Antenna

Abstract

The present invention provides an antenna, which comprises a substrate, a first radiation structure, a second radiation structure and a control component. An inner conductor pad and an outer conductor pad are provided on the substrate; the first radiation structure is connected to the inner conductor pad; the second radiation structure is connected to the outer conductor pad; the control component is disposed on the substrate and is respectively connected to the first radiation structure and the second radiation structure in a controlled manner, so as to change the radiation beam tilt angle and / or the radiation beam width by controlling the on / off connection of the first radiation structure and the second radiation structure. The antenna of the present invention can achieve adjustable multiple beams, and solves the problem that the antennas in the prior art cannot be compatible with multiple scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of antennas, and in particular, to an antenna. Background Art

[0002] Existing antennas are divided into different types according to their functions and roles, such as omnidirectional antennas, directional antennas, array antennas, etc. Omnidirectional antennas are common forms of antennas for indoor wireless terminal communication products and can achieve omnidirectional signal coverage in the horizontal plane. However, the radiation pattern of the omnidirectional antennas currently used on communication products is in a fixed form, and their antenna beam inclination angle and beam width cannot be adjusted. Therefore, their application scenarios are limited and they cannot take into account complex indoor communication environments. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main object of the present invention is to provide an antenna to solve the problem of the small application range of the antennas in the prior art. To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, an antenna is provided, including: a substrate, on which an inner conductor pad and an outer conductor pad are provided; a first radiation structure connected to the inner conductor pad; a second radiation structure connected to the outer conductor pad; a control component disposed on the substrate and respectively connected to the first radiation structure and the second radiation structure in a controlled manner to change the radiation beam inclination angle and / or the radiation beam width by controlling the on / off connection of the first radiation structure and the second radiation structure.

[0004] Further, the control component includes a first director and a control switch. Among them, the first director includes a first part and a second part. The first part is used to connect to the outer conductor pad, and the second part is used to connect to the inner conductor pad. The control switch is disposed between the first part and the second part to change the beam inclination angle of the antenna by controlling the on / off of the first part and the second part.

[0005] Further, a first via hole and a second via hole are provided on the substrate. The first radiation structure and the second radiation structure are spaced apart and disposed on the same side of the substrate. The antenna further includes: a conductive connection structure disposed on the substrate on the side opposite to the first radiation structure. Among them, one end of the conductive connection structure passes through the first via hole and is connected to the first part, and the other end of the conductive connection structure passes through the second via hole and is connected to the outer conductor pad.

[0006] Further, the control component further includes: a second director disposed on the substrate on the side of the second radiation structure away from the first radiation structure and not connected to the second radiation structure.

[0007] Further, the second director is movably disposed relative to the second radiation structure and / or the size of the second director is adjustable.

[0008] Further, the control component further includes: a chip component, which is arranged between the first director and the first radiation structure, so that the first director is connected to the first radiation structure through the chip component.

[0009] Further, the control component includes at least one of a PIN diode, a MEMS switch, and a varactor diode.

[0010] Further, the antenna is a dual-band multi-element dipole array antenna.

[0011] Further, a coaxial feeding point is provided in the middle of the substrate, and the first radiation structure and the second radiation structure are symmetrically distributed relative to the coaxial feeding point. Among them, the first radiation structure and / or the second radiation structure is connected to the coaxial feeding point through a parallel two-wire transmission line.

[0012] Further, one of the first radiation structure and the second radiation structure is a 2.4G radiation branch, and the other of the first radiation structure and the second radiation structure is a 5G radiation branch. The first radiation structure and the second radiation structure are connected through a parallel two-wire transmission line. Among them, the control component further includes: a control switch, which is arranged on the parallel two-wire transmission line to switch the beam width by controlling the connection and disconnection of the first radiation structure and the second radiation structure.

[0013] The antenna applying the technical solution of the present invention includes a substrate, a first radiation structure, a second radiation structure, and a control component. The substrate is provided with an inner conductor pad and an outer conductor pad; the first radiation structure is connected to the outer conductor pad; the second radiation structure is connected to the inner conductor pad; the control component is arranged between the first radiation structure and the second radiation structure to control the connection and disconnection of the first radiation structure and the second radiation structure. The control component is directly connected to the first radiation structure and the second radiation structure respectively, without separately arranging a control circuit. By controlling the connection and disconnection states of the first radiation structure and the second radiation structure through this control circuit, the function of being able to change the beam tilt angle and the beam width is realized, greatly increasing the application range of the antenna. Description of the Drawings

