A pilot allocation method and device

Abstract

The present application discloses a pilot allocation method and device, and relates to the field of communication engineering technology. The main technical scheme of the present application is: obtaining a pilot sequence group, which is applied to each cellular cell, and users in the cellular cell are allocated different pilot sequences; selecting a first pilot sequence from the pilot sequence group; by allocating the first pilot sequence to each arbitrarily selected first user in each cellular cell, a plurality of pilot allocation schemes corresponding to the first pilot sequence are obtained; for each pilot allocation scheme, a channel estimation operation is performed based on the first pilot sequence to obtain a channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to each first user, and an accuracy average value is obtained by averaging operation; for each pilot allocation scheme, based on the comparison result of the channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to each first user with the first preset accuracy value and the comparison result of the accuracy average value with the second preset accuracy value, a first target pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the first pilot sequence is determined from multiple pilot allocation schemes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication engineering technology, and in particular to a pilot allocation method and device. Background Art

[0002] The multiple input multiple output (MIMO) communication system uses more antennas at both the transmitting and receiving ends to form more channels between the transmitting and receiving ends. It can greatly increase the channel capacity, not only serving more mobile terminal users at the same time, but also reducing the interference of the transmission channel and greatly improving the communication quality, thus solving many problems facing future wireless communications.

[0003] At present, in the actual application of MIMO communication systems, due to technical limitations, there is still the phenomenon of pilot pollution in the communication system. Since pilot resources are scarce, pilot pollution cannot be eliminated. Now the main way to reduce the impact of pilot pollution on the performance of the communication system is to study channel estimation algorithms, design precoding schemes, study pilot allocation schemes, design pilot sequences, etc.

[0004] However, as far as the pilot allocation schemes studied are concerned, the pilot allocation schemes currently obtained through research often focus on how to meet the channel estimation accuracy required for communication of most users in the support group, that is, most of them only consider ensuring that the overall performance of the communication system is up to standard, but ignore the fact that such pilot allocation may also result in a small number of users having a poor communication experience due to large channel estimation deviations, that is, ignoring the small number of users in the group with poor communication experience. Such pilot allocation schemes are obviously unfair. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present application provides a pilot allocation method and device, the main purpose of which is to optimize the pilot allocation method. Since the accuracy of channel estimation required for communication of most users in the group is required to be not low, it is also required to avoid the situation where the accuracy of corresponding channel estimation of a few users is low, resulting in poor experience, thereby providing a fairer pilot allocation scheme, minimizing the interference caused by pilot pollution as much as possible, and ensuring the communication experience of each user.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application mainly provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A first aspect of the present application provides a pilot allocation method, the method comprising:

[0008] Acquire a pilot sequence group, wherein the pilot sequence group includes a plurality of different pilot sequences, the plurality of different pilot sequences are applied to each cellular cell, and different pilot sequences are correspondingly allocated to users in the cellular cell;

[0009] Selecting a first pilot sequence from the pilot sequence group;

[0010] Obtaining a plurality of pilot allocation schemes corresponding to the first pilot sequence by allocating the first pilot sequence to first users arbitrarily selected in each of the cellular cells;

[0011] For each of the pilot allocation schemes, performing a channel estimation operation based on the first pilot sequence to obtain a channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to each of the first users, and obtaining an accuracy average value through an averaging operation;

[0012] For each of the pilot allocation schemes, based on the comparison result of the channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to each of the first users with the first preset accuracy value and the comparison result of the accuracy average with the second preset accuracy value, determine the first target pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the first pilot sequence from the multiple pilot allocation schemes.

[0013] In some modified implementations of the first aspect of the present application, after determining a first target pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the first pilot sequence, the method further includes:

[0014] Deleting the first pilot sequence from the pilot sequence group to obtain a remaining pilot sequence;

[0015] Based on the first target pilot allocation scheme, deleting the first target user to which the first pilot sequence has been allocated from each of the cellular cells;

[0016] Selecting a second pilot sequence from the remaining pilot sequences;

[0017] A second target pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the second pilot sequence is determined based on remaining users corresponding to each of the cellular cells.

[0018] In some modified implementations of the first aspect of the present application, for each pilot allocation scheme, based on a comparison result of a channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to each first user with a first preset accuracy value and a comparison result of the accuracy average with a second preset accuracy value, determining a first target pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the first pilot sequence from a plurality of the pilot allocation schemes includes:

[0019] For each pilot allocation scheme, determining whether the average precision value corresponding to the plurality of first users is greater than a second preset precision value;

[0020] If yes, retain the pilot allocation scheme;

[0021] For each of the reserved pilot allocation schemes, obtaining a minimum accuracy value from the channel estimation accuracy values ​​corresponding to the plurality of first users;

[0022] If the minimum precision value meets the first preset precision value, the pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the minimum precision value is used as the first target pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the first pilot sequence.

[0023] In some modified implementations of the first aspect of the present application, after selecting the first pilot sequence from the pilot sequence group, the method further includes:

[0024] Obtaining a reference pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the pilot sequence by allocating the first pilot sequence to the target users selected in each of the cellular cells;

[0025] For the reference pilot allocation scheme, performing a channel estimation operation based on the first pilot sequence to obtain a target channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to each of the target users;

[0026] Performing an averaging operation according to the target channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to each target user to obtain a target accuracy average value;

[0027] Based on the target accuracy average value, the second preset accuracy value is constructed.

