A bolt tightening state judgment method and bolt tightening operation end and tightening system

Abstract

The present application relates to a method for determining the state of bolt tightening, a bolt tightening operation end, and a tightening system, which include: obtaining first data and second data sent by an operation end; determining a tightening point of the operation end based on a model of the bolt tightening area and the first data and the second data; and setting the bolt tightening state of the tightening point to tightened. In the present invention, the operation end can send the collected first data and second data when tightening the bolt. The computer determines the tightening point of the operation end based on the first data and the second data, and can determine the tightening state of the bolt. This allows the staff to intuitively understand whether there is any missed tightening based on the bolt tightening state on the computer, and does not need to tighten according to the prescribed tightening order. This gives the workers sufficient working freedom and ensures that no missed tightening occurs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of steel beam construction, and in particular to a method for determining the state of bolt tightening, a bolt tightening operation end, and a tightening system. Background Art

[0002] At present, the main connection methods of steel structures are welding and bolt connection. High-strength bolt-connected steel structures have the characteristics of fatigue resistance, good seismic performance, easy production, installation, maintenance, and short construction period, and are widely used in the construction industry.

[0003] The main process flow of high-strength bolt installation includes seven steps: work preparation, bolt selection, joint assembly, installation of temporary bolts, installation of high-strength bolts, tightening of high-strength bolts, and inspection and acceptance.

[0004] In the prior art, there are a large number of high-strength bolts, and problems such as missing or under-tightening are easily caused when traditional high-strength bolts are tightened. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a method for determining the state of a bolt tightening, a bolt tightening operation end, and a tightening system to solve the problem of leaking when tightening high-strength bolts in the related art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: In the first aspect, a method for determining the bolt tightening status is provided, which includes: obtaining first data and second data sent by an operating end; determining a tightening point of the operating end based on a model of the bolt tightening area and the first data and the second data; and setting the bolt tightening status of the tightening point to tightened.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first data is the distance from the working end to an indicator plate on one side of the working end, and the second data is the color and / or shape of the area of the indicator plate facing the working end.

[0008] In some embodiments, the method of determining the tightening point at the operating end based on the model of the bolt tightening area and the first data and the second data includes: determining the column coordinates of the tightening point in the model based on the distance; and determining the row coordinates of the tightening point based on the color and / or shape fed back by the second data and the relationship between the color and / or shape and the row coordinates.

[0009] In some embodiments, after setting the bolt tightening status of the tightening point to tightened, the method further includes: judging the bolt tightening status according to the number of tightening times of the tightening point, wherein the bolt tightening status includes tightened and final tightening.

[0010] In a second aspect, a bolt tightening working end is provided, which is used to tighten bolts. The working end includes a detection device, which is used to detect the distance from the working end to an indicator plate on one side of the tightening area and the color and / or shape of the area of the indicator plate facing the working end; at the same time, the working end is also used to send out first data representing the distance and second data representing the color and / or shape.

[0011] According to a third aspect, a bolt tightening system is provided, which includes: an object to be tightened, an operating end and a computer, wherein the object to be tightened includes a bolt tightening area, a plurality of bolt tightening points are provided on the bolt tightening area, and an indicator plate is provided on one side of the bolt tightening area; the operating end is used to tighten bolts, and the operating end has a detection device, and the detection device is used to detect the distance from the operating end to the indicator plate and the color and / or shape of the area of the indicator plate facing the operating end; at the same time, the operating end is also used to send out first data indicating the distance and second data indicating the color and / or shape; the computer is used to obtain the first data and the second data, determine the tightening point of the operating end according to the model of the bolt tightening area and the first data and the second data, and set the bolt tightening status of the tightening point to tightened.

[0012] In some embodiments, the detection device is disposed on the side of the working end and includes a laser rangefinder and an imaging device.

[0013] In some embodiments, the indicator plate is vertically arranged on one side of the bolt tightening area, and a plurality of indicator areas are spaced apart on the indicator plate, and the plurality of indicator areas have different colors and / or shapes.

[0014] In some embodiments, the indicator plate is vertically arranged on one side of the bolt tightening area, and the color of the indicator plate is gradient.

