A method for preparing copper-iron alloy wire

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a copper-iron alloy wire, comprising the following steps: S1, batching; S2, upward continuous casting; S3, cold rolling and heat treatment; S4, strengthening treatment; S5, cold drawing and aging treatment; and obtaining the copper-iron alloy wire. The copper-iron alloy wire prepared by the upward continuous casting of the invention has uniformly controlled components, a short preparation process, and stable performance of the copper-iron alloy wire, and has obvious advantages over traditional extrusion and drawing processes of the copper-iron alloy wire.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of nonferrous metal materials, and in particular to a method for preparing a copper-iron alloy wire. Background Art

[0002] Copper-iron alloy has the excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, ductility, elasticity of copper, and the excellent wear resistance, strength, hardness, magnetism and other properties of iron, showing unique and superior characteristics. In recent years, it has received extensive attention from scientific research institutes and enterprises. Among them, copper-iron alloy wire is widely used in the welding industry. As a special welding wire, it is mainly used in the field of welding dissimilar alloys of copper and steel.

[0003] At present, the main methods for preparing copper-iron alloy wires include vacuum induction melting + forging + multiple hot extrusions. The copper-iron alloy wires prepared by these processes are prone to defects such as internal cracks in the wire core, stress cracks, twisting, and drawing fractures. In addition, too many hot extrusion times not only make the process cumbersome, but also increase the possibility of bubbles.

[0004] The present invention applies the upward continuous casting technology to the preparation of copper-iron alloy wires, which can effectively solve the problems caused by the above methods. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for preparing a copper-iron alloy wire.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a method for preparing a copper-iron alloy wire, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Ingredients:

[0008] According to the mass percentage, Fe: 5-15%, the balance is Cu, and the ingredients are prepared;

[0009] S2, upward continuous casting:

[0010] The raw materials prepared in S1 are respectively added into the smelting furnace through respective feeding devices, and heating is started when the raw materials enter the heating area until the raw materials are melted to obtain molten metal, and the molten metal is kept warm for a period of time and then upward continuous casting is performed to obtain copper-iron alloy rod billets; and argon gas is filled for protection during the whole process;

[0011] S3, cold rolling and heat treatment:

[0012] The copper-iron alloy rod blank after the solid solution treatment is subjected to multiple cold rolling at room temperature, and then subjected to intermediate annealing treatment to obtain a copper-iron alloy rod material;

[0013] S4. Strengthening treatment:

[0014] The copper-iron alloy rod obtained in S3 is immersed in molten polyethersulfone at 500-550°C and rolled back and forth for 5-10 minutes, and then the copper-iron alloy rod is flushed with distilled water for 6-8 minutes, and then the flushed copper-iron alloy rod is kept at 420-450°C for 20-30 minutes, and then the copper-iron alloy rod is cooled to room temperature in liquid nitrogen;

[0015] S5, cold drawing and aging treatment:

[0016] The cooled copper-iron alloy rod material is then cold-drawn at room temperature to a copper-iron alloy wire of a desired size, and then subjected to aging treatment to obtain a copper-iron alloy wire of a desired specification.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S2, the heating temperature is 1300-1500°C and the holding time is 25-35 minutes. The parameters can make the Cu and Fe materials melt completely and evenly diffuse the temperature during the holding process, so that the materials are heated evenly.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S2, it is necessary to ensure that the liquid metal level in the smelting furnace is consistent with the installation height of the crystallizer in the smelting furnace. By maintaining the height, the effect of continuous feeding while casting can be achieved, so that continuous production can be carried out.