[0028] In some modified implementations of the first aspect of the present application, after constructing the second preset accuracy value, the method further includes:

[0029] From the average precision values ​​corresponding to the plurality of pilot allocation schemes, count the number of precision values ​​greater than the second preset precision value;

[0030] If the number is less than a preset threshold, the second preset accuracy value is reconstructed based on reconstructing the reference pilot allocation scheme.

[0031] In some modified implementations of the first aspect of the present application, the method further includes:

[0032] For each of the reserved pilot allocation schemes, determine a minimum precision value corresponding to the first user after a channel estimation operation, and obtain a minimum precision value corresponding to each of the reserved pilot allocation schemes after a channel estimation operation;

[0033] Selecting a maximum precision value from the minimum precision values ​​of the channel estimation operation corresponding to the plurality of reserved pilot allocation schemes;

[0034] Based on the selected maximum precision value, the first preset precision value is constructed.

[0035] In some modified implementations of the first aspect of the present application, after determining a first target pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the first pilot sequence, the method further includes:

[0036] Determining, in each of the cellular cells, a designated user corresponding to the first pilot sequence based on a first target pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the first pilot sequence;

[0037] Using the first pilot sequence, performing channel estimation calculation between the designated user and a base station in the cellular cell, and obtaining a channel estimation value corresponding to the designated user in each of the cellular cells;

[0038] Based on the channel estimation value corresponding to the designated user in each of the cellular cells, the base station corresponding to the designated user is used to receive the data signal sent by the designated user, analyze it and forward it.

[0039] A second aspect of the present application provides a pilot allocation device, the device comprising:

[0040] An acquisition unit, configured to acquire a pilot sequence group, wherein the pilot sequence group includes a plurality of different pilot sequences, wherein the plurality of different pilot sequences are applied to each cellular cell, and different pilot sequences are correspondingly allocated to users in the cellular cell;

[0041] A first selection unit, configured to select a first pilot sequence from the pilot sequence group;

[0042] an allocating unit, configured to obtain a plurality of pilot allocation schemes corresponding to the first pilot sequence by allocating the first pilot sequence to first users arbitrarily selected in each of the cellular cells;

[0043] a calculation unit, configured to perform a channel estimation operation based on the first pilot sequence for each of the pilot allocation schemes, obtain a channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to each of the first users, and obtain an accuracy average value through an averaging operation;

[0044] A first determination unit is used to determine, for each of the pilot allocation schemes, a first target pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the first pilot sequence from a plurality of the pilot allocation schemes based on a comparison result of a channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to each of the first users with a first preset accuracy value and a comparison result of the accuracy average with a second preset accuracy value.

[0045] A third aspect of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the pilot allocation method as described above is implemented.

[0046] A fourth aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the pilot allocation method as described above when executing the computer program.

[0047] By means of the above technical solution, the technical solution provided by this application has at least the following advantages:

[0048] The present application provides a pilot allocation method and device. In the present application, firstly, a pilot sequence is selected from a pilot sequence group (as a first pilot sequence). Since the pilot sequence group is applied to each cellular cell and different pilot sequences are allocated to different users in the cell, each cellular cell has a user (called a first user) who shares the first pilot sequence. Then, since each user in the cellular cell can be selected as the first user, multiple pilot allocation schemes are obtained by allocating the first pilot sequence to the first users arbitrarily selected in each cellular cell. Furthermore, for each pilot sequence, A frequency allocation scheme is proposed, and a channel estimation operation is performed based on the first pilot sequence. The channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to the first user selected by each cellular cell will be obtained. The accuracy value is mainly used to measure the level of the channel estimation deviation, and the accuracy average value is obtained through averaging operation. Finally, for each pilot allocation scheme, the present application uses the first preset accuracy value to measure the level of the channel estimation accuracy value to determine whether there will be a user with poor communication experience in the allocation scheme, and uses the second preset accuracy value to measure the accuracy average value to determine whether the user communication experience of the allocation scheme as a whole meets the standard, thereby finding the best pilot allocation scheme.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the present application utilizes these two preset thresholds to evaluate the communication quality from both the perspective of individual users and the perspective of overall users, thereby solving the technical problem that the existing allocation scheme can only satisfy most users but will result in a poor communication experience for a few users. The pilot allocation scheme provided by the present application requires that the accuracy of the channel estimation required for communication of most users in the group is not low, and also requires avoiding the situation where the accuracy of the corresponding channel estimation of a few users is low, resulting in a poor experience. This provides a fairer pilot allocation scheme, minimizes the interference caused by pilot pollution as much as possible, and ensures the communication experience of each user.

[0050] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present application. Also, the same reference symbols are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0052] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the MIMO communication system model structure illustrated in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 2 A flow chart of a pilot allocation method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 3 A flowchart of another pilot allocation method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a ring channel constructed by the scattering effect of a scatterer centered on a user as exemplified in an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 5 A block diagram of a pilot allocation device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 6 A block diagram of another pilot allocation device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided in order to enable a more thorough understanding of the present application and to fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art.

