A compact optomechanical axis system structure with nested parallel layout

Abstract

The present invention discloses a compact optomechanical shaft system structure with an inner and outer nested parallel layout, which is applied to a satellite-borne optoelectronic payload tracking turntable with an eccentrically loaded load. It can effectively shorten the axial dimension of a single shaft system and improve the compactness of the optoelectronic payload structure. The shaft system structure includes a stator mounting shaft, an angle sensor stator, an angle sensor rotor, a bearing seat, a bearing, a rotor mounting shaft, a motor rotor, a motor stator, a motor stator pressure ring, a motor rotor pressure ring, a bearing outer pressure ring, and a bearing inner pressure ring, wherein the motor and the bearing are arranged in an axial parallel layout, and the stator mounting shaft, the rotor mounting shaft and the bearing seat are arranged in a radial inner and outer nested layout. The compression of the axial dimension directly reduces the cantilever length of the tracking turntable, reduces the degree of eccentric load of the turntable, and improves the mechanical resistance of the turntable. At the same time, through the coordinated design of the protrusion and groove structure of the two mounting shafts, the mechanical limit of the shaft system rotation can be achieved without the need for an additional limit component, and the full angle design range of the shaft system rotation is large and flexible.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a compact optical-mechanical shaft system structure, which is specifically applied to a satellite-borne optoelectronic payload tracking turntable with an eccentrically mounted load, and belongs to the field of aerospace technology. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of space laser communication, information detection, etc., the coarse tracking scanning of the optoelectronic tracking and aiming system is usually achieved using a two-dimensional servo turntable mechanism. The turntable consists of orthogonal azimuth and pitch axis systems, which drives the optical load to realize its azimuth and pitch two-degree-of-freedom movement to complete information detection and tracking.

[0003] Depending on the requirements for servo range, tracking speed, and tracking accuracy, various countries have designed turntables with different structures. These include horizontal two-dimensional turntables, horizontal two-dimensional frames, swing mirror tracking mechanisms, periscope tracking mechanisms, and eccentric T-type tracking mechanisms. Periscope and eccentric T-type tracking mechanisms offer unique advantages in terms of size, weight, tracking range, and load inertia. However, their greatest drawback is that the optical load is mounted eccentrically relative to the azimuth axis, increasing the difficulty of ensuring azimuth control and assembly accuracy. Therefore, shortening the axial dimension of the shafting structure, thereby reducing the degree of eccentric loading and improving the stability and reliability of the structural system, is of great significance.

[0004] By optimizing the shafting layout, this invention effectively reduces the axial dimensions of a single shafting structure, reducing the cantilever length and weight of the tracking mechanism, lowering the degree of unbalanced loads, and improving the tracking mechanism's mechanical resistance, stability, and reliability. Furthermore, mechanical limiting can be achieved through the coordinated design of inter-part components without the need for additional limiting elements. The design also offers a simple structure, flexible design, easy assembly, and safety and reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: when the satellite-borne optoelectronic payload tracking turntable is eccentrically mounted, a compact optomechanical axis system structure with an internally and externally nested parallel layout is proposed. This structure can effectively shorten the axial dimension of a single axis system and effectively reduce the eccentricity of the tracking turntable.

[0006] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems by adopting a technical solution: a compact optical-mechanical shafting structure with an internally and externally nested parallel layout. The shafting structure comprises a stator mounting shaft 1, an angle sensor stator 2, an angle sensor rotor 3, a bearing seat 4, a bearing 5, a rotor mounting shaft 6, a motor rotor 7, a motor stator 8, a motor stator pressure ring 9, a motor rotor pressure ring 10, a bearing outer pressure ring 11, and a bearing inner pressure ring 12. The motor stator 8 is pressed and fixed to the outer side of the stator mounting shaft 1 by the motor stator pressure ring 9. The angle sensor stator 2 is connected to the inner side of the side elevation of the stator mounting shaft 1. The outer ring of the bearing 5 is pressed and fixed to the bearing seat 4 by the bearing outer pressure ring 11. Finally, the stator mounting shaft 1 and the bearing seat 4 are connected to form the fixed part of the shafting structure. The angle sensor rotor 3 is connected to the outside of the side elevation of the rotor mounting shaft 6. The motor rotor 7 is clamped and fixed to the inside of the rotor mounting shaft 6 by the motor rotor pressure ring 10. The inner ring of the bearing 5 is clamped and fixed to the outside of the rotor mounting shaft 6 by the bearing inner pressure ring 12. The rotor mounting shaft 6 and the components mounted thereon constitute the rotating portion of the shafting structure. By controlling the power supply to the motor stator 8, the motor rotor 7 is driven, causing the rotating portion of the shafting structure to generate rotational motion with the optical load. Simultaneously, the angle sensor stator 2 and angle sensor rotor 3 rotate relative to each other, providing position and velocity information of the optical load.