[0015] In some embodiments, the system includes a plurality of objects to be screwed, each of the objects to be screwed has an indicator board corresponding to a different color, and the colors of the indicator boards are all gradient; the computer is also used to determine the position of the object to be screwed in the building based on the color.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this application include:

[0017] The embodiment of the present application provides a method for judging the tightening status of a bolt, a bolt tightening operation end, and a tightening system. The operation end can send the collected first data and second data when tightening the bolt. The computer determines the tightening point of the operation end through the first data and the second data, and can judge the tightening status of the bolt. The staff can intuitively understand whether there is any missing tightening based on the bolt tightening status on the computer, and there is no need to tighten according to the prescribed tightening sequence. It gives workers enough work freedom and ensures that there is no missing tightening. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for determining a bolt tightening status provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 A block diagram of a bolt tightening system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the overall structure provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] In the figure: 1. operating end; 2. laser rangefinder; 3. imaging device; 4. indicator board; 41. indicator area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] See also Figures 1 to 4 The embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining the state of a bolt tightening, a bolt tightening operation end, and a tightening system, which can solve the problem of leaking when tightening high-strength bolts in related technologies.

[0026] In a first aspect, a method for determining a bolt tightening state is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0027] The first data and the second data sent by the operation terminal 1 are obtained. The model is constructed in advance. The model is a building information model, i.e., a Building Information Modeling (BIM) model. The model includes steel beam structure data, assembly positions of construction sites, and installation positions and quantities of bolts. The model also includes multiple bolt tightening areas. The computer can be placed at the construction site to display the bolt positions in all bolt tightening areas on the steel beam structure. In order to facilitate the distinction between different bolts, each bolt installation position is coded. The operation terminal 1 tightens the bolt. After the tightening is completed, the operation terminal 1 sends the collected first data and second data to the computer. That is, after the bolt is tightened once, a first data and a second data will be generated. If the bolt has not been tightened, no first data and second data will be generated.

[0028] The tightening point of the operating end 1 is determined according to the model of the bolt tightening area and the first data and the second data. The computer uses the first data and the second data and judges the model of the bolt tightening area to determine the point at which the operating end 1 tightens the bolt.

[0029] The tightening status of the bolt at the tightening point is set to tightened, and the computer sets a first mark to display the tightened bolt. For example, the first mark can be a black dot. After the bolt is tightened, the computer displays a black dot at the tightening point of the bolt on the model. The computer sets a second mark to display the second tightening of the bolt. The second mark can be a green dot. If there are three tightenings, the third tightening will continue to use different colors as marks, and the rest of the cases can be deduced in this way.

[0030] In some embodiments, an indicator plate 4 is provided on one side of the bolt tightening area. The indicator plate 4 may be a cardboard or an iron plate. The cardboard may be fixed to the side of the bolt tightening area by gluing. When the indicator plate 4 is an iron plate, the iron plate may be fixed to the side of the bolt tightening area by spot welding, so that the iron plate can be removed conveniently after the bolt is tightened. Preferably, in order to avoid the influence of wind on the indicator plate 4 and to avoid the indicator plate 4 shaking after being provided on the side of the bolt tightening area, the indicator plate 4 is an iron plate, and indicator areas 41 of different colors or shapes are provided on the iron plate. A detection device is provided on the operating end 1, and the detection device is used to detect The distance from the working end 1 to the indicator plate 4 and the color and / or shape of the area of the indicator plate 4 facing the working end 1. The first data is the distance from the working end 1 to the indicator plate 4 on one side of the working end 1, and the second data is the color and / or shape of the area of the indicator plate 4 facing the working end 1. The tightening point is composed of column coordinates and row coordinates. The column coordinates of the tightening point in the model are determined according to the distance, and the row coordinates of the tightening point are determined according to the color and / or shape fed back by the second data, and the relationship between the color and / or shape and the row coordinates. For example, if the color fed back by the second data is yellow, and yellow is in the fifth row, then the row coordinate value of the tightening point is 5.

[0031] In some embodiments, after the bolt tightening status of the tightening point is set to tightened, it also includes: judging the bolt tightening status according to the number of tightening times at the tightening point, the bolt tightening status includes tightened and final tightening, for some bolts, such as high-strength bolts, sometimes only two tightenings may be required, then the bolt tightening status after the first tightening is tightened, and the second tightening is final tightening, for other bolts, more tightenings are not ruled out, such as three tightenings, then the bolt tightening status after the first tightening is tightened, the second tightening is re-tightening, and the third tightening is final tightening, and the rest of the cases can be deduced accordingly.

[0032] The operation end 1 is an electric wrench. The torque value of the first tightening is 50% of the final tightening value. The first tightening is the initial tightening. After the initial tightening, each bolt is checked by tapping. Different electric wrenches can be used for the initial tightening and the final tightening. The electric wrench and the computer can be electrically connected through a cable. The final torque after the operation end 1 tightens the bolt is automatically uploaded to the computer and displayed at the tightening bolt point of the model. The tightening strength of each bolt can be visually checked through the computer, and the bolts with insufficient strength can be strengthened in time.