[0019] Furthermore, in step S3, the solution treatment is as follows: solution temperature is 900-1000°C, holding time is 60-120min, and water quenching is performed to cool to room temperature. After the solution treatment, the plasticity of the copper-iron alloy wire is improved to a certain extent, and the cold deformation treatment is performed by water quenching to achieve the effect of enhancing the strength of the copper-iron alloy wire; and the precipitation phase in the later stage is more dispersed and evenly distributed.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S3, the intermediate annealing treatment is: intermediate annealing temperature is 595-605°C, holding time is 190-270min, and cooling to room temperature with the furnace. The intermediate annealing treatment enables the solid solution atoms to be effectively precipitated, eliminates stress, and improves the electrical properties of the copper-iron alloy wire.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S3, the aging treatment is: aging temperature 450-550°C, holding time 180-240 minutes, and cooling to room temperature with the furnace. After the aging treatment, the deformation of the copper-iron alloy wire caused by cold drawing can be eliminated.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S2, the upward speed of the upward continuous casting is controlled at 900-1300 mm / min, the ingot is cooled by water cooling after being obtained, and direct current is continuously passed into the coolant used for water cooling, and the current density of the direct current is 0.4-0.6 A / cm 2, and the inlet temperature of the cooling liquid is controlled at 30-35° C. The composition of the copper-iron alloy wire prepared by upward continuous casting is uniformly controlled, the preparation process is short, and the performance of the copper-iron alloy wire is stable.

[0023] Furthermore, the coolant is a potassium nitrate aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 2-4%. The coolant has low hardness, clean water quality, and no suspended matter, which can ensure that all waterways in the crystallizer are unobstructed and scale-free, thereby reducing the cleaning of the crystallizer and improving the use and utilization rate of the upward continuous casting machine.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S2, the Fe is fed in the form of a copper-iron alloy cored wire rod, and the remaining Cu is fed in the form of an oxygen-free copper rod. The oxygen-free copper rod has a very low oxygen content, and the copper structure in the oxygen-free copper rod is a uniform single-phase structure, which is conducive to improving toughness; the impurity content in the copper-iron alloy cored wire rod is relatively low.

[0025] Furthermore, in the step S2, before starting the upward continuous casting, a slag remover is added to the molten metal under the action of electromagnetic stirring, and after a slag body is formed, the slag body is fished out to obtain a pure molten metal;

[0026] The amount of slag remover added is gradually adjusted as the electromagnetic stirring time increases. The specific adjustment method is:

[0027] The first stage: when 0min<t≤10min, the speed of electromagnetic stirring is set to 120~130rpm, and x is 0.06%~0.08%;

[0028] The second stage: when 10min<t≤20min, the speed of electromagnetic stirring is set to 140~150rpm, and x is 0.04%~0.09%;

[0029] The third stage: when 20min<t≤35min, the speed of electromagnetic stirring is set to 125~135rpm, and x is 0.05%~0.08%;

[0030] Among them, x is the mass ratio of the addition amount of the slag remover to the molten metal, and the total addition amount of the slag remover is the sum of the addition amounts in the three stages, which is 0.15% to 0.25%;

[0031] t is the time of electromagnetic stirring. The total time of electromagnetic stirring is the end time of the third stage, which is 25 to 35 min.

[0032] The components of the slag remover include, by mass percentage: 10% to 15% alumina, 5% to 7% calcium carbide, 3% to 15% trace substances in total, and the remainder is silicon dioxide; wherein the trace substances are MgO, CaO, K 2 O are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1.

[0033] Adding a slag remover before upward continuous casting can remove impurities, non-metallic inclusions, etc. in the molten metal to ensure the purity of the molten metal. It can also reduce the oxygen content in the molten metal to prevent corrosion of the material in the subsequent preparation process, and enable more effective upward continuous casting.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0035] (1) The copper-iron alloy wire prepared by the upward continuous casting of the present invention has uniform composition control, a short preparation process, and stable performance of the wire, which has obvious advantages over the traditional extrusion and drawing process of the copper-iron alloy wire.

[0036] (2) The present invention strengthens the copper-iron alloy rod material after cold rolling, so that the copper-iron alloy rod material is rolled in molten polyethersulfone for a period of time, thereby strengthening the tensile properties of the copper-iron alloy wire material, reducing the number of subsequent cold drawing times, and further improving the toughness of the copper-iron alloy wire material by cooling in liquid nitrogen.