[0059] The embodiment of the present application first constructs a large-scale multiple input multiple output (MIMO) communication system model, such as Figure 1 As shown, the MIMO communication system model structure includes: L cellular cells, each cellular cell is equipped with a base station and the number of antennas of the base station is M, each cellular small area has K users and the number of antennas of the user is 1; the users are randomly distributed within the cellular cell, and the base station is located at the center of each cell; the MIMO communication system model supports the time division duplex protocol. Next, in combination with the MIMO communication system model, the embodiment of the present application provides a pilot allocation method, such as Figure 2 As shown, the present application embodiment provides the following specific steps:

[0060] 101. Obtain a pilot sequence group.

[0061] The pilot sequence group includes multiple different pilot sequences, which carry pilot signals. Pilot signals refer to signals sent for measurement or monitoring purposes in a telecommunications network, and are usually single frequency signals. The pilot sequence group is applied to each cell, and ensures that each user in the cell can be assigned a different pilot sequence.

[0062] In the embodiment of the present application, for the MIMO communication system model, the uplink training phase is first performed, and then the uplink data signal transmission phase is performed. The purpose of the uplink training phase is to perform channel estimation operations between the users in this cell and the base station in this cell to obtain channel information; the purpose of the uplink data signal transmission phase is that based on the above estimated channel information, the base station in this cell receives the data signal sent by the user in this cell (such as "Hello" when the phone is dialed), parses the data information carried in the data signal and forwards it to the receiving end.

[0063] Next, combine Figure 1 The embodiment of the present application mainly explains the uplink training phase as follows:

[0064] During the uplink training phase, if Figure 1 In the MIMO communication system model, after multiple different pilot sequences in the pilot sequence group are allocated to different users in a cellular cell, each user in the cellular cell will not only send a pilot sequence (such as Figure 1 The pilot sequence is also sent to the base station of the adjacent cell (such as Figure 1 dashed arrow shown).

[0065] Since the pilot sequence group is applied to each cellular cell, it is inevitable that users in different cells share the same pilot sequence. Figure 1 As shown, assuming that user 11 from cell 1 and user 21 from cell 2 share the same pilot sequence A, base station 2 of cell 2 will receive pilot sequence A sent by user 11 and user 21 at the same time, then user 11's operation of sending pilot sequence A will interfere with user 21, which is the so-called pilot pollution phenomenon.

[0066] It should be noted that the above are only exemplary examples. In actual scenarios, for a target user in a target cell, there may be a large number of other users sharing the same pilot sequence, and these other users are from different adjacent cells. If the target user and these large number of other users send the same pilot sequence to each base station at the same time, then for the target user, the number of interference behaviors caused is also large, and the pilot pollution phenomenon is very serious.

[0067] Therefore, the embodiment of the present application needs to utilize the channel estimation operation to calculate and estimate the channel information between the user in the cell and the base station in the cell from a large number of pilot sequences received by the base station in the cell, such as Figure 1 The channel information corresponding to the “solid arrow” between the user and the base station is shown, thereby effectively avoiding the interference caused by pilot pollution.

[0068] Therefore, during the uplink data signal transmission phase, when the base station of this cell receives data signals sent by users of this cell and other users of other adjacent cells, it can ignore the data signals sent by other users based on the pre-estimated "channel information between users of this cell and base station of this cell", and parse the data signals sent by users of this cell to obtain corresponding data information (such as "Hello" when a phone call is made) and forward it to the receiving end.

[0069] Furthermore, it should be noted that "channel information between users in this cell and base stations in this cell" means: for each user in this cell, based on the different pilot sequences allocated and sent to the base stations in this cell, the estimated channel information between each user and the base station in this cell is calculated, so the channel estimation operation is actually performed for each user.

[0070] 102. Select a first pilot sequence from the pilot sequence group.

[0071] In the embodiment of the present application, for the convenience of explanation, a pilot sequence arbitrarily selected from the pilot sequence group is referred to as a first pilot sequence.

[0072] 103. Obtain multiple pilot allocation schemes corresponding to the first pilot sequences by allocating first pilot sequences to first users arbitrarily selected in each cellular cell.

[0073] In the embodiment of the present application, since the pilot sequence group is applied to each cellular cell and each user in the cellular cell will be assigned a different pilot sequence, when the pilot sequences in the pilot sequence group are allocated to the users in the cellular cell, it is inevitable that users from different cellular cells will share the same pilot sequence.

[0074] For example, taking pilot sequence A as an example, the pilot sequence A can be randomly assigned to any user in a cell. Assuming that there are 3 cells and each cell has 10 users, 1000 (i.e., 10 3 ) pilot allocation schemes.

[0075] It should be noted that, for the sake of convenience of explanation, for each pilot allocation scheme, when a user in a cell is selected and allocated the first pilot sequence, the user is called the "first user", so that there is a "first pilot sequence" and its corresponding "first user" in each cell.

[0076] 104. For each pilot allocation scheme, perform a channel estimation operation based on the first pilot sequence to obtain a channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to each first user, and obtain an accuracy average value through an averaging operation.

[0077] In the embodiment of the present application, channel estimation is the process of estimating the model parameters of a preset channel model from the pilot sequence received by the base station. It should be emphasized that channel estimation is a mathematical representation of the influence of the channel on the input signal, and a "good" channel estimation refers to a channel estimation algorithm that minimizes the estimation error.