[0014] The specification drawings forming a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0015] Figure 1 Shows a front structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the antenna according to the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 Shows a back structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the antenna according to the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3Shows a partial structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the antenna of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 Shows a schematic diagram of the beam effect when the control component is turned on and off in Embodiment 1 of the antenna of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 Shows the beam pattern at Theta = 90 degrees when the control component is turned on and off in Embodiment 1 of the antenna of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 Shows the beam pattern at Theta = 60 degrees when the control component is turned on and off in Embodiment 1 of the antenna of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 7 Shows a front structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the antenna according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 8 Shows a reverse structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the antenna according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 9 Shows Figure 7 A partial structural schematic diagram at position A;

[0024] Figure 10 Shows Figure 8 A partial structural schematic diagram at position B;

[0025] Figure 11 Shows the horizontal plane pattern of Embodiment 2 of the antenna according to the present invention in the 2G WIFI communication band;

[0026] Figure 12 Shows the horizontal plane pattern of Embodiment 2 of the antenna according to the present invention in the 5G WIFI communication band;

[0027] Figure 13 Shows the elevation plane pattern of Embodiment 2 of the antenna according to the present invention in the 2G WIFI communication band;

[0028] Figure 14 Shows the elevation plane pattern of Embodiment 2 of the antenna according to the present invention in the 5G WIFI communication band.

[0029] Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0030] 10. Substrate; 11. Inner conductor pad; 12. Outer conductor pad; 13. Coaxial feeding point; 14. First via hole; 15. Second via hole; 21. First radiation structure; 22. Second radiation structure; 31. First director; 311. First part; 312. Second part; 32. Control switch; 33. Second director; 34. Chip component; 40. Conductive connection structure; 50. Parallel two-wire transmission line. Detailed implementation mode

[0031] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0032] In order to solve the problem of the small application range of antennas in the prior art, the present invention provides an antenna.

[0033] Embodiment 1

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 , the antenna of the present invention includes a substrate 10, a first radiation structure 21, a second radiation structure 22 and a control component. An inner conductor pad 11 and an outer conductor pad 12 are provided on the substrate 10; the first radiation structure 21 is connected to the inner conductor pad 11; the second radiation structure 22 is connected to the outer conductor pad 12; the control component is arranged on the substrate 10 and is respectively and controllably connected to the first radiation structure 21 and the second radiation structure 22, so as to change the radiation beam inclination angle and the radiation beam width by controlling the on / off connection of the first radiation structure 21 and the second radiation structure 22. The control component is directly connected to the first radiation structure 21 and the second radiation structure 22 respectively, and there is no need to separately set a control circuit. By controlling the connection and disconnection states of the first radiation structure 21 and the second radiation structure 22 through this control circuit, the function of being able to change the beam inclination angle is realized, and the application range of the antenna is greatly increased.

[0035] Specifically, the above antenna of the present invention adopts an omnidirectional intelligent antenna. Through the control component, the antenna pattern beam horizontal / upward tilt radiation switching can be realized, and the antenna can still realize omnidirectional radiation in the azimuth plane. It is applicable to home wireless terminal communication products and can work in the frequency band of 2-7 GHz, and the elevation plane beam inclination angle is adjustable.

[0036] The control component includes a first director 31 and a control switch 32. The first director 31 is used to control the propagation direction and enhance the signal, such as Figures 1 to 3As shown, the first director 31 includes a first part 311 and a second part 312 which are distributed vertically. The first part 311 is used to connect with the outer conductor pad 12, and the second part 312 is used to connect with the inner conductor pad 11. The control switch 32 is arranged between the first part 311 and the second part 312 to change the beam tilt angle of the antenna by controlling the on-off of the first part 311 and the second part 312. Among them, both the first part 311 and the second part 312 are a groove structure, and the first part 311 and the second part 312 are symmetrically distributed to form a rectangular frame structure. The control switch 32 includes two diodes, which are respectively arranged on two side edges of the rectangular frame.