[0037] (3) The present invention removes impurities, non-metallic inclusions, etc. in the molten metal by adding a slag remover with a special component to ensure the purity of the molten metal, and further reduces the oxygen content in the molten metal by adding the slag remover in different electromagnetic stirring stages, thereby preventing corrosion of the material in the subsequent preparation process and enhancing the effect of upward continuous casting. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods to better reflect the advantages of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] S1. Ingredients:

[0041] According to the mass percentage, Fe: 10% and the balance Cu are selected for batching;

[0042] S2, upward continuous casting:

[0043] The prepared raw materials in S1 are respectively added into the smelting furnace through respective feeding devices, wherein the Fe is fed in the form of a copper-iron alloy cored wire rod, and the remaining Cu is fed in the form of an oxygen-free copper rod; heating is started when the raw materials enter the heating area until the raw materials are melted to obtain molten metal, and the molten metal is kept warm for a period of time and then upward continuous casting is performed to obtain a copper-iron alloy rod billet with a size of Φ30 mm;

[0044] The upward speed of the upward continuous casting is controlled at 1100 mm / min. After the ingot is obtained, it is cooled by water cooling, and direct current is continuously passed into the coolant used for water cooling. The coolant is a potassium nitrate aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 3%. The current density of the direct current is 0.5 A / cm 2 , and the inlet temperature of the coolant is controlled at 33°C to obtain a copper-iron alloy rod blank; wherein the heating temperature is 1400°C, the holding time is 30 minutes, and argon gas is filled for protection during the entire process, and it is ensured that the metal liquid level in the smelting furnace is consistent with the installation height of the crystallizer in the smelting furnace;

[0045] S3, cold rolling and heat treatment:

[0046] The copper-iron alloy rod blank after solid solution treatment is cold rolled for nine times at room temperature, and then intermediate annealing is performed to obtain a copper-iron alloy rod material with a size of Φ5 mm; the solid solution treatment is as follows: solid solution temperature is 950°C, holding time is 90 minutes, and water quenching is cooled to room temperature; the intermediate annealing treatment is as follows: intermediate annealing temperature is 600°C, holding time is 240 minutes, and cooling to room temperature with the annealing furnace;

[0047] S4. Strengthening treatment:

[0048] The copper-iron alloy rod obtained in S3 was immersed in molten polyethersulfone at 530°C and rolled back and forth for 8 minutes, and then the copper-iron alloy rod was flushed with distilled water for 7 minutes. The flushed copper-iron alloy rod was then kept at 435°C for 25 minutes, and then the copper-iron alloy rod was cooled to room temperature in liquid nitrogen.

[0049] S5, cold drawing and aging treatment:

[0050] The cooled copper-iron alloy rod material is then cold-drawn at room temperature to a copper-iron alloy wire with a size of Φ1.8 mm, and then subjected to aging treatment to obtain the desired copper-iron alloy wire; the aging treatment is as follows: aging temperature 500° C., insulation time 210 min, and cooling to room temperature in an aging furnace.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that Fe: 5% and the balance Cu are selected according to mass percentage for batching.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that Fe: 15% and the balance Cu are selected according to mass percentage for batching.

[0055] Example 4

[0056] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step S2, the heating temperature is 1300°C and the holding time is 25 minutes; the inlet temperature of the coolant is controlled at 35°C.

[0057] Example 5

[0058] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step S2, the heating temperature is 1500°C and the holding time is 35 minutes; the inlet temperature of the coolant is controlled at 30°C.

[0059] Example 6

[0060] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the upward speed of the upward continuous casting is controlled at 900 mm / min, and argon is filled to isolate oxygen, and water is used for cooling, and direct current is continuously passed through the cooling liquid used, the cooling liquid is a potassium nitrate aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 2%, and the current density of the direct current is 0.4 A / cm 2 .