[0078] The embodiment of the present application pre-constructs a channel estimation algorithm, and then for each pilot allocation scheme, performs a channel estimation operation between the user in the cell and the base station in the cell to obtain channel information, and further reversely verifies based on the channel information to obtain a channel estimation accuracy value, that is, the larger the channel estimation deviation, the lower the channel estimation accuracy value, and the smaller the channel estimation deviation, the higher the channel estimation accuracy value. And further, in each pilot allocation scheme, each first user will obtain a corresponding channel estimation accuracy value, and the average operation is performed accordingly to obtain the accuracy average value corresponding to the pilot allocation scheme.

[0079] 105. For each pilot allocation scheme, based on the comparison result of the channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to each first user with the first preset accuracy value and the comparison result of the accuracy average with the second preset accuracy value, determine the first target pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the first pilot sequence from multiple pilot allocation schemes.

[0080] In an embodiment of the present application, two preset accuracy values ​​are pre-constructed, which are referred to as "first preset accuracy value" and "second preset accuracy value" for the purpose of distinguishing them. The embodiment of the present application uses the first preset accuracy value to measure the channel estimation accuracy value to determine whether there will be a user with poor communication experience in the allocation scheme, and uses the second preset accuracy value to measure the accuracy average value to determine whether the user communication experience of the allocation scheme as a whole meets the standards.

[0081] Therefore, for each pilot allocation scheme, based on the comparison result of the channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to each first user with the first preset accuracy value and the comparison result of the accuracy average value with the second preset accuracy value, it is judged whether the channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to the individual user is too low, and whether the channel estimation accuracy value for the overall user meets the standard. If these two constraints are met at the same time, it is confirmed that the pilot allocation scheme is the best pilot allocation scheme suitable for the first pilot sequence allocation.

[0082] As described above, a pilot allocation method provided in an embodiment of the present application, compared with the prior art, evaluates the communication quality from both the perspective of individual users and the perspective of overall users, and solves the technical problem that the existing allocation scheme can only satisfy most users and cause a poor communication experience for a few users. The pilot allocation scheme provided by the present application requires that the accuracy of the channel estimation required for communication of most users in the group is not low, and also requires avoiding the situation where the accuracy of the corresponding channel estimation of a few users is low, resulting in a poor experience, thereby providing a fairer pilot allocation scheme, minimizing the interference caused by pilot pollution as much as possible, and ensuring the communication experience of each user.

[0083] In order to provide a more detailed explanation, the embodiment of the present application also provides another pilot allocation method, such as Figure 3 As shown, the present application embodiment provides the following specific steps:

[0084] 201. Obtain a pilot sequence group.

[0085] The pilot sequence group includes multiple different pilot sequences, and the multiple different pilot sequences are applied to each cellular cell. Different pilot sequences are correspondingly allocated to users in the cellular cell.

[0086] 202. Select a first pilot sequence from the pilot sequence group.

[0087] 203. Obtain multiple pilot allocation schemes corresponding to the first pilot sequences by allocating first pilot sequences to first users arbitrarily selected in each cellular cell.

[0088] In the embodiment of the present application, for the explanation of steps 201-203, please refer to steps 101-103, which will not be repeated here.

[0089] 204. For each pilot allocation scheme, perform a channel estimation operation based on the first pilot sequence to obtain a channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to each first user, and obtain an accuracy average value through an averaging operation.

[0090] In the embodiments of the present application, Figure 1The MIMO communication system model shown assumes that there are sufficient pilot resources so that the pilot sequences allocated to users in different cellular cells are different. In this case, when all users send pilot sequences to the base station in their cell and the base stations in other adjacent cells, there is no pilot pollution. At this time, the accuracy of the channel information calculated and estimated between the users in the cell and the base stations in the cell is also very high, but this is only an idealized situation.

[0091] As a solution to replace the above ideal situation, the embodiment of the present application takes into account: Figure 1 As shown, for base station 2 in cell 2, if the arrival angles of user 1 (from cell 1), user 2 (from cell 2) and user 3 (from cell 3) using the same pilot sequence A to base station 2 are strictly non-overlapping, and when the antenna of base station 2 approaches infinity, the higher the channel estimation accuracy between user 2 and base station 2, the closer it is to the channel estimation result when pilot contamination completely disappears. The specific explanation is as follows:

[0092] In actual communication scenarios, due to the presence of scatterers around the user, uplink data signal transmission will be affected by the scatterers formed by the buildings around the base station. Such an environment can be modeled as a ring channel. Figure 4 , with the user as the center, the scattering effect of the scatterer forms a radius of r s The space vector channel model is obtained by the ring. The space vector channel model assumes that the user's arrival angle is determined by the physical position of the scatterers around the user relative to the base station antenna array. The scatterers around the user cause the channel from the user to the base station antenna to exist at a certain arrival angle, such as Figure 4 As shown, θ is the minimum value of the user arrival angle, ξ is the range of the user arrival angle, D is the distance between base station antennas, and 1, 2, 3, and M refer to the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and Mth antennas.

[0093] and are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the arrival angle of the signal sent by the kth user in the lth cell to the jth cell base station, respectively. The calculation formulas are as follows:

[0094]

[0095]

[0096] in, and are the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the kth user in the lth cell, and are the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the j-th cell base station; r s is the cell radius, dlkj is the spatial distance between the kth user and the jth base station in the lth cell, r s is the radius of the annular channel formed by the presence of scatterers with the user as the center, and the arrival angle is The user corresponding channel vector h lkj .