[0033] In order to ensure that no tightening is missed, a first mark is drawn on the bolt after the first tightening. If there is no first mark, it needs to be tightened again and marked; a second mark is drawn on the bolt after re-tightening. If there is no second mark, it needs to be tightened again and marked; a third mark is drawn on the bolt after the final tightening. If there is no third mark, it needs to be tightened again and marked. After the tightening is qualified, a fourth mark is drawn on the bolt. The positions of the first mark, second mark, third mark and fourth mark are different, and the shapes and / or colors are also different.

[0034] Secondly, a bolt tightening operation end is provided, wherein the operation end 1 is used for tightening bolts, and the operation end 1 includes a detection device, which is used to detect the distance from the operation end 1 to the indicator plate 4 on one side of the tightening area and the color and / or shape of the area of the indicator plate 4 facing the operation end 1; at the same time, the operation end 1 is also used to send out first data indicating the distance and second data indicating the color and / or shape.

[0035] The working end 1 is an electric wrench, and a detection device is installed on one side of the electric wrench. When the electric wrench is tightening the bolt, the detection device detects the distance from the working end 1 to the indicator plate 4 on the side of the tightening area and the color and / or shape of the area of the indicator plate 4 facing the working end 1, and determines the column coordinates and row coordinates of the tightening point in the model.

[0036] On the third aspect, a bolt tightening system is provided, which includes: an object to be tightened, an operating end 1 and a computer, the object to be tightened includes a bolt tightening area, a plurality of bolt tightening points are provided on the bolt tightening area, and an indicator plate 4 is provided on one side of the bolt tightening area; the operating end 1 is used to tighten bolts, and the operating end 1 has a detection device, which is used to detect the distance from the operating end 1 to the indicator plate 4 and the color and / or shape of the area where the indicator plate 4 faces the operating end 1; at the same time, the operating end 1 is also used to send out first data indicating the distance and second data indicating the color and / or shape; the computer is used to obtain the first data and the second data, determine the tightening point of the operating end 1 according to the model of the bolt tightening area and the first data and the second data, and set the bolt tightening status of the tightening point to tightened.

[0037] The bolt tightening system can also determine the tightening status of the bolt. When the operating end 1 tightens the bolt, it can send the collected first data and second data. The computer determines the tightening point of the operating end 1 through the first data and the second data, and can determine the tightening status of the bolt. The staff can intuitively understand whether there is any missing tightening based on the bolt tightening status on the computer. There is no need to tighten according to the prescribed tightening order, which gives workers enough work freedom and ensures that there is no missing tightening.

[0038] The detection device is arranged on the side of the working end 1, and the detection device includes a laser rangefinder 2 and an imaging device 3. The laser rangefinder 2 detects the distance from the working end 1 to the indicator plate 4 on the side of the tightening area, and the imaging device 3 detects the color and / or shape of the area where the indicator plate 4 faces the working end 1.

[0039] The indicator plate 4 is vertically arranged on one side of the bolt tightening area. In some embodiments, the indicator plate 4 is coated with indicator areas 41 of different colors and / or shapes. The distribution positions of the indicator areas 41 are the same as the distribution positions of the bolts, that is, one indicator area 41 corresponds to a row of bolts.

[0040] In other embodiments, the indicator plate 4 is vertically arranged on one side of the bolt tightening area, the color of the indicator plate 4 is gradient, and continuous and uninterrupted color markings are provided on the indicator plate 4. The color markings are gradient, for example, the color markings are red gradient blocks, and the imaging device 3 can be a grayscale sensor. When the working end 1 tightens bolts in different rows, the colors detected by the grayscale sensor are different.

[0041] In some embodiments, the system includes multiple objects to be tightened, and the indicator board 4 corresponding to each object to be tightened has a different color, and the color of each indicator board 4 is gradient; the computer is also used to determine the position of the object to be tightened in the building based on the color. An indicator board 4 is set at each bolt installation position, and different indicator boards 4 have different colors. The imaging device 3 detects the color at the location and sends the collected first data to the computer. The computer can then determine the position of the object to be tightened in the building based on the color.

[0042] In summary, this application is based on the BIM model. By encoding the bolts to be tightened on a computer and visualizing them into an image of the bolt arrangement and distribution, the application uses simple products such as cardboard or iron plates, combined with an electric wrench as the working end 1. When tightening the bolts, the computer can calculate the tightening position and display it in the computer image with color change, eliminating the workload of manually marking each bolt tightening. The time required to tighten the bolts on a single plate can be saved by about 30 minutes. Looking at the entire project, which requires tightening approximately 400,000 bolts, the labor cost can be saved by about 330,000 yuan, and it is more time-saving and labor-saving for workers. Even if a worker misses a bolt, he only needs to check whether the color of the image on the computer is consistent, without having to go to the site to visually check each bolt one by one. Moreover, after discovering a missed bolt, he only needs to take a screenshot of the image and send it to the worker via WeChat or other communication methods. The worker can compare the location of the inconsistent color on the screenshot to intuitively understand which bolt is missed, which also saves the worker the workload of searching according to coordinates, greatly improving the efficiency of the entire bolt tightening process and significantly reducing the probability of error, achieving great progress.

