control points at 0°, 90°, 180° and 270°, and mark them; similarly, set six orientation points or orientation angle points on the SC structure;

[0040] Step 2: Select two points that have a line of sight with the secondary survey control points as the survey reference control points on the dome. The reference control points are set using the three-point forward intersection method, see Figure 2 Instruments were set up at three secondary control points to measure the angles of the benchmark points. The coordinates of the benchmark points were calculated by taking the average of the intersection of every two known points. After the benchmark points were surveyed, the other control points and orientation points on the dome were surveyed using the benchmark points as the starting point. The method used was a corner grid observation, and the data was adjusted using the "least squares" method.

[0041] Forward intersection formula:

[0042]

[0043]

[0044] Where: X A 、Y A 、X B 、Y B are the coordinates of known points A and B, P is the unknown point to be measured, α is ∠PAB, and β is ∠PBA;

[0045] In this example, the secondary survey control points G1, G2, and G7 are selected as known points. Their coordinates are shown in the table:

[0046] dot number Coordinate X (m) Coordinate Y (m) G1 2951.1383 2873.4693 G2 3181.8658 2851.9955 G7 3118.1522 3084.5840

[0047] KZ01 and DX01 are reference points, and their forward intersection angles are recorded in the table:

[0048]

[0049] According to the forward intersection calculation formula, there are two calculation results for three known points, namely:

[0050]

[0051]

[0052]

[0053]

[0054]

[0055] The deviation between the two calculation results of point DX01 is small and meets the requirements. The final result is the average of the two, that is:

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] Similarly, the coordinates of point KZ01 are calculated as (3005.4840, 3000.0010).

[0059] After the benchmark points KZ01 and DX01 are surveyed and set, other control points and orientation points on the dome are measured using these two points as the starting points. The data can only be used on site after being adjusted using the least squares principle.

[0060] Step 3: Convert the (X, Y, Z) three-dimensional coordinate system of the conical dome slope to a (R, H) two-dimensional coordinate system. The horizontal coordinates of the center point of the nuclear island dome in the three-dimensional coordinate system are (3000, 3000). The (R, H) coordinate system is a two-dimensional coordinate system with the center origin (0, 0) at the junction of the inner top of the SC structure and the dome, the radial direction pointing to the dome center as the horizontal axis, and the elevation of the inner top of the SC structure as the vertical axis. The elevation of the inner top of the SC structure is the zero point of the vertical axis. It should be noted that the center origin is determined by taking the intersection of the plane passing through the dome center axis and the measurement point and the inner top of the SC structure, whichever is closer to the measurement point, as the center origin. In other words, the center origin of the (R, H) coordinate system changes with the measurement point. In this example, the inner radius of the dome bottom is 22.485m, and the elevation of the inner top of the SC structure is 56.345m. The calculation formula is:

[0061]

[0062] Step 4: Calculate the vertical distance P between the measuring point and the dome slope, see Figure 4 The on-site measurement point is displayed as a three-dimensional coordinate (X, Y, Z). Use the calculation formula in step 3 to convert the three-dimensional coordinate to a two-dimensional coordinate (R, H). Use a programmable function calculator to write a program and then calculate the vertical distance P, P = S * sin (J-34.956). If P meets the design requirements, for example, the vertical distance between the embedded installation surface and the dome slope is 1100mm, which is also the concrete thickness, that is, P = 1.1m, then the embedded installation and concrete thickness meet the requirements. In this example, the measurement and positioning calculation of the ladder embedded installation on the dome slope is selected:

[0063] First, set up a station according to the aforementioned control points, and measure the installation angle and installation position radius of the embedded parts on the upper layer of the steel bars according to the drawings; the measurement of the angle and radius, as well as the relationship between the measuring point and the center of the nuclear island, can be measured directly on the steel bars, and the center line of the embedded parts is laid out and marked on the steel bars; secondly, based on the results of the layout, weld vertical steel bars on the circumferential steel bars on site to facilitate the measurement of the installation elevation of the embedded parts; use a programmed calculator to calculate, and adjust up and down compared with the theoretical ones. After meeting the requirements, mark them, and install on site according to the marked lines and elevations.

[0064] According to the aforementioned embedded parts measurement and positioning, the data is checked after the embedded parts are installed. The actual coordinates of the control point station are (3015.5813, 2986.8268, 59.1405).

[0065]

[0066] H=59.1405-56.345=2.7955

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] P=S*sin(J-34.956)=3.4852*sin(53.3316-34.956)=1.0986, the calculated P-1.1 corresponding to the measuring point is -0.0014m, the deviation is less than 3mm, which meets the design requirements, and the embedded parts installation elevation meets the requirements.

[0070] The measured three-dimensional coordinates are directly input into the corresponding parameters in the programmable function calculator, and the calculator directly displays the result of the calculated distance P.