[0097] When the range of arrival angles of L-1 interfering users using the same pilot sequence as the target user is Range with expected user arrival angle When there is no strict overlap, the channel estimation result approaches the channel estimation result corresponding to the above idealized case.

[0098] Therefore, the embodiment of the present application designs a function formula for measuring the channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to users who use the Kth pilot sequence in a MIMO communication system. The function formula is used to measure the degree of deviation of the channel estimation, that is, the larger the deviation, the lower the channel estimation accuracy value; the smaller the deviation, the higher the channel estimation accuracy value. Specifically, the function formula is as follows: Formula (3):

[0099]

[0100] in, is the middle angle from the user to the base station, expressed by the following formula (4):

[0101] θ mid =(θ min +θ max ) / 2 formula (4);

[0102] And further, the average operation is performed to obtain the average precision, using the following formula (5):

[0103]

[0104] Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, a channel estimation operation is performed based on the first pilot sequence, and the channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to each first user can be obtained by using formula (3), and the accuracy average value can be obtained by averaging operation using formula (5).

[0105] 205. For each pilot allocation scheme, determine whether an average precision value corresponding to multiple first users is greater than a second preset precision value.

[0106] 206a. If it is determined that the average precision value corresponding to the plurality of first users is greater than a second preset precision value, retaining the pilot allocation scheme.

[0107] 206b. If it is determined that the average precision value corresponding to the plurality of first users is not greater than the second preset precision value, the pilot allocation scheme is abandoned.

[0108] In the embodiment of the present application, the second preset accuracy value is used to measure the accuracy average value. In order to ensure the effectiveness of the measurement, the second preset accuracy value is not randomly selected, but can be constructed using the following specific implementation method, which is specifically explained as follows:

[0109] First, a target user may be randomly selected from each cellular cell and assigned a first pilot sequence, and this pilot allocation scheme may be used as a reference pilot allocation scheme.

[0110] Secondly, for the reference pilot allocation scheme, a channel estimation operation is performed based on the first pilot sequence to obtain a target channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to each target user, and an averaging operation is performed based on the target channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to each target user to obtain a target accuracy average value, and a second preset accuracy value is constructed based on the target accuracy average value.

[0111] It should be noted that the reference pilot scheme is equivalent to being randomly constructed based on randomly selected target users, and it represents non-special instances with a high probability. For example, it excludes the situation where the arrival angles of multiple target users from different cellular cells arriving at the same base station seriously overlap.

[0112] Based on this, the average channel accuracy calculated based on the reference pilot allocation scheme can be used as the second preset accuracy value preliminarily constructed, and then the average channel estimation accuracy corresponding to each pilot allocation scheme is obtained in step 204, and each channel estimation accuracy average is determined one by one whether it is greater than the second preset accuracy value. If so, it indicates that the deviation of the pilot allocation scheme for channel estimation of users as a whole is not very large, which is sufficient to meet the standard, and further measurement of the channel estimation deviation corresponding to individual users is performed. Therefore, the pilot allocation scheme corresponding to such a first pilot sequence is retained.

[0113] Further, a validity verification operation may be added to the reference pilot allocation scheme. For example, if the number of precision averages corresponding to multiple pilot allocation schemes that is greater than the second preset precision value is less than a preset threshold, it indicates that the overall precision of the user channel estimation is not high enough in the multiple pilot allocation schemes corresponding to the first pilot sequence. Since the reference pilot allocation scheme is randomly set, it is not 100% authoritative. If such a result occurs, it may be that the reference pilot allocation scheme is set too strictly. Therefore, the target user should be reselected from each cellular cell to reconstruct the reference pilot allocation scheme and further reconstruct the second preset precision value.

[0114] 207a. For each reserved pilot allocation scheme, obtain a minimum accuracy value from channel estimation accuracy values ​​corresponding to multiple first users.

[0115] In the embodiment of the present application, a reserved pilot allocation scheme is obtained from a plurality of pilot allocation schemes corresponding to the first pilot sequence by a screening operation using a preset second threshold value. Further, for each reserved pilot allocation scheme, a minimum accuracy value is obtained from the channel estimation accuracy values ​​corresponding to a plurality of first users, that is, the minimum channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to each reserved pilot scheme, which indirectly also represents the first user with the largest channel estimation deviation in the pilot allocation scheme.

[0116] Exemplarily, based on formula (3), the following formula (6) is used to obtain the minimum accuracy value for each reserved pilot allocation scheme.

[0117]

[0118] 208a. If the minimum precision value meets the first preset precision value, the pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the minimum precision value is used as the first target pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the first pilot sequence.

[0119] In the embodiment of the present application, the first preset accuracy value is used to measure the accuracy of the channel estimation to determine whether there is a user with a poor communication experience in the allocation scheme. In order to ensure the effectiveness of the measurement, the second preset accuracy value is not randomly selected, but can be constructed using the following specific implementation method, which is explained as follows:

[0120] First, for each reserved pilot allocation scheme, the minimum precision value corresponding to the first user after the channel estimation operation is determined, and the minimum precision value after the channel estimation operation corresponding to each reserved pilot allocation scheme is obtained.