[0007] Furthermore, the motor composed of the motor rotor 7 and the motor stator 8 and the bearing 5 are arranged in axial parallel, with the bearing 5 on the outside and the motor on the inside in the radial direction. The larger diameter of the bearing 5 increases the bending resistance of the shaft system.

[0008] Furthermore, the stator mounting shaft 1, the rotor mounting shaft 6 and the bearing seat 4 adopt a radially inner and outer nested layout, which not only adapts to the axial parallel layout of the motor and the bearing 5, making the entire shaft system structure compact, but also the protrusion and groove structure designed with the rotor mounting shaft 6 and the stator mounting shaft 1, through the circumferential cooperation of the two, makes it possible to achieve mechanical limitation of the shaft system rotation without additional components, and the full angle design range of the shaft system rotation is large and flexible.

[0009] Furthermore, the motor rotor 7, the inner ring of the bearing 5, the angle sensor rotor 3 and the rotor mounting shaft 6 are cooperatively connected, belonging to the rotating part of the shaft system; the motor stator 8, the angle sensor stator 2, the outer ring of the bearing 5, the bearing seat 4 and the stator mounting shaft 1 are cooperatively connected, belonging to the relatively fixed part of the shaft system. The principle of relative motion of the entire shaft system is: after the motor stator 8 is supplied with electric energy, the motor rotor 7 is driven to rotate, thereby driving the rotor mounting shaft 6 to rotate, and the optical load is connected to the rotor mounting shaft 6 to generate relative rotation, completing the detection and tracking of information, wherein the angle sensor realizes dual closed-loop control of position and speed of the system through position feedback.

[0010] Furthermore, the stator mounting shaft 1, the rotor mounting shaft 6 and the bearing seat 4 adopt a radially inner and outer nested layout, and the rotating part and the relatively fixed part of the shaft system are respectively tightened by applying pre-tightening force through each pressure ring to improve the rigidity of the shaft system. The shaft system structure adopts a hollow shaft design, which is suitable for tracking the internal light penetration and electrical wiring of the turntable.

[0011] The advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0012] The present invention provides a compact optical-mechanical shaft structure with an inner-outer nested parallel layout. The shaft layout is compact through the radial inner-outer nested layout of the shaft rotating part and the relatively fixed part of the shaft, and the axial parallel layout of the bearings and the motor, which effectively shortens the axial size of the shaft structure. At the same time, the stator mounting shaft and the rotor mounting shaft structure are designed in coordination to achieve mechanical rotational limit of the shaft without the need for additional limit components, and the full angle of rotation of the shaft is wide and flexible in design. The shaft structure with this layout is particularly suitable for the design of a tracking turntable mechanism when an optical load is eccentrically mounted and needs to meet the requirements of small size and light weight. It can effectively reduce the eccentric load of the shaft, has a reasonable layout, and is easy to assemble. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the compact optical-mechanical axis system structure with nested parallel layout in the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor mounting shaft structure of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the stator mounting shaft structure of the present invention.

[0016] Among them, 1. stator mounting shaft, 2. angle sensor stator, 3. angle sensor rotor, 4. bearing seat, 5. bearing, 6. rotor mounting shaft, 7. motor rotor, 8. motor stator, 9. motor stator pressure ring, 10. motor rotor pressure ring, 11. bearing outer pressure ring, 12. bearing inner pressure ring, α is the protrusion structure angle of the rotor mounting shaft 6, γ is the notch structure angle of the stator mounting shaft 1, and β is the groove structure angle of the stator mounting shaft 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, they all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention, and do not merely represent the selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] The present invention is a compact optical-mechanical axis system structure with an internal and external nested parallel layout, and its structural schematic diagram is shown in FIG. Figure 1 The structure consists of a stator mounting shaft 1, an angle sensor stator 2, an angle sensor rotor 3, a bearing seat 4, a bearing 5, a rotor mounting shaft 6, a motor rotor 7, a motor stator 8, a motor stator pressure ring 9, a motor rotor pressure ring 10, a bearing outer pressure ring 11, and a bearing inner pressure ring 12. The motor stator 8 is clamped and fixed to the outside of the stator mounting shaft 1 by the motor stator pressure ring 9. The angle sensor stator 2 is connected to the inside of the side elevation of the stator mounting shaft 1. The outer ring of the bearing 5 is clamped and fixed to the bearing seat 4 by the bearing outer pressure ring 11. Finally, the stator mounting shaft 1 and the bearing seat 4 are connected to form the fixed part of the shaft system structure. The angle sensor rotor 3 is connected to the outside of the side elevation of the rotor mounting shaft 6. The motor rotor 7 is clamped and fixed to the inside of the rotor mounting shaft 6 by the motor rotor pressure ring 10. The inner ring of the bearing 5 is clamped and fixed to the outside of the rotor mounting shaft 6 by the bearing inner pressure ring 12. The rotor mounting shaft 6 and the components mounted thereon constitute the rotating part of the shaft system structure. The motor stator 8 is controlled to be energized, and the motor rotor 7 is driven so that the rotating part of the shaft structure drives the optical load to generate rotational motion. At the same time, the angle sensor stator 2 and the angle sensor rotor 3 rotate relative to each other, providing position and speed information of the optical load.