[0061] Example 7

[0062] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the upward speed of the upward continuous casting is controlled at 1300 mm / min, and argon is filled to isolate oxygen, and water is used for cooling, and direct current is continuously passed through the cooling liquid used, the cooling liquid is a potassium nitrate aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 4%, and the current density of the direct current is 0.6 A / cm 2 .

[0063] Example 8

[0064] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the solution treatment is as follows: the solution temperature is 900°C, the holding time is 60 minutes, and the solution is cooled to room temperature by water quenching; the intermediate annealing treatment is as follows: the intermediate annealing temperature is 595°C, the holding time is 190 minutes, and the solution is cooled to room temperature with the furnace; the aging treatment is as follows: the aging temperature is 450°C, the holding time is 180 minutes, and the solution is cooled to room temperature with the furnace.

[0065] Example 9

[0066] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the solution treatment is as follows: the solution temperature is 1000°C, the holding time is 120 minutes, and the solution is cooled to room temperature by water quenching; the intermediate annealing treatment is as follows: the intermediate annealing temperature is 605°C, the holding time is 270 minutes, and the solution is cooled to room temperature with the furnace; the aging treatment is as follows: the aging temperature is 550°C, the holding time is 240 minutes, and the solution is cooled to room temperature with the furnace.

[0067] Example 10

[0068] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step S4, the copper-iron alloy rod material obtained in S3 is immersed in molten polyethersulfone at 500°C and rolled back and forth for 5 minutes, and then the copper-iron alloy rod material is flushed with distilled water for 6 minutes, and then the flushed copper-iron alloy rod material is kept at 420°C for 20 minutes, and then the copper-iron alloy rod material after insulation is cooled to room temperature in liquid nitrogen.

[0069] Embodiment 11

[0070] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step S4, the copper-iron alloy rod material obtained in S3 is immersed in molten polyethersulfone at 550°C and rolled back and forth for 10 minutes, and then the copper-iron alloy rod material is flushed with distilled water for 8 minutes, and then the flushed copper-iron alloy rod material is kept at 450°C for 30 minutes, and then the copper-iron alloy rod material after insulation is cooled to room temperature in liquid nitrogen.

[0071] Example 12

[0072] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step S2, before starting the upward continuous casting, a slag remover is added to the molten metal under the action of electromagnetic stirring, and after the slag body is formed, the slag body is fished out to obtain pure molten metal;

[0073] The amount of slag remover added is gradually adjusted as the electromagnetic stirring time increases. The specific adjustment method is:

[0074] Stage 1: For the first 10 minutes, the speed of electromagnetic stirring was set to 125 rpm, and the amount of slag remover added was 0.07% by mass of the molten metal;

[0075] The second stage: within 10 to 20 minutes, the speed of electromagnetic stirring is set to 145 rpm, and the amount of slag remover added is 0.06% by mass of the molten metal;

[0076] The third stage: within 20min to 30min, the speed of electromagnetic stirring is set to 130rpm, and the amount of slag remover added is 0.07% by mass of the molten metal;

[0077] The total addition amount of the deslagging agent is the sum of the addition amounts in the three stages, which is 0.20%;

[0078] The total time of electromagnetic stirring is the end time of the third stage, which is 30 min;

[0079] The components of the slag remover include, by mass percentage: 13% alumina, 6% calcium carbide, 9% trace substances in total, and the remainder is silicon dioxide; wherein the trace substances are MgO, CaO, K 2 O are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1.

[0080] Embodiment 13

[0081] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 12 is that the components of the slag remover include, by mass percentage: 10% alumina, 5% calcium carbide, 15% trace substances in total, and the remainder is silicon dioxide; wherein the trace substances are MgO, CaO, K 2 O are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1.

[0082] Embodiment 14

[0083] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 12 is that the components of the slag remover include, by mass percentage, 15% alumina, 7% calcium carbide, 3% trace substances in total, and the remainder is silicon dioxide; wherein the trace substances are MgO, CaO, K 2 O are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1.