[0121] Secondly, a maximum precision value is selected from the minimum precision values ​​of the channel estimation operation corresponding to the multiple reserved pilot allocation schemes, and a first preset precision value is constructed based on the selected maximum precision value.

[0122] An exemplary explanation is given. It is assumed that after screening by the first preset accuracy value, pilot allocation schemes 1, 2 and 3 are retained, and each of these three schemes has a minimum channel estimation accuracy value. Then, after comparison, it is found that the minimum channel estimation accuracy value of scheme 3 is the largest among them. In this case, the minimum channel estimation accuracy value of scheme 3 is used as the first preset accuracy value, and scheme 3 is used as the first target pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the first pilot sequence.

[0123] Furthermore, in an embodiment of the present application, after the first pilot sequence is allocated, the first pilot sequence can be deleted from the pilot sequence group to obtain the remaining pilot sequences, and based on the first target pilot allocation scheme, the first target user corresponding to the allocated first pilot sequence is determined from each cellular cell and the first target user is deleted to obtain the remaining users corresponding to each cellular cell, and then the above steps 201-205 and steps 206a-208a are repeated for the remaining pilot sequences to obtain a better allocation scheme for the next pilot sequence (i.e., the second pilot sequence) until the allocation of each pilot sequence in the pilot sequence group is completed.

[0124] In the embodiment of the present application, taking the first pilot sequence as an example, based on the first target pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the first pilot sequence, the designated user corresponding to the first pilot sequence is determined in each cellular cell, and the uplink training phase operation is performed. The first pilot sequence is used to perform channel estimation calculation between the designated user and the base station in the cellular cell, and the channel estimation value corresponding to the designated user in each cellular cell is obtained. Then, based on the channel estimation value corresponding to the designated user in each cellular cell, the uplink data signal transmission phase operation is performed, and the base station corresponding to the designated user is used to receive the data signal sent by the designated user and parse and forward it to the corresponding receiving end.

[0125] Furthermore, as a response to the above Figure 2 , Figure 3 In order to realize the method shown in the figure, the embodiment of the present application provides a pilot allocation device. The device embodiment corresponds to the aforementioned method embodiment. For ease of reading, the device embodiment will not repeat the details of the aforementioned method embodiment one by one, but it should be clear that the device in this embodiment can correspond to all the contents of the aforementioned method embodiment. The device is used to allocate pilot sequences to each user in a cellular cell in a MIMO communication system model, specifically as follows Figure 5 As shown, the device comprises:

[0126] An acquiring unit 301 is configured to acquire a pilot sequence group, wherein the pilot sequence group includes a plurality of different pilot sequences, wherein the plurality of different pilot sequences are applied to each cellular cell, and different pilot sequences are correspondingly allocated to users in the cellular cell;

[0127] A first selection unit 302, configured to select a first pilot sequence from the pilot sequence group;

[0128] An allocating unit 303 is configured to obtain a plurality of pilot allocation schemes corresponding to the first pilot sequence by allocating the first pilot sequence to first users arbitrarily selected in each of the cellular cells;

[0129] The calculation unit 304 is configured to perform a channel estimation operation based on the first pilot sequence for each of the pilot allocation schemes, obtain a channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to each of the first users, and obtain an accuracy average value through an averaging operation;

[0130] The first determination unit 305 is used to determine, for each of the pilot allocation schemes, a first target pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the first pilot sequence from a plurality of the pilot allocation schemes based on a comparison result of a channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to each of the first users with a first preset accuracy value and a comparison result of the accuracy average with a second preset accuracy value.

[0131] Further, such as Figure 6 As shown, the device also includes:

[0132] a deleting unit 306, configured to, after determining a first target pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the first pilot sequence, delete the first pilot sequence from the pilot sequence group to obtain a remaining pilot sequence;

[0133] The deleting unit 306 is further configured to delete, from each of the cellular cells, the first target user to which the first pilot sequence has been allocated based on the first target pilot allocation scheme;

[0134] The first selection unit 302 is further configured to select a second pilot sequence from the remaining pilot sequences;

[0135] The first determining unit 305 is further configured to determine a second target pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the second pilot sequence based on remaining users corresponding to each of the cellular cells.

[0136] Further, such as Figure 6 As shown, the first determining unit 305 includes:

[0137] A judgment module 3051 is used to judge, for each pilot allocation scheme, whether the average precision value corresponding to a plurality of the first users is greater than a second preset precision value;

[0138] A retaining module 3052, configured to retain the pilot allocation scheme when it is determined that the average precision value corresponding to the plurality of first users is greater than a second preset precision value;

[0139] An acquisition module 3053 is configured to acquire, for each of the reserved pilot allocation schemes, a minimum accuracy value from the channel estimation accuracy values ​​corresponding to the plurality of first users;

[0140] The determination module 3054 is configured to use, if the minimum precision value meets the first preset precision value, the pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the minimum precision value as the first target pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the first pilot sequence.