[0037] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown in, on the substrate 10, there are a first via hole 14 and a second via hole 15. Both the first via hole 14 and the second via hole 15 are located on the center line of the substrate 10. The first radiation structure 21 and the second radiation structure 22 are arranged at intervals on the same side of the substrate 10. Among them, the first radiation structure 21 is an upper radiation arm, the second radiation structure 22 is a lower radiation arm, the first radiation structure 21 is a plate structure, and the second radiation structure 22 is a groove frame structure. The antenna further includes a conductive connection structure 40. The conductive connection structure 40 uses a wire. The conductive connection structure 40 is arranged on the substrate 10 on the side opposite to the first radiation structure 21, that is, if the side of the substrate 10 with the first radiation structure 21 is the front side, the conductive connection structure 40 is located on its back side. Among them, one end of the conductive connection structure 40 passes through the first via hole 14 to connect with the first part 311, and the other end of the conductive connection structure 40 passes through the second via hole 15 to connect with the outer conductor pad 12. The conductive connection structure 40 includes a first conductor structure arranged in the first via hole 14 and a second conductor structure arranged in the second via hole 15.

[0038] The control component further includes a second director 33. The second director 33 is arranged on the substrate 10 on the side of the second radiation structure 22 away from the first radiation structure 21 and is not connected to the second radiation structure 22.

[0039] The second director 33 includes two parts, both of which are strip-shaped and are symmetrically arranged on the substrate 10. Among them, the second director 33 is movably arranged relative to the second radiation structure 22 to change the distance between the second director 33 and the second radiation structure 22, or the size of the second director 33 is adjustable. For example, the length of the second director 33 in Figure 1 can be adjusted along the vertical direction.

[0040] The control component further includes a surface-mounted component 34, which is arranged between the first director 31 and the first radiation structure 21, so that the first director 31 is connected to the first radiation structure 21 through the surface-mounted component 34. The control component includes at least one of a PIN diode, a MEMS switch, and a varactor diode.

[0041] The antenna of the present invention mainly includes three parts: a radiation part, a control part, and a connection part. A switching device is loaded in the control component. The switching device can be a PIN diode, a varactor diode, or a MEMS switch. By changing the on-off state of the switch, the control component is in different working states, thereby achieving the purpose of changing the antenna pattern beam. According to different switching devices, the antenna can achieve different numbers of beam switches. The PIN diode and the MEMS switch can achieve 2 kinds of pattern switches, and the varactor diode can achieve multiple pattern switches. According to different sizes of the control component, multiple angle inclinations can be adjusted.

[0042] The antenna structure is as Figure 1 shown. FR4 is used as the dielectric substrate 10, and other plates can also be used. The antenna is printed on the front and back of the PCB board. The feeding point is in the middle part of the PCB board, and coaxial cable feeding is used. The first radiation structure 21 and the second radiation structure 22 form a dipole antenna, which are respectively connected to the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable. The upper radiation arm is connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial cable, and the lower radiation arm is connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial cable. As Figure 1 shown, the control component is the directors on the upper and lower sides of the radiation part. The upper director is welded with a control switch 32 and a surface-mounted component 34. The surface-mounted component 34 is connected to the end of the first director 31. The overall structure is similar to a U shape. The first via 14 is a metallized via for connecting to the conductive connection structure 40. The conductive connection structure 40 is a connection line on the back of the PCB board, including a surface-mounted component 34 and a metallized via for connecting to the outer conductor pad 12 of the coaxial cable on the front.

[0043] The control component is used to change the antenna beam tilt angle. Changing the length of the second director 33 on the lower side and the distance from the radiation part can change the antenna beam tilt angle. The first radiation structure 21 and the second radiation structure 22 together constitute the radiation part of the present invention. The form of the director is not limited to a rectangle, and can also be U-shaped, V-shaped, etc. A switching device can also be added to the lower side director similar to the upper side director to achieve multiple adjustable states of beam up-tilt, horizontal, and down-tilt. The length of the upper side director and the position where the switching device is located can also be moved up and down. The selection of the switching device determines the number of variable beam patterns. Using PIN diodes and MEMS switches can achieve 2 types of pattern switching, and varactor diodes can achieve multiple pattern switching. The upper and lower side directors jointly control the antenna beam tilt angle to achieve adjustable beam tilt angle. The conductive connection structure 40 is used to connect the control component and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable to form a DC loop. A chip resistor can be placed anywhere in this DC loop for current limiting to protect the switch. On the premise of ensuring DC conduction, the conductive connection structure 40 can use a large inductor or resistor to isolate AC signals, or can also use a bent trace form to save costs. By reasonably setting the size, form of the director and the type of control switch 32, and connecting the inner and outer conductors of the coaxial cable and the control switch 32 to form a loop, realizing variable antenna elevation plane beam tilt angle should all be extensions of the present invention.