[0084] Embodiment 15

[0085] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 12 is that the amount of the slag remover added is gradually adjusted as the electromagnetic stirring time increases. The specific adjustment method is:

[0086] The first stage: in the first 10 minutes, the speed of electromagnetic stirring was set to 125 rpm, and the amount of slag remover added was 0.06% by mass of the molten metal;

[0087] The second stage: within 10 to 20 minutes, the speed of electromagnetic stirring is set to 145 rpm, and the amount of slag remover added is 0.04% by mass of the molten metal;

[0088] The third stage: within 20min to 30min, the speed of electromagnetic stirring is set to 130rpm, and the amount of slag remover added is 0.05% by mass of the molten metal;

[0089] The total addition amount of the deslagging agent is the sum of the addition amounts in the three stages, which is 0.15%;

[0090] The total time of electromagnetic stirring is the end time of the third stage, which is 30 min.

[0091] Example 16

[0092] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 12 is that the amount of the slag remover added is gradually adjusted as the electromagnetic stirring time increases. The specific adjustment method is:

[0093] The first stage: in the first 10 minutes, the speed of electromagnetic stirring was set to 125 rpm, and the amount of slag remover added was 0.08% by mass of the molten metal;

[0094] The second stage: within 10 to 20 minutes, the speed of electromagnetic stirring is set to 145 rpm, and the amount of slag remover added is 0.09% by mass of the molten metal;

[0095] The third stage: within 20min to 30min, the speed of electromagnetic stirring is set to 130rpm, and the amount of slag remover added is 0.08% by mass of the molten metal;

[0096] The total addition amount of the deslagging agent is the sum of the addition amounts in the three stages, which is 0.25%;

[0097] t is the time of electromagnetic stirring, and the total time of electromagnetic stirring is the end time of the third stage, which is 30 min.

[0098] Embodiment 17

[0099] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 12 is that the amount of the slag remover added is gradually adjusted as the electromagnetic stirring time increases. The specific adjustment method is:

[0100] Stage 1: For the first 10 minutes, the speed of electromagnetic stirring was set to 125 rpm, and the amount of slag remover added was 0.07% by mass of the molten metal;

[0101] The second stage: within 10 to 20 minutes, the speed of electromagnetic stirring is set to 145 rpm, and the amount of slag remover added is 0.06% by mass of the molten metal;

[0102] The third stage: within 20min to 25min, the speed of electromagnetic stirring is set to 130rpm, and the amount of slag remover added is 0.07% by mass of the molten metal;

[0103] The total addition amount of the deslagging agent is the sum of the addition amounts in the three stages, which is 0.20%;

[0104] The total time of electromagnetic stirring is the end time of the third stage, which is 25 min.

[0105] Embodiment 18

[0106] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 12 is that the amount of the slag remover added is gradually adjusted as the electromagnetic stirring time increases. The specific adjustment method is:

[0107] Stage 1: For the first 10 minutes, the speed of electromagnetic stirring was set to 125 rpm, and the amount of slag remover added was 0.07% by mass of the molten metal;

[0108] The second stage: within 10 to 20 minutes, the speed of electromagnetic stirring is set to 145 rpm, and the amount of slag remover added is 0.06% by mass of the molten metal;

[0109] The third stage: within 20min to 35min, the speed of electromagnetic stirring is set to 130rpm, and the amount of slag remover added is 0.07% by mass of the molten metal;

[0110] The total addition amount of the deslagging agent is the sum of the addition amounts in the three stages, which is 0.20%;

[0111] The total time of electromagnetic stirring is the end time of the third stage, which is 35 min.

[0112] Experimental example

[0113] For the copper-iron alloy wire prepared in each embodiment, 5 samples of each embodiment were taken to test the performance of the copper-iron alloy wire. The performance measurement results of the 5 samples of each embodiment were averaged as the performance measurement results of the embodiment. The specific exploration is as follows:

[0114] 1. Investigate the influence of the proportion of ingredients on the conductive properties of the prepared copper-iron alloy wire

[0115] Taking Examples 1-3 as a comparison, the results are shown in Table 1:

[0116] Table 1 Conductivity test table of samples in Examples 1-3

[0117] Group Conductivity / %IACS Example 1 60 Example 2 43 Example 3 52

[0118] It can be seen from the results in Table 1 that the proportion of the ingredients has a certain influence on the conductive properties of the prepared copper-iron alloy wire. Too high or too low iron content will reduce the conductivity of the copper-iron alloy wire. By comparison, it can be seen that the copper-iron alloy wire prepared by the component ratio of Example 1 has the best effect.