[0071] Note: The calculation method for S and J is to directly use the Pol function in the function calculator. The result of Pol(R,H) calculation directly displays the distance S and angle J.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] The conical dome has a large slope angle, a concrete thickness of 1100mm, and a first pouring height of 2.9m. The dome surface requires a template for concrete pouring. The template processing curvature matches the curvature of the dome surface. The template installation is based on the elevation point measured on the steel bar. However, after the module is supported, the elevation point is blocked, and it is impossible to intuitively reflect whether the template support meets the requirements. The template needs to be measured and inspected. The template inspection measurement also sets up the total station on the control point, and directly sets the measurement station based on the orientation point or angle and elevation on the SC structure. After the measurement station is set up, the template surface is measured in real time. A programmed calculator is used on site to calculate the measurement points. For each measured point, the measured three-dimensional coordinates are directly entered into the calculator program. The vertical distance P from the measurement point on the template surface to the dome slope is directly calculated and displayed. It can also be regarded as the relative elevation of the measurement point on the dome slope. Based on the calculated results, it is judged whether the template meets the requirements. The template inspection data within the range of 90° to 180° is listed. The thickness of the on-site construction template is 18mm. The distance between the parallel lines on the template is the concrete thickness of 1100 plus the template thickness of 18mm, that is, the theoretical P value is 1118mm. The data is shown in the table:

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] The data deviation values in the table are within the allowable range and the formwork support meets the requirements.

[0077] The method of the present invention is used for measurement, positioning and inspection work on the inclined surface of a conical dome, with high construction efficiency and guaranteed data quality.

[0078] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions based on the principles of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, various improvements and modifications that do not depart from the principles of the present invention should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting a cast layer on the inclined surface of a truncated cone dome, wherein an annular SC structure is provided on the top of the nuclear island, a truncated cone dome is installed on the top of the SC structure, and a cast layer is provided on the outer inclined surface of the dome, characterized in that: The three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z) of the measuring point obtained by real-time measurement of the dome slope casting layer are calculated by the formula Converted to: take the point closer to the measurement point among the two intersection points of the plane passing through the dome center axis and the measurement point and the top of the SC structure as the center origin (0,0); the radial direction pointing to the dome center as the horizontal axis and the elevation of the top of the SC structure as the vertical axis. Where A is the radius of the dome bottom, B is the relative elevation of the top of the inner side of the SC structure from the ground, and (X0, Y0) is the horizontal coordinate of the dome center in the three-dimensional coordinate system; Then through the formula P=S*sin△α Get the vertical distance P from the measuring point of the dome slope casting layer to the dome slope, Where S is the distance from the measuring point to the origin of the two-dimensional coordinate system, △α is the difference between the angle of the measuring point and the slope angle α of the dome slope, and the P value is compared with the expected thickness of the casting layer to determine whether the position of the casting layer or embedded parts meets the requirements.

2. A method for detecting a truncated cone dome slope casting layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the dome is hoisted and welded to the bracket embedded parts on the SC structure, several control points are established on the ring beam at the top of the dome. At the same time, several orientation points are set on the top of the SC structure. Instruments are set up on the control points to set and orient the measuring station based on the orientation points set at the top of the SC structure, and the three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z) are measured in real time on the dome slope.

3. The method for detecting the slope casting layer of a truncated cone dome according to claim 2, characterized in that: The orientation points set on the top of the SC structure include angle points and elevation points.

4. A method for detecting a truncated cone dome slope casting layer according to claim 3, characterized in that: Use the known secondary survey control network points to survey the control points and orientation points on the top of the dome and the top of the SC structure. The points where the secondary survey control points are visible to the top of the dome and the top of the SC structure are the benchmark points of the construction survey control network after the dome is hoisted.

5. The method for detecting the slope casting layer of a truncated cone dome according to claim 4, characterized in that: The benchmark points are measured and set using the three-point forward intersection method: select three known secondary measurement control points, set up instruments on the three secondary measurement control points, and measure the angles of one control point on the top of the dome and one orientation point on the top of the SC structure. Then use the forward intersection formula to get the coordinates of the control point and orientation point. The forward intersection result of the benchmark point is the average of the two calculated results. Forward intersection formula: Where: X A 、Y A 、X B 、Y B are the coordinates of known points A and B, P is the unknown point to be measured, α is ∠PAB, and β is ∠PBA; 6. A method for detecting a truncated cone dome slope casting layer according to claim 5, characterized in that: There are four control points, which are respectively set at the orthogonal axis positions on the compression ring beam at the top of the dome, namely at angles of 0°, 90°, 180° and 270°.

7. A method for detecting a truncated cone dome slope casting layer according to claim 6, characterized in that: There are 6 orientation points.

8. The method for detecting the slope casting layer of a truncated cone dome according to claim 6, characterized in that: The orientation points are arranged in equal arcs on the top of the SC structure.

9. The method for detecting the slope casting layer of a truncated cone dome according to claim 7, characterized in that: The other control points and orientation points on the dome are measured and set with the benchmark point as the starting point. The method adopts the corner network observation and the data is calculated by the "least squares" method.

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