[0019] The motor (consisting of a motor rotor 7 and a motor stator 8) and the bearing 5 are arranged in axial parallel, and the stator mounting shaft 1, the rotor mounting shaft 6 and the bearing seat 4 are arranged in an "inside-middle-outside" radial inside-outside nested arrangement.

[0020] The angle sensor and motor are the key to ensure the accuracy of the shaft system. The bearing directly affects the structural stiffness of the shaft system and the tracking performance of the turntable. Figure 1 As shown, the angle sensor can be a synchronous inductor based on the principle of mutual induction of alternating electromagnetic fields. It consists of an angle sensor stator 2 and an angle sensor rotor 3. It is compact and lightweight, highly adaptable to environmental conditions, easy to assemble and test, and has high angle measurement accuracy and reliability. Its hollow structure is suitable for optical tracking mechanism turntables with internal light passing through the shaft system.

[0021] See also Figure 1 The motor is composed of a motor rotor 7 and a motor rotor 7. The type of the motor is a DC brushless torque motor with relatively high reliability. This type of motor has no mechanical commutation mechanism, no wear, and a long service life, and is suitable for the application environment of satellite-borne optoelectronic payloads.

[0022] See also Figure 1 Bearing 5 uses an angular contact thin-walled bearing as the shaft support, which has radial and axial bidirectional load capacity and a certain degree of bending resistance. Because the turntable mechanism is eccentrically mounted, the use of bearings with a large contact angle and back-to-back mounting helps to increase the shaft system's ability to resist overturning moments.

[0023] Combine Figure 2 and Figure 3 The rotor mounting shaft 6 is specifically designed with a raised structure at an angle of α, and the stator mounting shaft 1 is specifically designed with a groove structure at an angle of β. The rotor mounting shaft 6 and the stator mounting shaft 1 are arranged in a radially nested arrangement. The raised and grooved structures cooperate circumferentially to achieve mechanical limit rotation without the need for additional components. The raised structure angle α and the groove structure angle β together determine the full angle δ of the shaft system's rotation around the central axis:

[0024] δ=β-α

[0025] The full angle δ is related to the tracking range of the photoelectric load tracking rack. The full angle has a large design range and is flexible in design.

[0026] Furthermore, the angle γ of the notch of the stator mounting shaft 1 is determined by the angle α of the protruding structure of the rotor mounting shaft 6 (γ≥α), which is used for the internal and external nested assembly of the rotor mounting shaft 6 and the stator mounting shaft 1 during the assembly process of the shaft system structure engineering.

[0027] From the perspective of engineering assembly, the assembly steps of the shafting structure are given:

[0028] Step 1) The motor rotor 7 is connected to the rotor mounting shaft 6 and pre-tightened by the motor rotor pressing ring 10;

[0029] Step 2), the bearing 5 is matched with the rotor mounting shaft 6 and the bearing seat 4, and is pressed by the bearing outer pressure ring 11, and the bearing inner pressure ring 12 pre-tightens the bearing 5;

[0030] Step 3), the angle sensor rotor 3 is assembled and connected to the rotor mounting shaft 6 having completed step 2);

[0031] Step 4), the angle sensor stator 2 is assembled and connected to the stator mounting shaft 1;

[0032] Step 5) The two parts that have completed steps 3) and 4) are nested together through the notch with an angle γ on the stator mounting shaft 1 and the protrusion with an angle α on the rotor mounting shaft 6, so as to achieve a radially inner and outer nested layout of the rotor mounting shaft 6 and the stator mounting shaft 1, and are assembled and connected to the stator mounting shaft 1 through the bearing seat 4 to ensure the mechanical working clearance of the angle sensor;

[0033] Step 6), finally, the motor rotor 7 is connected to the stator mounting shaft 1 and pre-tightened by the motor stator pressing ring 9.