[0141] Further, such as Figure 6 As shown, the device also includes:

[0142] The allocation unit 303 is further configured to obtain a reference pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the pilot sequence by allocating the first pilot sequence to the target users selected in each of the cellular cells after selecting the first pilot sequence from the pilot sequence group;

[0143] The calculation unit 304 is further configured to perform a channel estimation operation based on the first pilot sequence for the reference pilot allocation scheme to obtain a target channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to each target user;

[0144] The calculation unit 304 is further configured to perform an averaging operation according to the target channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to each target user to obtain a target accuracy average value;

[0145] The first constructing unit 307 is configured to construct the second preset accuracy value based on the target accuracy average value.

[0146] Further, such as Figure 6 As shown, the device also includes:

[0147] A statistical unit 308 is configured to count the number of precision values ​​greater than the second preset precision value from the precision average values ​​corresponding to the plurality of pilot allocation schemes;

[0148] The first constructing unit 307 is further configured to, when the number is less than a preset threshold, reconstruct the second preset accuracy value based on reconstructing the reference pilot allocation scheme.

[0149] Further, such as Figure 6 As shown, the device also includes:

[0150] The second determining unit 309 is further configured to determine, for each of the reserved pilot allocation schemes, a minimum accuracy value corresponding to the first user after the channel estimation operation, and obtain a minimum accuracy value corresponding to each of the reserved pilot allocation schemes after the channel estimation operation;

[0151] A second selection unit 310 is configured to select a maximum precision value from the minimum precision values ​​of the channel estimation operation corresponding to the plurality of reserved pilot allocation schemes;

[0152] The second constructing unit 311 is configured to construct the first preset precision value based on the selected maximum precision value.

[0153] Further, such as Figure 6 As shown, the device also includes:

[0154] The first determining unit 305 is further configured to determine, in each of the cellular cells, a designated user corresponding to the first pilot sequence based on a first target pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the first pilot sequence;

[0155] The calculation unit 304 is further configured to perform channel estimation calculation between the designated user and a base station in the cellular cell using the first pilot sequence to obtain a channel estimation value corresponding to the designated user in each of the cellular cells;

[0156] The execution unit 312 is used to receive, analyze and forward the data signal sent by the designated user based on the channel estimation value corresponding to the designated user in each of the cellular cells using the base station corresponding to the designated user.

[0157] In summary, the embodiment of the present application provides a pilot allocation device. In the present application, firstly, a pilot sequence is selected from a pilot sequence group (as a first pilot sequence). Since the pilot sequence group is applied to each cellular cell and different pilot sequences are allocated to different users in the cell, each cellular cell has a user (called a first user) who shares the first pilot sequence. Then, since each user in the cellular cell can be selected as the first user, multiple pilot allocation schemes are obtained by allocating the first pilot sequence to the first users arbitrarily selected in each cellular cell. Furthermore, for each A pilot allocation scheme is proposed, and a channel estimation operation is performed based on the first pilot sequence. The channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to the first user selected by each cellular cell will be obtained. The accuracy value is mainly used to measure the level of the channel estimation deviation, and the accuracy average value is obtained through averaging operation. Finally, for each pilot allocation scheme, the present application uses the first preset accuracy value to measure the level of the channel estimation accuracy value to determine whether there will be a user with too poor communication experience in the allocation scheme, and uses the second preset accuracy value to measure the level of the accuracy average value to determine whether the user communication experience of the allocation scheme as a whole meets the standard, thereby finding the best pilot allocation scheme.

[0158] And repeating the allocation operation of the first pilot sequence can complete the optimal allocation of all pilot sequences in the pilot sequence group, thereby obtaining an overall optimal allocation scheme corresponding to the pilot sequence group. Since the accuracy of the channel estimation required for communication of most users in the group is required to be not low, it is also required to avoid the situation where the accuracy of the corresponding channel estimation of a few users is low, resulting in poor experience, thereby providing a fairer pilot allocation scheme, minimizing the interference caused by pilot pollution, and ensuring the communication experience of each user.

[0159] The pilot allocation device provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a processor and a memory. The above-mentioned acquisition unit, first selection unit, allocation unit, calculation unit and first determination unit are all stored in the memory as program units, and the processor executes the above-mentioned program units stored in the memory to realize corresponding functions.

[0160] The processor includes a kernel, which calls the corresponding program unit from the memory. One or more kernels can be set, and the pilot allocation method is optimized by adjusting the kernel parameters. Since the accuracy of the channel estimation required for communication by most users in the group is required to be not low, it is also required to avoid the situation where the accuracy of the corresponding channel estimation of a few users is low, resulting in poor experience. This provides a fairer pilot allocation solution, minimizes the interference caused by pilot pollution, and ensures the communication experience of each user.

[0161] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the pilot allocation method as described above is implemented.

[0162] An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the pilot allocation method as described above when executing the computer program.

[0163] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0164] In a typical configuration, the device includes one or more processors (CPU), memory and bus. The device may also include input / output interface, network interface and the like.

[0165] The memory may include non-permanent memory in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM, and the memory includes at least one memory chip. The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

[0166] Computer readable media include permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can be implemented by any method or technology to store information. Information can be computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer readable media does not include temporary computer readable media (transitory media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0167] It should also be noted that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device including the elements.

[0168] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that contain computer-usable program code.