[0044] The functions of each part of the antenna are as follows:

[0045] Radiation part: Radiates the high-frequency AC signal transmitted by the coaxial cable into free space, and the radiation pattern is horizontally omnidirectional.

[0046] Control component: Changes the antenna radiation pattern through the control switch 32 on the upper side director and the lower side director. The chip component 34 is used to connect the radiation part and the director, and at the same time isolate the RF signal. The control switch 32 is used to control the working state of the upper side director. When the switch is off, the upper side director has no effect, and the antenna radiates horizontally omnidirectionally; when the switch is on, the upper side director guides the antenna to radiate upward, and the antenna radiates upward omnidirectionally. The lower side director is used to ensure that the antenna beam is horizontally radiated when the control switch 32 is off.

[0047] Conductive connection structure 40: Connects the control component and the pad 12 of the outer conductor of the coaxial cable, so that the inner conductor of the coaxial cable, the upper radiation arm, the upper director, the conductive connection structure 40 and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable are sequentially connected to form a DC loop, and the switch can work normally. The conductive connection structure 40 is welded with a current limiting resistor to control the current on the DC loop and prevent the control switch 32 from being damaged. The chip inductor is used to isolate the RF signal and ensure the connection of the DC signal at the same time. The metallized via is used to connect the pad 12 of the outer conductor of the coaxial cable.

[0048] Implementation principle: The DC control signal is directly transmitted to the antenna through the inner conductor of the coaxial cable without the need for additional control wires. The structure is simple and the cost is low. When the voltage between the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable is 0, the control switch 32 is disconnected, and at this time, the control component has no effect and the antenna radiates horizontally omnidirectionally; but when there is a DC bias voltage between the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable, the switch conducts, and at this time, the control component guides the electromagnetic wave upward, and the antenna radiates upward omnidirectionally. By inputting a DC control voltage through the inner conductor of the coaxial cable, the change of the antenna beam tilt angle can be realized.

[0049] As Figures 4 to 6 shown, when the control switch 32 is disconnected, the antenna beam radiates horizontally; when the control switch 32 is conducting, the antenna radiates upward, and the upward tilt angle is about 30 degrees. From Figure 5 and Figure 6 it can be seen that the antenna is omnidirectional radiation in both states. When Theta is 90 degrees corresponding to the horizontal plane and the switch is in the off state, the antenna gain is higher, corresponding to the horizontal radiation state at this time; when Theta is 60 degrees corresponding to the horizontal plane and the switch is in the on state, the antenna gain is higher. At this time, it corresponds to the upward tilt radiation state.

[0050] In summary, the antenna can realize the change of the beam tilt angle, change the antenna performance according to different usage scenarios to obtain the best communication effect, and make the antenna have better scenario compatibility.

[0051] The radiation pattern of the above antenna of the present invention is variable, the change of the beam tilt angle can be realized, and the omnidirectional radiation performance is good, and omnidirectional radiation in the azimuth plane can be realized in different states.

[0052] The antenna control of the present invention is simple. Without affecting the antenna radiation pattern, the antenna radiation structure and the radiation pattern control circuit are combined, and no additional wires are required to control the change of the radiation pattern.

[0053] A circuit is added to the control component of the antenna of the present invention, which has no influence on the radiation structure and makes the antenna have higher efficiency.

[0054] The antenna of the present invention is small in size. The size of the entire antenna system is 11mm * 50mm * 0.8mm, which is small in size and suitable for miniaturized terminal communication products.

[0055] The antenna of the present invention realizes the control of the antenna radiation pattern by loading the radio frequency control device into the antenna coupling structure. The antenna of the present invention loads a DC level through the inner conductor of the coaxial cable as a control method for the control signal of the control switch 32.

[0056] The beam-adjustable omnidirectional smart antenna proposed by the present invention can achieve adjustable beam in the elevation plane pattern of the antenna, and the antenna can still achieve omnidirectional radiation in the azimuth plane. The beam control is realized by inputting a DC signal through a coaxial feeder line, without the need to use additional control wires. The antenna structure is simple and the cost is low, which is suitable for household wireless terminal communication products.