[0034] The motor rotor 7 and the angle sensor rotor 3 are connected to the rotor mounting shaft 6 and form the rotating portion of the shaft system. The relatively fixed portions of the shaft system are the motor stator 8, the bearing housing 4, the angle sensor stator 2, and the stator mounting shaft 1. When power is supplied to the motor stator 8, the motor rotor 7 rotates, thereby driving the rotor mounting shaft 6. Simultaneously, the angle sensor rotor 3 and the optical load assembly, which are connected to the rotor mounting shaft 6, rotate along with the rotor mounting shaft 6. The bearing 5 provides radial and axial load capacity and a certain degree of bending resistance. The angle sensor provides position feedback, enabling dual closed-loop position and velocity control of the system.

[0035] As described above, the present invention optimizes the design of the optomechanical shafting structure, achieving an axially parallel arrangement of the motor and bearings, and a radially nested arrangement of the rotor mounting shaft, stator mounting shaft, and bearing housing. This effectively reduces the axial dimensions of the shafting structure, shortens the cantilever length of the tracking mechanism, and mechanically limits the shafting without the need for additional limiting components. The shafting system offers a wide and flexible design range for full-angle rotation, providing an ideal shafting design method for a turntable tracking mechanism for eccentrically mounted spaceborne optoelectronic payloads. A prototype has been produced, and the assembly method is feasible. Both the shafting accuracy and the goniometric element accuracy meet the requirements.

[0036] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or replacements that can be understood and thought of by anyone familiar with the technology within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compact optical-mechanical axis system with an internal and external nested parallel layout, characterized by: The shaft system structure is composed of a stator mounting shaft (1), an angle sensor stator (2), an angle sensor rotor (3), a bearing seat (4), a bearing (5), a rotor mounting shaft (6), a motor rotor (7), a motor stator (8), a motor stator pressure ring (9), a motor rotor pressure ring (10), a bearing outer pressure ring (11) and a bearing inner pressure ring (12). The motor stator (8) is fixed to the outer side of the stator mounting shaft (1) by the motor stator pressure ring (9). The angle sensor stator (2) is connected to the inner side of the side elevation of the stator mounting shaft (1). The outer ring of the bearing (5) is fixed to the bearing seat (4) by the bearing outer pressure ring (11). Finally, the stator mounting shaft (1) and the bearing seat (4) are connected to form a fixed part of the shaft system structure. The rotor (3) is connected to the outer side of the side elevation of the rotor mounting shaft (6), the motor rotor (7) is pressed and fixed to the inner side of the rotor mounting shaft (6) by the motor rotor pressure ring (10), and the inner ring of the bearing (5) is pressed and fixed to the outer side of the rotor mounting shaft (6) by the bearing inner pressure ring (12). The motor stator (8) is controlled to be energized, and the motor rotor (7) is driven to drive the optical load to generate rotational motion. At the same time, the angle sensor stator (2) and the angle sensor rotor (3) rotate relative to each other to provide position and speed information of the optical load; the rotor mounting shaft (6) is designed with a protrusion structure with an angle of α, and the stator mounting shaft (1) is designed with a groove structure with an angle of β; the protrusion structure angle α and the groove structure angle β jointly determine the full angle δ of the shaft system rotating around the central axis: δ = β - α; The motor, which is composed of a motor rotor (7) and a motor stator (8), and the bearing (5) are arranged in parallel in the axial direction, with the bearing (5) being outside and the motor being inside in the radial direction; The stator mounting shaft (1), the rotor mounting shaft (6) and the bearing seat (4) adopt a radial inner and outer nested layout, which not only adapts to the axial parallel layout of the motor and the bearing (5), making the entire shaft system structure compact, but also the protrusion and groove structure designed for the rotor mounting shaft (6) and the stator mounting shaft (1) are matched with each other in the circumferential direction, so that the mechanical limit of the shaft system rotation can be achieved without the need for additional components. The motor rotor (7), the inner ring of the bearing (5), the angle sensor rotor (3) and the rotor mounting shaft (6) are connected in cooperation, belonging to the rotating part of the shaft system; the motor stator (8), the angle sensor stator (2), the outer ring of the bearing (5), the bearing seat (4) and the stator mounting shaft (1) are connected in cooperation, belonging to the relatively fixed part of the shaft system. The principle of relative motion of the entire shaft system is as follows: after the motor stator (8) is supplied with electric energy, the motor rotor (7) is driven to rotate, thereby driving the rotor mounting shaft (6) to rotate, and the optical load is connected to the rotor mounting shaft (6) to generate relative rotation, completing the detection and tracking of information, wherein the angle sensor realizes dual closed-loop control of position and speed of the system through position feedback; The stator mounting shaft (1), the rotor mounting shaft (6) and the bearing seat (4) are arranged in a radially inner and outer nested arrangement. The rotating part and the relatively fixed part of the shaft system are respectively pressed by applying pre-tightening force through each pressure ring to improve the rigidity of the shaft system. The shaft system structure adopts a hollow shaft design, which is suitable for tracking the internal light penetration and electrical wiring of the turntable.

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