[0119] 2. Investigate the effects of heating and cooling temperatures of the rod material on the conductivity of the prepared copper-iron alloy wire

[0120] Taking Examples 1, 4-5 as comparison, the results are shown in Table 2:

[0121] Table 2 Conductivity test table of samples in Examples 1, 4-5

[0122] Group Conductivity / %IACS Example 1 60 Example 4 51 Example 5 62

[0123] From the results in Table 2, it can be seen that the heating temperature and cooling temperature of the rod material have a certain influence on the conductive properties of the prepared copper-iron alloy wire, and by comparison, it can be seen that the conductivity of Example 5 is relatively higher, but Example 5 requires a higher heating temperature and a longer time, and a lower cooling temperature, but the effect is less improved than that of Example 1. Therefore, from the perspective of economy, the effect of the copper-iron alloy wire prepared in Example 1 is relatively optimal.

[0124] 3. Investigate the influence of the upward continuous casting parameters on the conductive properties of the prepared copper-iron alloy wire

[0125] Using Examples 1, 6-7 as comparison, the results are shown in Table 3:

[0126] Table 3 Conductivity test table of samples in Examples 1, 6-7

[0127] Group Conductivity / %IACS Example 1 60 Example 6 53 Example 7 57

[0128] From the results in Table 3, it can be seen that the parameters of the upward continuous casting have a certain influence on the conductive properties of the prepared copper-iron alloy wire, and by comparison, it can be seen that the effect of the copper-iron alloy wire prepared in Example 1 is relatively optimal.

[0129] 4. Investigate the influence of heat treatment parameters on various properties of the prepared copper-iron alloy wire

[0130] Using Examples 1, 8-9 as comparison, the results are shown in Table 4:

[0131] Table 4 Performance test table of various aspects of each sample of Examples 1, 8-9

[0132] Group Hardness / HB Tensile strength / MPa Conductivity / %IACS Example 1 110 407 60 Example 8 88 386 55 Example 9 119 413 63

[0133] From the results in Table 4, it can be seen that the heat treatment parameters have a certain influence on various properties of the prepared copper-iron alloy wire, and by comparison, it can be seen that the conductivity, tensile strength and hardness of Example 9 are relatively higher, but the temperature required for Example 9 is higher and the insulation time is longer, but the effect is less improved than that of Example 1. Therefore, from the perspective of economy, the effect of the copper-iron alloy wire prepared in Example 1 is relatively optimal.

[0134] 5. Investigate the effect of strengthening treatment on the elongation and tensile strength of the prepared copper-iron alloy wire. Take Examples 1 and 10-11 as comparisons. The results are shown in Table 5:

[0135] Table 5 Elongation and tensile strength test table of each sample of Examples 1, 10-11

[0136] Group Elongation / % Tensile strength / MPa Example 1 45 407 Example 10 41 382 Embodiment 11 46 416

[0137] It can be seen from the results in Table 5 that the strengthening treatment has a certain influence on the elongation and tensile strength of the prepared copper-iron alloy wire, and by comparison, it can be seen that the elongation and tensile strength of Example 11 are relatively higher, but the temperature required for Example 11 is higher and the insulation time is longer, but the effect is less improved than that of Example 1. Therefore, from the perspective of economy, the effect of the copper-iron alloy wire prepared in Example 1 is relatively optimal.