[0057] Embodiment 2

[0058] Please refer to Figures 7 to 14 , the antenna of the present invention includes a substrate 10, a first radiation structure 21, a second radiation structure 22 and a control component. An inner conductor pad 11 and an outer conductor pad 12 are provided on the substrate 10; the first radiation structure 21 is connected to the outer conductor pad 12; the second radiation structure 22 is connected to the inner conductor pad 11; the control component is arranged between the first radiation structure 21 and the second radiation structure 22 to control the on-off connection of the first radiation structure 21 and the second radiation structure 22. The control component is directly connected to the first radiation structure 21 and the second radiation structure 22 respectively, without the need to separately set a control circuit. By controlling the connection and disconnection states of the first radiation structure 21 and the second radiation structure 22 through this control circuit, the function of changing the beam width is realized, greatly increasing the application range of the antenna.

[0059] The above antenna basic structure of this embodiment is a dual-band N-element dipole array antenna. The antenna can be a unit or single-frequency or multi-frequency. The side-radiation direction array of the dipole antenna ensures omnidirectional radiation. By controlling the on-off of the feeding network through the control component, the antenna can work in high-gain and low-gain states.

[0060] Taking N = 2 as an example, the antenna structure is as shown in the above figure. PTFE is used as the dielectric substrate 10, and the antenna is printed on the front and back sides of the PCB board. The antenna feeding points are two circular pads on the front and back in the middle of the PCB. A coaxial feeding point 13 is provided in the middle of the substrate 10. The first radiation structure 21 and the second radiation structure 22 are symmetrically distributed relative to the coaxial feeding point 13. Among them, the first radiation structure 21 and / or the second radiation structure 22 are connected to the coaxial feeding point 13 through a parallel two-wire transmission line 50.

[0061] Coaxial cable feeding is used. The outer conductor of the coaxial cable is welded to the back pad of the PCB, and the inner conductor is welded to the front pad through the PCB through hole. The antenna is a parallel binary dipole array, and the antenna units are connected by parallel two-wires. The antenna structure includes 2.4G radiation branches, 5G radiation branches, a DC control circuit, a coaxial feeding point 13, and a parallel two-wire transmission line 50. The radiation branches are symmetrically distributed above and below the coaxial feeding point 13. The DC control circuit includes a radio frequency control device, a chip component 34, and a metallized via.

[0062] One of the first radiation structure 21 and the second radiation structure 22 is a 2.4G radiation stub, and the other of the first radiation structure 21 and the second radiation structure 22 is a 5G radiation stub. The first radiation structure 21 and the second radiation structure 22 are connected by a parallel two-wire transmission line 50. Among them, the control component further includes a control switch 32, and the control switch 32 is arranged on the parallel two-wire transmission line 50 to switch the beam width, that is, the wide beam and the narrow beam, by controlling the on-off of the first radiation structure 21 and the second radiation structure 22.

[0063] By arraying the N-element dual-frequency dipole unit group and directly loading the radio frequency control device of the control component on the antenna transmission structure, using metallized vias to connect the front and back sides of the PCB and setting a protection circuit to make the radio frequency control device work normally, and inputting a DC control signal through the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable to control different working states of the radio frequency control device, the change of the antenna radiation pattern is realized.

[0064] As Figure 7 shown, the implementation principle: directly load the PIN diode onto the antenna transmission line as a control device, and at the same time reasonably set the DC circuit so that the PIN diode can work normally. The DC control signal is directly transmitted to the antenna through the inner conductor of the coaxial cable, without additional control wires, with a simple structure and low cost. When the voltage between the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable is 0, the PIN diode in the DC control circuit is turned off. At this time, the upper radiation stub is disconnected, and only the lower stub radiates, and the antenna beam is a wide beam; when there is a DC bias voltage between the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable, the PIN diode in the DC control circuit is turned on. At this time, the upper radiation stub conducts radiation, the antenna radiation aperture becomes larger, and the antenna beam becomes a narrow beam. By inputting a DC control voltage through the inner conductor of the coaxial cable, the fast switching of the antenna beam can be simply and conveniently realized.

[0065] As shown in the antenna radiation pattern Figures 11 to 13 shown, it can be seen from the two elevation plane patterns that when the PIN diode is turned off, only the lower stub of the antenna radiates, and at this time the radiation beam is a wide beam; when the control switch 32 is turned on, both the upper and lower stubs of the antenna radiate, and at this time the radiation beam is a narrow beam. The beam change of the antenna in the 2G / 5G two WIFI communication frequency bands is obvious, indicating that the design of directly loading the radio frequency control device onto the antenna transmission line as a control device is feasible. It can be seen from the two horizontal plane patterns that the antenna is omnidirectional in the horizontal plane in both the on and off states of the PIN diode, there is no obvious concave point in the horizontal plane, and the omnidirectionality is good, which is suitable for indoor wireless communication.