[0043] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "lower" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] It should be noted that, in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.

[0045] The foregoing is merely a list of specific embodiments of the present application, intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is intended to conform to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for determining a bolt tightening state, characterized in that: It includes: Acquire first data and second data sent by the operation end (1); Determining a tightening point of an operating end (1) based on a model of a bolt tightening area and the first data and the second data; Set the bolt tightening status of the tightening point to tightened; The first data is the distance from the working end (1) to the indicator plate (4) on one side of the working end (1), and the second data is the color and / or shape of the area of the indicator plate (4) facing the working end (1); The method of determining the tightening point of the operating end (1) based on the model of the bolt tightening area and the first data and the second data comprises: Determine the column coordinates of the tightening point in the model according to the distance; The row coordinates of the tightening point are determined based on the color and / or shape of the second data feedback and the relationship between the color and / or shape and the row coordinates.

2. The method for determining the bolt tightening state according to claim 1, wherein: After the bolt tightening state of the tightening point is set to tightened, the method further includes: The bolt tightening status is determined according to the number of tightening times at the tightening point, and the bolt tightening status includes tightened and final tightening.

3. A bolt tightening operation end, the operation end (1) is used for tightening bolts, characterized in that: The working end (1) includes a detection device, which is used to detect the distance between the working end (1) and the indicator plate (4) on one side of the tightening area and the color and / or shape of the area of the indicator plate (4) facing the working end (1); at the same time, the working end (1) is also used to send out first data representing the distance and second data representing the color and / or shape; The first data is the distance from the working end (1) to the indicator plate (4) on one side of the working end (1), and the second data is the color and / or shape of the area of the indicator plate (4) facing the working end (1); Determining a tightening point of an operating end (1) according to a model of a bolt tightening area and the first data and the second data includes: Determine the column coordinates of the tightening point in the model according to the distance; The row coordinates of the tightening point are determined based on the color and / or shape of the second data feedback and the relationship between the color and / or shape and the row coordinates.

4. A bolt tightening system, characterized in that: It includes: An object to be tightened, comprising a bolt tightening area, a plurality of bolt tightening points being provided on the bolt tightening area, and an indicator plate (4) being provided on one side of the bolt tightening area; An operating end (1), the operating end (1) is used for tightening a bolt, the tightening end having a detection device, the detection device being used to detect the distance between the operating end (1) and the indicator plate (4) and the color and / or shape of the area of the indicator plate (4) facing the operating end (1); and the operating end (1) is also used to send out first data representing the distance and second data representing the color and / or shape; A computer is used to obtain the first data and the second data, determine a tightening point of an operation end (1) according to a model of a bolt tightening area and the first data and the second data, and set the bolt tightening state of the tightening point to tightened; The first data is the distance from the working end (1) to the indicator plate (4) on one side of the working end (1), and the second data is the color and / or shape of the area of the indicator plate (4) facing the working end (1); The method of determining the tightening point of the operating end (1) based on the model of the bolt tightening area and the first data and the second data comprises: Determine the column coordinates of the tightening point in the model according to the distance; The row coordinates of the tightening point are determined based on the color and / or shape of the second data feedback and the relationship between the color and / or shape and the row coordinates.

5. The bolt tightening system according to claim 4, wherein: The detection device is arranged on the side of the operating end (1) and comprises a laser rangefinder (2) and an imaging device (3).

6. The bolt tightening system according to claim 4, wherein: The indicator plate (4) is vertically arranged on one side of the bolt tightening area, and a plurality of indicator areas (41) are arranged at intervals on the indicator plate (4). The plurality of indicator areas (41) have different colors and / or shapes.

7. The bolt tightening system according to claim 4, wherein: The indicator plate (4) is vertically arranged on one side of the bolt tightening area, and the color of the indicator plate (4) is gradient.

8. The bolt tightening system according to claim 4, wherein: The system comprises a plurality of objects to be screwed, the indicator plate (4) corresponding to each of the objects to be screwed has a different color, and the color of each of the indicator plates (4) is gradient; The computer is further configured to determine the position of the object to be screwed in the building according to the color.

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