[0169] The above are only embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A pilot allocation method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Acquire a pilot sequence group, wherein the pilot sequence group includes a plurality of different pilot sequences, the plurality of different pilot sequences are applied to each cellular cell, and different pilot sequences are correspondingly allocated to users in the cellular cell; Selecting a first pilot sequence from the pilot sequence group; Obtaining a plurality of pilot allocation schemes corresponding to the first pilot sequence by allocating the first pilot sequence to first users arbitrarily selected in each of the cellular cells; For each of the pilot allocation schemes, performing a channel estimation operation based on the first pilot sequence to obtain a channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to each of the first users, and obtaining an accuracy average value through an averaging operation; For each of the pilot allocation schemes, based on a comparison result of a channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to each of the first users with a first preset accuracy value and a comparison result of the accuracy average value with a second preset accuracy value, determine a first target pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the first pilot sequence from a plurality of the pilot allocation schemes; Among them, for each of the pilot allocation schemes, based on the comparison result of the channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to each of the first users with the first preset accuracy value and the comparison result of the accuracy average value with the second preset accuracy value, determining the first target pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the first pilot sequence from the multiple pilot allocation schemes, including: for each pilot allocation scheme, judging whether the accuracy average value corresponding to multiple first users is greater than the second preset accuracy value; if so, retaining the pilot allocation scheme; for each of the retained pilot allocation schemes, obtaining the minimum accuracy value from the channel estimation accuracy values ​​corresponding to multiple first users; if the minimum accuracy value meets the first preset accuracy value, using the pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the minimum accuracy value as the first target pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the first pilot sequence.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that After determining a first target pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the first pilot sequence, the method further includes: Deleting the first pilot sequence from the pilot sequence group to obtain a remaining pilot sequence; Based on the first target pilot allocation scheme, deleting the first target user to which the first pilot sequence has been allocated from each of the cellular cells; Selecting a second pilot sequence from the remaining pilot sequences; A second target pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the second pilot sequence is determined based on remaining users corresponding to each of the cellular cells.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that After selecting the first pilot sequence from the pilot sequence group, the method further includes: Obtaining a reference pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the pilot sequence by allocating the first pilot sequence to the target users selected in each of the cellular cells; For the reference pilot allocation scheme, performing a channel estimation operation based on the first pilot sequence to obtain a target channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to each of the target users; Performing an averaging operation according to the target channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to each target user to obtain a target accuracy average value; Based on the target accuracy average value, the second preset accuracy value is constructed.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that After constructing the second preset accuracy value, the method further includes: From the average precision values ​​corresponding to the plurality of pilot allocation schemes, count the number of precision values ​​greater than the second preset precision value; If the number is less than a preset threshold, the second preset accuracy value is reconstructed based on reconstructing the reference pilot allocation scheme.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: For each of the reserved pilot allocation schemes, determine a minimum precision value corresponding to the first user after a channel estimation operation, and obtain a minimum precision value corresponding to each of the reserved pilot allocation schemes after a channel estimation operation; Selecting a maximum precision value from the minimum precision values ​​of the channel estimation operation corresponding to the plurality of reserved pilot allocation schemes; Based on the selected maximum precision value, the first preset precision value is constructed.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that After determining a first target pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the first pilot sequence, the method further includes: Determining, in each of the cellular cells, a designated user corresponding to the first pilot sequence based on a first target pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the first pilot sequence; Using the first pilot sequence, performing channel estimation calculation between the designated user and a base station in the cellular cell, and obtaining a channel estimation value corresponding to the designated user in each of the cellular cells; Based on the channel estimation value corresponding to the designated user in each of the cellular cells, the base station corresponding to the designated user is used to receive the data signal sent by the designated user, analyze it and forward it.

7. A pilot allocation device, characterized in that: The device comprises: An acquisition unit, configured to acquire a pilot sequence group, wherein the pilot sequence group includes a plurality of different pilot sequences, wherein the plurality of different pilot sequences are applied to each cellular cell, and different pilot sequences are correspondingly allocated to users in the cellular cell; A first selection unit, configured to select a first pilot sequence from the pilot sequence group; an allocating unit, configured to obtain a plurality of pilot allocation schemes corresponding to the first pilot sequence by allocating the first pilot sequence to first users arbitrarily selected in each of the cellular cells; a calculation unit, configured to perform a channel estimation operation based on the first pilot sequence for each of the pilot allocation schemes, obtain a channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to each of the first users, and obtain an accuracy average value through an averaging operation; A first determining unit is configured to determine, for each of the pilot allocation schemes, a first target pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the first pilot sequence from a plurality of the pilot allocation schemes based on a comparison result of a channel estimation accuracy value corresponding to each of the first users with a first preset accuracy value and a comparison result of the accuracy average value with a second preset accuracy value; The first determining unit includes: A judging module, configured to judge, for each pilot allocation scheme, whether the average precision value corresponding to a plurality of the first users is greater than a second preset precision value; A retaining module, configured to retain the pilot allocation scheme when it is determined that the average precision value corresponding to the plurality of first users is greater than a second preset precision value; An acquisition module, configured to acquire, for each of the reserved pilot allocation schemes, a minimum accuracy value from the channel estimation accuracy values ​​corresponding to the plurality of first users; The determination module is configured to use, if the minimum precision value meets the first preset precision value, the pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the minimum precision value as the first target pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the first pilot sequence.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the pilot allocation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the pilot allocation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 when executing the computer program.

Images