[0066] In summary, the antenna can realize the change of the beam width, change the antenna performance for different usage scenarios to obtain the best communication effect, and make the antenna have better scenario compatibility.

[0067] In this embodiment, the design of the N-element dual-frequency dipole antenna array and its reconfigurable implementation method: The radio frequency control circuit is directly loaded onto the antenna transmission structure and controlled by a coaxial feeder line to achieve the switching of the beam width.

[0068] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or their combinations.

[0069] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangements, numerical expressions, and numerical values of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for the sake of convenience of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual proportional relationships. Technologies, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the said technologies, methods, and devices should be regarded as part of the authorized specification. In all the examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be construed as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following drawings, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0070] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by orientation words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal", and "top, bottom" are generally based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Without contrary description, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention; the orientation words "inside, outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself.

[0071] For ease of description, spatial relative terms, such as "above", "over", "on the upper surface", "upper", etc., may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of one device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, the device described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures will then be positioned "below" or "under" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both the orientations of "above" and "below". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the corresponding explanations for the spatial relative descriptions used herein should be made accordingly.

[0072] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is only for the convenience of differentiating the corresponding components. Without further statement, these terms have no special meaning, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0073] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that, Comprising: A substrate (10) provided with an inner conductor pad (11) and an outer conductor pad (12) thereon; A first radiation structure (21) connected to the inner conductor pad (11); A second radiation structure (22) connected to the outer conductor pad (12); The first radiation structure (21) and the second radiation structure (22) are spaced apart and disposed on the same side of the substrate (10); A control component disposed on the substrate (10) and controllably connected to the first radiation structure (21) and the second radiation structure (22) respectively, to change the radiation beam tilt angle and / or the radiation beam width by controlling the on / off connection of the first radiation structure (21) and the second radiation structure (22); The control component includes a first director (31), a control switch (32), a second director (33), and a patch element (34). The control switch (32) and the patch element (34) are soldered to the first director (31). The patch element (34) is connected to the end of the first director (31). The second director (33) is disposed on the substrate (10) on the side of the second radiation structure (22) away from the first radiation structure (21) and is not connected to the second radiation structure (22). Wherein, the first director (31) includes a first portion (311) and a second portion (312). Both the first portion (311) and the second portion (312) are a groove-shaped structure. The first portion (311) and the second portion (312) are symmetrically distributed to form a rectangular frame structure. The first portion (311) is used to connect to the outer conductor pad (12), and the second portion (312) is used to connect to the inner conductor pad (11). The control switch (32) is disposed between the first portion (311) and the second portion (312) to change the beam tilt angle of the antenna by controlling the on / off of the first portion (311) and the second portion (312); The second director (33) includes two parts, both of which are bar-shaped, symmetrically disposed on the substrate (10). The second director (33) is movably disposed relative to the second radiation structure (22) and / or the size of the second director (33) is adjustable.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The substrate (10) is provided with a first via hole (14) and a second via hole (15). The antenna further includes: A conductive connection structure (40) disposed on the substrate (10) on the side opposite to the first radiation structure (21). Wherein, one end of the conductive connection structure (40) passes through the first via hole (14) and is connected to the first portion (311), and the other end of the conductive connection structure (40) passes through the second via hole (15) and is connected to the outer conductor pad (12).

3. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The patch element (34) is disposed between the first director (31) and the first radiation structure (21) so that the first director (31) is connected to the first radiation structure (21) through the patch element (34).

4. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control component includes at least one of a PIN diode, a MEMS switch, and a varactor diode.

5. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The antenna is a dual-band multi-element dipole array antenna.

6. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, A coaxial feeding point (13) is provided in the middle of the substrate (10), and the first radiation structure (21) and the second radiation structure (22) are symmetrically distributed with respect to the coaxial feeding point (13). Among them, the first radiation structure (21) and / or the second radiation structure (22) is connected to the coaxial feeding point (13) through a parallel two-wire transmission line (50).

7. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein One of the first radiation structure (21) and the second radiation structure (22) is a 2.4G radiation branch, and the other of the first radiation structure (21) and the second radiation structure (22) is a 5G radiation branch. The first radiation structure (21) and the second radiation structure (22) are connected through a parallel two-wire transmission line (50). Among them, the control component further includes: A control switch (32), the control switch (32) is disposed on the parallel two-wire transmission line to switch the beam width by controlling the connection and disconnection of the first radiation structure (21) and the second radiation structure (22).

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