[0138] 6. Investigate the effect of slag remover on the conductive properties of the prepared copper-iron alloy wire

[0139] Taking Examples 1, 12-14 and Comparative Example 1 as comparison, the results are shown in Table 6:

[0140] Table 6 Conductivity test table of samples in Examples 1, 12-14 and Comparative Example 1

[0141] Group Conductivity / %IACS Example 1 60 Example 12 76 Example 13 71 Embodiment 14 74 Comparative Example 1 68

[0142] The difference between the control example 1 and the example 12 is that the components of the deslagging agent include, by mass percentage: 13% of aluminum oxide, 9% of trace substances in total, and the remainder of silicon dioxide; wherein the trace substances are MgO, CaO, K 2 O are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1;

[0143] It can be seen from the results in Table 6 that the slag remover has a certain influence on the conductive properties of the prepared copper-iron alloy wire, and by comparison with Control Example 1, it can be seen that in the absence of calcium carbide, the slag remover has a smaller effect on improving the conductivity of the copper-iron alloy wire than Examples 12-14. Therefore, it can be seen from the comparison that the copper-iron alloy wire prepared in Example 12 has the best effect.

[0144] 7. Investigate the effect of different addition amounts of slag remover on the conductive properties of the prepared copper-iron alloy wire. Take Examples 12, 15-16 and Comparative Example 2 as comparisons. The results are shown in Table 7:

[0145] Table 7 Conductivity test table of samples of Examples 10, 15-16 and Comparative Example 2

[0146] Group Conductivity / %IACS Example 12 76 Embodiment 15 72 Example 16 77 Comparative Example 2 68

[0147] The difference between the comparative example 2 and the example 12 is that the deslagging agent is added at a mass ratio of 0.20% of the molten metal at one time when the electromagnetic stirring is started;

[0148] It can be seen from the results in Table 7 that the slag remover has a certain influence on the conductive properties of the prepared copper-iron alloy wire, and by comparison with Control Example 2, it can be seen that when the slag remover is added once, the effect of the slag remover on improving the conductivity of the copper-iron alloy wire is relatively small compared with Examples 12 and 15-16. Therefore, it can be seen from the comparison that the effect of the copper-iron alloy wire prepared in Example 12 is relatively optimal.

[0149] 8. Investigate the effect of electromagnetic stirring parameters on the conductive properties of the prepared copper-iron alloy wire

[0150] Taking Examples 12, 17-18 and Comparative Example 3 as comparison, the results are shown in Table 8:

[0151] Table 8 Conductivity test table of samples in Examples 12, 17-18 and Comparative Example 3

[0152] Group Conductivity / %IACS Example 12 76 Embodiment 17 72 Embodiment 18 78 Comparative Example 3 69

[0153] The difference between the comparative example 3 and the example 12 is that the rotation speed of the electromagnetic stirring in the three stages remains constant;

[0154] It can be seen from the results in Table 8 that the electromagnetic stirring parameters have a certain influence on the conductive properties of the prepared copper-iron alloy wire, and by comparison with Control Example 3, it can be seen that when the electromagnetic stirring speed remains unchanged, the slag remover has a smaller effect on improving the conductivity of the copper-iron alloy wire than Examples 12 and 17-18, and Example 18 has the highest conductivity. However, the speed and stirring time of Example 18 are higher and longer than those of Example 12, but the effect is smaller than that of Example 12. Therefore, from the perspective of economy, the effect of the copper-iron alloy wire prepared in Example 12 is relatively optimal.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a copper-iron alloy wire, It is characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1. Ingredients: According to the mass percentage, Fe: 5-15%, the balance is Cu, and the ingredients are prepared; S2, upward continuous casting: The raw materials prepared in S1 are added into the smelting furnace through their respective feeding devices, and heating begins when the raw materials enter the heating area until the raw materials are melted to obtain molten metal. Under the action of electromagnetic stirring, a slag remover is added to the molten metal, and after a slag body is formed, the slag body is removed to obtain pure molten metal; The amount of slag remover added is gradually adjusted with the stage of electromagnetic stirring. The specific adjustment method is: The first stage: when 0min<t≤10min, the speed of electromagnetic stirring is set to 120~130rpm, and x is 0.06%~0.08%; The second stage: when 10min<t≤20min, the speed of electromagnetic stirring is set to 140~150rpm, and x is 0.04%~0.09%; The third stage: when 20min<t≤35min, the speed of electromagnetic stirring is set to 125~135rpm, and x is 0.05%~0.08%; Among them, x is the mass ratio of the addition amount of the slag remover to the molten metal, and the total addition amount of the slag remover is the sum of the addition amounts in the three stages, which is 0.15% to 0.25%; t is the time of electromagnetic stirring. The total time of electromagnetic stirring is the end time of the third stage, which is 25 to 35 min. The components of the slag remover include, by mass percentage: 10% to 15% alumina, 5% to 7% calcium carbide, 3% to 15% trace substances in total, and the remainder is silicon dioxide; wherein the trace substances are MgO, CaO, K 2 O are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1; The molten metal is kept warm for a period of time and then continuously cast upward to obtain a copper-iron alloy rod billet; argon gas is filled for protection during the entire process; and the molten metal level in the smelting furnace is ensured to be consistent with the installation height of the crystallizer in the smelting furnace; S3, cold rolling and heat treatment: The copper-iron alloy rod blank after the solid solution treatment is subjected to multiple cold rolling at room temperature, and then subjected to intermediate annealing treatment to obtain a copper-iron alloy rod material; S4. Strengthening treatment: The copper-iron alloy rod obtained in S3 is immersed in molten polyethersulfone at 500-550°C and rolled back and forth for 5-10 minutes, and then the copper-iron alloy rod is flushed with distilled water for 6-8 minutes, and then the flushed copper-iron alloy rod is kept at 420-450°C for 20-30 minutes, and then the copper-iron alloy rod is cooled to room temperature in liquid nitrogen; S5, cold drawing and aging treatment: The cooled copper-iron alloy rod material is then cold-drawn at room temperature to a copper-iron alloy wire of a desired size, and then subjected to aging treatment to obtain a copper-iron alloy wire of a desired specification.

2. A method for preparing a copper-iron alloy wire according to claim 1, It is characterized in that In step S2, the heating temperature is 1300-1500° C., and the insulation time is 25-35 minutes.

3. The method for preparing a copper-iron alloy wire according to claim 1, It is characterized in that In the step S2, it is necessary to ensure that the liquid level of the molten metal in the smelting furnace is consistent with the installation height of the crystallizer in the smelting furnace.

4. A method for preparing a copper-iron alloy wire according to claim 1, It is characterized in that In step S3, the solution treatment is as follows: solution temperature is 900-1000° C., holding time is 60-120 min, and water quenching is performed to cool to room temperature.

5. A method for preparing a copper-iron alloy wire according to claim 1, It is characterized in that In step S3, the intermediate annealing treatment is as follows: the intermediate annealing temperature is 595-605° C., the heat preservation time is 190-270 min, and the furnace is cooled to room temperature.

6. A method for preparing a copper-iron alloy wire according to claim 1, It is characterized in that In the step S3, the aging treatment is as follows: aging temperature is 450-550° C., heat preservation time is 180-240 min, and furnace cooling is performed to room temperature.

7. A method for preparing a copper-iron alloy wire according to claim 1, It is characterized in that In step S2, the upward speed of the upward continuous casting is controlled at 900-1300 mm / min, the ingot is cooled by water cooling after being obtained, and direct current is continuously passed into the coolant used for water cooling, and the current density of the direct current is 0.4-0.6 A / cm 2 , and the inlet temperature of the coolant is controlled at 30-35°C.

8. A method for preparing a copper-iron alloy wire according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The cooling liquid is a potassium nitrate aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 2-4%.

9. The method for preparing a copper-iron alloy wire according to claim 1, It is characterized in that In the step S2, the Fe is fed in the form of a copper-iron alloy cored wire rod, and the remaining Cu is fed in the form of an oxygen-free copper rod.